CN106987280A - A kind of system and method for fluid bed refuse pyrolysis - Google Patents
A kind of system and method for fluid bed refuse pyrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN106987280A CN106987280A CN201710272253.8A CN201710272253A CN106987280A CN 106987280 A CN106987280 A CN 106987280A CN 201710272253 A CN201710272253 A CN 201710272253A CN 106987280 A CN106987280 A CN 106987280A
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- red mud
- entrance
- rubbish
- pyrolysis
- garbage
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
- C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1207—Heating the gasifier using pyrolysis gas as fuel
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of system and method for fluid bed refuse pyrolysis.The system includes rubbish pretreatment unit, fluid bed, red mud pretreatment unit and ash melting stove；Red mud pretreatment unit includes red mud dryer and red mud disintegrating machine；The granulated garbage entrance of the granulated garbage outlet connection fluid bed of rubbish pretreatment unit, the red mud particle outlet of red mud disintegrating machine connects the red mud particle entrance of fluid bed, the lime-ash entrance of the lime-ash outlet connection ash melting stove of fluid bed.The present invention is carried out pyrolysis rubbish, is prevented effectively from the problems such as bad fluidisation, coking using solid thermal carriers of the red mud as fluid bed；The pyrolysis gas of generation, as raw material, is ash melting stove heat supply, reduces system energy consumption after processing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fixed-end forces technical field, more particularly to it is a kind of using fluid bed carry out refuse pyrolysis system and
Method.
Background technology
In recent years, the trash processing way of more prevalence is rubbish fluidized bed gasification in the world.Fluidized gasification is to lack
The decomposition reaction carried out under the reducing atmosphere of oxygen or anaerobic, it is innoxious thorough, it is unfavorable for generating bioxin.Producing simultaneously has
Artificial combustion gas, fuel oil and the solid carbon of certain calorific value.So, refuse pyrolysis has huge potential advantages.But, pass through merely
Pyrolysis processing house refuse, not only needs higher temperature, high energy consumption, and the tar that pyrolysis is produced can reduce factor of created gase and heat
Efficiency, liquid can be also condensed into low temperature, and a series of problems, such as causing air delivering pipeline to block, corrode is combined with water and dust.
Accordingly, it would be desirable to add catalyst degradation pyrolysis temperature in pyrolytic process, and improve generator yield.But traditional catalyst such as calcium
Base catalyst, nickel-base catalyst etc. are expensive, and application cost is higher, and there is deactivation prob, so more difficult trying on a large scale
Test and be applied in producing.It is a current problem for being badly in need of solving to seek cheap catalyst.
Red mud is that aluminium industry extracts the contaminative waste residue discharged during aluminum oxide, and average often produces 1t aluminum oxide, attached
Band produces 1.0~2.0t red muds.Along with the production of aluminium, substantial amounts of red mud cannot get sufficiently effective utilization, can only be by big
The stockyard of area is stacked, and occupies a large amount of soils, serious pollution is also caused to environment.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes system and the side of a kind of utilization fluidized bed pyrolysis gasification process rubbish
Method, using red mud catalysis refuse pyrolysis gasification, reduces tar yield in refuse pyrolysis gasification energy consumption, refuse pyrolysis gasification
It is extremely low, it is to avoid the problems such as tar coking, blocking pipeline.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of system of fluid bed refuse pyrolysis, including rubbish pretreatment unit, stream
Change bed, red mud pretreatment unit and ash melting stove；
The rubbish pretreatment unit includes garbage inlet and granulated garbage is exported；
The fluid bed include pyrolysis vaporizer, the pyrolysis vaporizer provided with granulated garbage entrance, red mud particle entrance,
Pyrolysis gas outlet and lime-ash outlet；
The red mud pretreatment unit includes red mud dryer and red mud disintegrating machine；
The red mud dryer includes red mud entrance and dry red mud is exported；
The red mud disintegrating machine includes dry red mud entrance and red mud particle outlet, and the dry red mud of the red mud dryer is exported
Connect the dry red mud entrance of the red mud disintegrating machine；
The ash melting stove includes lime-ash entrance and vitreum is exported；
The granulated garbage entrance of the granulated garbage outlet connection fluid bed of the rubbish pretreatment unit, the red mud
The red mud particle outlet of disintegrating machine connects the red mud particle entrance of the fluid bed, and the lime-ash outlet connection of the fluid bed is described
The lime-ash entrance of ash melting stove.
As preferred embodiments of the present invention, the rubbish pretreatment unit includes rubbish drying machine, refuse grinder, kneading
Machine and comminutor,
The rubbish drying machine includes garbage inlet and garbage drying is exported；
The refuse grinder includes garbage drying entrance and shredding refuse is exported；
The kneader includes shredding refuse entrance and compound is exported；
The comminutor includes compound entrance and granulated garbage is exported；
The garbage drying entrance of the garbage drying outlet connection refuse grinder of the rubbish drying machine, the rubbish
The shredding refuse entrance of the shredding refuse outlet connection kneader of disintegrating machine, the compound outlet connection institute of the kneader
State the compound entrance of comminutor, the granulated garbage entrance of the granulated garbage outlet connection fluid bed of the comminutor.
The system of the present invention further comprises First Heat Exchanger, and the First Heat Exchanger includes vitreum entrance and heat exchange oil
Outlet, the rubbish drying machine is provided with heat exchange oil-in, vitreum outlet connection first heat exchange of the ash melting stove
The vitreum entrance of device, the heat exchange oil export of the First Heat Exchanger connects the heat exchange oil-in of the rubbish drying machine.
As preferred scheme, system of the invention also includes pyrolysis gas clean unit, the pyrolysis gas clean unit bag
Purifier is included, the purifier includes pyrolysis gas entrance and combustible gas is exported；The ash melting stove is provided with heat accumulating type spoke
Penetrate pipe；The pyrolysis gas outlet of the fluid bed connects the pyrolysis gas entrance of the purifier, the combustible gas of the purifier
The heat accumulation type radiant tube of the outlet connection ash melting stove.
Further, the pyrolysis gas clean unit also includes the second heat exchanger, and second heat exchanger includes high temperature
Pyrolysis gas entrance, Low Temperature Thermal outlet and heat exchange oil export, the red mud dryer is provided with heat exchange oil-in, the fluid bed
Pyrolysis gas outlet connect the high temperature pyrolysis gas entrance of second heat exchanger, the Low Temperature Thermal outlet of second heat exchanger
The pyrolysis gas entrance of the purifier is connected, the heat exchange oil export of second heat exchanger connects changing for the red mud dryer
Deep fat entrance.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of method that refuse pyrolysis is carried out using said system, including following step
Suddenly：
A, rubbish is pre-processed, obtain granulated garbage；
B, red mud is dried after crush, obtain red mud particle, the particle diameter of the red mud particle is 10~15mm；
C, the pyrolysis vaporizer that the red mud particle is sent into the fluid bed, under wind-force effect the red mud particle into
Fluidised form；
D, the pyrolysis vaporizer temperature at 800~1000 DEG C, the granulated garbage is sent into the pyrolytic gasification
The mass ratio of granulated garbage and red mud particle in room, the pyrolytic gasification room is 1:4~1:10, the granulated garbage is described
Pyrolysis vaporizer is pyrolyzed, and produces pyrolysis gas and lime-ash；
E, the lime-ash is sent into the ash melting stove, the melting and solidification under conditions of 1400~1900 DEG C obtains glass
Glass body.
As preferred embodiments of the present invention, the rubbish pretreatment in the step A includes：
Rubbish is sent into the rubbish drying machine, rubbish is dried, obtain garbage drying, the garbage drying contains
Water rate≤10%；
The garbage drying is sent into the refuse grinder, shredding refuse, the grain of the shredding refuse are obtained after crushing
Footpath is 10~20mm；
The shredding refuse is mixed in kneader with additive, compound is obtained；
The compound is sent into comminutor, granulated garbage is obtained.
Further, the vitreum step E produced sends into First Heat Exchanger, is exchanged heat with heat exchange oil, by institute
State the heat exchange oil after First Heat Exchanger heating and be delivered to the rubbish drying machine, be used as the thermal source of garbage drying.
It is preferred that, the pyrolysis gas feeding purifier that the step D is produced is purified, and obtains combustible gas；Will be described
Combustible gas is delivered to the ash melting stove, is used as fuel.
Further, the pyrolysis gas is first sent into the second heat exchanger, is exchanged heat with heat exchange oil, obtain low temperature pyrogenation
Gas, sends the Low Temperature Thermal into the purifier afterwards and is purified, obtain combustible gas；By the second heat exchanger liter
Heat exchange oil after temperature is delivered to red mud dryer, is used as the thermal source for drying red mud.
The system and method for the utilization fluidized bed pyrolysis rubbish that the present invention is provided, using red mud catalysis refuse pyrolysis gasification,
Refuse pyrolysis gasification energy consumption is reduced, process costs are saved, gasification gas yield and quality is improved；Refuse pyrolysis gasification
Middle tar yield is extremely low, it is to avoid the problems such as tar coking, blocking pipeline；Using internal system residual heat drying red mud and rubbish,
Reduce the energy consumption of whole system；Lime-ash is handled in ash melting stove, the stabilization processes of danger wastes are realized.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system schematic of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram of the pyrolysis rubbish of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure：
1- rubbish pretreatment unit, 11- rubbish drying machines, 12- refuse grinders, 13- kneaders, 14- comminutors, 15-
Garbage feeding machine；
2- fluid beds；
3- red muds pretreatment unit, 31- red muds dryer, 32- red mud disintegrating machines；
4- ash melting stoves；
5- First Heat Exchangers；
6- pyrolysis apparatus clean unit, the heat exchangers of 61- second, 62- purifiers.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the embodiment to the present invention is described in more details, so as to energy
Enough more fully understand the advantage of the solution of the present invention and its various aspects.However, specific embodiments described below and implementation
Example is only the purpose of explanation, rather than limitation of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of system of fluid bed refuse pyrolysis, including rubbish pretreatment unit
1st, fluid bed 2, red mud pretreatment unit 3, ash melting stove 4, First Heat Exchanger 5 and pyrolysis apparatus clean unit 6.The present invention is implemented
Example provides a kind of new way using Industrial Solid Waste red mud catalysis pyrolysis house refuse for urban garbage disposal.
Rubbish can be processed into the granulated garbage available for pyrolysis by rubbish pretreatment unit 1.Rubbish pretreatment unit 1 includes
Rubbish drying machine 11, refuse grinder 12, kneader 13, comminutor 14 and garbage feeding machine 15.
Rubbish drying machine 11 is used for the drying of rubbish, can dry rubbish to moisture content below 10%.Rubbish drying machine
11 include garbage inlet and garbage drying outlet.
Refuse grinder 12 includes garbage drying entrance and shredding refuse is exported, the garbage drying outlet of rubbish drying machine 11
Connect the garbage drying entrance of refuse grinder 12.The garbage drying of rubbish drying machine 11 delivers to refuse grinder by conveyer belt
12, garbage drying is crushed to 10~20mm by refuse grinder 12.
Kneader 13 includes shredding refuse entrance and compound is exported, and the shredding refuse outlet connection of refuse grinder 12 is pinched
The shredding refuse entrance of conjunction machine 13.Additive entrance is additionally provided with kneader 13, the function of additive is rubbish is possessed necessarily
Caking property, additive and rubbish passes through kneader 13 and fully mixes, and obtains compound.
Comminutor 14 includes compound entrance and granulated garbage is exported, the compound outlet connection comminutor 14 of kneader 13
Compound entrance.The compound that kneader 13 is manufactured is delivered in comminutor 14, makes growth 30mm, diameter 10mm's is bar-shaped
Granulated garbage.
Garbage feeding machine 15 is located at the lower section of comminutor 14, and the granulated garbage that comminutor 14 is discharged is delivered to fluid bed 2.
Fluid bed 2 includes being longitudinally provided with non-closed annular heat accumulating type on the inside of pyrolysis vaporizer, the furnace wall of pyrolysis vaporizer
Radiant tube, the heat energy for needed for pyrolysis vaporizer provides pyrolytic gasification.The middle part of pyrolysis vaporizer is provided with granulated garbage entrance, rubbish
The granulated garbage that charger 15 is conveyed enters pyrolysis vaporizer by granulated garbage entrance.Red mud particle entrance is located at granulated garbage
The lower section of entrance, the charging for red mud particle.The bottom of fluid bed 2 is air compartment and air distribution plate, and wind-force medium is nitrogen.Fluidisation
Granulated garbage in bed 2, under the catalytic action of red mud particle, generation pyrolysis gas and lime-ash.Pyrolysis gas and lime-ash pass through respectively
Pyrolysis gas outlet and lime-ash outlet discharge pyrolysis vaporizer.
Red mud pretreatment unit 3 is used for the red mud that will industrially discharge, and is processed into the red mud particle available for fluid bed.It is red
Mud both as the solid thermal carriers of pyrolysis rubbish, can be catalyzed refuse pyrolysis again.Red mud pretreatment unit 3 includes red mud dryer
31 and red mud disintegrating machine 32.
The moisture content of red mud can be down to less than 30% by red mud dryer 31, and it includes red mud entrance and the outlet of dry red mud.
Red mud disintegrating machine 32 includes dry red mud entrance and red mud particle outlet, the dry red mud outlet connection of red mud dryer 31
The dry red mud entrance of red mud disintegrating machine 32.Dry red mud is entered after red mud disintegrating machine 32 by red mud dryer 31, is crushed to particle diameter
For 10~15mm.Red mud particle after broken is by the red mud particle entrance of fluid bed 2, into pyrolysis vaporizer.
Ash melting stove 4 includes lime-ash entrance and vitreum is exported, the lime-ash outlet connection ash melting stove 4 of fluid bed 2
Lime-ash entrance.Ash melting stove 4 is heated using heat accumulation type radiant tube, and hot lime-ash enters after ash melting stove, 1400~
Melting and solidification under 1900 DEG C of hot conditions, ultimately becomes vitreum, realizes to harmful heavy metal stabilization treatment in lime-ash.
First Heat Exchanger 5 includes vitreum entrance and heat exchange oil export, the vitreum outlet connection first of ash melting stove 2
The vitreum entrance of heat exchanger 5.The high temp glass body that ash melting stove 2 is discharged enters First Heat Exchanger 5, enters in the ranks with heat exchange oil
Connect heat exchange.Rubbish drying machine 11 connects changing for rubbish drying machine 11 provided with heat exchange oil-in, the heat exchange oil export of First Heat Exchanger 5
Deep fat entrance.The high temperature heat exchange oil of First Heat Exchanger 5, into rubbish drying machine 11, is used as the thermal source of drying garbage.
Pyrolysis gas clean unit 6 includes the second heat exchanger 61 and purifier 62, for the waste heat recovery of pyrolysis gas and net
Change.
Second heat exchanger 61 includes high temperature pyrolysis gas entrance, Low Temperature Thermal outlet and heat exchange oil export, the heat of fluid bed 2
Vent one's spleen and export the high temperature pyrolysis gas entrance of the second heat exchanger 61 of connection.The pyrolysis gas temperature that fluid bed 2 is produced is very high, and pyrolysis gas enters
Enter the second heat exchanger 61 with and deep fat exchanged heat, pyrolysis gas temperature is down to 150 DEG C, waste heat recovery is realized.Red mud dryer
31 provided with heat exchange oil-in, the heat exchange oil-in of the heat exchange oil export connection red mud dryer 31 of the second heat exchanger 61.Second changes
The high temperature heat exchange oil of hot device 61 enters red mud dryer 31, the thermal source dried as red mud.
Purifier 62 includes pyrolysis gas entrance and combustible gas is exported, the Low Temperature Thermal outlet connection of the second heat exchanger 61
The pyrolysis gas entrance of purifier 62.In the embodiment of the present invention, purifier 62 is cyclone dust collectors, can be removed in pyrolysis gas
Flying dust, obtains combustible gas.Combustible gas is respectively fed to the heat accumulating type radiation of the heat accumulation type radiant tube and ash melting stove 4 of fluid bed 2
Pipe, as fuel, energy is provided for whole system.Flying dust is admitted to ash melting stove 4, the melting and solidification together with lime-ash, generation
Vitreum.
In embodiments of the present invention, red mud is catalyzed rubbish as catalyst, and the primary chemical composition of wherein red mud is：CaO
Account for total amount 30%~40%, SiO215%~20% is accounted for, iron-aluminium oxide respectively accounts for 10% or so, a small amount of other gold such as also NiO
Belong to oxide；CaO, Fe in red mud2O3, NiO can be with decomposing organic matter and pyrolysis fuel oil, mainly due to alkalinous metal oxidation
Thing influences the pi-electron cloud stability in organic matter volatile matter and tar component, so as to reduce the activation energy of its cracking reaction, makes
Obtain tar and be further cracked into micro-molecular gas.While SiO present in red mud2、Fe2O3It is also good carrier Deng material, can
With the alkaline metal oxide effectively fixed in red mud, prevent from losing with the dissipation of pyrolysis gas during pyrolytic gasification.In addition,
Red mud can after heat treatment form loose structure, so as to increase the specific surface area of red mud, further increase red mud catalysis
Effect.In order to reduce the content of tar in refuse pyrolysis product, conventional refuse pyrolysis gasification temperature is utilized more than 1000 DEG C
Red mud can effectively reduce the temperature needed for refuse pyrolysis as the catalyst of refuse pyrolysis, reduce system energy consumption.
As shown in Fig. 2 on the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of side that refuse pyrolysis is carried out using said system
Method, comprises the following steps：
1st, rubbish is sent into rubbish drying machine, rubbish is dried, obtain garbage drying, the moisture content of garbage drying≤
10%.
2nd, garbage drying is sent into refuse grinder, it is broken after obtain shredding refuse, the particle diameter of shredding refuse for 10~
20mm。
3rd, shredding refuse is mixed in kneader with additive, obtains compound.
4th, comminutor is fed the mixture into, granulated garbage is obtained.
5th, crushed after red mud is dried, obtain red mud particle, the particle diameter of red mud particle is 10~15mm.
The 6th, red mud particle is sent into the pyrolysis vaporizer of fluid bed, red mud particle is into fluidised form under wind-force effect.
7th, granulated garbage is sent into pyrolysis vaporizer, pyrolysis vaporizer by the temperature of pyrolysis vaporizer at 800~1000 DEG C
The mass ratio of interior granulated garbage and red mud particle is 1:4~1:10, granulated garbage is pyrolyzed in pyrolysis vaporizer, produces heat
Vent one's spleen and lime-ash.
8th, lime-ash is sent into ash melting stove, the melting and solidification under conditions of 1400~1900 DEG C obtains vitreum.
9th, vitreum is sent into First Heat Exchanger, exchanged heat with heat exchange oil, the heat exchange oil after First Heat Exchanger is heated up
Rubbish drying machine is delivered to, the thermal source of garbage drying is used as.
10th, pyrolysis gas is sent into the second heat exchanger, is exchanged heat with heat exchange oil, obtain Low Temperature Thermal；By the second heat exchange
Heat exchange oil after device heating is delivered to red mud dryer, is used as the thermal source for drying red mud.
11st, Low Temperature Thermal feeding purifier is purified, obtains combustible gas；By combustible gas be delivered to fluid bed and
Ash melting stove, is used as fuel.
The system and method for the refuse pyrolysis of the embodiment of the present invention, by the use of solid waste red mud as the catalyst of refuse pyrolysis,
Reduce the cost of processing rubbish；Red mud can improve the quality of pyrolysis gas, reduce tar yield, it is to avoid tar coking, block
Pipeline；The waste heat of vitreum and pyrolysis gas, garbage drying and red mud are reclaimed, the energy consumption of whole system is reduced；Fluid bed and ash
Slag melting furnace is heated using heat accumulation type radiant tube, and the low heat value combustible gas produced that gasified by the use of refuse pyrolysis is used as fuel, drop
Low system operation cost.
Embodiment 1
1st, rubbish is sent into rubbish drying machine, rubbish is dried, obtain garbage drying, the moisture content of garbage drying
10%.
2nd, garbage drying is sent into refuse grinder, shredding refuse is obtained after crushing, the particle diameter of shredding refuse is 15mm.
3rd, shredding refuse is mixed in kneader with additive, obtains compound.
4th, comminutor is fed the mixture into, granulated garbage is obtained.
5th, crushed after red mud is dried, obtain red mud particle, the particle diameter of red mud particle is 10mm.
The 6th, red mud particle is sent into the pyrolysis vaporizer of fluid bed, red mud particle is into fluidised form under wind-force effect.
7th, the temperature of pyrolysis vaporizer is at 800 DEG C, the rubbish that granulated garbage is sent into pyrolysis vaporizer, pyrolytic gasification room
The mass ratio of rubbish particle and red mud particle is 1:4, granulated garbage is pyrolyzed in pyrolysis vaporizer, produces pyrolysis gas and lime-ash.
8th, lime-ash is sent into ash melting stove, the melting and solidification under conditions of 1500 DEG C obtains vitreum.
9th, vitreum is sent into First Heat Exchanger, exchanged heat with heat exchange oil, the heat exchange oil after First Heat Exchanger is heated up
Rubbish drying machine is delivered to, the thermal source of garbage drying is used as.
10th, pyrolysis gas is sent into the second heat exchanger, is exchanged heat with heat exchange oil, obtain Low Temperature Thermal；By the second heat exchange
Heat exchange oil after device heating is delivered to red mud dryer, is used as the thermal source for drying red mud.
11st, Low Temperature Thermal feeding purifier is purified, obtains combustible gas；By combustible gas be delivered to fluid bed and
Ash melting stove, is used as fuel.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the pyrolysis gas each component volume fraction that pyrolysis oven is produced is H2:35%, CH4:17%, CO:
20%, gas gross calorific value is 4700kcal/m3。
Embodiment 2
1st, rubbish is sent into rubbish drying machine, rubbish is dried, obtain garbage drying, the moisture content of garbage drying
9%.
2nd, garbage drying is sent into refuse grinder, shredding refuse is obtained after crushing, the particle diameter of shredding refuse is 10mm.
3rd, shredding refuse is mixed in kneader with additive, obtains compound.
4th, comminutor is fed the mixture into, granulated garbage is obtained.
5th, crushed after red mud is dried, obtain red mud particle, the particle diameter of red mud particle is 15mm.
The 6th, red mud particle is sent into the pyrolysis vaporizer of fluid bed, red mud particle is into fluidised form under wind-force effect.
7th, the temperature of pyrolysis vaporizer is at 900 DEG C, the rubbish that granulated garbage is sent into pyrolysis vaporizer, pyrolytic gasification room
The mass ratio of rubbish particle and red mud particle is 1:6, granulated garbage is pyrolyzed in pyrolysis vaporizer, produces pyrolysis gas and lime-ash.
8th, lime-ash is sent into ash melting stove, the melting and solidification under conditions of 1400 DEG C obtains vitreum.
9th, vitreum is sent into First Heat Exchanger, exchanged heat with heat exchange oil, the heat exchange oil after First Heat Exchanger is heated up
Rubbish drying machine is delivered to, the thermal source of garbage drying is used as.
10th, pyrolysis gas is sent into the second heat exchanger, is exchanged heat with heat exchange oil, obtain Low Temperature Thermal；By the second heat exchange
Heat exchange oil after device heating is delivered to red mud dryer, is used as the thermal source for drying red mud.
11st, Low Temperature Thermal feeding purifier is purified, obtains combustible gas；By combustible gas be delivered to fluid bed and
Ash melting stove, is used as fuel.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the pyrolysis gas each component volume fraction that pyrolysis oven is produced is H2:37%, CH4:22%, CO:
15%, gas gross calorific value is 4460kcal/m3。
Embodiment 3
1st, rubbish is sent into rubbish drying machine, rubbish is dried, obtain garbage drying, the moisture content of garbage drying
8%.
2nd, garbage drying is sent into refuse grinder, shredding refuse is obtained after crushing, the particle diameter of shredding refuse is 20mm.
3rd, shredding refuse is mixed in kneader with additive, obtains compound.
4th, comminutor is fed the mixture into, granulated garbage is obtained.
5th, crushed after red mud is dried, obtain red mud particle, the particle diameter of red mud particle is 12mm.
The 6th, red mud particle is sent into the pyrolysis vaporizer of fluid bed, red mud particle is into fluidised form under wind-force effect.
7th, the temperature of pyrolysis vaporizer sends into granulated garbage in pyrolysis vaporizer, pyrolytic gasification room at 1000 DEG C
The mass ratio of granulated garbage and red mud particle is 1:10, granulated garbage is pyrolyzed in pyrolysis vaporizer, produces pyrolysis gas and ash
Slag.
8th, lime-ash is sent into ash melting stove, the melting and solidification under conditions of 1900 DEG C obtains vitreum.
9th, vitreum is sent into First Heat Exchanger, exchanged heat with heat exchange oil, the heat exchange oil after First Heat Exchanger is heated up
Rubbish drying machine is delivered to, the thermal source of garbage drying is used as.
10th, pyrolysis gas is sent into the second heat exchanger, is exchanged heat with heat exchange oil, obtain Low Temperature Thermal；By the second heat exchange
Heat exchange oil after device heating is delivered to red mud dryer, is used as the thermal source for drying red mud.
11st, Low Temperature Thermal feeding purifier is purified, obtains combustible gas；By combustible gas be delivered to fluid bed and
Ash melting stove, is used as fuel.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the pyrolysis gas each component volume fraction that pyrolysis oven is produced is H2:39%, CH4:19%, CO:
8%, gas gross calorific value is 4380kcal/m3。
It should be noted that each embodiment above by reference to described by accompanying drawing is only to illustrate rather than limitation originally
The scope of invention, it will be understood by those within the art that, it is right under the premise without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
Modification or equivalent substitution that the present invention is carried out, all should cover within the scope of the present invention.In addition, signified unless the context
Outside, the word occurred in the singular includes plural form, and vice versa.In addition, unless stated otherwise, then any embodiment
All or part of can combine all or part of of any other embodiment to use.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of system of fluid bed refuse pyrolysis, it is characterised in that locate in advance including rubbish pretreatment unit, fluid bed, red mud
Manage unit and ash melting stove；
The rubbish pretreatment unit includes garbage inlet and granulated garbage is exported；
The fluid bed includes pyrolysis vaporizer, and the pyrolysis vaporizer is provided with granulated garbage entrance, red mud particle entrance, pyrolysis
Gas is exported and lime-ash outlet；
The red mud pretreatment unit includes red mud dryer and red mud disintegrating machine；
The red mud dryer includes red mud entrance and dry red mud is exported；
The red mud disintegrating machine includes dry red mud entrance and red mud particle outlet, the dry red mud outlet connection of the red mud dryer
The dry red mud entrance of the red mud disintegrating machine；
The ash melting stove includes lime-ash entrance and vitreum is exported；
The granulated garbage entrance of the granulated garbage outlet connection fluid bed of the rubbish pretreatment unit, the red mud is crushed
The red mud particle outlet of machine connects the red mud particle entrance of the fluid bed, the lime-ash outlet connection lime-ash of the fluid bed
The lime-ash entrance of melting furnace.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rubbish pretreatment unit includes rubbish drying machine, rubbish
Rubbish disintegrating machine, kneader and comminutor,
The rubbish drying machine includes garbage inlet and garbage drying is exported；
The refuse grinder includes garbage drying entrance and shredding refuse is exported；
The kneader includes shredding refuse entrance and compound is exported；
The comminutor includes compound entrance and granulated garbage is exported；
The garbage drying entrance of the garbage drying outlet connection refuse grinder of the rubbish drying machine, the refuse breaking
The shredding refuse entrance of the shredding refuse outlet connection kneader of machine, the compound of the kneader is exported to be made described in connection
The compound entrance of grain machine, the granulated garbage entrance of the granulated garbage outlet connection fluid bed of the comminutor.
3. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that further comprise First Heat Exchanger, the First Heat Exchanger
Including vitreum entrance and heat exchange oil export, the rubbish drying machine is provided with heat exchange oil-in, the glass of the ash melting stove
The vitreum entrance of the body outlet connection First Heat Exchanger, the heat exchange oil export of the First Heat Exchanger connects the rubbish and done
The heat exchange oil-in of dry machine.
4. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that further comprise pyrolysis gas clean unit, the pyrolysis gas
Clean unit includes purifier, and the purifier includes pyrolysis gas entrance and combustible gas is exported；The ash melting stove is set
There is heat accumulation type radiant tube；The pyrolysis gas outlet of the fluid bed connects the pyrolysis gas entrance of the purifier, the purification dress
The heat accumulation type radiant tube for the combustible gas outlet connection ash melting stove put.
5. system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the pyrolysis gas clean unit also includes the second heat exchanger,
Second heat exchanger includes high temperature pyrolysis gas entrance, Low Temperature Thermal outlet and heat exchange oil export, and the red mud dryer is set
There is a heat exchange oil-in, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the fluid bed connects the high temperature pyrolysis gas entrance of second heat exchanger, described the
The pyrolysis gas entrance of the Low Temperature Thermal outlet connection purifier of two heat exchangers, the heat exchange oil of second heat exchanger goes out
The heat exchange oil-in of the mouth connection red mud dryer.
6. a kind of method for carrying out refuse pyrolysis using any system of Claims 1 to 55, it is characterised in that including step：
A, rubbish is pre-processed, obtain granulated garbage；
B, red mud is dried after crush, obtain red mud particle, the particle diameter of the red mud particle is 10~15mm；
C, the pyrolysis vaporizer that the red mud particle is sent into the fluid bed, the red mud particle is into stream under wind-force effect
State；
D, the pyrolysis vaporizer temperature at 800~1000 DEG C, the granulated garbage is sent into the pyrolysis vaporizer, institute
The mass ratio for stating the granulated garbage in pyrolytic gasification room and red mud particle is 1:4~1:10, the granulated garbage is in the pyrolysis
Vaporizer is pyrolyzed, and produces pyrolysis gas and lime-ash；
E, the lime-ash is sent into the ash melting stove, the melting and solidification under conditions of 1400~1900 DEG C obtains vitreum.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the rubbish pretreatment in the step A includes：
Rubbish is sent into the rubbish drying machine, rubbish is dried, garbage drying, the moisture content of the garbage drying is obtained
≤ 10%；
The garbage drying is sent into the refuse grinder, shredding refuse is obtained after crushing, the particle diameter of the shredding refuse is
10~20mm；
The shredding refuse is mixed in kneader with additive, compound is obtained；
The compound is sent into comminutor, granulated garbage is obtained.
8. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the vitreum feeding first for producing the step E exchanges heat
Device, is exchanged heat, the heat exchange oil after the First Heat Exchanger is heated up is delivered to the rubbish drying machine with heat exchange oil, as dry
The thermal source of dry rubbish.
9. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the pyrolysis gas for producing the step D sends into purifier
Purified, obtain combustible gas；The combustible gas is delivered to the ash melting stove, fuel is used as.
10. method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the pyrolysis gas is first sent into the second heat exchanger, with heat exchange
Oil is exchanged heat, and obtains Low Temperature Thermal, and the Low Temperature Thermal is sent into the purifier afterwards is purified, and acquisition can
Combustion gas；Heat exchange oil after second heat exchanger is heated up is delivered to red mud dryer, is used as the thermal source for drying red mud.
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