CN103553738A - Movable composting equipment and compositing method - Google Patents
Movable composting equipment and compositing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103553738A CN103553738A CN201310533624.5A CN201310533624A CN103553738A CN 103553738 A CN103553738 A CN 103553738A CN 201310533624 A CN201310533624 A CN 201310533624A CN 103553738 A CN103553738 A CN 103553738A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of fertilizer production, and particularly relates to movable composting equipment and a compositing method. The movable composting equipment comprises a movable master control box, a monitoring unit and a cover film, wherein a control unit and a draught fan connected to the control unit are arranged in the master control box, and a ventilating pipeline is also arranged at the outer side of the master control box and is connected to the draught fan; the monitoring unit is connected to the control unit. The movable composting equipment is free of geographical limitations due to the adoption of the movable box and can be moved at any time according to the requirements of composting sites; the implementation process is simple; composting workshops are not needed, so that the investment is saved; the equipment is simple to operate, basically maintenance-free and low in maintenance cost; the movable composting equipment can dynamically control the oxygen supply in real time according to the temperature and the oxygen content of each part in a compost and is low in power consumption and high in treatment efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fertilizer production, specifically a kind of packaged type composting arrangement and compost method.
Background technology
Past 30Duo Nian， China chemical fertilizer, especially chemical nitrogen fertilizer are used too much, so that soil has occurred such as degradation problem under acidifying, the uneven supply of nutrient, biological activity of soil.Scientific research is found, long-term single nitrogen fertilizer application, not only make physicochemical character and the microflora of farmland ecological environment, soil be subject to destruction in various degree, also make crop pest increase, the potentially contaminated of agroecological environment increases, arable soil ecological functions reduce the useful nematode population of ，30Nian Lai China soil and drop to 500 from 3000～5000, per kilogram soil, and earthworm quantity sharply reduces.
And domestic and foreign experience fully proves, fertilizer can fertilizing soil, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, guarantee crop yield.Soil organic matter content is an important indicator weighing soil fertility, is the basic substance of soil fertility.The soil organism directly affects nutrient preserving capability, water-retentivity, resiliency and the aeration status etc. of soil.And in all kinds of organic manure resources conventionally containing organic more than 60%, nitrogenous 2.5%, phosphorous more than 2%, the not good source of manure still, or good soil improvement agent.
According to plant nutrition dean professor Xu Yangchun of Agricultural University Of Nanjing introduction, by applying organic manure material, popularization straw-returning, recovery green manuring, adhering to applying fertilizers scientifically combines with culture fertility, can obviously promote farmland quality, ensures farm crop high and stable yields, improves quality.Applying organic manure, quality of vegetable just can be seen improvement as tomato this season.Enrich 3 years, the field crop quality improvings such as corn, paddy rice are obvious.
At present, during China ploughs, 80% area nitrogen stress, 50% lacks phosphorus, 30% potassium deficiency, some soil soil organic matter content less than 1%, therefore will play vital effect at Chinese application of organic fertilizers for the sub-health status that improves soil.First, soil total quality declines, and culture fertility organic manure resource must be used; Secondly, due to long-term application macroelement fertilizer, cause Trace Elements in Soil to lack, the reasonable area of economic condition particularly, the using of a large amount of high-concentration fertilizers, composite fertilizer, potash fertilizer, soil enrichment nutrient is serious, and middle trace element runs off serious.Fertilizer is rich in various trace elements, can make up well the deficiency of chemical fertilizer application.
Fertilizer and chemical fertilizer be collaborative to be used is the most popular, the progress of fertilizer research field the most rapidly over more than 20 year, is also the elementary path applying fertilizers scientifically.Collaborative the using of chemical fertilizer and fertilizer not only can be improved fertilizing soil, raising crop yield, and can improve product quality, raising utilization rate of fertilizer.A large amount of field tests that the mechanisms such as the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have carried out in various places since the eighties from eighties of last century show that fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer compounding application all have unusual effect on all kinds soil and various crop.
China's organic fertilizer resource is a lot, as feces of livestock and poultry, stalk, garden garbage etc., if properly do not utilized, not only waste resource, also can if can be produced into organic commercial fertilizer, be applied to soil to environment, to improving the current sub-health state of China's soil, guarantee agriculture healthy and sustainable development, there is important and far-reaching meaning.
At present, compost is to utilize animals and plants remains and the movement contain fertilizer component, adds earth and mineral substance mixed-stacking, under high temperature, how wet condition, becomes thoroughly decomposed by fermentation, microorganism decomposition and a kind of organic fertilizer of making.
What composting technology mainly comprised dynamic compost, static compost and the employing of reactor compost San Lei， China at present is mainly dynamic storehouse formula composting process and dynamic bar buttress formula composting process.Dynamically the storehouse formula composting technology Yi Ji SACT of section composting process is representative, the main mechanical system that relies on realizes the automatic warehouse entry of material, overturning, aeration, have that level of automation is high, safe and reliable, discharging quality high, but system is comparatively complicated, design level is had relatively high expectations, and the device processes amount of using is at present less, processing efficiency is lower.
Dynamically bar buttress formula composting technology be take ground composting process as representative, mainly relies on dynamical turning device, at a high speed, in a large number, continuously fermentation materials is carried out to overturning oxygenation, have the advantages that system is simple, efficient, treatment capacity is large, but on-the-spot foul smell is larger.
The discharge of compost foul smell is contaminate environment not only, but also threatens the healthy of operating personnel.Current medium-sized or above compost project cannot accomplish that system is totally-enclosed, the especially automatization in aerobic fermentation material turnover storehouse, unmanned be the totally enclosed key point of whole system and difficult point.
The shortcoming of prior art: several composting arrangements of introducing are above all in the on-the-spot immobilized operation of compost, are all fixing one-time investments for place construction and investment.If carry out provisional compost, will cause the raising of cost, oxygenation is inhomogeneous, easily forms anaerobic zone; The discharge of compost foul smell is contaminate environment not only, but also threatens the healthy of operating personnel.
In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention has done useful improvement.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
The energy consumption that the object of the invention is to overcome traditional compost existence is high, and oxygenation is inhomogeneous, easily forms anaerobic zone problem.
(2) technical scheme
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a kind of packaged type composting arrangement, comprises packaged type Main Control Tank, monitoring means and mulch film; In described Main Control Tank, be provided with control unit and the blower fan being connected with this control unit, and be also provided with ventilator trunk outside this Main Control Tank, described ventilator trunk is connected with described blower fan; Described monitoring means is connected with described control unit.
Wherein, described control unit comprises micro-chip.
Further, described monitoring means comprises temperature sensor and oxygen sensor.
Particularly, described mulch film comprises upper, middle and lower-ranking structure, and wherein, upper strata is ultraviolet resistant layer, and middle layer is air-permeable layer; Lower floor is supporting layer.
Wherein, the material of described mulch film is tetrafluoroethylene.
Wherein, described packaged type Main Control Tank bottom is provided with wheel.
The present invention also comprises a kind of compost method that adopts packaged type composting arrangement as above, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1 is first laid on ground by the ventilator trunk being connected with blower fan, and material is laid on pipeline;
S2 covers mulch film fixing in heap surface; Control unit is monitored the parameter of heap in body in real time by monitoring means, and by blower fan to the oxygen supply of ventilating of described heap body;
After S3 has fermented, raise mulch film, material is sieved.
Wherein, further comprising the steps of in described step S2: the temperature sensor in monitoring means and oxygen sensor are inserted in described heap body, temperature parameter and oxygen content parameter are sent to control unit by cable, thereby temperature and the oxygen level monitored in described heap body change.
Further, in step S3, comprise the following steps: in described heap body, material is through too much week fermentation.
(3) beneficial effect
Compare with product with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1) the present invention adopts packaged type case body equipment, is not subject to regional limits, can be according to need to the moving at any time of compost, and implementation process is simple, does not need compost factory building, reduces investment outlay;
2) the present invention copies composting arrangement according to different scales, and design scale is flexible; Operation of equipment is simple, and substantially non-maintaining, maintenance cost is low;
3) running cost of the present invention is low: according to each position temperature and oxygen level in heap body, Real-time and Dynamic is controlled oxygen supply, and low in energy consumption, processing efficiency is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Main Control Tank of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is square frame syndeton schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is covered film structure figure of the present invention.
In accompanying drawing, the component list of each label representative is as follows:
1-Main Control Tank; 2-control unit; 3-blower fan; 4-ventilator trunk; 5-wheel; 6-monitoring means; 7-mulch film; 71-ultraviolet resistant layer, 72-air-permeable layer; 73-supporting layer; 8-flexible pipe.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is made a detailed explanation.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a kind of packaged type composting arrangement, comprises packaged type Main Control Tank 1, monitoring means 6 and mulch film; In described Main Control Tank 1, be provided with control unit 2 and the blower fan 3 being connected with this control unit, and this Main Control Tank 1 outside is also provided with ventilator trunk 4, described ventilator trunk 4 is connected by flexible pipe 8 with described blower fan 3; Described monitoring means 6 is connected by cable with described control unit 2.Main Control Tank 1 bottom is provided with wheel 5, can conveniently move, thereby Main Control Tank can be removable according to the needs of compost, is not subject to the restriction of region.Ventilator trunk 4 can be assembled on Main Control Tank easily, also can for convenience detach get off.Control unit 2 can adopt micro-chip as treater, the monitoring data that monitoring means is passed back is analyzed and is processed, and according to monitoring data, control the start and stop of blower fan, and by the time of ventilating, control the content of oxygen, avoid piling and in body, occur oxygenation non-uniform phenomenon.
Wherein, described monitoring means 6 comprises temperature sensor and oxygen sensor etc., temperature sensor and oxygen sensor to be inserted in heap body, by temperature sensor and oxygen sensor, monitor in real time the variation of temperature and oxygen in heap body, and the micro-chip that the data that record are sent to control unit is processed.Certainly, monitoring means also can comprise humidity sensor and carbon dioxide content sensor, the on-site parameters of the more heap bodies of Real-Time Monitoring.
Further, as shown in Figure 3, mulch film comprises upper, middle and lower-ranking structure, and wherein, upper strata is ultraviolet resistant layer 71; Middle layer is air-permeable layer 72, but this air-permeable layer waterproof; Lower floor is supporting layer 73.The material of this mulch film preferably adopts tetrafluoroethylene.Described mulch film main raw is tetrafluoroethylene, and surface has the function of antiultraviolet.In addition, this mulch film can prevent leaking of smell, dust, bacterium etc., avoids producing the problem of foul smell.Cardinal principle is: in composting process, produce a large amount of heat, due to the temperature difference of heap inside and outside, on heap body mulch film internal membrane surface, form water membrane, the odorous gas such as the ammonia producing in composting process, hydrogen sulfide can be dissolved and are back in heap body again.Ammonia is dissolved in the source of water as fertilizer sources nitrogen element, remaining as the percolate discharge in composting process.
In the present embodiment, adopt above-mentioned portable composting arrangement to carry out the method for compost, specifically comprise the following steps:
S1 is first laid on ground by the ventilator trunk being connected with blower fan, and material is laid on pipeline;
S2 bank to require height time, in heap surface, cover mulch film fixing; Control unit is monitored on-site parameters in heap body in real time by monitoring means, and on-site parameters is sent back to control unit.Control unit carries out analyzing and processing to this on-site parameters, according to the handling procedure being provided with in control unit, by blower fan, described heap body is carried out to Ventilation Control; Can extend or shorten the working hour of blower fan, thereby strengthen or reduce, to heap body air quantity, the oxygen-supplying amount in heap body be controlled.Wherein, monitoring means comprises temperature sensor and oxygen sensor etc., temperature sensor in monitoring means and oxygen sensor need to be inserted in described heap body, temperature parameter and oxygen content parameter are sent to control unit by cable, thereby temperature and the oxygen level monitored in described heap body change.
S3 is under suitable oxygen supply and adequate moisture condition, through completing fermentation several weeks; After having fermented, raise mulch film, material is sieved.
Packaged type composting arrangement in the present embodiment is finished after compost project at the three unities, composting arrangement separately can be deposited, and is transported to another project place and carries out compost.
Above embodiment is only for illustrating the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a packaged type composting arrangement, is characterized in that, comprises packaged type Main Control Tank, monitoring means and mulch film; In described Main Control Tank, be provided with control unit and the blower fan being connected with this control unit, and be also provided with ventilator trunk outside this Main Control Tank, described ventilator trunk is connected with described blower fan; Described monitoring means is connected with described control unit.
2. packaged type composting arrangement according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described control unit comprises micro-chip.
3. packaged type composting arrangement according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described monitoring means comprises temperature sensor and oxygen sensor.
4. packaged type composting arrangement according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described mulch film comprises upper, middle and lower-ranking structure, and wherein, upper strata is ultraviolet resistant layer, and middle layer is air-permeable layer; Lower floor is supporting layer.
5. packaged type composting arrangement according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the material of described mulch film is tetrafluoroethylene.
6. according to the said packaged type composting arrangement of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described packaged type Main Control Tank bottom is provided with wheel.
7. a compost method for the packaged type composting arrangement of employing as described in claim 1-6 any one, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1 is first laid on ground by the ventilator trunk being connected with blower fan, and material is laid on pipeline;
S2 covers mulch film fixing in heap surface; Control unit is monitored the parameter of heap in body in real time by monitoring means, and by blower fan to the oxygen supply of ventilating of described heap body;
After S3 has fermented, raise mulch film, material is sieved.
8. compost method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of in described step S2: the temperature sensor in monitoring means and oxygen sensor are inserted in described heap body, temperature parameter and oxygen content parameter are sent to control unit by cable, thereby temperature and the oxygen level monitored in described heap body change.
9. according to the said compost method of claim 7, it is characterized in that, in step S3, comprise the following steps: in described heap body, material is through too much week fermentation.
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| CN201310533624.5A CN103553738A (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2013-10-31 | Movable composting equipment and compositing method |
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| CN201310533624.5A CN103553738A (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2013-10-31 | Movable composting equipment and compositing method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104150993A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-19 | 杨健 | Treatment method of organic matters in garbage aerobic fermentation system and household garbage |
| CN105036838A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-11-11 | 中国农业大学 | Energy-saving, environment-friendly and efficient aerobic composting system |
| CN105130515A (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2015-12-09 | 中国中材国际工程股份有限公司 | Aerobic fermentation drying dehydration method for co-processing of life garbage with cement kiln |
| CN109206166A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-01-15 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of static compost method of harmless treatment cow dung |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1437568A (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2003-08-20 | 纳幕尔杜邦公司 | Composting system |
| CN102260105A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2011-11-30 | 北京师范大学 | Mobile compost processing device for road plant waste |
| CN102924146A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-02-13 | 北京科技大学 | Movable rotary drum type compost reactor |
-
2013
- 2013-10-31 CN CN201310533624.5A patent/CN103553738A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1437568A (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2003-08-20 | 纳幕尔杜邦公司 | Composting system |
| CN102260105A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2011-11-30 | 北京师范大学 | Mobile compost processing device for road plant waste |
| CN102924146A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-02-13 | 北京科技大学 | Movable rotary drum type compost reactor |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104150993A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-19 | 杨健 | Treatment method of organic matters in garbage aerobic fermentation system and household garbage |
| CN105036838A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-11-11 | 中国农业大学 | Energy-saving, environment-friendly and efficient aerobic composting system |
| CN105036838B (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2018-08-14 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of energy-saving, environment-friendly and high-efficiency type aerobic composting system |
| CN105130515A (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2015-12-09 | 中国中材国际工程股份有限公司 | Aerobic fermentation drying dehydration method for co-processing of life garbage with cement kiln |
| CN109206166A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-01-15 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of static compost method of harmless treatment cow dung |
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Application publication date: 20140205 |