CN110938473A - System and method for realizing energy utilization of traditional Chinese medicine waste residues by utilizing red mud solid waste - Google Patents
System and method for realizing energy utilization of traditional Chinese medicine waste residues by utilizing red mud solid waste Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
- C04B33/1322—Red mud
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1328—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues without additional clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/721—Multistage gasification, e.g. plural parallel or serial gasification stages
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/95—Products characterised by their size, e.g. microceramics
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- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
- C10J2300/0923—Sludge, e.g. from water treatment plant
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- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
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- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
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- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for realizing energy utilization of traditional Chinese medicine waste residues by utilizing red mud solid waste, wherein the system comprises an air reactor, a gasification reactor, a red mud multifunctional carrier supplement and feed device, an air source, a gas-solid separator I, a preheater I, a drying device, a crushing device, a mechanical dewatering device, a biomass solid waste feed device, a gas-solid separator II, a synthetic gas treatment system, a combustor, an impurity removal device and a preheater II; the method comprises the steps of oxidizing red mud multifunctional carrier particles in an air reactor, then feeding the oxidized red mud multifunctional carrier particles into a gasification reactor, dehydrating, crushing and drying traditional Chinese medicine waste residues, then feeding the traditional Chinese medicine waste residues into the gasification reactor, carrying out contact reaction on the traditional Chinese medicine waste residue dry particles and the red mud multifunctional carrier particles in a high-temperature and anoxic environment, and gasifying the traditional Chinese medicine waste residues to generate synthesis gas under the action of water vapor. The invention provides a method for simultaneously treating the red mud and the waste residue of the traditional Chinese medicine for the first time, which not only fully realizes the energy utilization of the waste residue of the traditional Chinese medicine, but also realizes the harmless treatment of the waste residue of the traditional Chinese medicine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste recycling, in particular to a system and a method for realizing energy utilization of traditional Chinese medicine waste residues by utilizing red mud solid waste.
Background
The traditional Chinese medicine waste residue is relatively special biomass solid waste, contains abundant lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and a large amount of bioactive substances such as polysaccharide, protein, amino acid and the like, has high water content, is easy to decay and is easy to generate environmental pollution. At present, about 3000 million tons of Chinese medicine waste residue is generated in China every year. The traditional Chinese medicine waste residue treatment usually adopts low-level treatment modes such as direct incineration, landfill, open-air stacking and the like. The traditional Chinese medicine waste residue has high water content, is difficult to effectively treat by direct incineration and has high cost; the waste residue of the traditional Chinese medicine is easy to decay, and the landfill treatment method not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also can ferment to generate toxic and harmful gases such as methane, hydrogen sulfide and the like, thereby polluting the environment; the traditional Chinese medicine waste residue is stacked in the open air, is easy to cause diseases and insect pests, and generates a large amount of sewage after being washed by rainwater to harm the environment.
At present, the utilization of the traditional Chinese medicine waste residues is focused on resource utilization directions, and mainly comprises ① fermentation for making compost, ② for using a culture medium, ③ for adding feed, ④ fermentation for preparing ethanol and the like.
The red mud is strong alkaline waste residue generated in the aluminum industry, about 1-2 tons of red mud are generated when 1 ton of aluminum oxide is produced, about 6000 million tons of red mud are generated every year in China, and the accumulated storage amount is up to hundreds of millions of tons. At present, the red mud is mainly stockpiled in an open dam building mode in China, specific equipment and facilities and high maintenance cost are needed, large-area land is occupied, and alkali metal in the red mud can cause serious pollution to surrounding underground water and soil; meanwhile, the red mud has no gelatinization, and the naked red mud micropowder drifts with the wind, which causes serious pollution to the atmosphere and the ecological environment.
At present, the resource utilization of the red mud mainly focuses on the aspects of building material preparation, valuable metal extraction, environmental protection and the like. Most of the red mud utilization technologies are still in the laboratory stage, the cost is high, and the consumption capacity and the secondary utilization amount are seriously insufficient.
How to realize the energy utilization of the traditional Chinese medicine waste residues by utilizing the red mud solid wastes is not reported in documents at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system for realizing energy utilization of traditional Chinese medicine waste residues by utilizing red mud solid wastes, which can treat the red mud solid wastes and the traditional Chinese medicine waste residues simultaneously.
The invention also aims to provide a method for realizing energy utilization of the traditional Chinese medicine waste residues by utilizing the red mud solid waste based on the system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a system for realizing energy utilization of traditional Chinese medicine waste residues by utilizing red mud solid waste comprises an air reactor, a gasification reactor, a red mud multifunctional carrier supplement and feed device, an air source, a gas-solid separator I, a preheater I, a drying device, a crushing device, a mechanical dewatering device, a biomass solid waste feed device, a gas-solid separator II, a synthetic gas treatment system, a combustor, an impurity removal device and a preheater II;
an air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the air reactor, one path of the air inlet is connected with the air source through a three-way pipe, the other path of the air inlet is connected with the red mud multifunctional carrier supplement feeding device, a material outlet of the air reactor is connected with an inlet of the gas-solid separator I, an outlet of the gas-solid separator I is connected with the preheater I, a discharge outlet of the gas-solid separator I is connected with a material inlet of the gasification reactor,
the biomass solid waste feeding device is connected with a material inlet of the gasification reactor after being sequentially connected with the mechanical water removal device, the crushing device, the preheater I and the drying device, an outlet of the gasification reactor is connected with an inlet of the gas-solid separator II, an outlet of the gas-solid separator II is connected with an inlet of the synthesis gas treatment system, a discharge port of the gas-solid separator II is connected with the material inlet of the air reactor, an outlet of the synthesis gas treatment system is connected with the preheater II, an outlet of the preheater II is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a gas inlet of the drying device through the burner, a gas outlet of the drying device is connected with a gas inlet of the gasification reactor, and the other path is used as an energy product for collection,
the waste gas outlet of the preheater I is connected with the impurity removing device, and the impurity removing device and the waste gas outlet of the drying device are respectively connected with an exhaust system.
The invention also provides a method for realizing energy utilization of the traditional Chinese medicine waste residues by utilizing the red mud solid waste based on the system, which comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, heating an air reactor to 950 ℃, introducing red mud multifunctional carrier particles into the air reactor from an air inlet of the air reactor by using a red mud multifunctional carrier supplementing and feeding device, and simultaneously introducing air with certain pressure and flow rate into the air reactor from the air inlet by using an air source, wherein the red mud multifunctional carrier particles are in a fast fluidization state under a high-temperature air atmosphere and are oxidized by oxygen in the air, and simultaneously release a large amount of heat;
2) the oxidized red mud multifunctional carrier particles and airflow enter a gas-solid separator I together, the airflow is discharged through an outlet after separation and then is introduced into a preheater I, and the red mud multifunctional carrier particles enter a gasification reactor;
3) introducing high-water-content traditional Chinese medicine waste residue particles into a mechanical dewatering device by using a biomass solid waste feeding device, reducing the water content of the waste residue to 65% by squeezing dewatering, introducing the dewatered waste residue into a crushing device, and crushing to prepare traditional Chinese medicine wet residue particles; the wet traditional Chinese medicine residue particles enter a preheater I, and exchange heat with high-temperature airflow from a gas-solid separator I to preheat the wet traditional Chinese medicine residue particles, so that heat required for further dehydration is saved; the preheated wet granules of the traditional Chinese medicine residues enter a drying device, and are dried to prepare dry granules of the traditional Chinese medicine residues with water content of 1%, and a drying heat source is provided by high-temperature flue gas generated by a burner; the dry particles of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs and part of the water vapor generated in the drying process enter a gasification reactor together;
4) heating a gasification reactor to 950 ℃, enabling the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles to contact and react with the red mud multifunctional carrier particles in a high-temperature and anoxic environment, and gasifying the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles to generate synthesis gas under the action of water vapor, wherein the volume flow of the water vapor is 3% of the total flow of gas in the gasification reactor;
5) part of the red mud multifunctional carrier particles, gasification residues and synthesis gas after gasification reaction enter a gas-solid separator II together, and the red mud multifunctional carrier particles, the gasification residues and the synthesis gas after gasification reaction are separated and then return to the air reactor through a discharge port of the gas-solid separator II to be oxidized by air; the synthesis gas enters a synthesis gas treatment system, clean synthesis gas is obtained after ash removal, drying and purification, the clean synthesis gas enters a preheater II, air enters a combustor after being preheated by the high-temperature clean synthesis gas, a part of the heat-exchanged clean synthesis gas enters the combustor 10 to be combusted, the generated high-temperature flue gas provides a heat source for a drying device, the heat-exchanged low-temperature flue gas and the drying device generate excessive steam which is discharged after treatment, and the rest of the heat-exchanged clean synthesis gas is output as an energy product.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the red mud multifunctional carrier particles to the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles is 4: 1.
Preferably, the particle size range of the red mud multifunctional carrier particles is 106-212 μm, and the particle size range of the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles is 250-355 μm.
Further, the preparation method of the red mud multifunctional carrier particle comprises the following steps:
1) sieving fresh red mud, and selecting red mud with particle size below 150 μm;
2) slowly putting the screened red mud into water in a stirring state, and continuously stirring at a constant speed for 6 hours after all the red mud is added to obtain a red mud suspension;
3) drying the red mud suspension stirred for 6 hours at 105 ℃ for 6 hours, and calcining the dried red mud at 1250 ℃ for 6 hours;
4) crushing the calcined red mud, sieving and selecting red mud particles with the particle size of 106-212 mu m as a multifunctional carrier of the red mud.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a method for treating the solid waste of the high-alkaline red mud and the traditional Chinese medicine waste residue which is high in water content and easy to decay and ferment, so that the energy utilization of the traditional Chinese medicine waste residue can be fully realized, and the gasified traditional Chinese medicine waste residue only has residual ash, thereby realizing the harmless treatment of the traditional Chinese medicine waste residue;
2. the invention uses a reaction device combining a serial fluidized bed reactor and a circulating fluidized bed reactor, and can carry out a treatment process in an autothermal, continuous and stable manner. The gasification reaction is convenient to control by adjusting the mass ratio of the red mud multifunctional carrier particles to the traditional Chinese medicine waste residues and the water vapor flow, the carbon-hydrogen ratio of the synthesis gas can be adjusted in a larger range, and the high-quality synthesis gas with low tar and high calorific value is produced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for realizing energy utilization of waste residues of traditional Chinese medicines by utilizing red mud solid wastes; the solid line represents the solid material flow direction, and the dotted line represents the gas flow direction;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the multifunctional carrier particles of red mud;
FIG. 3 is an XRD spectrum of the treated red mud multifunctional carrier;
FIG. 4 shows the composition and yield of syngas at different mass ratios of red mud to herb residue;
FIG. 5 is a graph of syngas composition and yield at different reaction temperatures within a gasification reactor;
in the figure, 1, an air source, 2, a red mud multifunctional carrier supplement feeding device, 3, an air reactor, 4, a gas-solid separator, 5, a gasification reactor, 6, a preheater I, 7, a drying device, 8, a gas-solid separator, 9, a synthesis gas treatment system, 10, a burner, 11, a crushing device, 12, a mechanical dewatering device, 13, a biomass solid waste feeding device, 14, a deodorizing device and 15, and a preheater II are arranged.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for realizing energy utilization of traditional Chinese medicine waste residues by using red mud solid waste provided by the invention comprises an air reactor 3 (with the sectional area of 19.63 square centimeters), a gasification reactor 5 (with the sectional area of 19.63 square centimeters), a red mud multifunctional carrier supplement feeding device 2, an air source 1, a gas-solid separator I4, a preheater I6, a drying device 7, a crushing device 11, a mechanical dewatering device 12, a biomass solid waste feeding device 13, a gas-solid separator II 8, a synthetic gas treatment system 9, a combustor 10, an impurity removal device 14 and a preheater II 15;
an air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the air reactor 3, one path of the air inlet is connected with the air source 1 through a three-way pipe, the other path of the air inlet is connected with the red mud multifunctional carrier supplement feeding device 2, a material outlet of the air reactor 3 is connected with an inlet of the gas-solid separator I4, an outlet of the gas-solid separator I4 is connected with the preheater I6, a discharge port of the gas-solid separator I4 is connected with a material inlet of the gasification reactor 5,
the biomass solid waste feeding device 13 is connected with the material inlet of the gasification reactor 5 after being sequentially connected with the mechanical dewatering device 12, the crushing device 11, the preheater I6 and the drying device 7, the outlet of the gasification reactor 5 is connected with the inlet of the gas-solid separator II 8, the outlet of the gas-solid separator II 8 is connected with the inlet of the synthetic gas treatment system 9, the discharge outlet of the gas-solid separator II 8 is connected with the material inlet of the air reactor 3, the outlet of the synthetic gas treatment system 9 is connected with the preheater II 15, the outlet of the preheater II 15 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the gas inlet of the drying device 7 through the burner 10, the gas outlet of the drying device 7 is connected with the gas inlet of the gasification reactor 5, and the other path is collected as an energy product,
the waste gas outlet of the preheater I6 is connected with the impurity removal device 14, and the waste gas outlets of the impurity removal device 14 and the drying device 7 are respectively connected with an exhaust system.
The invention also provides a method for realizing energy utilization of the traditional Chinese medicine waste residues by utilizing the red mud solid waste based on the system, which comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, heating an air reactor 3 to 950 ℃, introducing red mud multifunctional carrier particles into the air reactor 3 from a material inlet of the air reactor 3 by using a red mud multifunctional carrier supplementing and feeding device 2, introducing air at the normal pressure with the flow rate of 0.1 meter per second into the air reactor 3 from an air inlet by using an air source 1, wherein the red mud multifunctional carrier particles are in a fast fluidization state under the high-temperature and air atmosphere and are oxidized by oxygen in the air, and simultaneously release a large amount of heat;
2) the oxidized red mud multifunctional carrier particles and the airflow enter a gas-solid separator I4 together, the airflow is discharged through an outlet after separation and then is introduced into a preheater I6, and the red mud multifunctional carrier particles enter a gasification reactor 5;
3) introducing high-water-content traditional Chinese medicine waste residue particles into a mechanical dewatering device 12 by using a biomass solid waste feeding device 13, extruding and dewatering to reduce the water content of the waste residue to 65%, introducing the dewatered waste residue into a crushing device 11, crushing and sieving to prepare traditional Chinese medicine wet residue particles with the particle size range of 250-355 mu m; the wet traditional Chinese medicine residue particles enter a preheater I6, and exchange heat with high-temperature airflow from a gas-solid separator I4 to preheat the wet traditional Chinese medicine residue particles, so that heat required by further dehydration is saved; the preheated wet granules of the traditional Chinese medicine slag enter a drying device 7, and are dried to prepare dry granules of the traditional Chinese medicine slag with water content of 1 percent, and a drying heat source is provided by high-temperature flue gas generated by a combustor 10; the dry particles of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs and part of the water vapor generated in the drying process enter a gasification reactor 5 together;
4) heating a gasification reactor 5 to 950 ℃, enabling the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles to contact and react with the red mud multifunctional carrier particles in a high-temperature and anoxic environment, and gasifying the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles to generate synthesis gas under the action of water vapor, wherein the volume flow of the water vapor is 3% of the total flow of gas in the gasification reactor 5, and the total flow rate of the gas is 0.17 m/s;
5) part of the red mud multifunctional carrier particles and gasification residues after gasification reaction and synthesis gas enter a gas-solid separator II 8 together, and the red mud multifunctional carrier particles and gasification residues after gasification reaction are separated from the synthesis gas and then return to the air reactor 3 through a discharge port of the gas-solid separator II 8 to be oxidized by air; the synthetic gas enters a synthetic gas treatment system, clean synthetic gas is obtained after ash removal, drying and purification, the clean synthetic gas enters a preheater II 15, air enters a combustor 10 after being preheated by the high-temperature clean synthetic gas, a part of heat-exchanged clean synthetic gas enters the combustor 10 to be combusted, generated high-temperature flue gas provides a heat source for a drying device 7, redundant water vapor generated by the heat-exchanged low-temperature flue gas and the drying device 7 is discharged after treatment, and the rest of heat-exchanged clean synthetic gas is output as an energy product.
The method for treating the red mud multifunctional carrier is shown in the attached figure 2 and comprises the following steps:
1) sieving fresh red mud, and selecting 800g of red mud with the particle size of below 150 mu m;
2) adding 1000ml of deionized water into a beaker, starting a multifunctional stirrer, setting the rotating speed to be 250r/min, and slowly adding the screened red mud into the water;
3) after 800g of red mud is completely put into water, uniformly stirring for 6 hours at a rotating speed of 250r/min by using a multifunctional stirrer to obtain a red mud suspension;
4) and pouring the red mud suspension stirred for 6 hours into a flat plate, placing the flat plate into a drying box, and drying the flat plate for 6 hours at the temperature of 105 ℃. And putting the dried red mud into a crucible, and putting the crucible into a muffle furnace to calcine the red mud. The calcining temperature is 1250 ℃, and the calcining time is 6 hours;
5) crushing the calcined red mud, sieving and selecting red mud particles with the particle size of 106-212 mu m as the required red mud multifunctional carrier particles.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of Red mud
| Composition (I) | Fe2O3 | Al2O3 | SiO2 | Na2O | TiO2 | CaO | S | Zr |
| Content (wt.) | 38.18 | 23.33 | 14.8 | 13 | 7.204 | 2.42 | 0.308 | 0.181 |
The red mud solid waste is used as a multifunctional carrier, and has multiple effects of transferring lattice oxygen, transferring heat, catalyzing and the like. As shown in Table 1, the main component of the red mud solid waste before treatment is Fe2O3、Al2O3、SiO2And alkali metals, wherein iron is used as a transition metal element, and has a natural catalytic action, and the presence of the alkali metals is also beneficial to the gasification process of biomass, so that the method for treating the traditional Chinese medicine waste residue has the advantages of high gasification speed, high quality of synthesis gas, low tar content and the like.
As shown in figure 3, sodium element in the red mud solid waste after gasification reaction is NaAlSiO4The form is stable, the problem of sodium element loss does not exist, and the problem that the red mud is difficult to effectively treat due to strong basicity caused by high sodium is solved.
The different mass ratios of the red mud multifunctional carrier particles/the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles have certain influence on the composition and the yield of the synthesis gas. As shown in fig. 4, when the mass ratio of the red mud multifunctional carrier particles to the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles is 3:1 under the condition that the temperature of the gasification reactor 5 is 950 ℃, the components of the generated synthesis gas are 20.22 percent of hydrogen, 73.43 percent of carbon monoxide and 6.35 percent of methane, and 0.8214 liter of synthesis gas can be produced by 1g of the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles; when the mass ratio of the red mud multifunctional carrier particles to the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles is 4:1, the components of the generated synthesis gas are 31.33 percent of hydrogen, 57.16 percent of carbon monoxide and 11.51 percent of methane, and 1g of the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles can produce 0.5758 liters of synthesis gas; when the mass ratio of the red mud multifunctional carrier particles to the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles is 5:1, the components of the generated synthesis gas are 16.71 percent of hydrogen, 78.41 percent of carbon monoxide and 4.88 percent of methane, and 1g of the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles can produce 0.6525 liters of synthesis gas. From the perspective of optimal quality of synthesis gas and maximized economic value, the preferred mass ratio of the red mud multifunctional carrier particles to the traditional Chinese medicine waste residues is 4: 1.
The gasification reactor operating temperature also has some effect on syngas composition and yield. As shown in fig. 5, when the mass ratio of the red mud multifunctional carrier particles/the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles is 4: under the condition of 1, when the temperature of a gasification reactor is 750 ℃, the components of the generated synthesis gas are 23.74 percent of hydrogen, 59.18 percent of carbon monoxide and 5.74 percent of methane, and 0.2411 liters of synthesis gas can be produced by 1g of the Chinese herb residue dry particles; when the temperature of the gasification reactor is 850 ℃, the components of the generated synthesis gas are 17.78 percent of hydrogen, 74.16 percent of carbon monoxide and 2.68 percent of methane, and 0.5376 liters of synthesis gas can be produced by 1g of the Chinese medicine residue dry particles; when the temperature of the gasification reactor is 950 ℃, the components of the generated synthesis gas are 31.33 percent of hydrogen, 57.16 percent of carbon monoxide and 11.51 percent of methane, and 0.5758 liters of synthesis gas can be produced by 1g of the dry particles of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs. The preferred gasification reactor temperature is 950 c, taking into account the synthesis gas quality and the heat transfer process inside the reaction system.
Theoretical calculation results show that the following parameters are selected: the mass ratio of the multifunctional red mud carrier particles to the traditional Chinese medicine waste residue is 4:1, the operating temperature of an air reactor is 950 ℃, when the operating temperature of a gasification reactor is 950 ℃, each gram of dried traditional Chinese medicine residue particles generate 0.5758 liters of synthesis gas, wherein the synthesis gas contains 57.16 percent of carbon monoxide, 31.33 percent of hydrogen and 11.51 percent of methane, and the lower calorific value is 12.64MJ/m3，12.74MJ/m3，35.88MJ/m3According to the industrial drying process, 4180MJ is consumed for evaporating 1 ton of water, and the water content of the wet Chinese medicine residue particles is 65%. Each 2.857 tons of Chinese medicine waste residue contains 1 part of water.857 tons of the raw materials generate dry Chinese medicine dregs particles of 1 ton, and generate synthesis gas of 575.8m3The total heat generation is 8836.373MJ, and the heat required for drying is 7762.86 MJ. Accordingly, the reactor can maintain self-heating operation without an external heat source, 87.85 percent of the generated synthesis gas enters the combustor to be combusted, and the rest 12.15 percent of the synthesis gas is output as a synthesis gas product.
Claims (5)
1. A system for realizing energy utilization of traditional Chinese medicine waste residues by utilizing red mud solid waste is characterized by comprising an air reactor (3), a gasification reactor (5), a red mud multifunctional carrier supplement and feed device (2), an air source (1), a gas-solid separator I (4), a preheater I (6), a drying device (7), a crushing device (11), a mechanical dewatering device (12), a biomass solid waste feed device (13), a gas-solid separator II (8), a synthetic gas treatment system (9), a combustor (10), an impurity removal device (14) and a preheater II (15);
an air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the air reactor (3), one path of the air inlet is connected with the air source (1) through a three-way pipe, the other path of the air inlet is connected with the red mud multifunctional carrier supplement feeding device (2), a material outlet of the air reactor (3) is connected with an inlet of the gas-solid separator I (4), an outlet of the gas-solid separator I (4) is connected with the preheater I (6), a discharge port of the gas-solid separator I (4) is connected with a material inlet of the gasification reactor (5),
the biomass solid waste feeding device (13) is sequentially connected with the mechanical water removal device (12), the crushing device (11), the preheater I (6) and the drying device (7) and then connected with a material inlet of the gasification reactor (5), an outlet of the gasification reactor (5) is connected with an inlet of the gas-solid separator II (8), an outlet of the gas-solid separator II (8) is connected with an inlet of the synthetic gas treatment system (9), a discharge port of the gas-solid separator II (8) is connected with a material inlet of the air reactor (3), an outlet of the synthetic gas treatment system (9) is connected with the preheater II (15), an outlet of the preheater II (15) is divided into two paths, one path of the two paths of the outlet passes through the combustor (10) and is connected with a gas inlet of the drying device (7), and a gas outlet of the drying device (7) is connected with a gas inlet of the gasification reactor (5), the other path is used as an energy product for collection,
the waste gas outlet of the preheater I (6) is connected with the impurity removal device (14), and the waste gas outlets of the impurity removal device (14) and the drying device (7) are respectively connected with an exhaust system.
2. The method for realizing energy utilization of traditional Chinese medicine waste residues by utilizing red mud solid waste based on the system of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) firstly, heating an air reactor (3) to 950 ℃, introducing red mud multifunctional carrier particles into the air reactor (3) from an air inlet of the air reactor (3) by using a red mud multifunctional carrier supplementing and feeding device (2), simultaneously introducing air with certain pressure and flow rate into the air reactor (3) from the air inlet by using an air source (1), wherein the red mud multifunctional carrier particles are in a fast fluidization state under high temperature and air atmosphere and are oxidized by oxygen in the air, and simultaneously release a large amount of heat;
2) the oxidized red mud multifunctional carrier particles and airflow enter a gas-solid separator I (4), the airflow is discharged through an outlet after separation and then is introduced into a preheater I (6), and the red mud multifunctional carrier particles enter a gasification reactor (5);
3) introducing high-water-content traditional Chinese medicine waste residue particles into a mechanical dewatering device (12) by using a biomass solid waste feeding device (13), reducing the water content of the waste residue to 65% by squeezing and dewatering, introducing the dewatered waste residue into a crushing device (11), and crushing to prepare traditional Chinese medicine wet residue particles; the wet traditional Chinese medicine residue particles enter a preheater I (6) to exchange heat with high-temperature airflow from a gas-solid separator I (4) so as to preheat the wet traditional Chinese medicine residue particles and save heat required for further dehydration; the preheated wet granules of the traditional Chinese medicine slag enter a drying device (7) and are dried to prepare dry granules of the traditional Chinese medicine slag with water content of 1 percent, and a drying heat source is provided by high-temperature flue gas generated by a burner (10); the dry particles of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs and part of the water vapor generated in the drying process enter a gasification reactor (5);
4) heating a gasification reactor (5) to 950 ℃, enabling the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles to contact and react with the red mud multifunctional carrier particles in a high-temperature and anoxic environment, and gasifying the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles to generate synthesis gas under the action of water vapor, wherein the volume flow of the water vapor is 3% of the total flow of gas in the gasification reactor (5);
5) part of the red mud multifunctional carrier particles and gasification residues after gasification reaction and synthesis gas enter a gas-solid separator II (8) together, and the red mud multifunctional carrier particles and gasification residues after gasification reaction are separated from the synthesis gas and then return to the air reactor (3) through a discharge port of the gas-solid separator II (8) to be oxidized by air; the synthesis gas enters a synthesis gas treatment system, clean synthesis gas is obtained after ash removal, drying and purification, the clean synthesis gas enters a preheater II (15), air enters a combustor (10) after being preheated by the high-temperature clean synthesis gas, a part of the clean synthesis gas after heat exchange enters the combustor (10) for combustion, the generated high-temperature flue gas provides a heat source for a drying device (7), the low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange and the drying device (7) generate excessive steam which is discharged after treatment, and the rest of the clean synthesis gas after heat exchange is output as an energy product.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the red mud multifunctional carrier particles to the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles is 4: 1.
4. The method as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the particle size range of the red mud multifunctional carrier particles is 106-212 μm, and the particle size range of the traditional Chinese medicine residue dry particles is 250-355 μm.
5. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the preparation method of the red mud multifunctional carrier particles comprises the following steps:
1) sieving fresh red mud, and selecting red mud with particle size below 150 μm;
2) slowly putting the screened red mud into water in a stirring state, and continuously stirring at a constant speed for 6 hours after all the red mud is added to obtain a red mud suspension;
3) drying the red mud suspension stirred for 6 hours at 105 ℃ for 6 hours, and calcining the dried red mud at 1250 ℃ for 6 hours;
4) crushing the calcined red mud, sieving and selecting red mud particles with the particle size of 106-212 mu m as a multifunctional carrier of the red mud.
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