CN109609190B - Garbage gasification and tar catalytic gasification device - Google Patents
Garbage gasification and tar catalytic gasification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109609190B CN109609190B CN201811534239.1A CN201811534239A CN109609190B CN 109609190 B CN109609190 B CN 109609190B CN 201811534239 A CN201811534239 A CN 201811534239A CN 109609190 B CN109609190 B CN 109609190B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/721—Multistage gasification, e.g. plural parallel or serial gasification stages
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0969—Carbon dioxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0983—Additives
- C10J2300/0986—Catalysts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a garbage gasification and tar catalytic gasification device, wherein a tar catalyst layer is arranged at a high-temperature part, so that the device can be suitable for all tar catalysts in the market, such as limestone, dolomite, olivine, magnesite, alkali metal, biochar and the like; the existence of the catalyst can not only reduce the tar content in the gasified synthetic gas, but also adjust the content proportion of combustible components and improve the quality of the gasified synthetic gas. The gasification device in the system carries out multi-stage distribution on gasification agents, the first-stage gasification agent directly carries out gasification reaction with garbage, and the second-stage gasification agent is arranged below the tar catalysis layer to promote tar catalytic cracking; the gasifying agents used by the gasifying furnace comprise air, oxygen enrichment, water vapor, carbon dioxide and the like, and are determined according to the garbage quality, the tar catalyst and the gasified synthetic gas. The garbage gasification and tar catalytic gasification device carries out thermochemical treatment-garbage gasification on garbage, efficiently, cleanly and harmlessly utilizes energy sources contained in the garbage, and effectively avoids pollution problems of heavy metals, dioxin and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and relates to a garbage gasification and tar catalytic gasification device.
Background
With the rapid increase of economy, the energy demand of China is increasing day by day, and the development of renewable, green and sustainable new energy is an important problem to be solved urgently in the energy field in the current severe situation of gradual shortage of traditional fossil energy and environmental pollution. Along with the progress of urbanization, the annual production of municipal solid waste is increased sharply, and the annual production of municipal solid waste reaches 1.91419 million tons in 2015 nationwide. The main components of domestic garbage of various major cities in China are generally consistent, the organic matter component is up to more than 80%, and the proportion of kitchen garbage is up to 50-60%. In the household garbage, the volatile contents of organic combustible components are all high and all are over 70 percent, the household garbage belongs to a renewable resource containing more combustible C, H elements, and the calorific value of each organic combustible component is basically half of that of standard coal. Therefore, the effective utilization of the heat energy in the domestic garbage is a reasonable method for developing the energy resources in the garbage.
At present, domestic garbage treatment methods in China mainly comprise a landfill method, a composting method and a burning method, wherein in harmless treatment, sanitary landfill accounts for 64 percent, burning accounts for 34 percent, and compost and others account for 2 percent; but the requirements of harmless treatment and resource utilization of the domestic garbage can not be realized. First, a landfill method. The landfill garbage accounts for more than 85 percent of the total garbage treatment amount in China, and is easy to generate rich CH4The landfill gas and the garbage leakage liquid generated by the landfill field contain heavy metals, toxic and harmful organic chemical pollutants, pathogenic bacteria of germs and the like, and cause serious pollution to water resources after the garbage leakage liquid penetrates underground. And the second method is a composting method. The composting method can realize the resource utilization of the garbage, but the composting treatment time is long, the treatment amount is small, the occupied area is large, and the fertilizer efficiency of the garbage fertilizer is far lower than that of a chemical fertilizer due to incomplete garbage classification. Thirdly, the burning method. The incineration can effectively utilize the medium heat energy of the garbage, but a highly toxic carcinogenic substance, namely dioxin, is generated in the incineration process, and the fly ash contains volatile heavy metals, so that the serious secondary pollution is caused.
The conventional gasification furnaces mainly include fluidized bed gasification furnaces and fixed bed gasification furnaces. The fluidized bed gasification furnace has the advantages of uniform mixing, high reaction rate, large gas-solid contact area, high mass transfer and heat transfer coefficients and uniform reaction temperature, but has lower thermal efficiency, complex equipment, high maintenance cost and strict requirement on the particle size of the biomass fuel. Compared with a fixed bed gasification furnace, the fluidized bed gasification has the advantages of uniform gasification temperature, high gasification strength, high requirement on raw material granularity, fine fuel granularity, capability of continuous operation and lower gasification temperature, but the gasified synthetic gas has high tar content and high impurity content, a fuel gas purification system is complex, the system investment, operation and maintenance cost are high, the flow velocity of gas flow is high, and the bed wall is easy to wear. The conventional fixed bed gasification furnace has simple structure, high gasification temperature and small treatment capacity, and is suitable for medium and small-scale industrial application; however, in the continuous reaction process, the reaction temperature, the residence time and the flow rate of the gasifying agent are difficult to control. The phenomenon is piled up to the gasification material appears easily in the fixed bed gasifier, and gasification material itself carries moisture, and the existence of moisture causes to be heated unevenly, and then influences the material pyrolysis in-process volatile's precipitation, pyrolysis coke and the effective contact of gasifying agent and carry out gasification. In addition, the more complicated the types of the components of the gasification raw material, the more complicated the gasification process, the more tar is produced, and the more increased the use of a single gasification agent, the more ineffective the tar gasification effect is. At present, a fixed bed gasification furnace generally uses primary air gasification, a small part of the primary air gasification uses water vapor gasification, preheating can be carried out before a pyrolysis gasification process, and tar can be effectively gasified by using a multi-stage gasification agent is not reported basically.
Therefore, the development of a fixed bed gasification furnace which preheats materials before pyrolysis gasification and efficiently gasifies coke and tar by a multi-stage gasification agent is of great significance for the energy utilization of the pyrolysis gasification of garbage.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a garbage gasification and tar catalytic gasification device which is reasonable in structural design, can realize gasification reaction on garbage, can strengthen catalysis on tar in gasified synthetic gas in the gasification process, improves the quality of the gasified synthetic gas, and enables the garbage to be thoroughly treated and utilized in a harmless, resource, reducing and reducing manner.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
the invention discloses a garbage gasification and tar catalytic gasification device, which comprises a gasification furnace, a tar catalytic layer, a garbage material layer and a two-stage gasification agent arrangement unit, wherein the tar catalytic layer, the garbage material layer and the two-stage gasification agent arrangement unit are arranged in the gasification furnace; the top of the gasification furnace is provided with a gasification synthesis gas outlet, the bottom of the gasification furnace is provided with an ash residue outlet, and one side of the gasification furnace is also provided with a garbage conveying unit for conveying garbage to be treated to a garbage material layer; the two-stage gasification agent arrangement unit comprises a first-stage gasification agent arrangement device arranged below the garbage physical layer and a second-stage gasification agent arrangement device arranged below the tar catalysis layer.
Preferably, a horn-shaped regenerative baffle is arranged below the secondary gasifying agent arrangement device, and the horn end opening of the regenerative baffle faces upwards.
Preferably, the garbage conveying unit comprises a garbage feeding hopper and a feeding channel, a spiral feeding rod connected with a motor is arranged in the feeding channel, a bottom outlet of the garbage feeding hopper is communicated with the feeding channel, and the motor rotates to drive the spiral feeding rod to push garbage materials to a garbage physical layer at the bottom of the gasification furnace.
Further preferably, a spiral heating section for drying the garbage materials is further installed outside the feeding channel.
Preferably, the gasification agents used in the two-stage gasification agent arrangement unit are the same or different.
Preferably, the primary gasification agent arrangement device and the secondary gasification agent arrangement device have the same structure;
the device comprises a plurality of layers of annular air distribution pipelines, wherein the annular air distribution pipelines are connected through evenly arranged air distribution pipelines, an air distribution cap is arranged at the joint, 2 gasification agent air inlets are arranged on the outermost layer of the annular air distribution pipelines, and gasification agents enter a gasification agent arrangement device through the gasification agent air inlets.
Preferably, the gasification furnace is of a cylindrical structure, the gasification synthesis gas outlet is arranged at the center of the top of the gasification furnace, and the tar catalysis layer is arranged in the middle high-temperature zone.
Preferably, the ash outlet at the bottom of the gasification furnace is of a funnel-shaped structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention arranges the tar catalyst layer at the high-temperature part, and is suitable for all tar catalysts on the market, such as limestone, dolomite, olivine, magnesite, alkali metal, biochar and the like; the existence of the catalyst can not only reduce the tar content in the gasified synthetic gas, but also adjust the content proportion of combustible components and improve the quality of the gasified synthetic gas. The gasification device in the system carries out multi-stage distribution on gasification agents, the first-stage gasification agent directly carries out gasification reaction with garbage, and the second-stage gasification agent is arranged below the tar catalysis layer to promote tar catalytic cracking; the gasifying agents used by the gasifying furnace comprise air, oxygen enrichment, water vapor, carbon dioxide and the like, and are determined according to the garbage quality, the tar catalyst and the gasified synthetic gas. The garbage gasification and tar catalytic gasification device carries out thermochemical treatment-garbage gasification on garbage, efficiently, cleanly and harmlessly utilizes energy sources contained in the garbage, and effectively avoids pollution problems of heavy metals, dioxin and the like.
Furthermore, a spiral heating section is arranged outside a spiral feeding channel for supplying garbage materials into the gasification furnace, and the control of the water content in the garbage materials is realized by controlling the heating power of a switch to the spiral heating device according to the amount of the garbage materials supplied into the gasification furnace.
Furthermore, the gasification device of the invention arranges the regenerative baffle below the tar catalyst layer, which can enhance the disturbance inside the gasified synthetic gas and prolong the retention time of the gasified synthetic gas, so that the temperature in the furnace is more uniform, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
Further, the structure of the first-stage gasification agent arrangement device is the same as that of the second-stage gasification agent arrangement device; the gasification furnace comprises a plurality of layers of annular air distribution pipelines, wherein the annular air distribution pipelines are connected through uniformly distributed air distribution pipelines, and air distribution caps are arranged at the joints to ensure that a gasification agent is uniformly distributed to all parts of the section of the gasification furnace; 2 gasification agent air inlets are arranged on the outermost layer of the air distribution pipeline; the gasification agent enters the gasification agent arrangement device through the gasification agent air inlet, is distributed to each part of the cross section of the furnace through the uniform air distribution pipeline, and is finally sprayed out from the air distribution cap to enter the furnace to participate in gasification reaction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a garbage gasification and tar catalytic gasification device according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the gas distribution device of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a gasification synthesis gas outlet; 2. a gasification furnace; 3. a tar catalyzing layer; 4. a secondary gasification agent arrangement device; 5. a regenerative baffle; 6. a waste material layer; 7. a first-stage gasifying agent arrangement device; 8. an ash outlet; 9. an annular air distribution pipeline; 10. a garbage hopper; 11. a motor; 12. a spiral heating section; 13. a helical feed bar; 14. a wind distribution cap; 15. an air inlet; 16. and an air distribution pipeline.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, a garbage gasification and tar catalytic gasification device comprises a gasification furnace 2, a tar catalyst layer 3, a garbage material layer 6 and a two-stage gasification agent arrangement unit, wherein the tar catalyst layer 3, the garbage material layer 6 and the two-stage gasification agent arrangement unit are arranged in the gasification furnace 2; the top of the gasification furnace 2 is provided with a gasification synthesis gas outlet 1, the bottom of the gasification furnace is provided with an ash residue outlet 8, and one side of the gasification furnace is also provided with a garbage conveying unit for conveying garbage to be treated to a garbage material layer 6; the two-stage gasification agent arrangement unit comprises a first-stage gasification agent arrangement device 7 arranged below the garbage physical layer 6 and a second-stage gasification agent arrangement device 4 arranged below the tar catalysis layer 3.
The garbage gasification furnace 2 is cylindrical, a gasification synthesis gas outlet 1 is arranged at the top part around the center, a tar catalysis layer 3 is arranged at the high-temperature part of the middle part, a two-stage gasification agent arrangement unit is arranged right below the tar catalysis layer 3, and a regenerative baffle 5 in the shape of a horn is arranged below a two-stage gasification agent arrangement device 4; the sleeve is similar to a horn-shaped necking, so that the retention time of the gasified synthetic gas in the furnace is prolonged, and the temperature in the furnace is more uniform; and the disturbance of the gasified synthetic gas is strengthened, the tar catalysis efficiency is favorably improved, and the ash residue outlet 8 at the bottom of the gasification furnace 2 is of a funnel-shaped structure.
The garbage conveying unit comprises a garbage feeding hopper 10 and a feeding channel, a spiral feeding rod 13 connected with a motor 11 is arranged in the feeding channel, a bottom outlet of the garbage feeding hopper 10 is communicated with the feeding channel, and the motor 11 rotates to drive the spiral feeding rod 13 to push garbage materials to the garbage physical layer 6 at the bottom of the gasification furnace 2. The rubbish material falls into spiral feeding rod 13 through rubbish hopper 10, and pivoted motor 11 drives spiral feeding rod 13 and promotes the rubbish material and send into 2 bottoms of gasifier, according to spiral feeding rod confession gasifier rubbish material volume, through control switch to spiral heating device's heating power, realizes the drying to rubbish.
A spiral heating section 12 is arranged outside the spiral feeding channel and plays a role in drying the garbage materials; a layer of granular catalyst is stacked on the tar catalyst layer 3, and tar in the gasified synthetic gas is catalytically cracked when passing through the part, so that the tar content in the gasified synthetic gas can be reduced, and the components of the gasified synthetic gas are adjusted.
The multistage gasifying agent arrangement system is composed of a first-stage gasifying agent arrangement device 7 and a second-stage gasifying agent arrangement device 4, the first-stage gasifying agent arrangement device 7 and the second-stage gasifying agent arrangement device 4 are identical in structure, see fig. 2, and comprise a plurality of layers of annular air distribution pipelines 9, the annular air distribution pipelines 9 are connected through evenly-arranged air distribution pipelines 16, and air distribution caps 14 are arranged at the joints for ensuring that the gasifying agents are evenly distributed to all parts of the cross section of the gasification furnace. 2 gasification agent air inlets 15 are arranged on the outermost layer-shaped air distribution pipeline 9, the gasification agent enters the annular air distribution pipeline 9 of the gasification agent arrangement device through the gasification agent air inlets 15, is distributed to each part of the cross section of the furnace through the uniform air distribution pipeline 16, and is finally sprayed out from the air distribution cap 14 and enters the furnace to participate in gasification reaction.
The primary gasifying agent and the secondary gasifying agent can be the same gasifying agent or different gasifying agents; a primary gasifying agent arrangement device 7 is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace, and primary gasification reaction is carried out on the primary gasifying agent and the garbage materials to obtain primary gasification synthesis gas; the second-stage gasification agent arrangement device 4 is installed at the high-temperature part, the second-stage gasification agent is mixed with macromolecular organic matters in the first-stage gasification synthesis gas, and when the second-stage gasification agent passes through the tar catalysis layer 3, the second-stage gasification agent and the tar catalyst on the catalysis layer have a synergistic effect, so that the catalytic reaction of the macromolecular organic matters is improved.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A garbage gasification and tar catalytic gasification device is characterized by comprising a gasification furnace (2), a tar catalytic layer (3) arranged in the gasification furnace (2), a garbage material layer (6) and a two-stage gasification agent arrangement unit; a gasification synthesis gas outlet (1) is formed in the top of the gasification furnace (2), an ash residue outlet (8) is formed in the bottom of the gasification furnace, and a garbage conveying unit is further arranged on one side of the gasification furnace and used for conveying garbage to be treated to a garbage material layer (6); the two-stage gasification agent arrangement unit comprises a first-stage gasification agent arrangement device (7) arranged below the garbage material layer (6) and a second-stage gasification agent arrangement device (4) arranged below the tar catalysis layer (3);
the garbage conveying unit comprises a garbage feeding hopper (10) and a feeding channel, a spiral feeding rod (13) connected with a motor (11) is arranged in the feeding channel, an outlet at the bottom of the garbage feeding hopper (10) is communicated with the feeding channel, and the motor (11) rotates to drive the spiral feeding rod (13) to push garbage materials to a garbage material layer (6) at the bottom of the gasification furnace (2);
a spiral heating section (12) for drying the garbage materials is also arranged outside the feeding channel;
the primary gasification agent arrangement device (7) and the secondary gasification agent arrangement device (4) have the same structure; the gasification furnace comprises a plurality of layers of annular air distribution pipelines (9), wherein the annular air distribution pipelines (9) are connected through evenly-arranged air distribution pipelines (16), an air distribution cap (14) is arranged at the joint for ensuring that a gasification agent is evenly distributed to each part of the cross section of the gasification furnace, 2 gasification agent air inlets (15) are arranged on the outermost layer of the annular air distribution pipelines (9), the gasification agent enters a gasification agent distribution device through the gasification agent air inlets (15), is distributed to each part of the cross section of the furnace through the evenly-arranged air distribution pipelines, and is finally sprayed out of the air distribution cap and enters the furnace to participate in gasification reaction;
a horn-shaped regenerative baffle (5) is arranged below the secondary gasifying agent arrangement device (4), and the horn-shaped end opening of the regenerative baffle (5) is upward;
the gasification furnace (2) is of a cylindrical structure, the gasification synthesis gas outlet (1) is arranged at the center of the top of the gasification furnace, and the tar catalysis layer (3) is arranged in a middle high-temperature area.
2. The apparatus for gasification of garbage and catalytic gasification of tar according to claim 1, wherein the gasification agents used in the two stages of gasification agent arrangement units are of the same or different types.
3. The refuse gasification and tar catalytic gasification apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ash outlet (8) at the bottom of the gasification furnace (2) is funnel-shaped.
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| CN110906349B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2024-03-29 | 西安交通大学 | Garbage flue gas waste heat recovery system of low-cost emission reduction dioxin |
| CN111957194A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-20 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Combined type small garbage heat treatment facility flue gas purification system and process thereof |
| CN114106886B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2023-01-24 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Staged gasification device and staged gasification method |
| CN113881462A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-04 | 河南工业大学 | Organic solid waste semi-in-situ carbon fixation gasification device and application thereof |
| CN113897224B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-07-01 | 河南工业大学 | Straw briquette fuel and carbon dioxide cooperative thermal conversion method |
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| CN107460007A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-12 | 安徽鼎梁生物能源科技开发有限公司 | It is a kind of to flow controllable gasification furnace and flowing process method |
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