CN210354877U - 可释放药物的植入物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型提供了一种可释放药物的植入物,包括用于对手术部位进行固定的植入物,所述植入物中设有存放药物的药物空腔,所述药物空腔中注入有液态的药物,所述植入物中还设有微管道,微管道贯通药物空腔及植入物的表面,药物空腔中的药物通过微管道缓慢释放至手术部位。植入物能够对手术部位(骨折部位)的骨骼进行有效的固定,手术完成后,植入物内设置的药物空腔内的药物通过微管道缓释至骨折部位,实现局部施药以减少口服用药,降低了骨折患者的医疗费用及心理压力,提高了装置的实用性。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型涉及医疗用具的技术领域,具体来说是一种可释放药物的植入物,以及该种植入物的制造及使用方法。
背景技术
目前,人体骨骼产生骨折后,可以利用外固定方式及内固定方式作治疗。但当骨折损伤严重、断端极其不稳定时,打石膏、支具这种外固定方式可能会引起骨折部位再移位,这时只能利用内固定方式作治疗内固定方式作治疗。目前内固定方式是要视乎病患者的情况,可以利用骨髓内金属骨钉,以金属骨钉植入骨髓位置来作治疗骨折的固定物,并通过骨螺钉的方式进行固定在骨折的骨骼上;或利用金属骨板(骨科夹板)及骨螺钉来作治疗骨折的固定物,采用金属骨板上的穿孔,在通过骨螺钉的方式进行固定在骨折的骨骼上。这样既要对骨折部位的骨头进行钻孔,钻孔完毕后用一件或多的金属骨板将骨骼接上,然后再利用螺钉将金属骨板固定。待到骨折部位的骨骼愈合后,按情况决定是否将金属骨钉或金属骨板和螺钉取出。由于需要采用手术的关系,特别在手术后24至48小时,骨折的位置痛楚往往特别严重、亦有机会发炎。其痛楚不但是由伤口引发,亦有心理因素影响,以至影响骨折患者康复进度,一般只能采用内用药物来止痛及辅助治疗。而内用药物不能避免全身用药,不能满足广大患者的迫切需求。
实用新型内容
针对上述现有技术的不足,本实用新型提供一种固定方便且增加治疗成效,如止痛、消炎、修复、癌症治疗等,同时具有对骨折部位进行局部施药的可释放药物的植入物。
本实用新型是这样实现上述目的的:
可释放药物的植入物,为用于植入至手术部位的植入物,所述植入物中设有存放药物的药物空腔,所述药物空腔中注入有液态的药物,所述植入物中还设有微管道,微管道贯通药物空腔及植入物的表面,药物空腔中的药物通过微管道缓慢释放至手术部位。
其中,所述微管道为在植入物与药物空腔之间壁体设置的多孔结构。
其中,所述微管道为在植入物与药物空腔之间壁体设置的网状结构。
其中,所述植入物设有用于将植入物与手术部位进行固定的螺钉安装孔,有锁紧螺钉穿过螺钉安装孔与手术部位固定连接。
本实用新型的有益效果:植入物能够对手术部位(骨折部位)的骨骼进行有效的固定,手术完成后,植入物内设置的药物空腔内的药物通过微管道缓释至骨折部位,实现局部施药以减少口服用药,降低了骨折患者的医疗费用及心理压力,提高了装置的实用性。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本实用新型进一步说明:
图1是本实用新型的俯视图;
图2是本实用新型的左视图;
图3是本实用新型的截面图;
图4是微管道一种实施例的示意图;
图5是微管道另一种实施例的示意图。
图中,1. 植入物;2. 药物空腔;3. 微管道;4. 螺钉安装孔。
具体实施方式
如图1至图3所示,可释放药物的植入物,包括用于对手术部位进行固定的植入物1,所述植入物1中设有存放药物的药物空腔2,所述药物空腔2中注入有液态的药物,所述植入物1中还设有微管道3,微管道3贯通药物空腔2及植入物1的表面,药物空腔2中的药物通过微管道3缓慢释放至手术部位。植入物1能够对手术部位(骨折部位)的骨骼进行有效的固定,手术完成后,植入物1内设置的药物空腔2内的药物通过微管道3缓释至骨折部位,实现局部施药以减少口服用药,降低了骨折患者的医疗费用及心理压力,提高了装置的实用性。
为便于药物空腔2中药物的释出,微管道3可以采用多种结构实现,一是在植入物1与药物空腔2之间壁体设置的多孔结构,参照图4,另一是为在植入物1与药物空腔2之间壁体设置的网状结构,参照图5。
所述植入物1可以为多种用于固定骨折部位骨骼的器件,包括骨板、骨钉(即锁紧螺钉)等等。其中骨板用于对骨折部位进行接驳及固定的器件,骨钉则是用于钉入至骨骼部位实现骨骼之间或者骨板与骨骼之间进行连接的器件。上述两者皆可在其内设置药物空腔2,并将药物存放于其中以便术后缓释至骨折部位。一般而言,骨板整体尺寸较大,因此其可设置的药物空腔2也较大,同时还设置有螺钉安装孔,通过锁紧螺钉,即骨钉等固定到骨骼部位。骨钉的尺寸较小,只会设置较小的药物空腔2,包括骨髓钉和骨螺钉等等。
下面以骨板为例,详细对制作步骤及使用方法等进行说明。
由于不同部位的骨折骨骼的轮廓及需要固定的部位都有所不同,为了使骨板能够更好的与骨折部位进行适配以达到最理想的手术效果。骨板的制作采用以下步骤完成:首先通过X光机或核磁共振成像设备获取手术部位的骨骼轮廓数据,然后根据骨骼轮廓数据计算生成骨板的结构数据,并可以通过计算机形成骨板的三维模型,骨板的壁厚可为0.2~2mm;同时,每个手术根据实际情况,所需要的药物剂量都有所不同,而且对药物的释放位置等也会有所不同,为此依据上述情况可通过计算获得药物空腔2的容积并根据骨板的结构数据设计药物空腔2及微管道3的结构数据,药物空腔2的容量一般为0.1~10ml,药物空腔2於骨板之间的体积比为20%~80%,并可以通过计算机形成最终的骨板三维模型;最后通过三维打印方式根据骨板、药物空腔2及微管道3的结构数据制造骨板。所述骨板或锁紧螺钉采用医疗级的金属作为制造原料,金属具有延展性及可屈曲性,以配合骨骼不同位置的弧度,具体的金属材料包括有医疗级的不锈钢、钴合金或钛合金。骨板有主要两个表面,一个是朝向骨骼的表面,另一个是朝向肌肉表面;其中朝向骨骼的表面光滑且具有贴合骨骼的弧面,骨板中轴位置设有多组锁紧螺钉的孔,可以利用锁紧螺钉将骨板固定于骨折的骨骼上。
可释放药物的骨板的使用方法,于手术前,将骨板及锁紧螺钉进行消毒,以防止细菌或病毒感染;然后,对手术部位进行麻醉消毒并对手术部位进行解剖;将骨板安装至手术部位并调节骨板以使其配合手术部位的骨骼弧度,然后通过锁紧螺钉将骨板与手术部位的进行固定;骨板与药物空腔2之间壁体设有注入孔,所述药物通过注射器由注入孔注入到药物空腔2中,然后将注入孔封闭;对手术部位进行缝合。通过人体体液、细微管作用、渗透作用及扩散作用下,药物空腔2中的药物要求在术后的24~28小时内释放至手术部位,以此降低骨折患者痛苦,同时可以对骨折部位实现局部施药以减少口服用药。关于上述使用方法提及的使用注入式向药物空腔2加注药物,还可以使用渗透式方法,如将骨板浸入药物浴中,药物通过微管道3渗入至药物空腔2中。另外,为了加快药物的深入速度,还可以将药物空腔2设置为真空状态并将骨板浸入药物浴中,药物在负压作用下通过微管道3渗入药物空腔2中。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本实用新型所作进一步详细说明,不能认定本实用新型的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本实用新型所属技术领域的普通人员来说,在不脱离本实用新型构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本实用新型的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.可释放药物的植入物,其特征在于:为用于植入至手术部位的植入物(1),所述植入物(1)中设有存放药物的药物空腔(2),所述药物空腔(2)中注入有液态的药物,所述植入物(1)中还设有微管道(3),微管道(3)贯通药物空腔(2)及植入物(1)的表面,药物空腔(2)中的药物通过微管道(3)缓慢释放至手术部位。
2.根据权利要求 1 所述的可释放药物的植入物,其特征在于:所述微管道(3)为在植入物(1)与药物空腔(2)之间壁体设置的多孔结构。
3.根据权利要求 1 所述的可释放药物的植入物,其特征在于:所述微管道(3)为在植入物(1)与药物空腔(2)之间壁体设置的网状结构。
4.根据权利要求 1 所述的可释放药物的植入物,其特征在于:所述植入物(1)设有用于将植入物(1)与手术部位进行固定的螺钉安装孔(4),有锁紧螺钉穿过螺钉安装孔(4)与手术部位固定连接。
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CN110916735B (zh) * | 2019-11-26 | 2021-09-03 | 杭州电子科技大学 | 一种可降解生物活性螺钉及其制造方法 |
US20220126074A1 (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2022-04-28 | University Of Oregon | Encapsulation devices and methods of use |
CN112169066B (zh) * | 2020-10-29 | 2023-05-12 | 安徽省立医院(中国科学技术大学附属第一医院) | 具有控制器的连续缓释给药留置管 |
CN114504719A (zh) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-17 | 南充市中心医院 | 一种具有止痛功能的抗菌输尿管支架管 |
CN114601602B (zh) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-30 | 北京理贝尔生物工程研究所有限公司 | 植入假体 |
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CN110151290A (zh) | 2019-08-23 |
EP3753530A1 (en) | 2020-12-23 |
EP3753530A4 (en) | 2021-12-08 |
SG11202007650QA (en) | 2020-09-29 |
KR102531463B1 (ko) | 2023-05-10 |
JP3230574U (ja) | 2021-02-12 |
US20210008358A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
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AU2019218690A1 (en) | 2020-09-10 |
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