CN104646396A - Method for preparing hydrogen carbon fuel by utilizing solid wastes - Google Patents

Method for preparing hydrogen carbon fuel by utilizing solid wastes Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104646396A
CN104646396A CN201510052951.8A CN201510052951A CN104646396A CN 104646396 A CN104646396 A CN 104646396A CN 201510052951 A CN201510052951 A CN 201510052951A CN 104646396 A CN104646396 A CN 104646396A
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combustible
little
fuel
winnowing
hydrogen
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CN104646396B (en
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刘曜
殷浪
王自立
李水生
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Hunan Yao Xiang Eco-Friendly Power Source Science And Technology Ltd
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Hunan Yao Xiang Eco-Friendly Power Source Science And Technology Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing a hydrogen carbon fuel by utilizing solid wastes. The method comprises the following steps: collecting the solid wastes, storing, carrying out bag breaking, sorting, carrying out crude crushing, carrying out crude sieving, winnowing, carrying out artificial sorting, dewatering, shearing, removing chloride and acid, deodorizing, removing dust, charring, supplying heat, generating power and the like. The method is capable of fundamentally solving the problem of energy utilization of the solid wastes, particularly domestic wastes and combustible industrial wastes.

Description

A kind of method utilizing solid waste preparing hydrogen carbon fuel
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection and biomass energy technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method utilizing solid waste preparing hydrogen carbon fuel.
Background technology
The solid waste such as house refuse and flammable industrial refuse are dealt with improperly not only can eroded field and polluting air, water, soil, the living environment of the serious threat mankind and health, and can cause the wasting of resources, affects the national economic development.Along with enhancing and the raising of MSW heating value of Environmental Protection in China consciousness, the recovery energy of rubbish more and more comes into one's own, and can reach the object of " innoxious, minimizing, resource " of rubbish to greatest extent.
At present, a lot of with the kind that the solid waste such as house refuse and flammable industrial refuse produce fuel product for raw material, as environment-friendly garbage regenerated coal, composite briquette, rubbish synthetic fuel etc., the additive basic simlarity added in the process used and production process, all will add some flammable or perfect combustion catalizers after refuse classification fragmentation, then extruded, just formula is not identical.And existing patented technology is in the content described, and the quantity of additive is all between 15%-50%, and the additive of vast scale like this, certainly will improve the cost of reclaimed coal; Also higher than the cost of waste incineration and generating electricity, have no promotional value.Simultaneously, the fuel utilizing prior art to produce is except can not directly burn for generating, because can the extremely toxic substances such as bioxin be produced after burning, directly can cause the severe contamination of atmospheric environment to sky discharge without treating tail gas, and will administer tail gas and spend huge input again and operating cost is very high, therefore, must thoroughly improve prior art and transform, just can reach the environmental protection use of garbage fuel and the object of industrialization.This technology by carrying out dechlorination, desulfurization and solid chlorine, solid sulphuring treatment to the plastics such as PVC, PP, PPR in rubbish and rubber material, the precursor substance HC1 of Sheng Cheng bioxin (or C1 2) and H 2s, SO 2remove Deng effectively, in the fuel material obtained, the content of hydrogen and carbon has exceeded 80%, and this fuel-based is similar to pure living beings wood carbon, and calorific value is up to 4000-7000kcae/kg, and burning is rear Wu bioxin, without H 2s, without SO 2deng discharge of poisonous waste, and can direct combustion heat supplying, can be used widely.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to be for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of method utilizing solid waste preparing hydrogen carbon fuel, fundamentally solves the using energy source problem, particularly house refuse of solid waste and flammable industrial refuse.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
The described method of solid waste preparing hydrogen carbon fuel that utilizes comprises the steps:
(1) pour solid waste into material storage container, make Leachate site automatically flow to sewage regulating reservoir from material storage container bottom pipe;
(2) solid waste is risen to steel wire rope bag-breaking machine from material storage container and carry out broken bag;
(3) solid waste after broken bag is transported to bouncing sorter and isolates noncombustibles and combustible;
(4) noncombustibles is transported to vibration slope-climbing machine, isolates organic matter more than inorganic matter and kitchen, inorganic matter is carried out landfill; Organic matter more than kitchen is transported to anaerobic fermentation pond and carries out anaerobic fermentation, produce biogas and compost; Combustible is transported to magnetic separator and sub-elects metal, obtain the combustible removing metallics;
(5) combustible removing metallics is transported to shearing primary mill, carries out the fragmentation of larger pieces of material, the combustible after slightly being broken, the Leachate site of precipitation then introduces sewage regulating reservoir with pipeline;
(6) combustible after slightly broken is sent into rough segmentation rotary screen, utilize large winnowing machine selection by winnowing oversize, utilize little winnowing machine selection by winnowing screenings;
(7) little winnowing machine selection by winnowing lightweight thing is out transported to magnetic separator and sub-elects biscuit metal; Little winnowing machine selection by winnowing heavy substance is out isolated organic matter more than inorganic matter and kitchen through vibration slope-climbing machine, landfill disposal is carried out to inorganic matter; Fermentation process is carried out to organic matter more than kitchen, produces biogas and compost.The lightweight thing sorted out by large winnowing machine is transported to crawler type and rolls dewaterer, the heavy substance sorted out by large winnowing machine is sent into after magnetic separator sub-elects metallics and is entered into artificial separation room, pick residual noncombustibles by manually dividing, remaining combustible is sent into crawler type and is rolled dewaterer;
(8) crawler type is rolled the combustible that water content is greater than 45% by dewaterer and is rolled by crawler belt, dewaters to less than 30%, obtains the combustible after dewatering.The sewage taken off is imported to sewage regulating reservoir regulate, sewage sends into leachate treatment factory after overregulating;
(9) combustible material after dehydration is by punching type longitudinal shear machine and cross cut shears, and cutting into the length of side is be transported to dechlorination reaction still by feed screw after the blockage of about 5cm to carry out dry dechlorination.The parameter of dry dechlorination is as follows: temperature is about 300 DEG C, time >=half an hour, catalyst is ZSM25, ferriferous oxide or palladium ferrous metal mixture.Little charcoal block and little carbon granule is obtained after dry dechlorination, and containing HC1, H 2s, SO 2, NH 3hot blast;
(10) little charcoal block and little carbon granule are delivered to cooling device cooling, obtain cooled little charcoal block and little carbon granule, will containing HC1, H 2s, SO 2, NH 3hot blast be incorporated into spray extracting tower carry out depickling, obtain the gas after depickling;
(11) gas after depickling to be removed after stink again through deduster dedusting through deodoriser, then discharge;
(12) cooled little charcoal block and little carbon granule are crossed segmentation rotary screen, screenings is the hydrogen toner body fuel of diameter≤5mm, and oversize is the charcoal block of diameter > 5mm;
(13) in hydrogen toner body fuel, add solid chlorine sulphur-fixing agent, Gu chlorine sulphur-fixing agent weight is 2%-4% of hydrogen toner body weight of fuel, then to be stirred by mixer and shaping through forming machine, obtain the shaping hydrogen carbon fuel that diameter is 8mm-25mm; The charcoal block of diameter > 5mm is put into dry distillation charring kiln and carries out dry distillation charring, dry distillation charring temperature is 400 DEG C-600 DEG C, utilize combustor burning from the fuel gas of dry distillation charring kiln discharge and obtain heat, part heat is for heating dry distillation charring kiln, and another part heat is used for heating steam boiler; The carbonized material of discharging from dry distillation charring kiln obtains hydrogen toner body fuel after beater disintegrating machine is pulverized, by hydrogen toner body fuel through supercooling with forming machine is shaping obtains the hydrogen carbon shaped fuel that diameter is 8mm-25mm;
(14) steam that steam boiler provides generates electricity for driving steam turbine, the high-temperature flue gas of steam boiler discharge and the rear hot blast forming about 300 DEG C of cold air mixing, then is introduced in dechlorination reaction still, for dechlorination and the material of drying in dechlorination reaction still;
Wherein, described solid waste is house refuse and flammable industrial refuse etc.
Wherein, the described non-combustible material of step (3) is organic matter more than brick, tile fragment, stone, vial, kitchen; Combustible is plastics, rubber, braid, wooden thing, papery thing.Step (4) described inorganic matter is brick, tile fragment, stone, vial.The described solid chlorine sulphur-fixing agent of step (13) is calcium oxide.
The equipment used in the present invention is the equipment of prior art.
Below in conjunction with design parameter, the invention will be further described:
The method implementation procedure of solid waste preparing hydrogen carbon fuel that utilizes of the present invention is as follows:
1, pour solid waste into material storage container, Leachate site flows to sewage regulating reservoir automatically from pond bottom pipeline;
2, with grab bucket, solid waste is risen to steel wire rope bag-breaking machine, polybag, woven bag, cloth bag etc. are broken;
3, the solid waste after broken bag is transported to bouncing sorter and isolates the combustible such as non-combustible material and plastics, rubber, braid, wooden thing, papery thing such as organic matter more than brick, tile fragment, stone, vial, kitchen;
4, noncombustibles is transported to vibration slope-climbing machine, isolates organic matter more than the inorganic matters such as brick, tile fragment, stone, vial and kitchen, inorganic matter is carried out landfill;
5, organic matter more than kitchen is transported to anaerobic fermentation pond and carries out anaerobic fermentation, biogas and compost can be produced;
6, the combustibles such as plastics, rubber, braid, wooden thing, papery thing are transported to magnetic separator by most of metallics to sort out;
7, the combustible removing metallics is transported to shearing primary mill, carries out the fragmentation of larger pieces of material, sewage regulating reservoir introduced by the Leachate site pipeline that wash rice goes out;
8, the combustible after slightly breaking enters rough segmentation rotary screen, and oversize utilizes large winnowing machine to carry out selection by winnowing, and screenings utilizes little winnowing machine to carry out selection by winnowing;
9, little winnowing machine selection by winnowing lightweight thing is out transported to magnetic separator and sub-elects biscuit metal, enter artificial separation program again, heavy substance isolates organic matter more than the inorganic matters such as dregs, coal ash, finger stone, cullet and kitchen through vibration slope-climbing machine, landfill disposal is carried out to inorganic matter, fermentation process is carried out, to produce biogas and compost to organic matter more than kitchen;
10, the lightweight thing that large winnowing machine sorts out is delivered directly to crawler type roll dewater into, heavy substance then enters after magnetic separator sub-elects metallics and enters into artificial separation room, by manually dividing noncombustibleses such as picking residual metal, small household appliances, battery, tile fragment, finger stone, cullet, remaining combustible enters into crawler type and rolls dewaterer;
11, crawler type is rolled material that water content is greater than 45% by dewaterer and is rolled by crawler belt and can dewater to less than 30%, and the sewage taken off is directed to sewage regulating reservoir, and sewage is sent to leachate treatment factory and processes after overregulating process;
12, the combustible material after dehydration, by punching type longitudinal shear machine and cross cut shears, cuts into the blockage of 5 cm, then is transported to dechlorination reaction still by feed screw;
13, dechlorination reaction still is the key equipment adopted in the present invention, and this equipment is horizontal rotary drying kiln or vertical rotating drying kiln or mesh-belt kiln etc.This device is made up of steel cylinders, barrel rotating device and control system, wheel belt, support roller, gear wheel, inner lining refractory, spiral feed system, humidity discharging ventilating system, temperature control heat source system, dryer head-tail sealing etc.Dry dechlorination process temperature controls at about 300 DEG C, and be heated-air drying, the time of staying is half an hour more than, has dechlorination catalyst flusher at the material inlet end of drying kiln.Catalyst can select ZSM25, ferriferous oxide (Fe 3o 4) or palladium one ferrous metal mixture etc., this catalyst can accelerate the speed of dechlorination, shortens the time of dechlorination, improves the efficiency of dechlorination.At the port of export of drying kiln, combustion supporting catalyst flusher is housed, adsorb combustion adjuvant after the dechlorination of PVC and PP plastics can reduce ignition temperature and improve fuel value, no matter be the hard PVC and PP that film PVC or 2-5mm is thick, the clearance of chlorine all reaches more than 95%.Chlorion runs into hot blast and generates rapidly HC1 gas after deviating from, and is taken away by hot blast, remains in chlorinity in PVC and PP plastics within 5%.PVC, PP etc. after dechlorination become the little carbon granule of black, and all the other braids, wooden thing, rubber etc. become the little charcoal block of black.This little carbon block (grain) is transported to cooling device and cools, containing HC1, H 2s, SO 2, NH 3hot blast Deng material is introduced in spray extracting tower and carries out depickling process, and the hot blast of reactor is provided by distribution plenum;
14, the gas having taken off acid removes H through deodoriser 2s, NH 3deng after odorous gas again through deduster dedusting, just by smoke stack emission;
15, pass through after segmentation rotary screen through overcooled little carbon block (grain), screenings is the little carbon granules that diameter is less than 5mm, i.e. hydrogen toner body fuel, this part powder fuel primary raw material is the plastics such as PVC, PP, PE, PPR, oversize is the little carbon block that diameter is greater than 5mm, and this little carbon block primary raw material is wooden thing, rubber, braid etc.;
16, also will add the solid chlorine sulphur-fixing agent such as calcium oxide (CaO) for little carbon granules powder fuel, adding proportion is about 3%, is more fully stirred by mixer and shapingly with forming machine can obtain the shaping hydrogen carbon fuel that diameter is 8mm-25mm;
17, little carbon block is put into dry distillation charring kiln to carbonize, dry distillation charring temperature is 400 DEG C-600 DEG C, utilize combustor burning from the fuel gas of dry distillation charring kiln discharge and obtain heat, part heat is for heating dry distillation charring kiln, and another part heat is used for heating steam boiler.The carbonized material of discharging from charring kiln is pulverized through beater disintegrating machine and is obtained hydrogen toner body fuel, then through supercooling with forming machine is shaping just can obtain the hydrogen carbon shaped fuel that diameter is 8mm-25mm;
18, most of heat of providing of combustor is for steam boiler, the steam that steam boiler provides generates electricity for driving steam turbine, the high-temperature flue gas of boiler emission is introduced in flue gas mixing-chamber and cold air mixing, form the hot blast of about 300 DEG C, be introduced in dechlorination reaction still again, for material drying and dechlorination.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention have employed steel wire rope bag-breaking machine first to the pretreatment of solid waste, little winnowing machine, greatly winnowing machine, crawler type roll the new devices such as dewaterer, punching type longitudinal shear machine, punching type cross cut shears, these devices use through actual, effect is very good, and cheap, durable in use, maintenance cost is low;
2, the present invention utilizes dechlorination reaction still under uniform temperature and rotary speed, in still, material ceaselessly overturns and fully contacts with hot blast, and is containing under the effect of palladium iron compound dechlorination catalyst, PVC and PP plastics absorb dechlorination catalyst, skeleton carbochain is destroyed, chlorine (C1 2) overflowing from carbochain runs into hot blast generation HC1 gas, sulphur (S) is deviate from from rubber simultaneously, runs into hot blast and generates H 2s and SO 2gas, HC1, H 2s, SO 2taken away by hot blast.Be provided with the checkout gears such as thermometric, hygrometric, survey acid in reactor, every technical parameters such as energy automatic detection and control temperature, humidity, acidity, make dechlorination and desulfurization reach optimum efficiency;
3, the present invention adds again the solid chlorine sulphur-fixing agent (CaO mixture of powders) of about 3% before the forming to little carbon granules such as dechlorination desulfurization and dried PVC, PP, PE, PPR, rubber, and hydrogen carbon shaped fuel is made after fully stirring, can the effectively generation of sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride in control combustion, make a small amount of chlorine source residual in fuel and sulphur source all with metal chloride (CaC1 2) and sulfosalt (CaSO 4) form exist, eradicated the chlorine source in burning needed for Sheng Cheng bioxin and H 2s and SO 2required sulphur source, thus eradicate bioxin and SO 2discharge;
4, the present invention is to the little carbon block such as wooden thing, braid, rubber, papery thing of not chloride element, carbonize through the carbonizing kiln of 400 DEG C-600 DEG C again, the elements such as the nitrogen (N) contained in the sulphur contained in rubber (S) and acrylic fibers are thoroughly removed, becomes the hydrogen carbon fuel of only hydrogeneous, carbon, oxygen element.This fuel value can reach 4000-7000Kcae/kg, and without harmful poisonous gas discharging after can directly burning and burn, utilize biomass combustion machine to burn the fuel gas that carbonizing kiln discharges simultaneously, carry out heat supply can to carbonizing kiln and steam boiler, the steam that steam boiler is produced can generate electricity by driving steam turbine, and the high-temperature flue gas of boiler emission provides hot blast to dechlorination reaction still;
5, in process of production, the additive such as dechlorination catalyst, combustion supporting catalyst, admittedly chlorine sulphur-fixing agent is all adopt dosing feeder to add.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present invention process flow chart.
Detailed description of the invention
See Fig. 1, the described method of solid waste preparing hydrogen carbon fuel that utilizes comprises the steps:
1, solid waste is collected and is stored
Pouring material storage container into by collecting the solid waste come, being provided with drain pipeline bottom material storage container, for deriving Leachate site, top is provided with grab bucket for capturing solid waste.
2, broken bag and sorting
First with steel wire rope bag-breaking machine, broken bag is carried out to the solid waste that material grasping bucket is sent here, solid waste is made to be fully formed bulk cargo, spring sorting is carried out again with bouncing sorter, isolate brick, tile fragment, stone, vial, kitchen is remaining waits noncombustibles and plastics, braid, wooden thing, papery thing, the combustibles such as rubber, noncombustibles isolates brick through vibration climbing apparatus again, stone, vial, organic matter more than the inorganic matters such as tile fragment and kitchen, inorganic matter is carried out landfill, organic matter is carried out anaerobic fermentation process Biogas and compost, combustible is isolated after metallics through magnetic separator and is entered into primary mill.
3, coarse crushing and coarse fraction
Utilize shearing primary mill that bulk combustible is carried out coarse crushing, be broken into the lump material of less than 30 centimetres, the sewage produced time broken imports in sewage regulating reservoir by catheter, transport material to rough segmentation rotary screen, this cylinder sieves three grades of sieve screen apertures, i.e. 80mm, 50mm, 30mm, screenings enters little winnowing machine, and oversize enters large winnowing machine.
4, selection by winnowing and artificial separation
Selection by winnowing divides little selection by winnowing and large selection by winnowing, material such as to be divided into more than dregs, coal ash, finger stone, cullet, part kitchen at the combustible such as noncombustibles and broken plastics, debris, broken braid, wood fragments pledge by little winnowing machine, noncombustibles isolates organic matter more than the inorganic matters such as dregs and kitchen by vibration climbing apparatus again, by inorganic matter landfill, organic matter is carried out anaerobic fermentation and Biogas and compost, and combustible is transported to after magnetic separator isolates metallics and carries out artificial separation again.Large winnowing machine enters into artificial separation after being sorted out by bulk light materials, combustible such as the noncombustibles such as metallics, small household appliances, battery, tile fragment, finger stone, cullet and plastics, braid, wooden thing, papery thing etc. that detect omission is divided by artificial separation, noncombustibles is carried out landfill, combustible is transported to and rolls dewaterer and dewater;
5, dehydration and shearing
Crawler type rolls dehydration function and is carried out by combustible material rolling uniform sequentially, and can dewater to less than 30% from water content up to more than 45% by material, the sewage taken off imports to sewage regulating reservoir by catheter, and is sent to leachate treatment factory and processes.Material after dehydration cuts into the blockage of about 5cm again by punching type longitudinal shear machine and cross cut shears, be transported to dechlorination reaction still with conveying worm.
6, dechlorination, depickling and deodorizing, dedusting
Dechlorination reaction still can utilize the drying plants such as horizontal rotary drying kiln, vertical rotating drying kiln, guipure drying kiln, controlled by two-stage temperature control in kiln and rotary speed, combustible material ceaselessly overturns and fully contacts with hot blast in kiln, under the effect of iron palladium composite catalyst, chlorion (C1 2) can spin off from PVC and PP plastics, the chlorion (C1 spun off 2) and part S ion run into hot blast and just generate HC1, H 2s, SO 2gas, extracting tower is entered under the drive of hot blast, in extracting tower, hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid, ammonia fully contact generation chemical reaction with containing NaOH with the alkaline water smoke of calcium hydroxide, generate sodium chloride salt (NaC1), calcium chloride salt (CaC1 2), Na 2sO 4salt, CaSO 4the sediments such as salt, the H of residual fraction 2the pungent gas such as S enters into deodoriser, separately adds wet method odor removal carry out deodorizing by grating odor removal, will take off HC1, de-H 2the tail gas of S and deodorizing is incorporated into deduster again and carries out dedusting, and the dust granules of removing more than PM2.5, is discharged in air by the tail gas of above-mentioned process, can reaches the discharge standard of national regulation.In material after the dechlorination of dechlorination reaction still, the raw materials such as PVC, PP, PE, PPR become husk size and the moisture little carbon granule of black that is less than 10% substantially, the raw materials such as braid, rubber, wooden thing become the little charcoal block of black that the square and moisture of 2cm-4cm is less than 15%, above-mentioned little carbon granule and little charcoal block segmentation rotary screen are sieved, isolate little charcoal block and little carbon granule, little carbon granule and hydrogen toner body fuel enter into mixer, and little charcoal block enters into charring kiln.
7, charing, heat supply and generating
The little charcoal block of dechlorination is put into dry distillation charring kiln carbonize, dry distillation charring kiln can be vertical non-rotating clearance-type and horizontal rotary continous way, in dry distillation carbonizing furnace, no oxygen exists, and carbonization temperature controls at 400 DEG C-600 DEG C, and material sloughs most of hydrogen, oxygen, SO in kiln 2, N 3deng volatile mixture, this mixture is fuel gas, and wherein the ratio of CO accounts for 29%, CH 4account for 15%, H2 to account for 3%, CnHm and account for 2%, drawn by fuel gas and utilize biomass combustion machine to burn, the fraction of its heat is for heating dry distillation carbonizing furnace, and the major part of heat, to steam boiler heat supply, uses steam drive steam turbine power generation.The tail gas of boiler emission enters into the hot blast that flue gas mixing-chamber and part cold air carry out mixed form about 300 DEG C, this hot blast is incorporated into dechlorination reaction still and dries and dechlorination material in still.The charcoal material of discharging from charring kiln stops working through wet method and pulverizes with beater disintegrating machine, then cools through apparatus for supercooling, just obtains little carbon granule and hydrogen toner body fuel.
8, hydrogen carbon fuel
Mixer is put into by segmenting the hydrogen toner body fuel that rotary screen and cooling device obtain in said process, the solid chlorine sulphur-fixing agent of about 3% is added in mixer, putting into forming machine after stirring carries out shaping, just forms the hydrogen carbon shaped fuel that diameter is 8mm-25mm.Gu chlorine sulphur-fixing agent take CaO as the pulverulent mixture of primary raw material, its main application be hydrogen carbon shaped fuel in combustion, by residual C1 2be fixed in lime-ash with S and form CaC1 2and CaSO 4crystalline material, thus reduce C1 2and SO 2discharge.The explanation of nouns of hydrogen carbon fuel is: formed in the content of material of fuel, the ratio of carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) element accounts for more than 80%, the hydrogen carbon fuel formed by the technology of the present invention, in its content of material, the ratio of carbon and protium has exceeded 80%, and calorific value is at 4000-7000kcal/kg, substantially exist Wu bioxin in the tail gas of its post combustion emission, HC1, SO 2also very low etc. the content of harmful poisonous gas, and well below the discharge standard (GB18485-2014) that national waste incineration was formulated in 2014.In solid waste, the main matter kind of house refuse and flammable industrial refuse is: wooden thing, braid, papery thing, PVC, PP, PE, PPR, terylene, acrylic fibers, foam, cotton yarn, silk duty thing, rubber etc., only have PVC and PP to contain chlorine (C1) element in above-mentioned substance, molecular formula is: [CH 2cHC1] n, melting temperature is 160-180 DEG C, and acrylic fibers contain nitrogen (N) element, and molecular formula is [CH (CN) CH 2] n, deliquescing temperature is 190-230 DEG C, containing sulphur (S) element in rubber, constituent mainly carbon (C) and account for 2% sulphur (S), PE molecular formula: [CH 2cH 2] n, PPR molecular formula: [CH 3(CH 3) CH 2] n, terylene molecular formula: [OCPHCOOCH 2cH 2o] n, can find out the high molecular polymer that all the other materials are made up of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O) element substantially or compound from above-mentioned molecular formula, not chloride, sulphur, nitrogen element.

Claims (4)

1. utilize a method for solid waste preparing hydrogen carbon fuel, it is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
(1) pour solid waste into material storage container, make Leachate site automatically flow to sewage regulating reservoir from material storage container bottom pipe;
(2) solid waste is risen to steel wire rope bag-breaking machine from material storage container and carry out broken bag;
(3) solid waste after broken bag is transported to bouncing sorter and isolates noncombustibles and combustible;
(4) noncombustibles is transported to vibration slope-climbing machine, isolates organic matter more than inorganic matter and kitchen, inorganic matter is carried out landfill; Organic matter more than kitchen is transported to anaerobic fermentation pond and carries out anaerobic fermentation, produce biogas and compost; Combustible is transported to magnetic separator and sub-elects metal, obtain the combustible removing metallics;
(5) combustible removing metallics is transported to shearing primary mill, carry out the fragmentation of larger pieces of material, the combustible after slightly being broken, the Leachate site pipeline of precipitation is incorporated into sewage regulating reservoir;
(6) combustible after slightly broken is sent into rough segmentation rotary screen, utilize large winnowing machine selection by winnowing oversize, utilize little winnowing machine selection by winnowing screenings;
(7) little winnowing machine selection by winnowing lightweight thing is out transported to magnetic separator and sub-elects biscuit metal, little winnowing machine selection by winnowing heavy substance is out isolated organic matter more than inorganic matter and kitchen through vibration slope-climbing machine, landfill disposal is carried out to inorganic matter, fermentation process is carried out to organic matter more than kitchen, produces biogas and compost.The lightweight thing sorted out by large winnowing machine is transported to crawler type and rolls dewaterer, the heavy substance sorted out by large winnowing machine is sent into after magnetic separator sub-elects metallics and is entered into artificial separation room, pick residual noncombustibles by manually dividing, remaining combustible is sent into crawler type and is rolled dewaterer;
(8) crawler type rolls the combustible that water content is greater than 45% by dewaterer and rolls dehydration to less than 30% by crawler belt, obtain the combustible after dewatering, the sewage taken off is imported to sewage regulating reservoir regulate, sewage is sent to leachate treatment factory after overregulating;
(9) combustible after dehydration is by punching type longitudinal shear machine and cross cut shears, and cutting into the length of side is be transported to dechlorination reaction still by feed screw after the blockage of about 5cm to carry out dry dechlorination.The parameter of dry dechlorination is as follows: temperature is about 300 DEG C, time >=half an hour, catalyst is ZSM25, ferriferous oxide or palladium ferrous metal mixture.Little charcoal block and little carbon granule is obtained after dry dechlorination, and containing HC1, H 2s, SO 2, NH 3hot blast;
(10) little charcoal block and little carbon granule are delivered to cooling device cooling, obtain cooled little charcoal block and little carbon granule, will containing HC1, H 2s, SO 2, NH 3hot blast be incorporated into spray extracting tower carry out depickling, obtain the gas after depickling;
(11) gas after depickling to be removed after stink again through deduster dedusting through deodoriser, then discharge;
(12) cooled little charcoal block and little carbon granule are crossed segmentation rotary screen, screenings is the hydrogen toner body fuel of diameter≤5mm, and oversize is the charcoal block of diameter > 5mm;
(13) in hydrogen toner body fuel, add solid chlorine sulphur-fixing agent, Gu chlorine sulphur-fixing agent weight is 2%-4% of hydrogen toner body weight of fuel, then to be stirred by mixer and shaping through forming machine, obtain the shaping hydrogen carbon fuel that diameter is 8mm-25mm; The charcoal block of diameter > 5mm is put into dry distillation charring kiln and carries out dry distillation charring, dry distillation charring kiln temperature is 400 DEG C-600 DEG C, combustor is utilized to burn the fuel gas from the discharge of dry distillation charring kiln and obtain heat, part heat is for heating dry distillation charring kiln, and another part heat is used for heating steam boiler.The carbonized material of discharging from dry distillation charring kiln obtains hydrogen toner body fuel after beater disintegrating machine is pulverized, by hydrogen toner body fuel through supercooling with forming machine is shaping obtains the hydrogen carbon shaped fuel that diameter is 8mm-25mm;
(14) steam that steam boiler provides generates electricity for driving steam turbine, the high-temperature flue gas of steam boiler discharge and the rear hot blast forming about 300 DEG C of cold air mixing, then is introduced in dechlorination reaction still, for dechlorination and the material of drying in dechlorination reaction still;
Wherein, described solid waste is house refuse or flammable industrial refuse.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the described non-combustible material of step (3) is organic matter more than brick, tile fragment, stone, vial, kitchen; Combustible is plastics, rubber, braid, wooden thing, papery thing.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, step (4) described inorganic matter is brick, tile fragment, stone, vial.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the described solid chlorine sulphur-fixing agent of step (13) is calcium oxide.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105268729A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-01-27 陈惊雷 Household refuse treatment method
CN106623350A (en) * 2016-11-04 2017-05-10 高细平 Comprehensive treatment technique for town domestic waste
CN109868174A (en) * 2017-12-01 2019-06-11 曾皇霖 The impact type that useless motor vehicles crush residue continuously softens extrusion method
CN113578939A (en) * 2021-09-18 2021-11-02 顺叱华(青岛)智能科技有限公司 Coupling recycling production line for household garbage and engineering muck and manufacturing method thereof

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JP2010084082A (en) * 2008-10-02 2010-04-15 Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd Biomass fuel and method of manufacturing the same
CN102430560A (en) * 2011-10-12 2012-05-02 陈小刚 Process for comprehensively treating municipal domestic wastes
CN102527701A (en) * 2012-01-06 2012-07-04 北京昊海天际科技有限公司 Comprehensive treating system for domestic wastes
CN204039347U (en) * 2014-08-14 2014-12-24 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 One way of life refuse pyrolysis comprehensive resource treatment system

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JP2000285756A (en) * 1999-03-30 2000-10-13 Densen Sogo Gijutsu Center Dechlorination method of coating waste of vinyl chloride coated wire
JP2010084082A (en) * 2008-10-02 2010-04-15 Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd Biomass fuel and method of manufacturing the same
CN102430560A (en) * 2011-10-12 2012-05-02 陈小刚 Process for comprehensively treating municipal domestic wastes
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105268729A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-01-27 陈惊雷 Household refuse treatment method
CN106623350A (en) * 2016-11-04 2017-05-10 高细平 Comprehensive treatment technique for town domestic waste
CN109868174A (en) * 2017-12-01 2019-06-11 曾皇霖 The impact type that useless motor vehicles crush residue continuously softens extrusion method
CN113578939A (en) * 2021-09-18 2021-11-02 顺叱华(青岛)智能科技有限公司 Coupling recycling production line for household garbage and engineering muck and manufacturing method thereof

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