CN206217790U - 汽车的内衬元件 - Google Patents

汽车的内衬元件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN206217790U
CN206217790U CN201621155374.1U CN201621155374U CN206217790U CN 206217790 U CN206217790 U CN 206217790U CN 201621155374 U CN201621155374 U CN 201621155374U CN 206217790 U CN206217790 U CN 206217790U
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layer
decorative layer
semitransparent
opening
liner element
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戈德弗鲁瓦·博
若弗鲁瓦·托帕特
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Faurecia Interieur Industrie SAS
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Faurecia Interieur Industrie SAS
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    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • B44C5/043—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers containing wooden elements
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Abstract

本实用新型提供一种汽车内衬元件(1)。该汽车内衬元件包括：装饰层(8)，其包括至少一个木质材料层(16)，该装饰层具有前表面(22)和后表面(24)；以及半透明层(10)，并且，装饰层的一部分具有挖空部分，以便形成一个在所述装饰层的通向前表面和后表面的开口(20)，所述半透明层的一个表面被施加在所述装饰层的一个表面上，所述半透明层具有一个完全覆盖所述开口的中央部分(30)和抵靠所述装饰层在所述开口的轮廓(26)上的外周部分(32)，通过在所述装饰层和所述半透明层之间施加压力，所述半透明层的一部分插入到所述开口中，所述半透明层的外周部分仍然抵靠所述装饰层在所述开口的轮廓(26)上。

Description

汽车的内衬元件
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种汽车内衬元件。
背景技术
在一个内衬元件中，可以期望获得该装饰层的被照亮的前表面以便在这里显示一些信息，可以期望散射环境光线或者赋予该内衬元件特别的美学特征。在这种情况下，期望该光源位于该装饰层的后面的侧面以便该光源从该内衬元件的外面不可见并且该光源能够容易地集成到一个结构中，在该结构上设有内衬元件。因此称为向后照明的内衬元件。
然而，这样的向后照明在该装饰层不是半透明时很难实施，例如当该装饰层用木质材料如木头材料实施时。
在这种情况中，已知在所述装饰层上穿孔以便光线从所述穿孔穿过该装饰层。然而这样的穿孔并不令人满意，因为它们有害于该装饰层的外表。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的之一是通过提出一种生产具有满意的外观并且其装饰层可以局部向后照明的内衬元件的方法，解决所述缺陷。
本实用新型的第一方案的汽车的内衬元件包括：装饰层，其包括至少一个木质材料层，该装饰层具有前表面和后表面；以及半透明层，所述汽车的内衬元件的特征在于，装饰层的一部分具有挖空部分，以便形成一个在所述装饰层的通向前表面和后表面的开口，所述半透明层的一个表面被施加在所述装饰层的一个表面上，所述半透明层具有一个完全覆盖所述开口的中央部分和抵靠所述装饰层在所述开口的轮廓上的外周部分，通过在所述装饰层和所述半透明层之间施加压力，所述半透明层的一部分插入到所述开口中，所述半透明层的外周部分仍然抵靠所述装饰层在所述开口的轮廓上。
本实用新型的第二方案的汽车的内衬元件，其特征在于，所述装饰层的前表面用于从所述汽车的驾驶室可见，所述半透明层施加到该装饰层的前表面上。
本实用新型的第三方案的汽车的内衬元件，其特征在于，所述半透明层在所述装饰层的后表面上延伸。
本实用新型的第四方案的汽车的内衬元件，其特征在于，还包括一个插入件，所述插入件施加在所述装饰层的前表面上，所述插入件具有完全覆盖所述开口的中央部分和抵靠所述装饰层在所述开口的轮廓上的外周部分，通过在所述插入件和所述装饰层之间施加一个压力，所述插入件的一部分插入到所述开口中，而所述插入件的外周部分仍然抵靠所述装饰层在所述开口的轮廓上。
本实用新型的第五方案的汽车的内衬元件，其特征在于，所述半透明层具有与所述装饰层相同厚度的厚度。
本实用新型的第六方案的汽车的内衬元件，其特征在于，包括通过将一种注射材料注射到所述装饰层的后表面侧面实施的支撑件。
本实用新型的第七方案的汽车的内衬元件，其特征在于，在所述开口中的所述半透明层的部分包括浮雕型图案。
本实用新型的第八方案的汽车的内衬元件，其特征在于，所述装饰层能够在所述半透明层的一部分插入到所述开口中时不断裂地变形。
本实用新型的第九方案的汽车的内衬元件，其特征在于，所述半透明层能够在所述半透明层的一部分插入到该开口中时不断裂地变形。
另外，本实用新型涉及一种上述类型生产方法，其特征在于，该方法还包括下述步骤：挖空该装饰层的一部分以便构成一个通到该装饰层的前表面和后表面的开口；将所述半透明层施加在该装饰层的一个表面上，所述半透明层具有覆盖了所述开口的中央部分和抵靠该装饰层在所述开口轮廓上的外周部分；通过在所述装饰层和所述半透明层之间施加压力，将所述半透明层的一部分插入到所述开口中，所述外周部分仍然支撑该装饰层。
通过施加压力将该半透明层定位并且插入到所述木质材料层中改进了该内衬元件的外观和质地。此外，该半透明层允许穿过该装饰层发射光线。
根据本实用新型的所述生产方法的其他特征：所述装饰层的前表面用于从所述汽车的驾驶室可见，所述半透明层施加到该装饰层的前表面上。
该半透明层在该装饰层的后表面上实施；该方法还包括下述步骤：施加一个插入件，所述插入件施加在该装饰层的前表面上，所述插入件具有完全覆盖所述开口的中央部分和抵靠所述装饰层在该开口的轮廓上的外周部分，通过在所述插入件和该装饰层之间施加一个压力，该插入件的一部分插入到所述开口中，而该插入件的外周部分仍然抵靠该装饰层在该开口的轮廓上；所述半透明层具有与所述装饰层相同厚度的厚度。
通过将一种注射材料注射到该装饰层的后表面侧面实施的支撑件。
所述插入步骤用成型工具实施，该成型工具具有浮雕图案，所述开口中的半透明层的部分在插入步骤过程中形成所述图案，在该插入步骤过程中，所述装饰层能够不断裂的变形。
在该插入步骤过程中，该半透明层能够不断裂的变形。
本实用新型还涉及一种汽车内衬元件，该内衬元件包括装饰层，所述装饰层包括至少一个木质材料层，该内衬元件通过上述方法实施。
附图说明
本实用新型的其他特征、细节和优点将从下面根据附图的间接示范性给出的详细描述而清楚地得出，附图包括：
图1简示出了根据第一实施例的内车元件的一部分的剖视图；
图2示出了图1的内衬元件生产方法的步骤；
图3示出了根据第二实施例的内衬元件的生产方的步骤；
图4示出了根据第二实施例的内衬元件的一部分的剖视图；
图5示出了根据第三实施例一种内衬元件的生产方法的步骤；
图6显示了根据第三实施例的内衬元件的一部分的剖视图；
图7显示了根据第四实施例的内衬元件生产方法的步骤；
图8显示了根据第四实施例的内衬元件的一部分的剖视图；
图9显示了根据第五实施例的内衬元件的一部分的剖视图。
具体实施方式
在所述附图中，术语“内部”和“外部”是当所述内衬元件设置在汽车中时相对该内衬元件的取向定义的，术语“内部”是指朝向汽车车身并且不被汽车乘客可见。术语“外部”是指朝向汽车驾驶室内部。该术语“前部”是指朝向外部的元件的侧面，术语“后部”是指朝向内部的元件的侧面。
下面，光线在可见领域，即包括其波长总体上在380纳米-780纳米之间的电磁波。在下面，术语“半透明”是指穿透光线的本体，即具有5％-100％之间光线穿过率。术语“不透明”是指几乎或者完全不让光线穿过的本体，即具有低于5％光线通过率，甚至接近0％的光线通过率的物体。术语“透明”是指通过折射让光线穿过的本体，并且穿过所述本体可以直接看到物体，即所述本体具有接近100％光线通过率。
如图1所示的内衬元件例如是一种仪表板、门板、中央控制面板、内衬板或者其他汽车元件的本体。该内衬元件1的外表面用于从车的驾驶室2可见。
根据图1的实施例，该内衬元件1从外部向内部包括：覆盖层4，包括装饰层8和半透明层10的外观层6，半透明支撑件12和光源14。可以理解到该内衬元件1可以包括更多或者更少的层，只有包括包括装饰层8和半透明层10的外观层6是本实用新型的核心。
所述外观层6具有待实施的内衬元件1的形状，其例如是不可展开的表面的复杂三维形状。
根据本实用新型，该装饰层8包括木质材料层16和加强层18。此外，该装饰层6限定了贯通开口20，其中插入了半透明层10的一部分，正如下面将要描述的。
该装饰层8具有前表面22和后表面24。所述前表面22用于朝向汽车的驾驶室2，所述后表面24用于朝向汽车壳体。
该木质材料层16例如包括天然木头的层或者叠放的木层或者重构层。该木质材料层16具有前表面和后表面。该木质材料层14的前表面构成了朝向驾驶室2的装饰层8的前表面。
所述木质材料层16足够细以便具有一定的柔韧性并且因此能够实施为三维形状。此外，如图1和2所示，该木质材料层16足够柔韧以便不断裂地变形从而允许将该半透明层10的一部分插入到该开口20中，正如后面将要描述的那样。
木质材料层16具有远离所述开口20的足够厚度以便大致不透明。该木质材料层16例如具有在所述木质材料层16的前表面和后表面之间测量的厚度e，处于0.2毫米-0.8毫米。在这个厚度范围内，所述木质材料层16根据木质材料的性质和/或者可能的纹理是足够厚的，从而具有小于或者等于5％的光线通过率。
加强层18在该木质材料层16的后表面上延伸。所述加强层18设置在该支撑件12上。该加强层18保证了该支撑件12和该木质材料层16的粘合。所述加强层18例如粘合在该木质材料层16上。
该加强层18允许加强所述木质材料层并且避免了在该同一层中在变形区域内的断裂和/或者裂纹的形成，在所述变形区域中，该木质材料层16通过插入所述不透明层而变形。此外，该加强层18还允许赋予该装饰层一些柔韧性以便允许形成内衬元件1。另外，该加强元件18由柔韧材料形成。柔韧是指该加强层18不是刚性的并且可以成形。该加强层18的材料例如是织造或者非织造的纺织材料，或者是纸或者硬纸板或者是塑料薄膜。
另外，该装饰层8可以通过切割工具被挖空以便形成开口20并且能够在插入所述半透明层10时变形。
所述开口20由在所述装饰层8上的轮廓26限定。例如所述开口20具有矩形形状、圆形形状或者其他形状并且穿过该装饰层8，即它在前表面22和后表面24上是打开的。
在图1的实施例中，在轮廓26的位置，该装饰层8具有肩部28。在图1的实施例中，该肩部28从后表面24的侧面的装饰层8的其余部分突出延伸。
半透明层10具有完全覆盖该开口20的中央部分30和抵靠该装饰层8在该开口20的轮廓26上的外周部分32。
所述外周部分32和肩部28形成了在该半透明层10和装饰层8之间的覆盖区域。所述肩部28贴合该半透明层10的外周部分32的形状。
在所述半透明层10和装饰层8之间的覆盖区域处，该外观层6的厚度等于该装饰层8的厚度和该半透明层10的厚度之和。
在所述实施例中，该半透明层10包括半透明主要层36和半透明加强层38。
在图1所示的内衬元件1中，该主要层36的前表面在该装饰层8的前表面22的连续处延伸。
最好，该半透明层10具有与该装饰层8相同的厚度。
例如，该主要层36包括木质材料。然而该主要层36的厚度根据其本质和其可能纹理是这样的：使得该主要层30具有大于或者等于5％的光线通过率。例如该主要层36的厚度为0.1毫米-0.4毫米。
可变地，该主要层36是用半透明合成材料，例如聚甲基丙烯酸酯(PMMA)或者聚碳酸酯(PC)实施。
该半透明支撑层38在该半透明层10的主要层36的后表面上延伸。所述半透明加强层38设置在该支撑件12上。该半透明加强层38保证了该支撑件12和该主要层36之间的粘结。该半透明加强层38例如粘结到该主要层36上。
该半透明加强层38允许加强该主要层36并且避免在该相同层在覆盖区域34中形成断裂和/或者裂纹。所述加强层38的材料例如是织造或者非织造的纺织材料或者纸质材料或者硬纸板或者塑料薄膜。另外，在图1和2的实施例中，该半透明加强层38设置用于防止在形成内衬元件1时该半透明层的变形。
该覆盖层4的功能是保护所述外观层6例如防止能导致该木质材料层16老化的紫外线。另外，该覆盖层4是半透明的以便该木质材料层16和半透明层10从该驾驶室2可见。该覆盖层4例如是合成树脂，例如一种清漆，例如以可热硬化的材料，如聚氨酯漆或者其他，为基的清漆。该清漆覆盖层4可以是例如高亮度聚氨酯漆。该覆盖层4可以是染色的、半透明的或者透明的。
该支撑件12在所述加强层18和半透明层的后表面上延伸。所述支撑件12是半透明的。该支撑件12例如是用可注射到注射工具中的材料实施。该支撑件12例如大致是刚性的并且允许保持所述外观层6的形状并且刚化该内衬元件1。所述半透明支撑件12例如是用可注射塑料材料，例如通过纤维，特别是玻璃纤维强化或者非强化的PC，PC-ABS，聚酰胺实施的。在所述实例中，该支撑件例如描述在文件FR2991936中。
所述光源14设置在该装饰层8的后表面的侧面。该光源14例如设置在于所述装饰层8相对的半透明支撑件12的侧面。该光源例如固定在汽车的壳体上。所述光源可在照亮状态和熄灭状态之间变换。该光源14例如包括至少一个灯泡和/或者发光二极管。该光源14能够照亮该装饰层8的后表面24以便光线从该半透明层10穿过该装饰层8。光源14可以包括光线引导装置，例如一个或者多个光纤以便在该内衬元件1的表面上分布光线。
根据上述第一实施例的内衬元件1的生产方法将在下面描述。
提供一种未示出的切割工具。例如该切割工具是一种锯，一种冲头，一种激光等的切割工具。
提供一种注射工具70。该注射工具70包括图2实处的成形工具72.所述成型工具72包括在成形之后用于与该外观层6的前表面接触的第一模制部分74和第二模制部分76。所述模具的两个部分74,76形成了模制空腔78，所述模制空腔78具有待实施的内衬元件1的形状。
该注射工具70可以在该模制空腔78中施加300bar的压力。
提供一种上述的初始装饰层和半透明层10。初始装饰层与图1的装饰层的区别在于它不具有肩部28也不具有开口20。
所述装饰层8的一部分通过切割工具被挖空以便形成通向该装饰层8的前表面22和后表面24的开口20。
该半透明层10和该装饰层8设置在该注射工具70的模制空腔78中。
在图1和2所述第一实施例中，在该装饰层8的前表面22上施加了半透明层10的表面。
该半透明层10的中央部分30完全覆盖了所述开口20，改外周部分32抵靠该装饰层8在该开口20的轮廓26上。所述半透明层10的外周部分32例如在该开口20的轮廓26上粘合到该装饰层8上。
而且，在该注射工具中，在所述装饰层8和半透明层10之间施加了压力。该压力是通过装饰层8的后表面24施加的。在所述压力作用下，该半透明层10的一部分插入到所述开口20中，该半透明层10的外周部分32仍然抵靠该装饰层在该开口20的轮廓26上。同时，由于所述压力，该装饰层8不断裂地变形以便形成肩部28。
改第一模制部分74例如与该半透明层10的前表面接触。所述注射在该模具第二部分76和装饰层8的后表面之间的模制空腔78中进行。
例如，在将用于形成该支撑件的所述注射材料注射到该装饰层8的后表面24的侧面上的过程中施加该压力。
在所述半透明层10插入到该装饰层8中的步骤之后，该覆盖层4施加到该外观层6的前表面22上。该覆盖层4例如以流体形式施加然后受到热硬化步骤以便赋予其刚性。
该光源14相对该内衬元件1的其余部分设置以便光线通过所述半透明层10穿过该装饰层8。
在该第一实施例中，该半透明层10的整个前表面从驾驶室2是可见的。
当向后照明时，光线通过开口20经由该半透明层10显示在所述驾驶室2中。从该驾驶室2穿刺的孔的形状是开口20的形状。然而，所述孔在该覆盖区域34处并没有穿过，然后不透明的装饰层8的一部分为外周部分32。
根据第二实施例的内衬元件80显示在图3和4中。该内衬元件80不同于第一实施例的内衬元件1，区别点在于：该半透明层10施加在该装饰层8的后表面24上。
该半透明层10的外周部分32的前表面例如粘合到该装饰层8的后表面24上。
在该实施例中，所述半透明层10在所述插入过程中没有断裂地变形从而形成了肩部82。该半透明层10的所述肩部82贴合在该开口10的轮廓26上的装饰层8。另外，该装饰层8在该半透明层10插入的过程中并不变形。
最好，该第一模制部分74接触该装饰层8的前表面，所述注射是在该模具第二部分76和该半透明层10的后表面之间的模制空腔78中进行。
在该第二实施例中，该装饰层8的整个前表面22从该驾驶室2是可见的，但是该半透明层10的一部分由该开口20的轮廓26掩盖。从该驾驶室穿过的光线的形状是所述开口20的形状，即该半透明层10的可见部分的形状。该光线轮廓对应于该半透明层10的可见轮廓。
根据第三实施例的内衬元件90显示在图5和6中。该内衬元件与根据第二实施例的内衬元家80的区别在于该半透明层10具有浮雕前表面91。
所述制造方法的区别在于该成形工具在与该前表面22接触的模具第一部分74上具有浮雕图案，在插入步骤中该开口20中的所述半透明层10的部分与所述图案一致。
所加入的该覆盖层4也与该浮雕形状贴合。
根据图7和8示出的第四实施例的内衬元件100与根据第二实施例的内衬元件90的区别在于该外观层6包括在该半透明层10上面的插入件102。
该插入件102具有完全覆盖该开口20的中央部分104，和抵靠该装饰层8在该开口20的轮廓26上的外周部分106。所述插入件102具有构成该成形浮雕的抵靠后表面。
该插入件102位半透明的。例如该插入件102是PMMA形成的。
该插入件102的前表面与该第一模制部分76接触。
当插入时，该装饰层8不断裂地变形以便形成了第一肩部108，该第一肩部108贴合该插入件102的外周部分106并且该半透明层10无断裂地变形以便形成第二肩部110，该第二肩部110贴合该装饰层8的轮廓26。另外，该半透明层10不断裂地变形以便贴合该插入件102的浮雕形状。
根据第五实施例的内衬元件110如图9所示。该内衬元件110的生产方法与根据第五实施例的内衬元件100的生产方法的区别在于该插入件102在插入插入件102和开口20中的半透明层10的步骤之后被取出。在所述情况中，该插入件102可以例如是铝制的或者不透明材料制的。该内衬元件因此在该半透明层10处具有加强部分，从而允许赋予该向后照射区域特别的可见性。
在一个实施例中，在该外观层下面的支撑件12是不透明的支撑件。在这个情况中，所追求的效果是在没有向后照射情况下的标识效果。
在一个实施例中，通过压缩施加压力。
在一个实施例中，在该装饰层8上和在该半透明层10上施加所述压力。

Claims (9)

1.汽车的内衬元件(1、80、90、100、110)，包括：
装饰层(8)，其包括至少一个木质材料层(16)，该装饰层具有前表面(22)和后表面(24)；以及
半透明层(10)，
所述汽车的内衬元件的特征在于，
装饰层(8)的一部分具有挖空部分，以便形成一个在所述装饰层(8)的通向前表面(22)和后表面(24)的开口(20)，
所述半透明层(10)的一个表面被施加在所述装饰层(8)的一个表面(22、24)上，所述半透明层(10)具有一个完全覆盖所述开口(20)的中央部分(30)和抵靠所述装饰层(8)在所述开口(20)的轮廓(26)上的外周部分(32)，
通过在所述装饰层(8)和所述半透明层(10)之间施加压力，所述半透明层(10)的一部分插入到所述开口(20)中，所述半透明层(10)的外周部分(32)仍然抵靠所述装饰层(8)在所述开口(20)的轮廓(26)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的汽车的内衬元件(1)，其特征在于，
所述装饰层(8)的前表面(22)用于从所述汽车的驾驶室(2)可见，所述半透明层(10)施加到该装饰层(8)的前表面(22)上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的汽车的内衬元件(80、90、100、110)，其特征在于，
所述半透明层(10)在所述装饰层(8)的后表面(24)上延伸。
4.根据权利要求3所述的汽车的内衬元件(100)，其特征在于，
还包括一个插入件(102)，所述插入件(102)施加在所述装饰层(8)的前表面(22)上，所述插入件(102)具有完全覆盖所述开口(20)的中央部分(104)和抵靠所述装饰层(8)在所述开口(20)的轮廓上的外周部分(106)，通过在所述插入件(102)和所述装饰层(8)之间施加一个压力，所述插入件(102)的一部分插入到所述开口(20)中，而所述插入件(102)的外周部分(106)仍然抵靠所述装饰层(8)在所述开口(20)的轮廓上。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的汽车的内衬元件(1、80、90、100、110)，其特征在于，
所述半透明层(10)具有与所述装饰层(8)相同厚度的厚度。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的汽车的内衬元件(1、80、90、100、110)，其特征在于，
包括通过将一种注射材料注射到所述装饰层(8)的后表面(24)侧面实施的支撑件(12)。
7.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的汽车的内衬元件(1、80、90、100、110)，其特征在于，
在所述开口中的所述半透明层(10)的部分包括浮雕型图案(92)。
8.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的汽车的内衬元件(1、80、90、100、110)，其特征在于，
所述装饰层(8)能够在所述半透明层的一部分插入到所述开口中时不断裂地变形。
9.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的汽车的内衬元件(1、80、90、100、110)，其特征在于，
所述半透明层(10)能够在所述半透明层的一部分插入到该开口中时不断裂地变形。
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CN111319570A (zh) * 2018-12-13 2020-06-23 均胜奎因自动系统有限公司 装饰模制部件
CN112313059A (zh) * 2018-07-26 2021-02-02 标致雪铁龙汽车股份有限公司 用于制造具有装饰性覆盖层的装饰元件组件的方法

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FR2920119B1 (fr) * 2007-08-23 2010-02-26 Faurecia Interieur Ind Panneau de garnissage souple de vehicule automobile comprenant un pictogramme retroeclaire
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CN112313059B (zh) * 2018-07-26 2023-03-28 标致雪铁龙汽车股份有限公司 用于制造具有装饰性覆盖层的装饰元件组件的方法
CN111136732A (zh) * 2018-11-06 2020-05-12 诺维汽车内饰设计有限责任公司 用于制造模制件的方法
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