CN214299916U

CN214299916U - Simple and efficient ecological composting system

Info

Publication number: CN214299916U
Application number: CN202120104783.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗扬铭; 鲁赐
Original assignee: Shenzhen University
Current assignee: Shenzhen University
Priority date: 2021-01-15
Filing date: 2021-01-15
Publication date: 2021-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-15

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of compost, in particular to a simple and efficient ecological compost system, wherein a compost pile is placed on a pallet, an oxygen supply pipe arranged on the pallet is arranged in the compost pile, and compost is arranged between the oxygen supply pipe and the compost pile; the oxygen supply pipe is communicated with the interior of the pallet, the interior of the pallet is communicated with the external environment, the oxygen supply pipe is provided with a vent hole for ventilating the air between the interior of the compost and the external environment, and the upper surface of the pallet is provided with a vent hole for supplying oxygen to the bottom of the compost; the compost pile is provided with an observation port for measuring temperature and humidity and taking samples. The utility model discloses a compost stake has increased the area of contact with oxygen, guarantees the oxygen concentration in the compost stake to realize compost and external environment's circulation of air through oxygen supply pipe, pallet, reduce heap body temperature, thereby for good oxygen fungus provides suitable environment, guaranteed the existence of good oxygen fungus greatly and propagated, accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, improve compost efficiency, reduce the compost cost.

Description

Simple and efficient ecological composting system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the compost field, specifically speaking are ecological compost system of simple and easy efficient.

Background

The use of modern agricultural fertilizers and pesticides, although ensuring the growth of crops, brings certain harm to the health of agricultural workers and consumers. Moreover, the treatment of agricultural organic waste after cultivation is limited to incineration and landfill, which has a bad influence on the ecological environment.

Agricultural wastes contain a large amount of organic substances, and these organic substances cannot be utilized well.

The ecological composting refers to a biochemical process of artificially controlling the moisture content, the carbon-nitrogen ratio and the oxygen flux of materials in a compost body, creating conditions for the survival activity of microorganisms, and continuously decomposing organic matters in the compost body by the microorganisms through high-temperature fermentation to finally form the decomposed fertilizer. The ecological compost has the advantages of improving soil, degrading pesticide residues, increasing crop yield, improving crop quality, protecting ecological environment, reducing pollution and the like, and is popular with farmers. In recent years, the application development of ecological compost is rapid, and good prospects are provided for promoting research, development and application of ecological compost.

The compost mainly utilizes the action of various microorganisms to mineralize, humate and harmlessly treat organic residues of materials, so that various complex organic nutrients are converted into soluble nutrients and humus, and meanwhile, germs, worm eggs and weed seeds brought by raw materials are killed by utilizing high temperature (55-70 ℃) generated during accumulation, and the aim of harmlessness is fulfilled. Therefore, in order to obtain high quality compost, conditions are created for microbial activities in the composting process.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a simple and easy efficient ecological compost system.

The purpose of the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme:

the utility model comprises an oxygen supply pipe, a composting pile and a pallet, wherein the composting pile is arranged on the pallet, the oxygen supply pipe arranged on the pallet is arranged in the composting pile, and compost is arranged between the oxygen supply pipe and the composting pile; the oxygen supply pipe is communicated with the interior of the pallet, the interior of the pallet is communicated with the external environment, the oxygen supply pipe is provided with an air vent for ventilating the air between the interior of the compost and the external environment, and the upper surface of the pallet is provided with an air vent for supplying oxygen to the bottom of the compost; and the compost pile is provided with an observation port for measuring temperature and humidity and taking samples.

Wherein: the compost pile is enclosed by a wire mesh convenient for ventilation, a plurality of observation ports are formed in the wire mesh, and a thermometer for measuring temperature and a hygrometer for measuring humidity are respectively inserted into compost through the observation ports. The viewing port is rectangular.

The composting pile formed by the iron wire netting is a cylinder, and the cylinder is collinear with the axial center line of the oxygen supply pipe.

The oxygen supply pipe is provided with a plurality of layers of vent holes along the axial direction, and each layer of vent hole is uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the oxygen supply pipe.

The vent holes formed in the upper surface of the pallet are located on the inner side of the compost pile or on the inner side and the outer side of the compost pile.

The utility model discloses an advantage does with positive effect:

the compost pile of the utility model increases the contact area with oxygen, ensures the oxygen concentration in the compost pile, realizes the air circulation between compost and the external environment through the oxygen supply pipe and the pallet, and reduces the temperature of the compost body; thereby providing a suitable environment for aerobic bacteria, greatly ensuring the survival and propagation of the aerobic bacteria, accelerating the decomposition of organic matters, improving the composting efficiency and reducing the composting cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

wherein: 1 is an oxygen supply pipe, 2 is an observation port, 3 is a compost pile, 4 is a thermometer and 5 is a pallet.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the utility model comprises an oxygen supply pipe 1, a composting pile 3 and a pallet 5, wherein the composting pile 3 is placed on the pallet 5, the oxygen supply pipe 1 installed on the pallet 5 is arranged in the composting pile 3, and compost is arranged between the oxygen supply pipe 1 and the composting pile 3; the oxygen supply pipe 1 is communicated with the inside of the pallet 5, the inside of the pallet 5 is communicated with the external environment, the oxygen supply pipe 1 is provided with an air vent for ventilating the air inside the compost and the external environment, the compost temperature can be reduced through the oxygen supply pipe 1 and the air vent on the oxygen supply pipe, the upper surface of the pallet 5 is provided with an air vent for supplying oxygen to the bottom of the compost, and the air vent is used for composting the pile 3 from the bottom; the compost pile 3 is provided with an observation port 2 for measuring temperature and humidity and taking samples.

The pallet 5 of the present embodiment is of a wooden structure, and is rectangular or square. The vent holes arranged on the upper surface of the pallet 5 are positioned at the inner side of the compost pile 3 or at the inner side and the outer side of the compost pile 3. The ventilation holes on the upper surface of the pallet 5 are arranged on the inner side of the compost pile 3.

The composting pile 3 of the embodiment is surrounded by the wire netting which is convenient for ventilation, so that the contact area with air is increased, and the oxygen concentration in the composting pile 3 is ensured; a plurality of observation ports 2 are formed in the wire netting, and a thermometer for measuring temperature and a hygrometer for measuring humidity are respectively inserted into the compost through the observation ports 2. The mesh size of the wire netting of this example was 1.3X 1.3cm, and the height was 1 m or more. The observation port 2 of this example is a rectangle of 20X 15 cm. The compost pile 3 enclosed by the wire mesh of this embodiment is a cylinder which is collinear with the axial centerline of the oxygen supply pipe 1.

The oxygen supply pipe 1 of the embodiment is a hollow round pipe with a closed upper end and an open lower end, and the lower end of the oxygen supply pipe 1 is installed on the pallet 5 and communicated with the interior of the pallet 5; the oxygen supply pipe 1 is provided with a plurality of layers of vent holes along the axial direction, and each layer of vent hole is uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the oxygen supply pipe 1.

The utility model discloses a use method, including following step:

step one, enclosing a cylindrical composting pile 3 with the height of more than 1 meter by using an iron wire with the mesh size of 1.3 multiplied by 1.3cm, arranging three observation ports 2 with the size of 20 multiplied by 15cm from top to bottom respectively in front and at back at equal intervals, and arranging a pallet 5 with the size of 1.2 multiplied by 1.2 meters at the bottom of the composting pile 3.

And step two, taking agricultural solid organic wastes such as rice straws, water hyacinth and the like as composting materials (the total amount is 1 ton) and pouring the composting materials into the composting pile 3, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) to be within the range of 20-25% and the water content to be about 60%.

And thirdly, inserting a thermometer and a hygrometer into the compost from an observation port 2 formed in the compost pile 3, and measuring the temperature and humidity changes in the compost in real time.

Turning the pile once every week, and adding water according to needs during turning;

and fifthly, the compost is close to the decomposing period, and the compost temperature is maintained between 25 and 30 ℃.

The utility model uses agricultural solid waste (crop straws, weeds, leaves, peat, garbage, other waste and the like) and urban greening garbage (pruned branches and leaves) as main raw materials, a composting system provides oxygen, monitors temperature and humidity, and forms an organic fertilizer through microbial degradation. The fertilizer contains rich nutrient substances, has long and stable fertilizer effect, is beneficial to promoting the formation of a soil solid particle structure, can increase the water-retaining, heat-insulating, air-permeable and fertilizer-retaining capabilities of soil, and can overcome the defects of soil hardening and water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining performance reduction caused by long-term single use of the fertilizer when being mixed with the fertilizer. By monitoring the temperature and the moisture, the stack turning is carried out in time, and the oxygen concentration and the moisture content in the stack body are guaranteed to meet the requirements of microorganisms. The method mainly utilizes the action of various microorganisms to mineralize, humate and make harmless the organic residues of plants, so that various complex organic nutrients are converted into soluble nutrients and humus, and meanwhile, pathogenic bacteria, worm eggs and weed seeds brought by raw materials are killed by utilizing the high temperature (55-70 ℃) generated during accumulation, thereby achieving the purpose of making harmless.

Claims

1. A simple and efficient ecological composting system is characterized in that: the composting device comprises an oxygen supply pipe (1), a composting pile (3) and a pallet (5), wherein the composting pile (3) is placed on the pallet (5), the oxygen supply pipe (1) arranged on the pallet (5) is arranged in the composting pile (3), and compost is arranged between the oxygen supply pipe (1) and the composting pile (3); the oxygen supply pipe (1) is communicated with the inside of the pallet (5), the inside of the pallet (5) is communicated with the external environment, the oxygen supply pipe (1) is provided with an air vent for enabling the inside of the compost to be communicated with the external environment air, and the upper surface of the pallet (5) is provided with an air vent for supplying oxygen to the bottom of the compost; and the compost pile (3) is provided with an observation port (2) for measuring temperature and humidity and taking samples.

2. The simple and efficient ecological composting system of claim 1, wherein: compost stake (3) are enclosed by the wire netting convenient to ventilate, have seted up a plurality ofly on this wire netting viewing aperture (2), and the thermometer of measurement temperature takes into account the hygrometer of measuring humidity and is inserted in the compost by viewing aperture (2) respectively.

3. The simple and efficient ecological composting system of claim 2, wherein: the observation port (2) is rectangular.

4. The simple and efficient ecological composting system of claim 2, wherein: the composting pile (3) formed by enclosing the wire netting is a cylinder, and the cylinder is collinear with the axial center line of the oxygen supply pipe (1).

5. The simple and efficient ecological composting system of claim 1, wherein: the oxygen supply pipe (1) is provided with a plurality of layers of vent holes along the axial direction, and each layer of vent hole is uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the oxygen supply pipe (1).

6. The simple and efficient ecological composting system of claim 1, wherein: the vent holes formed in the upper surface of the pallet (5) are located in the inner side of the compost pile (3) or located in the inner side and the outer side of the compost pile (3).