CN106244239B - The process of refuse gasification production synthetic natural gas - Google Patents
The process of refuse gasification production synthetic natural gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN106244239B CN106244239B CN201610630858.5A CN201610630858A CN106244239B CN 106244239 B CN106244239 B CN 106244239B CN 201610630858 A CN201610630858 A CN 201610630858A CN 106244239 B CN106244239 B CN 106244239B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
- B01D50/40—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D47/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
- C10K1/003—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants, e.g. acid gas removal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
- C10K1/003—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants, e.g. acid gas removal
- C10K1/004—Sulfur containing contaminants, e.g. hydrogen sulfide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
- C10K1/026—Dust removal by centrifugal forces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
- C10J2300/1606—Combustion processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
- C10J2300/1615—Stripping
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
- C10J2300/1628—Ash post-treatment
- C10J2300/1631—Ash recycling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
- C10J2300/1823—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water for synthesis gas
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processes of refuse gasification production synthetic natural gas, solve the problems, such as there is no so far produces synthetic natural gas technique based on refuse gasification technology, present invention process includes refuse gasification process, gas purification process and methanation process, the refuse gasification process includes garbage feeding and high-temperature gasification workshop section, crude synthesis gas dedusting and recuperation of heat workshop section, crude synthesis gas Quench and washing room and high-temperature slag Quench and slagging-off workshop section, gas purification process includes COS hydrolysis and desulfurization at normal-pressure workshop section, air-introduced machine+gas holder stores workshop section, synthesis gas compression section, CO conversion section, acid gas removal workshop section；The methanation process includes methanation workshop section and natural gas refining workshop section, finally obtains the sales-quality gas product for meeting state quality standard requirement.Present invention process is simple, capacity usage ratio is high, recycling effect is good, and energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of garbage disposal and natural gas production process, specifically a kind of refuse gasification production synthesis
The process of natural gas.
Background technique
Currently for garbage disposal, there are mainly three types of modes, i.e. sanitary landfills, compost and power generation by waste combustion.Waste incineration can be real
Existing garbage decrement, can generate electricity while reducing land occupation, create certain economic benefit, but waste incineration is also brought
Some problems：1. being easy to produce the carcinogens such as bioxin and furans since incineration temperature is not high；2. burn generation flying dust and
It is rich in poisonous and harmful heavy metallic substance in residue, underground water source is be easy to cause to pollute；A large amount of flue gases, carbon emission amount are generated 3. burning
Greatly.
Refuse gasification technology is a kind of garbage disposal new technology developed in recent years, using refuse gasification technical treatment
Rubbish has opened up a new approach for the innoxious of rubbish, minimizing and recycling treatment, is expected to substitute traditional rubbish and burn
Burning technology, it has also become one new development trend of current field of garbage disposal.
From the retrospect analysis from documents consulted at present, natural gas is produced mainly using zymotechnique, patent by rubbish
CN103484183B discloses a kind of house refuse process for producing natural and device, the process flow used for：It will life rubbish
Rubbish is classified after comminution pretreatment, and inorganic matter passes through H processed2Plasma gun and CO plasma gun processed produce H respectively2And CO, then into
Single step reaction generates methane；And organic matter obtains methane by after fermenting tank for fermentation Biogas, then by purification separation.The work
Skill first has to recycle after pre-processing garbage classification, no matter first can its inorganic matter really be realized through different plasmas
Rifle produces H respectively2And CO, producing the main technique of methane, still using traditional fermentation producing methane, purification separation obtains first again
The mode of alkane.A kind of method of the quick methane phase of kitchen garbage normal temperature anaerobic fermentation of patent CN105063096A and
It is to produce methane using anaerobic ferment process that CN102873073A kitchen garbage, which prepares natural gas used for automobile device and working method all,
And the raw material rubbish of processing is all the high kitchen garbage of the content of organic matter.
Using rubbish, particularly industry or municipal refuse as Material synthesis natural gas compared with coal Material synthesis natural gas,
There are following important technological problems：One, high carcinogen bioxin and flying dust can be generally generated in high temperature garbage heat treatment process
And the pollution source containing Leaching of Heavy Metals such as clinker, it is technology people that above-mentioned nuisance how to be effectively reduced in production technology
Member's problem in need of consideration；Two, it is that rubbish is many kinds of, mainly there is industrial refuse (such as blast furnace slag, non-ferrous metal slag, flyash
The equal hazardous solid wastes such as general industries rubbish and industrial sludge, pharmaceutical factory's residue, pesticide) and municipal refuse (such as food waste, paper
, plastics, fabric, tire, waste household appliances, bamboo and wood and greening waste etc.), moisture content, calorific value, size etc. are each different
How sample guarantees that these raw materials can efficiently, sufficiently gasify and the technical issues that need to address there are biggish difference；
Three, it is during refuse gasification, how under the premise of avoiding or reducing bioxin and generating, effective recycling heat as much as possible
Can, improve the energy conversion efficiency of system, it is also desirable to develop corresponding solution.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem, provide that a kind of simple process, efficiency is high, is suitable for processing
Various different material rubbish, and the process of good, the energy-saving and environment-friendly refuse gasification production synthetic natural gas of recycling effect.
Technical solution includes using industry or municipal refuse as raw material, through refuse gasification process, gas purification process and methane
Chemical industry sequence obtains synthetic natural gas, which is characterized in that the refuse gasification process includes garbage feeding and high-temperature gasification workshop section, thick
Synthesis gas dedusting and recuperation of heat workshop section, crude synthesis gas Quench and washing room and high-temperature slag Quench and slagging-off workshop section；Wherein, exist
In garbage feeding and high-temperature gasification workshop section, rubbish is first sent into gasification furnace progress high-temperature gasification and obtains crude synthesis gas and high-temperature slag,
In crude synthesis gas dedusting and recuperation of heat workshop section, the thick synthesis is cooled to 550~600 DEG C after dedusting and recuperation of heat, thick
In synthesis gas Quench and washing room, the thick conjunction gas continues to be quenched synthesis of the rapid Quench of water to 80~90 DEG C, after Quench
The further cleaning dust of the washed tower of gas, depickling are simultaneously sent into gas purification process after being cooled to 35~40 DEG C, swash in high-temperature slag
Cold and slagging-off workshop section, the high-temperature slag obtain vitreum slag after Quench and slagging-off；The gasification furnace is fixed-bed gasification furnace,
Gasification furnace interior reaction temperature is controlled at 1100~2000 DEG C, the gasification furnace top is equipped with fuel gas burner, and into gasification furnace
The fuel containing gasifying agent is sprayed into, control gasification outlet of still crude synthesis gas temperature is at 1150~1250 DEG C.
In the garbage feeding and high-temperature gasification workshop section, the gasification furnace upper, annular is symmetrically arranged with 2~6 fuel gas
Burner, the fuel gas burner and gasification furnace vertical central axis line are downwards at 45~90 ° of angles, control gasification outlet of still crude synthesis gas
Temperature is at 1150~1250 DEG C.
In garbage feeding and high-temperature gasification workshop section, the gasification furnace base circle is symmetrically arranged with 2~6 fuel gas and burns
Mouth, the fuel gas burner and gasification furnace vertical central axis line are upwards at 45~90 ° of angles, the high temperature molten slag of control gasification furnace bottom
Temperature is at 1300~2000 DEG C.
In crude synthesis gas dedusting and recuperation of heat workshop section, the thick synthesis removes dust and flying dust through two stage cyclone separator
Afterwards, it enters back into heat recovery system and carries out heat recovery, while the dust and flying dust isolated are returned by the flying dust for the furnace bottom that gasifies
Material import is back to gasification furnace bottom and carries out slag treatment.
The gas purification process includes COS hydrolysis and desulfurization at normal-pressure workshop section, air-introduced machine+gas holder storage workshop section, synthesis gas
Compression section, CO conversion section, acid gas removal workshop section and sulfur recovery workshop section, wherein in COS hydrolysis and desulfurization at normal-pressure workshop section
In, the crude synthesis gas first passes through COS hydrolysis, and the tempreture organic sulphur hydrolysis in crude synthesis gas is de- at inorganic sulfur, then by desulfurization at normal-pressure
Except wherein most H2S；Crude synthesis gas in air-introduced machine+gas holder storage workshop section after desulfurization is drawn entrance by air-introduced machine
Low pressure gas holder is stored and is buffered, and in synthesis gas compression section, crude synthesis gas is compressed to 1.0 by synthesic gas compressor
~4.0MPa, then purification synthesis is obtained after CO conversion section carries out CO transformation and acid gas removal workshop section removing sour gas
Pneumatic transmission enters methanation process.
In the CO conversion section, CO and H in crude synthesis gas is controlled2Molar ratio be：H2/ CO=3.0-3.1.
In the acid gas removal workshop section, H in crude synthesis gas is controlled2, CO and CO2The molar ratio of three is：(H2-
CO2)/(CO+CO2)=2.9~3.1, to obtain purification synthesis gas.
The gas purification process further includes sulfur recovery workshop section, and the COS is hydrolyzed and what desulfurization at normal-pressure workshop section isolated contains
The sulfurous gas that sulphur liquid and acid gas removal workshop section isolate is sent into the sulfur recovery workshop section and produces byproduct sulphur.
In the methanation process, the purification synthesis gas is met by methanation workshop section and natural gas refining workshop section
The sales-quality gas product that state quality standard requires.
To solve the problems in the background art, inventor has carried out following improvement：1) gasification furnace is transformed,
Fuel gas burner is added on gasification furnace top, by being passed through thick synthesis of the fuel gas for generating to refuse gasification on gasification furnace top
Gas carries out gas reforming.After raw material rubbish enters in the middle part of gasification furnace, since rubbish itself may carry bioxin and gas
Bioxin may be generated by changing combustion process, can carry a certain amount of bioxin in the crude synthesis gas for generating refuse gasification,
Meanwhile if gasification reaction temperature controls bad, in the lower situation of temperature, tar may also be carried in crude synthesis gas
Equal larger molecular organics have sprayed into the fuel containing gasifying agent by the fuel gas burner on gasification furnace top at this time and (have formed high temperature
Flame), so that crude synthesis gas is maintained higher temperature, guarantees that outlet crude synthesis gas temperature at 1150~1250 DEG C, can play
The effect of gas reforming is carried out to crude synthesis gas, while being controlled crude synthesis gas residence time at a high temperature of 1150 DEG C or more and being greater than
2 seconds, the destruction so that larger molecular organics such as tar, bioxin, furans in crude synthesis gas are thoroughly decomposed in gasification furnace, most
Throughout one's life at H2With the crude synthesis gas based on CO；It is preferred that controlling the fuel gas burner and gasification furnace vertical central axis line downwards at 45
~90 ° of angles, angle it is excessive or it is too small may all energy be made to be unevenly distributed, or cause the crude synthesis gas residence time insufficient,
The organic matters such as bioxin are unable to fully decompose or the residence time is too long, cause unnecessary energy dissipation；2) go out the thick of gasification furnace
Synthesis gas cools down, carried out by the temperature of Dui bioxin-formation curve studies have shown that when gas temperature 250~
At 550 DEG C, bioxin can be generated largely, reach peak at 400 DEG C or so, the considerations of in response to this problem and for energy conservation and environmental protection,
Inventor uses the cooling technological means of two steps to crude synthesis gas, is first dusted to crude synthesis gas, then uses waste heat boiler,
1150 DEG C or more of high-temperature crude synthesis gas is recycled into thermal energy and is cooled to 550~600 DEG C (temperature is higher than above-mentioned 250~550
DEG C bioxin quickly generates temperature range, therefore effectively bioxin can be avoided to generate again), then crude synthesis gas is quickly swashed again
It is cooled to 80~90 DEG C, crosses the temperature range that quickly generates of bioxin rapidly, removing HCl, HF is finally washed by scrubbing tower again
Equal halogens, synthetic catalyst required for removal bioxin generates, can further prevent the generation of bioxin, to reach
The purpose of harmful substance into energy conservation and environmental protection, effectively control crude synthesis gas.Into in the crude synthesis gas before gas purification process two
Evil English content can be brought down below 0.005ng/Nm3(much smaller than current international and domestic general content of dioxin 0.1ng/Nm3Control
Standard is practically free of bioxin and furans)；3) problem high for the possible sulfur-bearing of crude synthesis gas of refuse gasification generation, invention
People uses two step desulfurization, first passes through COS hydrolysis workshop section the tempreture organic sulphur hydrolysis in crude synthesis gas is de- at inorganic sulfur, then by normal pressure
Sulphur technology removes wherein most H2S (remainder sulfur content can be needed according to subsequent sulphur-resistant conversion to adjust), finally leads to
Peracidity gas removal, which removes remaining sulphur, can make the total sulfur content of crude synthesis gas by the method for above-mentioned two steps desulfurization
It is down to 10mg/Nm3Below；4) using fixed bed gasification technology and corresponding garbage-compressing or spiral feeding manner, in garbage feeding
On can reduce limitation to feed waste size, it is easier to charging while realizing different sized trash, garbage feeding grain
Spend the Feed size within the scope of acceptable 5~500mm.Meanwhile it can divide from top to bottom from garbage feeding in fixed-bed gasification furnace
Matched for dry section, dry distillation area, gasification zone and combustion zone by residence time and reaction temperature of the control rubbish in gasification furnace
Close the use of gasification furnace bottom dross section, it is ensured that rubbish reacts completely in gasification furnace.
Beneficial effect：
1. method of the invention uses refuse gasification technology, gasification reaction temperature is high, reacts two in the crude synthesis gas of generation
The larger molecular organics such as Evil English and furans, which decompose, to be destroyed, while high-temperature synthesis gas is cooled down rapidly by the way of Quench, is led to simultaneously
The halogens such as alkali cleaning removing HCl, HF are crossed, bioxin can be effectively prevent to generate again, and the synthesis gas generated that gasifies finally closes
At gas product, no Han bioxin exhaust gas discharge；Inorganic matter and flying dust in rubbish are then generated by high-temperature slag mode
Property is stablized, nontoxic vitreum slag, and without fly ash emission, environmentally friendly；
2. the organic matter in method raw material rubbish of the invention generates the synthesis gas based on CO and H2 after gasification, and
Gas product is further produced by methanation synthetic technology, and the inorganic matter in rubbish is formed by Quench after high-temperature slag
Nontoxic vitreum slag can be used for brickmaking etc. further comprehensively utilize, so that it is comprehensive that rubbish has been carried out recycling to the maximum extent
It closes and utilizes, solve traditional garbage incineration technology and be only used for power generation or heat supply, resource utilization rate is low, and flying ash and furnace
The problem of slag must be further processed to prevent secondary pollution can be truly realized innoxious garbage disposal, minimizing and resource
Change.
3. method of the invention uses fixed-bed gasification furnace, wide to the granularity requirements of feed waste, so that the rubbish of processing
Adaptability is wider, both can handle industrial refuse, such as blast furnace slag, non-ferrous metal slag, flyash general industry rubbish and industry
The hazardous solid wastes such as sludge, pharmaceutical factory's residue, pesticide), also can handle municipal refuse, as food waste, paper, plastics, fabric,
Tire, waste household appliances, bamboo and wood and greening waste etc.；
4. method of the invention the top of gasification furnace and bottom be provided with fuel gas burner for assist gasification and melt
Slag keeps the reaction temperature Flow Field Distribution in gasification furnace more uniform, keeps gasification reaction more complete, more efficiently improve gas
Change reaction efficiency and the thermal efficiency.Waste heat, the energy regenerating utilization rate height in crude synthesis gas are recycled by two step cool-down methods, it is whole
The thermal efficiency is high, up to 80% or more；
5. method and process process of the invention is simple, system is safe and reliable, recycling effect is good, efficiency is high, to environment friend
Well, popularization and application foreground is good.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of gasification furnace of the present invention.
Wherein：1-gasification furnace, the outlet of 1.1-top crude synthesis gas, 1.2-fuel gas burners, 1.3-raw material rubbish into
Mouth, 1.4-gasifying agent interfaces, 1.5-fuel gas burners, 1.6-flying dust returning charge imports, 1.7-slag exits, 2-slags swash
Cold tank.
Fig. 2 is process flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the scheme of installation of fuel gas burner 1.2.
Fig. 4 is the scheme of installation of fuel gas burner 1.5.
Specific embodiment
Explanation is further explained to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawing：
Reference Fig. 2,
Using industry or municipal refuse as raw material, closed through refuse gasification process, gas purification process and methanation process
At natural gas, following steps are specifically included：
The refuse gasification process include garbage feeding and high-temperature gasification workshop section, crude synthesis gas dedusting and recuperation of heat workshop section,
Crude synthesis gas Quench and washing room and high-temperature slag Quench and slagging-off workshop section；Wherein, in garbage feeding and high-temperature gasification workshop section
In, raw material rubbish (such as municipal refuses such as industrial sludge, pharmaceutical factory's residue industrial refuse or food waste, paper, plastics) is through feeding
System (charging partial size is in 5~500mm) is first sent into gasification furnace progress high-temperature gasification and obtains crude synthesis gas and high-temperature slag, is slightly closing
At in gas dedusting and recuperation of heat workshop section, the thick synthesis enters back into heat and returns after two stage cyclone separator removes dust and flying dust
Receipts system carries out the dust and flying dust that are cooled to 550~600 DEG C after heat recovery, while isolating and is flown by gasification furnace bottom
Grey returning charge import is back to 1 bottom of gasification furnace and carries out slag treatment.In crude synthesis gas Quench and washing room, the thick conjunction gas
Continue to be quenched the rapid Quench of water to 80~90 DEG C, the further cleaning dust of the washed tower of synthesis gas, depickling after Quench are simultaneously dropped
Temperature is to being sent into gas purification process after 35~40 DEG C, in high-temperature slag Quench and slagging-off workshop section, the high-temperature slag through Quench and
Vitreum slag is obtained after slagging-off；The gasification furnace is fixed-bed gasification furnace, controls 1 interior reaction temperature of gasification furnace 1100~2000
DEG C, 1 upper, annular of gasification furnace is symmetrically arranged with 2~6 fuel gas burners 1.2, referring to Fig. 3, the fuel gas burner 1.2
With 1 vertical central axis line of gasification furnace downwards at 45~90 ° of angle a, and the fuel containing gasifying agent is sprayed into gasification furnace, control gas
Change outlet of still crude synthesis gas temperature at 1150~1250 DEG C, 1 base circle of gasification furnace is symmetrically arranged with 2~6 fuel gas
Burner 1.5, referring to fig. 4, the fuel gas burner 1.5, upwards at 45~90 ° of angle b, control gas with 1 vertical central axis line of gasification furnace
Change the high temperature molten slag temperature of furnace bottom at 1300~2000 DEG C.
The gas purification process includes COS hydrolysis and desulfurization at normal-pressure workshop section, air-introduced machine+gas holder storage workshop section, synthesis gas
Compression section, CO conversion section, acid gas removal workshop section and sulfur recovery workshop section, wherein in COS hydrolysis and desulfurization at normal-pressure workshop section
In, the crude synthesis gas first passes through COS hydrolysis, and the tempreture organic sulphur hydrolysis in crude synthesis gas is de- at inorganic sulfur, then by desulfurization at normal-pressure
Except wherein most H2S；Crude synthesis gas in air-introduced machine+gas holder storage workshop section after desulfurization is drawn entrance by air-introduced machine
Low pressure gas holder is stored and is buffered, and in synthesis gas compression section, crude synthesis gas is compressed to 1.0 by synthesic gas compressor
~4.0MPa, then purification synthesis is obtained after CO conversion section carries out CO transformation and acid gas removal workshop section removing sour gas
Pneumatic transmission enters methanation process.In the CO conversion section, CO and H in crude synthesis gas is controlled2Molar ratio be：H2/ CO=3.0-
3.1.In the acid gas removal workshop section, H in crude synthesis gas2, CO and CO2The molar ratio of three is：(H2-CO2)/(CO+
CO2)=2.9~3.1, to obtain purification synthesis gas.The COS hydrolysis and desulfurization at normal-pressure workshop section removing sulfur-containing liquid and acidity
The sulfurous gas removed in gas removal workshop section can recycle byproduct sulphur through sulfur recovery workshop section.
In the methanation process, the purification synthesis gas is met by methanation workshop section and natural gas refining workshop section
State quality standard requires the sales-quality gas product (i.e. product natural gas) of (GB17820-2012).
In the present invention, 1 structure of gasification furnace is equipped with crude synthesis gas outlet 1.1, top loop referring to Fig. 1, at the top of the gasification furnace 1
Shape is symmetrically arranged with 2-6 fuel gas burner 1.2, and the fuel gas burner 1.2 is with gasification furnace vertical central axis line downwards at 45~90 °
Angle a；Middle and lower part is equipped with raw material garbage inlet 1.3, and lower part is equipped with gasifying agent interface 1.4, and base circle is symmetrically arranged with 2-6 combustion
Expect gas burner 1.5, the fuel gas burner 1.5 is with gasification furnace vertical central axis line downwards at 45~90 ° of angle b；In bottom under
It is equipped with flying dust returning charge import 1.6 between portion, is equipped with the slag exit connecting with slag Quench tank 2 below fuel gas burner 1.5
1.7。
In gasification furnace, raw material rubbish is by garbage-compressing feed system by the raw material rubbish of 1 middle and lower part of refuse gasification boiler
Import 1.3 is fed through in gasification furnace 1 (charging partial size is in 5~500mm), and the presence of the oxygen sprayed into gasifying agent interface 1.4
Raw gasification reaction is issued, controls gasification reaction temperature at 1100~2000 DEG C, wherein the organic matter in rubbish passes through gasification reaction
After generate with CO and H2Based on crude synthesis gas, crude synthesis gas rises to 1 top of refuse gasification boiler, by top symmetrically arranged 2
The burning of flame further occurrence and gasification reaction that~6 fuel gas burners 1.2 spray, carry out weight to the crude synthesis gas of generation
It is whole, and control and guarantee crude synthesis gas from temperature when 1 top crude synthesis gas of gasification furnace outlet, 1.1 extraction 1150~1250
DEG C, it is complete to make to export the larger molecular organics such as bioxin in crude synthesis gas by residence time >=2s of the crude synthesis gas in gasification furnace 1
It decomposes；The inorganic matter for failing to gasification reaction then drops into 1 bottom of gasification furnace, and returned by flying dust returning charge import 1.6
The flame that flying dust is sprayed by 2~6 fuel gas burners 1.5 that 1 bottom symmetrical of gasification furnace is arranged together carries out slag reaction, control
The high temperature molten slag temperature of 1 bottom of gasification furnace guarantees that inorganic matter lime-ash forms molten slag at 1300~2000 DEG C, and passes through gasification
The slag exit 1.7 of furnace bottommost flows out, and enters the slag Quench tank 2 being connected with gasification furnace bottom and carries out slag Quench, from
And form the discharge of vitreum slag out-of-bounds.
Technique is while carrying out innoxious and minimizing to Harmful Waste and handling through the invention, can to the maximum extent by
Rubbish carries out resource utilization, has process flow simple and reliable, raw material rubbish wide adaptability, process energy utilization rate
The advantages that height, recycling effect is good, and energy conservation and environmental protection, popularization and application foreground are good.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of process of refuse gasification production synthetic natural gas, using industry or municipal refuse as raw material, through refuse gasification
Process, gas purification process and methanation process obtain synthetic natural gas, which is characterized in that the refuse gasification process includes rubbish
Rubbish charging and high-temperature gasification workshop section, crude synthesis gas dedusting and recuperation of heat workshop section, crude synthesis gas Quench and washing room and high temperature melting
Slag Quench and slagging-off workshop section；Wherein, in garbage feeding and high-temperature gasification workshop section, rubbish is first sent into gasification furnace and carries out high-temperature gasification
Crude synthesis gas and high-temperature slag are obtained, in crude synthesis gas dedusting and recuperation of heat workshop section, the thick synthesis is through dedusting and recuperation of heat
After be cooled to 550~600 DEG C, in crude synthesis gas Quench and washing room, the thick conjunction gas continues to be quenched the rapid Quench of water
To 80~90 DEG C, the further cleaning dust of the washed tower of synthesis gas, depickling after Quench are simultaneously sent into gas after being cooled to 35~40 DEG C
Body cleaning procedure, in high-temperature slag Quench and slagging-off workshop section, the high-temperature slag obtains vitreum slag after Quench and slagging-off；Institute
Stating gasification furnace is fixed-bed gasification furnace, controls gasification furnace interior reaction temperature at 1100~2000 DEG C, the gasification furnace top is equipped with
Fuel gas burner, and the fuel containing gasifying agent is sprayed into gasification furnace, control gasification outlet of still crude synthesis gas temperature is 1150
~1250 DEG C.
2. the process of refuse gasification as described in claim 1 production synthetic natural gas, which is characterized in that the rubbish into
In material and high-temperature gasification workshop section, the gasification furnace upper, annular is symmetrically arranged with 2~6 fuel gas burners, and the fuel gas is burnt
Mouth and gasification furnace vertical central axis line are downwards at 45~90 ° of angles.
3. the process of refuse gasification production synthetic natural gas as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in rubbish
In charging and high-temperature gasification workshop section, the gasification furnace base circle is symmetrically arranged with 2~6 fuel gas burners, the fuel gas
Burner and gasification furnace vertical central axis line upwards at 45~90 ° of angles, the high temperature molten slag temperature of control gasification furnace bottom 1300~
2000℃。
4. the process of refuse gasification production synthetic natural gas as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in crude synthesis gas
In dedusting and recuperation of heat workshop section, the thick synthesis enters back into recuperation of heat system after two stage cyclone separator removes dust and flying dust
System carries out heat recovery, while the dust and flying dust isolated are back to gasification furnace by the flying dust returning charge import for the furnace bottom that gasifies
Bottom carries out slag treatment.
5. the process of refuse gasification production synthetic natural gas as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the gas is net
Chemical industry sequence includes COS hydrolysis and desulfurization at normal-pressure workshop section, air-introduced machine+gas holder storage workshop section, synthesis gas compression section, CO transformation work
Section, acid gas removal workshop section, wherein in COS hydrolysis and desulfurization at normal-pressure workshop section, the crude synthesis gas first passes through COS hydrolysis
By the tempreture organic sulphur hydrolysis in crude synthesis gas at inorganic sulfur, then pass through desulfurization at normal-pressure removing wherein most H2S；In air-introduced machine+gas
Cabinet stores in workshop section, and the crude synthesis gas after desulfurization, which is drawn by air-introduced machine into low pressure gas holder, to be stored and buffered；?
In synthesis gas compression section, crude synthesis gas is compressed to by 1.0~4.0MPa by synthesic gas compressor, then through CO conversion section into
Purification synthesis gas, which is obtained, after row CO transformation and acid gas removal workshop section removing sour gas is sent into methanation process.
6. the process of refuse gasification production synthetic natural gas as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the CO transformation
In workshop section, CO and H in crude synthesis gas is controlled2Molar ratio be：H2/ CO=3.0-3.1.
7. the process of refuse gasification production synthetic natural gas as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the sour gas
Body removes in workshop section, controls H in crude synthesis gas2, CO and CO2The molar ratio of three is：(H2-CO2)/(CO+CO2)=2.9~
3.1。
8. such as the process of the described in any item refuse gasification production synthetic natural gases of claim 5-7, which is characterized in that institute
Stating gas purification process further includes sulfur recovery workshop section, the sulfur-containing liquid and acid that the COS is hydrolyzed and desulfurization at normal-pressure workshop section isolates
Property the gas removal workshop section sulfurous gas isolated be sent into the sulfur recovery workshop section production byproduct sulphur.
9. the process of refuse gasification production synthetic natural gas as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the methanation
In process, the purification synthesis gas obtains meeting state quality standard requirement by methanation workshop section and natural gas refining workshop section
Sales-quality gas product.
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| CN110016366B (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2021-05-07 | 绵阳通美能源科技有限公司 | Domestic waste gasification methanation power generation system |
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| CN104927949A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-23 | 上海国际化建工程咨询公司 | Method and system for producing synthetic natural gas or coproducing hydrogen using dry-method thermal desulfurization of circulating fluidized bed |
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| CN104893748A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-09 | 西安元创化工科技股份有限公司 | Method for producing tar and hydrocarbon fuel products from coal |
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