CN204039347U - One way of life refuse pyrolysis comprehensive resource treatment system - Google Patents
One way of life refuse pyrolysis comprehensive resource treatment system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides one way of life refuse pyrolysis comprehensive resource treatment system, and described system comprises pretreatment unit, heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven, gas-oil separation refining plant, fixed-bed gasification, pyrolysis gas storing unit and device for recovering combustible gas; By domestic refuse raw material after sorting, fragmentation, oven dry, the pre-treatment such as shaping, obtain high-temperature oil gas and pyrolytic carbon in pyrolysis oven pyrolysis, generate gasification combustible gas after pyrolytic carbon gasification, in order to the fuel as heat storage type gas radiation pipe burner.This technical operation cost is low, good in economic efficiency, the low-calorie gasification combustible gas of described generation is passed into heat accumulation type radiant tube combustion, solves the problem of gasification and pyrolysis rubbish charcoal deficiency in economic performance and the industrialization promotion of domestic garbage pyrolysis resource utilization.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to solid waste resource recovery process field, especially relates to one way of life refuse pyrolysis comprehensive resource treatment system.
Background technology
Research in recent years about refuse pyrolysis technology emerges in an endless stream, comprise raw material pyrolysis behavioural analysis, pyrolysis analysis of Influential Factors, characteristics of sludge pyrolysis products is studied, pyrolysis installation research and development etc., but these researchs focus mostly in laboratory stage, only have small part to enter the pilot scale stage, large-scale industrial production runs and does not also realize.Reason mainly China's domestic refuse is composting, and water ratio is high, and the complicated component of garbage raw material own, fluctuation are large, and it is unstable that this characteristic causes pyrolysis after product quality, and further utilization also has problems, especially the Utilizing question of refuse pyrolysis charcoal.Find that China's refuse pyrolysis charcoal foreign matter content is more by research, calorific value is low, and market outlet is bad, be difficult to further utilize, even if there is part refuse pyrolysis charcoal to mix burning as fuel and coal, but combustion efficacy is poor, destroy original technological process, impact is caused on normal process operation.Most of refuse pyrolysis charcoal finally can only carry out landfill disposal as pyrolysis residue, not only occupies land resources, and causes the waste of the energy.If therefore this part refuse pyrolysis charcoal can be used, for pyrolysis provides the energy, then can improve refuse pyrolysis resource utilization efficiency, be more conducive to suitability for industrialized production and the popularization of refuse pyrolysis.
In order to address this problem, have investigator to adopt and the mode of refuse gasification directly obtained combustible gas, thus avoid pyrolytic carbon utilize a difficult problem, but direct gasification can cause pyrolysis gas and the mixing of gasification gas, thus the overall calorific value of gas is declined, gas dust content is large, quality is impure, deficiency in economic performance; Also investigator is had to be gasified separately by refuse pyrolysis charcoal to obtain gasification gas as product.
Gasification installation mainly contains fixed bed, fluidized-bed, air flow bed etc., the gasification installation that existing refuse pyrolysis charcoal gasification adopts mostly is fluidized-bed or air flow bed, object be obtain higher thermal value gasification gas as product, this just requires that raw material granularity is thinner, garbage raw material is needed to carry out multiple stage crushing process, realize broken after particle diameter < 10mm, not only technical process is complicated but also add processing cost.Meanwhile, because refuse pyrolysis charcoal is scarcely lumpy material, be not suitable for employing fixed bed gasification yet, and refuse pyrolysis charcoal complicated component, low with the gasification gas calorific value obtained after fixed bed gasification, be difficult to utilize further.
In refuse treatment, the process of foul smell is also refuse treatment issues that need special attention always, stench in rubbish mainly rubbish in transport, pre-treatment (fragmentation, oven dry etc.), pile, get in process and produced by aerobic or anaerobic process by the organism in microorganism and rubbish, main component comprises sulfide, aminate, halohydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, oxygen-bearing organic matter etc., the Technology development of current stench comprises physics, chemistry and biological process etc., wherein Physical is only applicable to process lower concentration, stench that scope is little, and cost is higher; Chemical method deodorizing is lasting, deodorizing facility investment and working cost high; Although but biological process bacteria selection with low cost cultivates comparatively difficulty, take effect slower.
The patent No. one way of life rubbish coupling fluidized bed classification pyrolytic gasification technique that has been the patent disclosure of 201210466539, adopt coupling fluidized bed as pyrolytic reaction agent set, gasification installation is air flow bed, this just requires that material must be molecule, grinding particle size in patent is 0-6mm, and the necessary first deferrization of domestic refuse, need like this to carry out multi-stage crushing, energy consumption is large, deficiency in economic performance, adopt telescoping roller drying machine to dry simultaneously, need to provide the energy, drying efficiency is low, energy consumption is large, what dry contains peculiar smell water vapor as vaporized chemical, also need during gasification additionally to provide oxygenant, comprise oxygen, air, oxygen-rich air, deficiency in economic performance, pyrolysis gas mixes with gasification gas, and in order to realize obtaining the high combustible gas containing the low dustiness of methane, adopt high-temperature hydro-refining pyrolysis, gasification temperature is high, needs to carry out two-stage gas solid separation, complex process in gasification, and working cost is high.
The patent No. be 201110111480.5 patent discloses domestic garbage pyrolysis gasification process suite of equipment, contain pyrolytic gasification gas producer, preheating oven, roasting kiln, incinerator, object domestic garbage pyrolysis is gasified generating gas, and by combustion gas after-flame.But pyrolysis completes in same stove with gasification by the method, pyrolysis gas and gasification gas mixs, causes gas integral calorific value low, and the combustion gas, tar etc. of generation are all burned, and efficiency of energy utilization is low, less economical.
Utility model content
The utility model provides one way of life refuse pyrolysis comprehensive resource treatment system, solve domestic garbage pyrolysis product charcoal be difficult to recycling or utilize energy conversion efficiency in process low, the problem of deficiency in economic performance, and the process problem of the foul smell produced in garbage processing procedure, solve domestic garbage pyrolysis technical economic benefit difference and the problem being difficult to industrialization promotion that causes, its technical scheme is as described below simultaneously:
One way of life refuse pyrolysis comprehensive resource treatment system, comprising:
Pretreatment unit, described pretreatment unit has discharge port, air outlet and smoke inlet, comprises sorting unit, shredder assembly, drying unit and shaped device;
Heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven, described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven has opening for feed, pyrolytic carbon outlet, oil gas vent, exhanst gas outlet and fuel inlet, the described opening for feed of heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven is connected with the discharge port of pretreatment unit, and the described exhanst gas outlet of heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven is connected with the smoke inlet of pretreatment unit; The heating unit that described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven is arranged is regenerative gas radiator tube, and described regenerative gas radiator tube is the heat supply of described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven by burning;
Gas-oil separation refining plant, described gas-oil separation refining plant has the outlet of oil and gas import, pyrolysis gas outlet and pyrolysis oil, and the oil and gas import of described gas-oil separation refining plant is connected with the oil gas vent of heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven;
Fixed-bed gasification, described fixed-bed gasification has the outlet of opening for feed, inlet mouth and gasification combustible gas, the opening for feed of described fixed-bed gasification exports with the pyrolytic carbon of described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven and is connected, and the inlet mouth of described fixed-bed gasification is connected with the air outlet of described pretreatment unit;
Pyrolysis gas storing unit, described pyrolysis gas storing unit has pyrolysis gas entrance and pyrolysis gas outlet, and the pyrolysis gas entrance of described pyrolysis gas storing unit is connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet of described gas-oil separation refining plant;
Device for recovering combustible gas, described device for recovering combustible gas has combustible gas outlet, the first combustible gas entrance and the second combustible gas entrance, the combustible gas outlet of described device for recovering combustible gas is connected with the fuel inlet of heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven, and the first combustible gas entrance of described device for recovering combustible gas, the second combustible gas entrance export with the gasification combustible gas of described fixed-bed gasification respectively and be connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet of described pyrolysis gas storing unit.
Further, described system also comprises pyrolysis oil storing unit, and described pyrolysis oil storing unit exports with the pyrolysis oil of gas-oil separation refining plant and is connected.
Further, described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven also comprises material-feeding mechanism and discharging mechanism.
Further, described gas-oil separation refining plant comprises coke removing appts., ammonia removal device and desulfurizer.
The domestic garbage pyrolysis comprehensive resource treatment system that the utility model provides is the combination of a kind of fixed bed refuse pyrolysis technology and fixed bed gasification technology, wherein fixed-bed pyrolysis device adopts heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven, its regenerative gas radiator tube can stable burning low heating value gas as heating unit, solves a difficult problem for fixed bed gasification gas not good utilisation; It is block molding materials and pyrolysis product charcoal is also block feature that fixed-bed gasification has adapted to fixed-bed pyrolysis device garbage raw material, good economy performance.
Pyrolysis agent set is heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven, and this device adopts radiator tube heating, and the pyrolysis gas of generation is separated with flue gas, and in pyrolysis gas, the component content such as hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide is high, and calorific value can reach 4200kcal/m
3above, if direct reuse combustion heat supplying, cause the waste of the energy, after adopting pyrolytic carbon gasification, combustible gas will wherein cement out by most of pyrolysis gas, the pyrolysis gas of high-quality can be used as industrial chemicals and sells, and the economic benefit not only increasing ton rubbish in energy utilization rate and whole technique can improve about 30%.
Adopt the vaporized chemical of flue gas as pyrolytic carbon of the air frowzy and moisture vapor produced in preprocessing process, without the need to producing water vapour in addition, without the need to separately establishing stench processing system, reach the abundant recycling of resource and the energy, greatly reduce the running cost of technique, improve resource utilization efficiency and the economy of refuse pyrolysis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the domestic garbage pyrolysis comprehensive treatment method for recycling that the utility model provides;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the domestic garbage pyrolysis comprehensive resource treatment system that the utility model provides.
Embodiment
Domestic garbage pyrolysis comprehensive utilization of resources system described in the utility model is the combination of a kind of fixed bed refuse pyrolysis technology and fixed bed gasification technology, wherein fixed bed refuse pyrolysis plant adopts heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven, namely furnace bottom rotates, material is laid on furnace bottom, fixed relative to furnace bottom, its heating unit regenerative gas radiator tube can stable burning low heating value gas, solves a difficult problem for fixed bed gasification gas not good utilisation.
After two kinds of combine with technique, the garbage raw material that rotating bed pyrolysis installation adopts is block molding materials, the block pyrolysis rubbish charcoal produced after pyrolysis is just in time applicable to fixed bed gasification, this gasification technology does not need raw material to carry out depth crushing, running cost is low, good in economic efficiency, the calorific value of the combustible gas just generated is lower relative to other gasification technologies, thus dexterously low-calorie gasification combustible gas is passed into heat accumulation type radiant tube heating unit combustion, solve the problem of gasification and pyrolysis rubbish charcoal deficiency in economic performance and the industrialization promotion of domestic garbage pyrolysis resource utilization.
First primary domestic refuse is mainly carried out pre-treatment by operating process of the present utility model, comprise sorting, fragmentation, oven dry, shaping etc., collect the air frowzy (hereinafter referred to as foul smell) that produces in preprocessing process and with the oven dry flue gas of water vapor for follow-up.
Shaping rubbish enters and carries out pyrolysis without thermal barrier heat accumulating type rotating bed, and pyrolysis product is pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil and pyrolytic carbon.Be shaping rubbish owing to entering stove rubbish, the pyrolytic carbon of generation is also block, and fixed-bed gasification therefore can be selected to be gasified by pyrolytic carbon, vaporized chemical is foul smell and the oven dry flue gas with water vapor, gasification produces gasification combustible gas, and this gas heating value is lower, is not easy to utilize.
Adopt the heat accumulation type radiant tube of incendivity low heating value gas to heat as burner, combustion gasification combustible gas provides the energy for pyrolysis, and the available high-quality pyrolysis gas of inadequate part supplements, and the flue gas with heat after burning is used for rubbish dries.This technique make use of the natural resources and energy resources of system self to greatest extent; the energy is provided for pyrolysis with the gasification combustible gas of pyrolytic carbon gasification; most of high-quality pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil are sold as product, pyrolysis input and output material is bulk, and vapourizing furnace adopts low cost fixed bed; process operation cost is low; energy consumption is low, and product economy is profitable, and resource utilization level is high; secondary pollution is few, is easy to the industrialization and the mass-producing that realize refuse pyrolysis.
Fig. 1 is the schema of the utility model domestic garbage pyrolysis recycling processing method.Apply the treatment process of system described in the utility model, comprise step:
The pre-treatment of A, domestic refuse: raw material domestic refuse raw material being obtained after pre-treatment shaping domestic garbage pyrolysis;
Described pre-treatment comprises following one or more:
(1) sorting consumer waste: mainly adopt the method such as trommel screen, selection by winnowing, magnetic separation by the separating substances such as bulk inorganics, glass, metal in rubbish out;
(2) Domestic garbage crushing: be the fritter of 10mm-80mm by the refuse breaking after sorting to particle diameter by one-level or 2-3 level shredder assembly;
(3) oven dry of domestic refuse: adopt the flue gas after radiator tube burning to dry rubbish after fragmentation as thermal source, bake out temperature is 120-180 DEG C, and after drying, the water ratio of rubbish is 5% ~ 20%;
(4) domestic refuse is shaping: be bar-shaped, pie or granular by domestic refuse after oven dry through the compressed moulding of garbage-molding equipment, and particle size range is 10-100mm.
(5) foul smell and fume collection: air frowzy for the band produced in preprocessing process and the fume collection of drying with water vapor are used as vaporized chemical.
B, domestic garbage pyrolysis: described refuse pyrolysis raw material is evenly fed heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven, bed thickness 100-500mm, in stove, rubbish is gradually heated by the sonochemical activity to 600-850 DEG C with the rotation of furnace bottom, final generation pyrolysis high-temperature oil gas and pyrolytic carbon.Preferably can be heated to 700-850 DEG C, at this temperature, be conducive to the productive rate improving pyrolysis gas.Pyrolysis high-temperature oil gas is collected by the collection tube being arranged at furnace roof, and after furnace bottom rotates a circle, pyrolytic carbon is discharged through the preferred sealing screw discharging machine of discharging mechanism in stove.
This pyrolysis oven is the main equipment realizing refuse pyrolysis, and described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven comprises burner hearth, material-feeding mechanism and the discharging mechanism that furnace wall, furnace roof and furnace bottom surround, and described regenerative gas radiator tube comprises heat-storage type burner and radiator tube.As shown in Figure 2, the furnace bottom of described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven is rotating ring-shaped furnace bottom, regenerative gas radiator tube carries out preheating by heat-storage type burner to combustion gas, and in radiator tube efficient burning, refuse pyrolysis institute heat requirement in rotating bed is provided in thermal-radiating mode, owing to adopting heat accumulating type structure, this burner incendivity low heat value combustible gas (calorific value>=700kcal/Nm
3), the flue gas in radiator tube and the atmosphere in rotating bed completely cut off.Burning is carried out in radiator tube, and products of combustion is discharged from the outlet of radiator tube, does not enter burner hearth, is conducted heat to material by the thermal radiation of radiator tube.The thermo-efficiency of heat storage type gas radiation pipe burner reaches more than 85%, and the more important thing is can the low-calorie combustion gas of stable burning.
The collection of C, high-temperature oil gas and purification: the high-temperature oil gas that collection tube is collected is after cooling and purifying (decoking, except ammonia, desulfurization), and obtain pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas, wherein pyrolysis oil is stored in oil tank, as production marketing.Pyrolysis gas is stored in gas tank, as production marketing, when the gasification combustible gas inputted to regenerative gas radiator tube is not enough, can call pyrolysis gas fuel as a supplement.
The gasification of D, pyrolytic carbon: the pyrolytic carbon of discharge is block, is input in fixed-bed gasification furnace and gasifies, gasification temperature 700-850 DEG C, the flue gas that vaporized chemical used is foul smell and dries with water vapor through conveyor.The gasification combustible gas calorific value produced is 800-2500kcal/Nm
3, burn for regenerative gas radiator tube after dedusting.Residual residue is discharged through vapourizing furnace, landfill disposal after collecting.
As shown in Figure 2, domestic garbage pyrolysis comprehensive resource treatment system comprises pretreatment unit, heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven, device for recovering combustible gas, gas-oil separation refining plant, fixed-bed gasification, pyrolysis gas storing unit, pyrolysis oil storing unit.
Described pretreatment unit has discharge port, air outlet and smoke inlet, comprises sorting unit, shredder assembly, drying unit and shaped device.
Described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven has opening for feed, pyrolytic carbon outlet, oil gas vent, exhanst gas outlet and fuel inlet, the described opening for feed of heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven is connected with the discharge port of pretreatment unit, and the described exhanst gas outlet of heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven is connected with the smoke inlet of pretreatment unit; The heating unit that described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven is arranged is regenerative gas radiator tube, and described regenerative gas radiator tube is the heat supply of described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven by burning.Also comprise burner hearth, cloth and discharging auxiliary mechanism, discharging auxiliary mechanism can be spiral discharging machine, and described regenerative gas radiator tube comprises heat-storage type burner and radiator tube.
Described gas-oil separation refining plant has the outlet of oil and gas import, pyrolysis gas outlet and pyrolysis oil, and the oil and gas import of described gas-oil separation refining plant is connected with the oil gas vent of heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven.Described gas-oil separation refining plant comprises coke removing appts., ammonia removal device, desulfurizer, described high-temperature oil gas first cools through Quench gas-liquid separator, Quench liquid is cyclic ammonia water, cool the pyrolysis gas obtained removes deentrainment tar by electrical tar precipitator, deliver to except ammonia tower is except ammonia, enter thionizer desulfurization again, obtain clean combustible gas.
Device for recovering combustible gas, described device for recovering combustible gas has combustible gas outlet, the first combustible gas entrance and the second combustible gas entrance, the combustible gas outlet of described device for recovering combustible gas is connected with the fuel inlet of heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven, and the first combustible gas entrance of described device for recovering combustible gas and the second combustible gas entrance export with the gasification combustible gas of described fixed-bed gasification respectively and be connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet of described pyrolysis gas storing unit.
The fixed-bed gasification be connected with regenerative gas radiator tube rotating bed pyrolysis oven in addition, described fixed-bed gasification has the outlet of opening for feed, inlet mouth and gasification combustible gas, the opening for feed of described fixed-bed gasification exports with the pyrolytic carbon of described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven and is connected, and the inlet mouth of described fixed-bed gasification is connected with the air outlet of described pretreatment unit.The gasification combustible gas that pyrolytic carbon produces in fixed-bed gasification pyrolysis uses as radiator tube burning gas.Purifying and dedusting was needed before gasification combustible gas enters device for recovering combustible gas, detailed process is first through tornado dust collector dedusting, again through washing tower, thionizer, electric precipitator cooling and dedusting, eventually pass the pressurization of gasification gas dispatch machine, drop catcher removing water droplet is sent to rotating bed and makes fuel.
Described pyrolysis gas storing unit has pyrolysis gas entrance and pyrolysis gas outlet, the pyrolysis gas entrance of described pyrolysis gas storing unit is connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet of described gas-oil separation refining plant, when the gasification combustible gas inputted to regenerative gas radiator tube is not enough, pyrolysis gas fuel as a supplement can be called, the process called mainly is determined by the temperature of material in rotary oven, just needs supplemental heat to vent one's spleen to burn if heating fuel cannot make material reach predetermined temperature.Send into pyrolysis gas storing unit after pyrolysis gas purification to store, sell as product, pyrolysis gas storing unit is connected with device for recovering combustible gas simultaneously, when the combustible gas that gasifies is enough, this pipeline is closing condition, opening pipe valve when the combustible gas that gasifies is not enough reclaims in storage tank by partial thermal decomposition pneumatic transmission to combustible gas, mixes the heat-storage type burner supplied in regenerative gas radiator tube burn with gasification combustible gas.
Described pyrolysis oil storing unit exports with the pyrolysis oil of gas-oil separation refining plant and is connected.
Below two embodiments of the method utilizing the utility model to provide:
Embodiment 1:
Adopt certain city's domestic refuse to be raw material, msw water content 54%, become to be grouped into as table 1:
Table 1 domestic refuse becomes to be grouped into (wt%)
First the rubbish entering factory carry out pre-treatment, and pre-treatment comprises:
(1) sorting consumer waste: mainly adopt the method such as trommel screen, selection by winnowing, magnetic separation by the separating substances such as bulk inorganics, glass, metal in rubbish out;
(2) refuse breaking after sorting to particle diameter is the fritter of 30mm-40mm by Domestic garbage crushing: by two-stage shredder assembly;
(3) oven dry of domestic refuse: bake out temperature is 180 DEG C, thermal source adopts the flue gas after radiator tube burning, and after drying, the water ratio of rubbish is 13%.
(4) domestic refuse is shaping: be bar-shaped by domestic refuse after oven dry through the compressed moulding of garbage-molding equipment, and the diameter of rubbish rod is 30mm, and length range is 50-100mm.
(5) foul smell and fume collection: air frowzy for the band produced in preprocessing process and the fume collection of drying with water vapor are used as vaporized chemical.
Be can the organism of pyrolysis through pretreated domestic refuse major part, comprise fabric, plastics, paper, wooden bamboo part kitchen excess etc., quality account for original enter factory's rubbish 43%.
The rubbish rod obtained evenly is fed heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven, bed thickness 300mm, and in stove, rubbish is gradually heated by the sonochemical activity to 850 DEG C with the rotation of furnace bottom, final generation pyrolysis high-temperature oil gas and pyrolytic carbon.High-temperature oil gas is collected by the collection tube being arranged at furnace roof, and after furnace bottom rotates a circle, pyrolytic carbon is discharged through sealing screw discharging machine in stove.
The high-temperature oil gas of being collected by collection tube is after cooling and purifying (decoking, except ammonia, desulfurization), and obtain pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas, wherein pyrolysis oil is stored in oil tank, as production marketing.Pyrolysis gas is stored in gas tank, as production marketing, when the combustible gas to the input of regenerative gas radiator tube is not enough, calls pyrolysis gas fuel as a supplement.The product pyrolysis oil obtained accounts for the 5wt% of pyrolysis rubbish rod, and calorific value is 9325kcal/kg, and pyrolysis gas accounts for the 31wt% of pyrolysis rubbish rod, and calorific value is 4509kcal/Nm
3, pyrolysis gas composition is (volume ratio): H
2: 35.1%, CO
2: 16.6%, CH
4: 30.1%, CO:8.7%, C
2-C
5: 3.5%.
The block pyrolytic carbon of discharging accounts for the 43wt% of pyrolysis rubbish rod, and rubbish charcoal is input in fixed-bed gasification furnace through conveyor and gasifies, gasification temperature 800 DEG C, and vaporized chemical used is air and water vapor, and wherein water vapor comes from rubbish oven dry.The gasification combustible gas calorific value produced is 1100kcal/Nm
3, burn for regenerative gas radiator tube after udst separation.Residual residue is discharged through vapourizing furnace, landfill disposal after collecting.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt certain city's domestic refuse to be raw material, msw water content 51%, become to be grouped into as table 2:
Table 2 domestic refuse becomes to be grouped into (wt%)
First the rubbish entering factory carry out pre-treatment, and pre-treatment comprises:
(1) sorting consumer waste: mainly adopt the method such as trommel screen, selection by winnowing, magnetic separation by the separating substances such as bulk inorganics, glass, metal in rubbish out;
(2) refuse breaking after sorting to particle diameter is the fritter of 20mm-35mm by Domestic garbage crushing: by two-stage shredder assembly;
(3) oven dry of domestic refuse: bake out temperature is 170 DEG C, thermal source adopts the flue gas after radiator tube burning, and after drying, the water ratio of rubbish is 15%.
(4) domestic refuse is shaping: be pie by domestic refuse after oven dry through the compressed moulding of garbage-molding equipment, and the diameter of rubbish cake is 40mm.
(5) foul smell and fume collection: air frowzy for the band produced in preprocessing process and the fume collection of drying with water vapor are used as vaporized chemical.
Be can the organism of pyrolysis through pretreated domestic refuse major part, comprise fabric, plastics, paper, wooden bamboo part kitchen excess etc., quality account for original enter factory's rubbish 47%.
The rubbish cake obtained evenly is fed heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven, bed thickness 100mm, and in stove, rubbish is gradually heated by the sonochemical activity to 750 DEG C with the rotation of furnace bottom, final generation pyrolysis high-temperature oil gas and pyrolytic carbon.High-temperature oil gas is collected by the collection tube being arranged at furnace roof, and after furnace bottom rotates a circle, pyrolytic carbon is discharged through sealing screw discharging machine in stove.
The high-temperature oil gas of being collected by collection tube is after cooling and purifying (decoking, except ammonia, desulfurization), and obtain pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas, wherein pyrolysis oil is stored in oil tank, as production marketing.Pyrolysis gas is stored in gas tank, as production marketing, when combustible gas to the input of regenerative gas radiator tube is not enough, call pyrolysis gas fuel as a supplement, the product pyrolysis oil obtained accounts for the 6wt% of pyrolysis rubbish cake, and calorific value is 9500kcal/kg, and pyrolysis gas accounts for the 29wt% of pyrolysis rubbish cake, calorific value is 5368kcal/Nm3, and pyrolysis gas composition is (volume ratio): H
2: 26.4%, CO
2: 16.5%, CH
4: 31.7%, CO:9.8%, C
2-C
5: 9.4%.
The pyrolytic carbon of discharging accounts for the 40wt% of pyrolysis rubbish cake, and rubbish charcoal is input in fixed-bed gasification furnace through conveyor and gasifies, gasification temperature 850 DEG C, and vaporized chemical used is air and water vapor, and wherein water vapor comes from rubbish oven dry.The gasification combustible gas calorific value produced is 850kcal/Nm3, burns after udst separation for regenerative gas radiator tube.Residual residue is discharged through vapourizing furnace, landfill disposal after collecting.
The utility model has the following advantages:
(1) pyrolysis installation adopts heat accumulating type rotating bed, enters the requirement of stove raw meal particle size low, can continuously feeding, discharging, non-stop run ability is strong, is easy to realize mass-producing and industrialization;
(2) pyrolytic carbon is gasified, solve the difficult problem that refuse pyrolysis product charcoal utilizes, be shaping rubbish owing to entering stove material, discharging pyrolytic carbon is also block, so not only save the broken cost in front end but also fixed bed replacement fluidized-bed with low cost or air flow bed can be adopted to gasify, good in economic efficiency;
(3) using the foul smell of pretreatment stage and the flue gas of moisture vapor as vaporized chemical, without the need to separately establishing steam generator and odor treating device, while realizing gasification, gas frowzy being burnt in atmosphere, eliminating stink, save process costs, improve resource utilization level;
(4) without the need to thermal barrier, in heat-processed, flue gas and pyrolysis gas are isolated, add the Seal Design of rotating bed, ensure that pyrolysis is carried out under anaerobic, avoid burning and bring the pollution problem of dioxin, in the pyrolysis gas simultaneously produced, the component content such as hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide is high, and calorific value can reach 4200kcal/m3, can be used as industrial chemicals to sell, substantially increase the economy of whole technique.
(5) because refuse pyrolysis charcoal poor quality, calorific value are low, almost economic benefit cannot be obtained, the low not good utilisation of gas heating value after being gasified, can the advantage of stable burning low heating value gas in conjunction with regenerative gas radiator tube, gasification gas is burnt as fuel gas, and originally burn for pyrolysis provides the high-quality pyrolysis gas of the major part of energy can be replaced out as production marketing, the economic benefit of ton rubbish in whole pyrolytic process can be made to improve about 30%, solve the predicament that no profits came in of original destructor plant.
(6) whole technique make use of resource and the energy of system self to greatest extent, technological process is simple, environmental friendliness, continuous seepage can be realized, pyrolysis product comprises pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil, not only as fuel, can also can sell as industrial raw material, good in economic efficiency, be easy to carry out industrialization promotion.
Claims (4)
1. one way of life refuse pyrolysis comprehensive resource treatment system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Pretreatment unit, described pretreatment unit has discharge port, air outlet and smoke inlet, comprises sorting unit, shredder assembly, drying unit and shaped device;
Heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven, described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven has opening for feed, pyrolytic carbon outlet, oil gas vent, exhanst gas outlet and fuel inlet, the described opening for feed of heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven is connected with the discharge port of pretreatment unit, and the described exhanst gas outlet of heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven is connected with the smoke inlet of pretreatment unit; The heating unit that described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven is arranged is regenerative gas radiator tube, and described regenerative gas radiator tube is the heat supply of described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven by burning;
Gas-oil separation refining plant, described gas-oil separation refining plant has the outlet of oil and gas import, pyrolysis gas outlet and pyrolysis oil, and the oil and gas import of described gas-oil separation refining plant is connected with the oil gas vent of heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven;
Fixed-bed gasification, described fixed-bed gasification has the outlet of opening for feed, inlet mouth and gasification combustible gas, the opening for feed of described fixed-bed gasification exports with the pyrolytic carbon of described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven and is connected, and the inlet mouth of described fixed-bed gasification is connected with the air outlet of described pretreatment unit;
Pyrolysis gas storing unit, described pyrolysis gas storing unit has pyrolysis gas entrance and pyrolysis gas outlet, and the pyrolysis gas entrance of described pyrolysis gas storing unit is connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet of described gas-oil separation refining plant;
Device for recovering combustible gas, described device for recovering combustible gas has combustible gas outlet, the first combustible gas entrance and the second combustible gas entrance, the combustible gas outlet of described device for recovering combustible gas is connected with the fuel inlet of heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven, and the first combustible gas entrance of described device for recovering combustible gas, the second combustible gas entrance export with the gasification combustible gas of described fixed-bed gasification respectively and be connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet of described pyrolysis gas storing unit.
2. domestic garbage pyrolysis comprehensive resource treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described system also comprises pyrolysis oil storing unit, and described pyrolysis oil storing unit exports with the pyrolysis oil of gas-oil separation refining plant and is connected.
3. domestic garbage pyrolysis comprehensive resource treatment system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven also comprises material-feeding mechanism and discharging mechanism.
4. domestic garbage pyrolysis comprehensive resource treatment system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described gas-oil separation refining plant comprises coke removing appts., ammonia removal device and desulfurizer.
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| CN104178226A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2014-12-03 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | System and method for comprehensively recycling for household refuse pyrolysis |
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