CN203686896U - 光学壳体以及包括该光学壳体的照明和/或信号装置 - Google Patents

光学壳体以及包括该光学壳体的照明和/或信号装置 Download PDF

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CN203686896U
CN203686896U CN201320537586.6U CN201320537586U CN203686896U CN 203686896 U CN203686896 U CN 203686896U CN 201320537586 U CN201320537586 U CN 201320537586U CN 203686896 U CN203686896 U CN 203686896U
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assembling
component
ledge
cavity
optics housing
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法宾·瑟金特
安德烈·果阿
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Valeo Vision SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B29C65/7805—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring the parts to be joined comprising positioning features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
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    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
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    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/3022—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/3022—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30221—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined said melt initiators being point-like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/30223—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined said melt initiators being rib-like
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/322—Providing cavities in the joined article to collect the burr
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/28—Cover glass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/29—Attachment thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
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    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种借助于超声焊接而组装的光学壳体，该光学壳体(102)用于机动车辆的照明和/或信号装置，包括塑料材料的第一和第二构件(104,106)，每个构件包括组装表面(112,114)，所述组装表面适合于彼此组装。第一构件(104)包括从其组装表面(112)突出的至少一个部分(108)，所述部分被超声焊接至第二构件(106)的组装表面(114)。第二构件(106)的组装表面(114)包括配置成容纳第一构件(104)的突出部分(108)的一个或更多的腔体(118)，以便于能够在它们的平均组装平面中进行第一和第二构件(104,106)的相对定位。这些特征尤其使得能够消除中心定位的肩部，因此以简单的方式产生光学上改进的壳体。

Description

光学壳体以及包括该光学壳体的照明和/或信号装置
技术领域
本实用新型涉及用于照明和/或信号装置的光学壳体的组装，尤其是用于车辆的照明和/或信号装置的光学壳体的组装。本实用新型尤其涉及一种照明和/或信号装置的光学壳体和一种组装这样的壳体的方法。本实用新型还涉及一种照明和/或信号装置，尤其是一种用于车辆的照明和/或信号装置，包括这样的壳体。 
背景技术
图1显示出两种现有技术的光学壳体配置。该图的左半边显示出第一种配置，而右半边显示出第二种配置。图1是截面视图，且为了说明清楚的原因，仅显示出侧面部分。在图的左半边中显示出的壳体2主要包括第一构件4和第二构件6，它们两者都由热塑性材料制造。第二构件6构成了壳体的基座，第一构件4构成了盖或帽。第一构件4包括带有尖头部分8的组装表面12，尖头部分8沿着正在被讨论的所述表面纵向地延伸。该表面面对第二构件6的相应的组装表面14。该组装表面12包括形成第一构件4的侧支承表面的内缘10。所述内缘因此用作用于相对于第二构件定位第一构件的装置。第一构件4被借助于超声焊接工艺在尖头部分8的高度位置处组装至第二构件6。 
超声焊接对于本领域技术人员来说本身是一种公知的组装技术，适合于例如塑料等热硬化材料。该方法易于应用于具有低熔点(<200°)的有机聚合物。高频振动被通过称为超声焊极(sonotrode)或焊接头的振动工具的方式供给至两个部分。焊接由于在两个部件的界面处所产生的热量而有效的进行。 
图1的右半边显示出类似于第一种壳体配置的第二壳体配置2’。与第一种配置相同的参考标记被用于相同的构件，但是增加了符号“’”，以便于清楚地区别所述两种配置。因此，应当参考第一种配置的 描述。然而，该第二种配置与第一种配置的不同之处在于，第二构件6’的组装表面14’的内缘10’朝向壳体2’的外部定位。 
在这两种配置中，中心定位边缘10、10’形成了从外面可见的边缘，危害了壳体的外观和光学性能。从外面可见的边缘由虚线箭头示出。 
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的是提供减轻现有技术中的至少一个缺点的方案。更加具体地，本实用新型的目的是提供具有供给更好的性能的更简单的构造的光学壳体。 
本实用新型的提供了一种照明和/或信号装置的光学壳体，包括塑料材料的第一和第二构件，每个构件包括组装表面，所述组装表面适合于彼此组装，所述第一构件包括从其组装表面突出的至少一个部分，所述部分适合于被超声焊接至第二构件的组装表面，值得注意的是，第二构件的组装表面包括一个或更多的腔体，所述腔体配置成容纳第一构件的突出部分，以便于能够在它们的平均组装平面中将第一和第二构件进行相对的定位。 
第一构件可以是封闭的窗口，其意图允许光穿过，该封闭的窗口尤其是由透明材料制造。 
壳体可以在第一和/或第二构件的高度处是敞开的，尤其是在它们的中心区域的高度处是敞开的。 
根据本实用新型的有利的实施例，第一构件的突出部分与其组装平面是一体的。 
根据本实用新型的有利的实施例，突出部分具有尖头形状的横截面，所述尖头形状被指向远离组装表面的方向。 
根据本实用新型的有利的实施例，第一和第二构件的组装表面没有肩部，使得仅由从第一构件突出的、与第二构件的一个或更多个凹陷的配合的部分提供第一和第二构件在它们的平均组装平面中的相对定位。 
根据本实用新型的有利的实施例，第一构件由透明塑料材料和/或比第二构件的材料更坚硬的材料制造。 
根据本实用新型的有利的实施例，突出部分或至少一个突出部分以及对应的一个或更多个凹陷在各自的组装表面的至少一个部分上纵向地延伸。 
根据本实用新型的有利的实施例，第一和第二构件的组装表面在壳体的周边的至少一部分上延伸。 
根据本实用新型的有利的实施例，第一和第二构件处在组装好的状态。注意到，借助于超声焊接的固定通过观察以这种方式组装的构件，尤其是通过观察截面，是可见的。超声焊接不仅能够通过用于形成能量载体的突出部分的存在来辨识，而且还能够通过没有在焊缝的高度位置处引入额外的材料来辨识。 
根据本实用新型的有利的实施例，第一构件的突出部分在对应的一个或更多个腔体里面进入到第二构件的内部。 
根据本实用新型的有利的实施例，被第二构件推送回来的材料碎片容纳在一个或更多个腔体中。所述材料碎片通过焊接操作而形成。 
本实用新型还提供了一种照明和/或信号装置，包括适合于使得由光源发射的光线从其中穿过的光学壳体，其特点在于，所述壳体是根据本实用新型所述的壳体。 
根据本实用新型的有利的实施例，照明和/或信号装置是用于机动车辆的照明和/或信号装置。 
本实用新型的特征是有利的，这在于他们使得能够非常简单地制造光学壳体。该壳体的优点尤其在于其具有更简单的形状且具有更少的从外面可见的边缘。另外，由焊接操作造成的任何碎片被捕获在一个或更多个腔体和与所述一个或更多个腔体配合的突出部分之间。 
附图说明
本实用新型的其他特征和优点将在描述和附图的帮助下被更好地理解，在附图中： 
图1是两种现有技术的壳体配置的截面视图； 
图2是根据本实用新型的第一实施例的壳体的截面视图； 
图3是在焊接操作之前图2的壳体的组装区域的截面细节视图； 
图4对应于在焊接操作之后的图3的图示； 
图5是根据本实用新型的第二实施例的壳体的组装区域的截面视图； 
图6是根据本实用新型的第三实施例的壳体的组装区域的截面视图； 
图7是根据本实用新型的第四实施例的壳体的组装区域的截面视图； 
图8是根据本实用新型的第五实施例的壳体的截面视图； 
具体实施方式
图1对应于现有技术且已经被描述。 
图2是依据本实用新型的第一实施例的壳体的截面视图。壳体102主要包括第一构件104和第二构件106。第一构件104包括将要被组装至第二构件106的对应的组装表面114的组装表面112。第一构件104的组装表面112包括突出的尖头部分108。第一和第二构件的各自的组装表面112和114主要沿着壳体的周边纵向地延伸。突出的部分在第一构件104的组装表面112的纵向方向上延伸。第二构件106的组装表面114包括腔体118，所述腔体118配置成容纳第一构件104的突出部分。该腔体118因此基本上平行于突出部分108延伸，以便于允许突出部分108位于腔体118中。 
在图2的图示中引人注意的是，两个构件104和106并未被组装而仅被定位。组装表面112和114都没有包括意图用于将两个构件在平均组装平面中进行的相对定位的肩部。该平均组装平面是在第一和第二构件的各自的组装表面之间穿过并越过这些表面的较大部分的平面。如果组装表面不是平面，那么平均组装平面大体平行于所述组装表面，位于所述表面在垂直于所述平面的方向上的最外面部分之间。形成在第二构件的组装表面114中的纵向腔体118除了通过超声焊接进行组装之外还提供了定位的功能。 
两个构件104和106实际上将借助于超声焊接进行组装。超声焊接对于本领域技术人员来说本身是公知的组装技术，适合于诸如塑料等热 固性材料。超声由被称为超声波的机械振动构成，这是因为它们处在比人耳的听力所及的频率更高的频率(高于16kHz)。这些振动是通过生成器产生的压力波，该生成器将处于该频率的交流电发送至由压电陶瓷构成的转换器(或变送器)，其将它转变成机械振动。在超声中，电压被发送至陶瓷且陶瓷根据电压的极性“伸长”或“缩短”。一旦已经产生了振动，那么其被放大且传送至通过超声焊极焊接的部分。 
第一构件上的突出部分108构成了能量载体(vector)。在焊接操作期间，第一构件经受由耦接至构件的上部的电磁变送器或转换器产生的超声，该超声之后通过所述构件传送至突出部分108。在与腔体118接触时，突出部分108之后通过摩擦和焦耳效应局部地产生热量。该温度的局部增大最初能够使腔体118的材料软化和局部熔化，随后是突出部分软化和局部熔化。然而，该局部熔化使得能够焊接所述两个构件。所述两个构件104和106因此优选地由塑料材料制造。第一构件或至少其突出部分优选地由比腔体的材料更坚硬和/或具有更高的熔点的材料制造。这样的配置使得能量载体能够在超声焊接期间更好地保持其形状。第一构件可以由例如丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)制造，而第二构件可以由聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)或聚碳酸酯(PC)制造。 
注意到，图2的图示是截面视图，显示出仅在该截面平面中的组装表面。该突出部分不一定在壳体的整个周边上连续地延伸。第一构件的组装表面可以另外以多个突出部分为特征，一些突出部分可以基本上是尖端，而其他的突出部分在所述表面的部分上纵向地延伸。组装表面的一些部分还可以没有突出部分。刚刚关于突出部分的说明也适用于对应的腔体。 
图3和4显示出了在超声焊接操作之前和之后的突出部分和对应的腔体之间的配合细节。图3显示在焊接操作之前的情形。可见，突出部分108具有三角形截面。同样，腔体118也具有三角形截面，其的孔径角大于突出部分108的孔径角。腔体118的尖端与组装表面112相对，容纳在腔体118的底部中。在超声焊接操作期间，对形成所述尖端和腔体的材料的加热，结合彼此压靠第一和第二构件的力，在尖端的高度位置处产生了焊缝，且朝向腔体的顶部推送材料。两个构件之间的焊接区 域由剖面线区域120概略地示出。在截面线区域122的高度位置处，被向上推送的材料可以在尖端108的任一侧上看到。所述材料的被向上推送的部分构成了碎片，因为它们不对两个构件之间的机械连接做出贡献且在理论上能够从正在被讨论的构件上拆卸下。它们是采用诸如突出部分108等能量载体的超声焊接过程所固有的。具有如图3和4所详细显示的对应腔体的配置使得能够捕获碎片122，由此防止他们被拆卸下且在壳体的内部结束。 
图5-7显示了突出部分和/或对应的腔体的形状变形。这些构成了本实用新型的第二、第三和第四实施例。与在图2-4中所显示的本实用新型的第一实施例相同的参考标记被用于相同的构件，但是其数字被分别增大100、200、300，以便于清楚地区别他们。在图5中可见，腔体218的横截面可以是圆形形状，例如是圆弧形状，更具体地是半圆形形状。在图6中可见，突出部分308的截面可以是直角三角形，而不是等腰三角形。腔体318还可以具有任何三角形的截面，即不是等腰三角形也不是直角三角形。在图7中可见，腔体418可以具有平坦底部的横截面，且不再有楔形形状或圆形形状。 
图8是根据本实用新型的第五实施例的壳体的正视图。壳体502具有大体矩形轮廓，第一构件504仅形成可见的壳体的盖子。可见，突出部分508容纳在对应的腔体518中。在该实施例中，仅设置了形成尖端的突出部分，从而保证了在角落的水平位置处和在两个更长的侧边的中间处构成壳体的两个构件之间的固定。该实施例显示出不需要提供一个或更多的突出部分，其沿着壳体的周边或周长延伸，尖端连接同样能够保证满意的定位和固定。 

Claims (14)

1.一种照明和/或信号装置的光学壳体，包括： 
塑料材料的第一和第二构件，每个构件包括组装表面，所述表面适合于彼此组装； 
第一构件包括从其组装表面突出的至少一个部分，所述部分适合于被超声焊接至第二构件的组装表面； 
其特征在于， 
第二构件的组装表面包括一个或更多的腔体，所述腔体配置成容纳第一构件的突出部分，以便于能够在它们的平均组装平面中将第一和第二构件进行相对的定位。 
2.根据权利要求1所述的光学壳体，其特征在于， 
第一构件的突出部分与其组装表面是一体的。 
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的光学壳体，其特征在于， 
突出部分具有尖头形的横截面，所述尖头形指向从组装表面远离的方向。 
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的光学壳体，其特征在于， 
第一和第二构件的组装表面没有肩部，使得仅由与第二构件的腔体配合的、第一构件的突出部分保证第一和第二构件在它们的平均组装平面中的相对定位。 
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的光学壳体，其特征在于， 
第一构件由透明塑料材料制造。 
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的光学壳体，其特征在于， 
第一构件由比第二构件的材料更坚硬的材料制造。 
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的光学壳体，其特征在于， 
该突出部分或突出部分中的至少一个和对应的一个或更多个腔体沿着各自的组装表面的至少一部分纵向地延伸。 
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的光学壳体，其特征在于， 
第一和第二构件的组装表面在所述壳体的周边的至少一部分上延伸。 
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的光学壳体，其特征在于， 
第一和第二构件处于借助于超声焊接组装的状态中。 
10.根据权利要求9所述的光学壳体，其特征在于， 
第一构件的突出部分在对应的一个或更多个腔体的里面进入到第二构件的内部。 
11.根据权利要求9所述的光学壳体，其中，第二构件的被向上推送的材料碎片容纳在腔体中。 
12.根据权利要求10所述的光学壳体，其中，第二构件的被向上推送的材料碎片容纳在腔体中。 
13.一种照明和/或信号装置，包括适合于使由光源发射的光线从其中穿过的光学壳体，其特征在于，所述壳体为根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的光学壳体。 
14.根据权利要求13所述的照明和/或信号装置，其特征在于，所述照明和/或信号装置是用于机动车辆的照明和/或信号装置。 
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE202015102436U1 (de) * 2015-05-12 2016-08-15 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Ultraschall-verschweisstes Gehäuse für LED-Module
CN108527876A (zh) * 2017-03-03 2018-09-14 黑拉有限责任两合公司 用于将功能层设置在塑料构件上的方法和由它们组成的复合物
CN108527876B (zh) * 2017-03-03 2021-09-07 黑拉有限责任两合公司 用于将功能层设置在塑料构件上的方法和由它们组成的复合物
CN107246565A (zh) * 2017-08-04 2017-10-13 中节能晶和照明有限公司 一种便于维护的led路灯模组
CN110091511A (zh) * 2019-06-11 2019-08-06 福建富兰光学有限公司 一种聚碳酸酯光学保护罩及其超声波焊接方法
CN110091511B (zh) * 2019-06-11 2024-06-11 福建富兰光学股份有限公司 一种聚碳酸酯光学保护罩及其超声波焊接方法

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DE202013007706U1 (de) 2013-12-03
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BR202013022289U2 (pt) 2014-11-04
FR2994907A1 (fr) 2014-03-07

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