CN102504843B - Heat accumulation type fuel gas radiation pipe rotary hearth furnace domestic garbage dry distillation method - Google Patents
Heat accumulation type fuel gas radiation pipe rotary hearth furnace domestic garbage dry distillation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种蓄热式燃气辐射管转底炉生活垃圾干馏方法。生活垃圾经过预处理、粉碎、成型后，在环形转底炉的转动床底均匀铺料。随着转底炉床底的转动，垃圾原料在密闭空间内被逐渐加热到400～700℃，生成干馏气、气态的可凝液体和残余固体。干馏气和气态的可凝液体经过收集器收集，残余固体旋转一周后通过出料机构排出转底炉。干馏气作为燃气在蓄热式燃气辐射管燃烧器内燃烧，为干馏提供能量。可凝液体经过油水分离，得到焦油，干馏后的残余固体可以分选出炭黑和金属物质。将蓄热式燃气辐射管燃烧技术和垃圾干馏技术相结合，在将垃圾干馏得到焦油、碳黑等资源的同时，实现了垃圾处理的无害化和减量化。
The invention discloses a dry distillation method for domestic garbage in a heat storage type gas radiant tube rotary hearth furnace. After the domestic waste is pretreated, crushed and shaped, it is evenly spread on the bottom of the rotating bed of the annular rotary hearth furnace. With the rotation of the bottom of the rotary hearth furnace, the garbage raw materials are gradually heated to 400-700°C in the closed space to generate dry distillation gas, gaseous condensable liquid and residual solid. Dry distillation gas and gaseous condensable liquid are collected by the collector, and the residual solid is discharged from the rotary hearth furnace through the discharge mechanism after one revolution. Dry distillation gas is burned in the regenerative gas radiant tube burner as gas to provide energy for dry distillation. The condensable liquid is separated from oil and water to obtain tar, and the residual solid after dry distillation can be separated into carbon black and metal substances. Combining the regenerative gas radiant tube combustion technology with the dry distillation technology of waste, while obtaining tar, carbon black and other resources from dry distillation of waste, it realizes the harmlessness and reduction of waste disposal.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种生活垃圾处理技术，尤其涉及一种蓄热式燃气辐射管转底炉生活垃圾干馏方法。The invention relates to a domestic waste treatment technology, in particular to a method for dry distillation of domestic waste in a regenerative gas radiant tube rotary hearth furnace.
背景技术 Background technique
随着社会经济的不断发展和改革开放的日益深入，随着人口的迅速增长和人民生活水平的不断提高，相应而生的生活垃圾量也不断增加，产生与消纳之间的矛盾日趋突出。垃圾处理的根本目的在于减量化、无害化和资源化。目前传统的处理方法有卫生填埋、堆肥和焚烧等。With the continuous development of the social economy and the deepening of reform and opening up, with the rapid growth of population and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the amount of domestic waste generated is also increasing, and the contradiction between production and consumption is becoming increasingly prominent. The fundamental purpose of garbage disposal is to reduce, harmless and recycle. At present, the traditional treatment methods include sanitary landfill, composting and incineration.
垃圾卫生填埋是按卫生填埋工程技术标准处理生活垃圾的一种方法。卫生填埋具有技术简单、处理量大、风险小，建设费用、运行成本相对较低等优点，但卫生填埋对场址条件要求较高，所需的覆盖土量较大。Garbage sanitary landfill is a method of disposing of domestic waste according to the technical standards of sanitary landfill engineering. Sanitary landfill has the advantages of simple technology, large processing capacity, low risk, relatively low construction and operating costs, etc. However, sanitary landfill has high requirements on site conditions and requires a large amount of covering soil.
垃圾堆肥处理的优点在于能使垃圾转化为可利用的资源，既增加了垃圾处理的经济效益，又减少了垃圾最终填埋用地，节约土地资源。但垃圾堆肥需一定的技术和设备，建设投资和处理成本相对较高，堆肥产品的产量、质量和价格受垃圾成分影响较大，肥料中超标的重金属会污染农作物，还可能会伤害人畜。The advantage of garbage composting is that it can turn garbage into usable resources, which not only increases the economic benefits of garbage treatment, but also reduces the land for garbage final landfill and saves land resources. However, waste composting requires certain technology and equipment, and construction investment and processing costs are relatively high. The output, quality and price of composting products are greatly affected by the composition of waste. Excessive heavy metals in fertilizers will pollute crops and may harm humans and animals.
垃圾焚烧法是一种对生活垃圾进行高温热化学处理的工艺。通过焚烧可以使垃圾中可燃物氧化分解，达到减少体积、去除毒物、回收能量的目的。焚烧法减量化的效果最好，无害化程度高，且产生的热量可作能源回收利用，资源化效果好。该法占地少，处理能力可以调节，处理周期短；但建设投资大，处理成本高，处理效果受垃圾成分和热值的影响，特别是焚烧产生的二噁英会对环境产生严重污染。The waste incineration method is a process of high-temperature thermochemical treatment of domestic waste. Combustibles in garbage can be oxidized and decomposed by incineration to achieve the purpose of reducing volume, removing poison and recovering energy. The incineration method has the best reduction effect, a high degree of harmlessness, and the heat generated can be used for energy recovery, and the resource utilization effect is good. This method occupies less land, the processing capacity can be adjusted, and the processing cycle is short; but the construction investment is large, the processing cost is high, and the processing effect is affected by the waste composition and calorific value, especially the dioxin produced by incineration will cause serious pollution to the environment.
整体而言，填埋、堆肥和焚烧技术较为成熟，使用也较多。不同的处理方法都有其特点，但是也都存在不足，无法满足现阶段生活垃圾处理处置的需求。Generally speaking, landfill, composting and incineration technologies are more mature and widely used. Different treatment methods have their own characteristics, but they also have shortcomings, which cannot meet the needs of domestic waste treatment and disposal at this stage.
垃圾干馏是在无氧条件下，利用高温使生活垃圾中有机高分子的化学键发生断裂，释放出各种挥发份的反应过程，其产物为碳化物、干馏气(H2、CH4、CO等)和可凝液体(焦油、水、酸等)。现有技术中的垃圾干馏方法主要有以下几种：Garbage dry distillation is a reaction process in which the chemical bonds of organic polymers in domestic waste are broken by high temperature under anaerobic conditions and various volatile components are released. The products are carbides, dry distillation gas (H 2 , CH 4 , CO, etc. ) and condensable liquids (tar, water, acid, etc.). The garbage dry distillation method in the prior art mainly contains following several kinds:
专利号为CN02123583的专利，首次公开了一种城市生活垃圾高温干馏处理方法，采用的是传统炼焦装置，将分选出来的有机轻质组分和煤混合后进行高温干馏，并回收焦炭、焦油和煤气，实现了有机轻质垃圾的无害化和资源化。The patent No. CN02123583 discloses a high-temperature dry distillation treatment method for municipal solid waste for the first time. It uses a traditional coking device to mix the sorted organic light components with coal and carry out high-temperature dry distillation to recover coke and tar. and gas, realizing the harmless and recycling of organic light waste.
专利号CN1224043，公开了一种在煤中添加废塑料的低温热解工艺。这两种方法都采用了传统的炼焦设备、原料以废塑料和轻质有机组分为主，并且是作为一种辅料加入到焦炉中干馏处理，没有达到工业应用的程度。日本的许多垃圾干馏相关的专利也存在着这种情况，一是不能处理原生生活垃圾，系统的针对性差；二是工艺能耗和成本高。Patent No. CN1224043 discloses a low-temperature pyrolysis process of adding waste plastics to coal. These two methods both use traditional coking equipment, and the raw materials are mainly waste plastics and light organic components, and they are added to the coke oven as an auxiliary material for carbonization treatment, which has not reached the level of industrial application. This situation also exists in many patents related to waste distillation in Japan. First, it cannot deal with primary domestic waste, and the system is poorly targeted; second, the energy consumption and cost of the process are high.
专利CN200520007416公开了一种垃圾干馏气化炉，它对以煤为原料的干馏气化炉的进料口和推料器进行了改进，用于垃圾的干馏，解决了进料和密封的问题。但该专利没有解决垃圾干馏能量消耗的问题，也没有针对垃圾干馏的特殊性，提及原料和产品的工艺问题。Patent CN200520007416 discloses a garbage retort gasifier, which improves the feed port and pusher of the retort gasifier using coal as raw material, and is used for garbage retort, solving the problems of feeding and sealing. However, this patent does not solve the problem of energy consumption of waste carbonization, nor does it mention the process problems of raw materials and products in view of the particularity of waste carbonization.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种效率高、处理彻底、成本低、资源化利用率高并能对生活垃圾大规模无害化处理的蓄热式燃气辐射管转底炉干馏方法，The purpose of the present invention is to provide a regenerative gas radiant tube rotary hearth furnace dry distillation method with high efficiency, thorough treatment, low cost, high resource utilization rate and large-scale harmless treatment of domestic waste.
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
本发明的蓄热式燃气辐射管转底炉生活垃圾干馏方法，包括步骤：The regenerative gas radiant tube rotary hearth furnace domestic waste dry distillation method of the present invention comprises the steps of:
A、垃圾的前处理：将生活垃圾经过预处理后得到能作为垃圾干馏的原料；A. Garbage pretreatment: After pretreatment of domestic garbage, raw materials that can be used as garbage dry distillation are obtained;
B、垃圾干馏：将所述能作为垃圾干馏的原料在蓄热式燃气辐射管转底炉的转动床底均匀铺料，随着转动床底的转动，原料在密闭空间内被逐渐加热到400～700℃，生成气态物和残余固体；B. Garbage dry distillation: The raw materials that can be used as garbage dry distillation are evenly spread on the bottom of the rotating bed of the regenerative gas radiant tube rotary hearth furnace. With the rotation of the rotating bed bottom, the raw materials are gradually heated to 400 °C in the closed space. ~700°C, gaseous substances and residual solids are generated;
所述气态物经过收集器收集，所述残余固体在转动床底旋转停留一周后排出转底炉；The gaseous matter is collected by a collector, and the residual solid is discharged from the rotary hearth furnace after rotating and staying at the bottom of the rotating bed for one week;
所述转底炉内的热量由布置在转底炉内的蓄热式燃气辐射管提供，所述辐射管内的烟气与转底炉内的气氛隔绝；The heat in the rotary hearth furnace is provided by a regenerative gas radiant tube arranged in the rotary hearth furnace, and the flue gas in the radiant tube is isolated from the atmosphere in the rotary hearth furnace;
C、干馏产物的收集和后处理：收集器收集的气态物经过冷凝，分离出干馏气和可凝液体，干馏气全部或部分作为蓄热式燃气辐射管的燃料；C. Collection and post-processing of dry distillation products: the gaseous matter collected by the collector is condensed to separate dry distillation gas and condensable liquid, and all or part of dry distillation gas is used as fuel for regenerative gas radiant tubes;
可凝液体经过油水分离，得到焦油和污水；The condensable liquid is separated from oil and water to obtain tar and sewage;
排出的残余固体分选出碳化物和废渣。The discharged residual solids are separated into carbides and waste residues.
由上述本发明提供的技术方案可知，本发明的蓄热式燃气辐射管转底炉生活垃圾干馏方法，将能量利用效率高的蓄热式燃气辐射管转底炉技术应用于生活垃圾的大规模干馏热解处理，使垃圾可以连续地进入转底炉进行干馏而产物连续地排出。产生的干馏气、焦油和碳化物可以作为燃料和原料综合利用，提高了资源化利用效率、避免了焚烧带来的二噁英污染问题。干馏气通过蓄热式辐射管燃烧为转底炉中的垃圾提供干馏的能量，解决了外热式加热方式能量消耗大、运行成本高的问题。It can be seen from the technical solution provided by the present invention above that the regenerative gas radiant tube rotary hearth furnace domestic waste carbonization method of the present invention applies the regenerative gas radiant tube rotary hearth furnace technology with high energy utilization efficiency to large-scale domestic waste production. Dry distillation pyrolysis treatment, so that the garbage can continuously enter the rotary hearth furnace for dry distillation and the products are continuously discharged. The produced dry distillation gas, tar and carbide can be comprehensively utilized as fuel and raw materials, which improves resource utilization efficiency and avoids the problem of dioxin pollution caused by incineration. The retort gas is burned through the regenerative radiant tube to provide retort energy for the garbage in the rotary hearth furnace, which solves the problems of large energy consumption and high operating cost of the external heating method.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明蓄热式燃气辐射管转底炉生活垃圾干馏方法的流程图。Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the domestic waste dry distillation method in the regenerative gas radiant tube rotary hearth furnace of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
本发明蓄热式燃气辐射管转底炉生活垃圾干馏方法，其较佳的具体实施方式包括步骤：The method for dry distillation of domestic waste in a regenerative gas radiant tube rotary hearth furnace of the present invention, its preferred specific implementation method includes the steps:
A、垃圾的前处理：将生活垃圾经过预处理后得到能作为垃圾干馏的原料；A. Garbage pretreatment: After pretreatment of domestic garbage, raw materials that can be used as garbage dry distillation are obtained;
B、垃圾干馏：将所述能作为垃圾干馏的原料在蓄热式燃气辐射管转底炉的转动床底均匀铺料，随着转动床底的转动，原料在密闭空间内被逐渐加热到400～700℃，生成气态物和残余固体；B. Garbage dry distillation: The raw materials that can be used as garbage dry distillation are evenly spread on the bottom of the rotating bed of the regenerative gas radiant tube rotary hearth furnace. With the rotation of the rotating bed bottom, the raw materials are gradually heated to 400 °C in the closed space. ~700°C, gaseous substances and residual solids are generated;
所述气态物经过收集器收集，所述残余固体在炉内停留一周后排出转底炉；The gaseous matter is collected by a collector, and the residual solid is discharged from the rotary hearth furnace after staying in the furnace for a week;
所述转底炉内的热量由布置在转底炉内的蓄热式燃气辐射管提供，所述辐射管内的烟气与转底炉内的气氛隔绝；The heat in the rotary hearth furnace is provided by a regenerative gas radiant tube arranged in the rotary hearth furnace, and the flue gas in the radiant tube is isolated from the atmosphere in the rotary hearth furnace;
C、干馏产物的收集和后处理：收集器收集的气态物经过冷凝分离出干馏气和可凝液体，干馏气全部或部分作为蓄热式燃气辐射管的燃料；C. Collection and post-processing of dry distillation products: the gaseous matter collected by the collector is condensed to separate dry distillation gas and condensable liquid, and all or part of dry distillation gas is used as fuel for regenerative gas radiant tubes;
可凝液体经过油水分离，得到焦油和污水；The condensable liquid is separated from oil and water to obtain tar and sewage;
排出的残余固体分选出碳化物和废渣。The discharged residual solids are separated into carbides and waste residues.
所述的预处理包括以下一项或多项：The pretreatment includes one or more of the following:
对含水量较高的生活垃圾在垃圾坑中堆放3～7天后，沥出10％～15％的渗沥液；For household garbage with high water content, after 3-7 days in the garbage pit, leach out 10%-15% leachate;
对生活垃圾破袋后，用50mm～80mm孔径的筛网进行筛分，取垃圾筛上物；After breaking the bag of domestic garbage, use a sieve with an aperture of 50mm to 80mm to sieve, and take the garbage on the sieve;
对生活垃圾进行分选处理得到单一或混合组分的轻质有机垃圾；Sorting domestic waste to obtain light organic waste with single or mixed components;
对生活垃圾进行分选处理得到垃圾衍生燃料。Sorting and processing domestic waste to obtain waste-derived fuel.
所述的预处理之后还包括：Also include after described pretreatment:
将所述能作为垃圾干馏的原料进行粉碎后压缩成型。The raw material that can be used as garbage dry distillation is crushed and then compressed and molded.
将所述能作为垃圾干馏的原料粉碎成10～40mm的碎块，并压缩成颗粒状、块状或圆柱状。The raw material that can be used as garbage dry distillation is crushed into fragments of 10-40 mm, and compressed into granular, block or cylindrical shape.
所述原料在转动床底铺料200～300mm厚，在400～700℃的反应温度下停留1～2小时。The raw material is spread on the bottom of the rotating bed with a thickness of 200-300mm, and stays at a reaction temperature of 400-700°C for 1-2 hours.
本发明将能量利用效率高的蓄热式燃气辐射管转底炉技术应用于生活垃圾的大规模干馏热解处理，使垃圾可以连续地进入转底炉进行干馏而产物连续地排出。产生的干馏气、焦油和碳化物可以作为燃料和原料综合利用，提高了资源化利用效率、避免了焚烧带来的二噁英污染问题。干馏气通过蓄热式辐射管燃烧为转底炉中的垃圾提供干馏的能量，解决了外热式加热方式能量消耗大、运行成本高的问题。The invention applies the regenerative gas radiant tube rotary hearth furnace technology with high energy utilization efficiency to the large-scale dry distillation and pyrolysis treatment of domestic waste, so that the waste can continuously enter the rotary hearth furnace for dry distillation and the products are continuously discharged. The produced dry distillation gas, tar and carbide can be comprehensively utilized as fuel and raw materials, which improves resource utilization efficiency and avoids the problem of dioxin pollution caused by incineration. The retort gas is burned through the regenerative radiant tube to provide retort energy for the garbage in the rotary hearth furnace, which solves the problems of large energy consumption and high operating cost of the external heating method.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1)生活垃圾的处理量较大，对干馏工艺的规模化，特别是连续工作的能力有要求。本方法的干馏床为环形转底炉，可以做到垃圾的连续进料和出料。实现规模化和产业化。另外干馏前的粉碎、成型增大了垃圾的堆密度，提高了处理能力。(1) The amount of domestic waste to be processed is relatively large, which requires the large-scale retort process, especially the ability to work continuously. The dry distillation bed of the method is an annular rotary hearth furnace, which can realize continuous feeding and discharging of garbage. Achieve scale and industrialization. In addition, the crushing and forming before dry distillation increase the bulk density of garbage and improve the processing capacity.
(2)由于城市生活垃圾的热值普遍较低、含水率较高，导致干馏产物热值低、干馏过程中水的气化吸收大量热量。传统的外热式加热方式消耗大量的燃气，运行费用过大。本发明首先在干馏前对生活垃圾进行预处理，通过堆放、分选等办法降低垃圾含水率，其次采用双蓄热式燃气辐射管燃烧器，用低热值的干馏气代替外购燃气作为燃料气，不仅实现了稳定燃烧，且燃烧效率可达85％以上，保证了生活垃圾干馏能量的自给，从而降低了运行成本。(2) Since the calorific value of municipal solid waste is generally low and the water content is high, the calorific value of the retort product is low, and the gasification of water in the retort process absorbs a large amount of heat. The traditional external heating method consumes a large amount of gas, and the operating cost is too high. In the present invention, firstly, the domestic garbage is pretreated before dry distillation, and the moisture content of the garbage is reduced by methods such as stacking and sorting; secondly, double regenerative gas radiant tube burners are used, and dry distillation gas with low calorific value is used instead of purchased gas as fuel gas , not only achieves stable combustion, but also has a combustion efficiency of over 85%, which ensures the self-sufficiency of domestic waste carbonization energy, thereby reducing operating costs.
(3)加热过程中烟气与干馏气隔离，加上转底炉的密封设计，保证了干馏在无氧条件下进行，从而最大限度地提高了干馏气的热值。(3) During the heating process, the flue gas is isolated from the retort gas, and the sealing design of the rotary hearth furnace ensures that the retort is carried out under anaerobic conditions, thereby maximizing the calorific value of the retort gas.
(4)垃圾经过干馏，产物干馏气、焦油和碳化物不但能作为燃料，而且可以作为工业原料出售，具有比发电更好的经济价值。(4) After dry distillation of garbage, the products of dry distillation gas, tar and carbide can not only be used as fuel, but also can be sold as industrial raw materials, which have better economic value than power generation.
(5)本发明相比于垃圾焚烧方法，对环境更友善。垃圾干馏极大地减少了烟气排放和粉尘排放，杜绝了二噁英对环境的污染；不会产生大量的飞灰等危险废弃物。(5) Compared with the garbage incineration method, the present invention is more friendly to the environment. Garbage dry distillation greatly reduces smoke and dust emissions, and eliminates the pollution of dioxins to the environment; it will not produce a large amount of hazardous waste such as fly ash.
具体实施例：Specific examples:
生活垃圾经过预处理后进入粉碎机，被粉碎成10～40mm的碎块，垃圾碎块在成型机中压缩成块状或圆柱状，然后由皮带机输送到垃圾料仓，定量向转底炉的铺料机构给料。垃圾在蓄热式燃气辐射管转底炉内铺料200～300mm厚，在400～700℃的反应温度下停留1～2小时，垃圾在无氧状态下干馏，产生的气态物质由转底炉顶部或侧壁的管路收集。干馏后的残余固体由转底炉的密封出料机构排出。Domestic waste enters the pulverizer after pretreatment, and is crushed into pieces of 10-40mm. The garbage pieces are compressed into blocks or cylinders in the molding machine, and then transported to the garbage silo by the belt conveyor, and quantitatively sent to the rotary hearth furnace. The spreading mechanism feeds the material. Garbage is spread in the regenerative gas radiant tube rotary hearth furnace with a thickness of 200-300mm, and it stays at a reaction temperature of 400-700°C for 1-2 hours. Tube collection on top or side wall. The residual solid after dry distillation is discharged from the sealed discharge mechanism of the rotary hearth furnace.
所述的预处理包括：a.对含水量较高的生活垃圾在垃圾坑中堆放3～7天后，沥出10％～15％的渗沥液；b.对生活垃圾破袋后，用50mm～80mm孔径的筛网进行筛分，取垃圾筛上物进行干馏；c.为了得到废塑料、纸张等单一组分而进行的生活垃圾分选处理；d.为了得到垃圾衍生燃料(RDF)而进行的处理过程。The pretreatment includes: a. After the household garbage with higher water content is piled up in the garbage pit for 3 to 7 days, leach out 10% to 15% of the leachate; b. After the household garbage is broken, use a 50mm ~80mm pore size sieve for sieving, and take garbage sieve for dry distillation; c. Sorting domestic waste in order to obtain single components such as waste plastics and paper; d. In order to obtain refuse derived fuel (RDF) processing performed.
所述的粉碎和成型过程是为了干馏过程及产物最优化而实施的处理方式，但不是必需的步骤，可以根据垃圾干馏处理实际情况对粉碎和成型过程进行取舍。The pulverization and molding process described above is a processing method implemented for the optimization of the carbonization process and products, but it is not a necessary step, and the crushing and molding process can be selected according to the actual situation of garbage carbonization treatment.
所述的蓄热式燃气辐射管转底炉是实现垃圾干馏的主体设备，它包括转底炉干馏炉，蓄热式燃气辐射管燃烧器，以及铺料、出料等辅助机构。转底炉干馏炉为垃圾干馏提供反应的空间和环境。蓄热式燃气辐射管燃烧器通过蓄热式燃烧器对燃气(空气)进行预热，并在辐射管中高效燃烧，以热辐射的方式提供转底炉内生活垃圾干馏所需热量。蓄热式燃气辐射管燃烧器的热效率达到85％以上，更重要的是可以稳定燃烧低热值的燃气。The regenerative gas radiant tube rotary hearth furnace is the main equipment to realize waste carbonization, and it includes a rotary hearth furnace retort, a regenerative gas radiant tube burner, and auxiliary mechanisms such as laying and discharging materials. Rotary hearth furnace retort provides reaction space and environment for garbage retort. The regenerative gas radiant tube burner preheats the gas (air) through the regenerative burner, and burns it efficiently in the radiant tube, and provides the heat required for the dry distillation of domestic waste in the rotary hearth furnace in the form of heat radiation. The thermal efficiency of the regenerative gas radiant tube burner reaches over 85%, and more importantly, it can stably burn gas with low calorific value.
从干馏炉出来的气态物质首先经过冷凝装置降温，其中的可凝液体被凝结出来。可凝液体包括大量的水、部分焦油以及酸、醇等其他有机物和粉尘等。可凝液体再经过油水分离，得到的焦油可以作为原料出售或进一步精加工；分离出来的污水经过污水处理后达标排放。The gaseous substances coming out of the carbonization furnace are first cooled by the condensing device, and the condensable liquid in it is condensed out. Condensable liquids include a large amount of water, some tar, acids, alcohols and other organic matter and dust. The condensable liquid is separated from oil and water, and the tar obtained can be sold as raw material or further refined; the separated sewage is treated and discharged up to standard.
冷凝降温后仍为气体的干馏气经过净化(除焦、脱硫、脱硝)后，被存储在气罐中。气罐中的干馏气通过压力设备和管道与蓄热式燃烧器相连，作为燃气为蓄热式燃烧器提供气源。另设有一路补燃燃气气路，当干馏气不够或不稳定时提供补燃燃气。The retort gas which is still a gas after condensation and cooling is stored in a gas tank after being purified (decoking, desulfurization, and denitrification). The dry distillation gas in the gas tank is connected to the regenerative burner through pressure equipment and pipelines, and is used as gas to provide gas source for the regenerative burner. There is also a supplementary combustion gas circuit, which provides supplementary combustion gas when the retort gas is insufficient or unstable.
冷却后的干馏残余固体主要包括炭黑、灰分和金属等，具体成分与干馏的生活垃圾组成有关。经过高温处理后的残余固体不再含恶臭物质，可以视具体组分，分选出其中的炭黑或金属物质，加以回收利用。The cooled dry distillation residual solids mainly include carbon black, ash and metals, etc., and the specific components are related to the composition of the dry distillation domestic waste. After high-temperature treatment, the residual solid no longer contains malodorous substances. Depending on the specific components, the carbon black or metal substances can be sorted out for recycling.
本发明所述的蓄热式燃气辐射管转底炉生活垃圾干馏方法，首次采用蓄热式燃气辐射管转底炉作为干馏设备，对生活垃圾进行干馏。生活垃圾预处理简单，干馏设备热效率高，干馏所需能量来源于干馏气，干馏产品经济效益好，工艺环保。The regenerative gas radiant tube rotary hearth furnace domestic waste dry distillation method described in the present invention adopts the regenerative gas radiant tube rotary hearth furnace as the dry distillation equipment for the first time to dry domestic waste. The pretreatment of domestic waste is simple, the thermal efficiency of the dry distillation equipment is high, the energy required for dry distillation comes from the dry distillation gas, the dry distillation products have good economic benefits, and the process is environmentally friendly.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention can easily think of changes or Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
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