CN203292697U - 使用镀覆材料的异材接头 - Google Patents

使用镀覆材料的异材接头 Download PDF

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CN203292697U
CN203292697U CN2013202294903U CN201320229490U CN203292697U CN 203292697 U CN203292697 U CN 203292697U CN 2013202294903 U CN2013202294903 U CN 2013202294903U CN 201320229490 U CN201320229490 U CN 201320229490U CN 203292697 U CN203292697 U CN 203292697U
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joint
different material
titanium
aluminium
flange part
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大塚诚彦
佐藤大吾
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Asahi Kasei Corp
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Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp
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Priority to CN2013202294903U priority Critical patent/CN203292697U/zh
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Priority to JP2015514819A priority patent/JP6346888B2/ja
Priority to CN201480003821.9A priority patent/CN104994986A/zh
Priority to KR1020157016946A priority patent/KR20150088309A/ko
Priority to KR1020177031492A priority patent/KR20170124630A/ko
Priority to US14/651,377 priority patent/US20150314390A1/en
Priority to EP14792185.2A priority patent/EP2992992B8/en
Priority to PCT/JP2014/061410 priority patent/WO2014178315A1/ja
Priority to JP2016076201A priority patent/JP6449192B2/ja
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/06—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy
    • B23K20/08—Explosive welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/06—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy
    • B23K20/08—Explosive welding
    • B23K20/085—Explosive welding for tubes, e.g. plugging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/16—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts, e.g. material for absorbing or producing gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
    • B23K20/2275—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer the other layer being aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K31/12—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to investigating the properties, e.g. the weldability, of materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
    • B23K35/0233—Sheets, foils
    • B23K35/0238—Sheets, foils layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
    • B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/302—Cu as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/32—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/325—Ti as the principal constituent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L13/00—Non-disconnectible pipe-joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints
    • F16L13/007—Non-disconnectible pipe-joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints specially adapted for joining pipes of dissimilar materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B23K2103/20—Ferrous alloys and aluminium or alloys thereof

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Non-Disconnectible Joints And Screw-Threaded Joints (AREA)
  • Flanged Joints, Insulating Joints, And Other Joints (AREA)

Abstract

一种使用镀覆材料的异材接头，在从铝、铝类合金、钛、钛类合金中选取的金属材料与不锈钢之间，插入由至少一层构成的中间件，该中间件的总板厚是4～20mm。采用本实用新型，能耐于在接头内流动的流体的温度和压力，且在该接头材料装配时容易进行操作。

Description

使用镀覆材料的异材接头
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种不同种金属多层接合而成的接头件，即一种使用不同种金属的镀覆材料而成的接头，尤其涉及一种将不同种金属相对的金属容器和配管之间予以接合的异材接头。
背景技术
近年来，在LNG液化装置和空气分离装置等的、使用环境为低温且要求耐腐蚀性的工厂设备、船舶等中，除了大多使用铝合金制的容器和配管外，还根据真空、常压、加压等使用环境、制冷装置和热交换器等的装置种类而使用各种种类的金属，随此，容器和配管的材料也根据目的和用途而分开使用。另一方面，由于通常的配管大多是不锈钢制，因此，需要将不同种金属的配管和容器予以接合，作为接合方法，如有利用法兰的机械式紧固和利用焊接的接合。
但是，被报道有如下方面等问题：在对不同种金属的容器和配管进行接合时，因各种使用环境和材料所固有的热膨胀率等不相同而使气密性变差，配管中流动的流体产生泄漏。另外，在是法兰紧固的情况下，设备装配时需要使用大量的螺栓，需要许多时间，除此之外，对于螺栓紧固等的定期保养也需要时间。另一方面，在通过焊接进行接合的情况下，由于材料的组合而存在难以焊接的材料，除了要求选定正确的材料外，由于焊接方法的不同会将接合界面部过度加热，一旦有程度的差别，则接合界面部会连续生成脆的金属间化合物。
参考文献
专利文献1：日本专利特许第3323311号，爆炸压接镀覆件及其制法；
专利文献2：日本专利特许第3245477号，厚板镀覆件；
专利文献3：日本专利特许第3431358号，接头。
实用新型内容
鉴于此，本实用新型提供一种异材接头，其作为不同种金属的接头件，是一种接合强度高的多层构造的镀覆件，通过称为爆炸压接法的方法进行接合，该方法利用炸药的爆炸能量使不同种的金属板接合，另外，通过在该接头件上设置凸缘部，从而耐于在接头内流动的流体的温度和压力，且在该接头件装配时容易进行操作。
用于解决课题的手段
能实现上述目的的本实用新型，是一种异材接头，将不锈钢设为第一构件，在该第一构件与从铝、铝类合金、钛和钛类合金中选取的金属材料的第二构件之间具有至少一层的中间件，该中间件的总板厚是4～20mm。
中间件，从铝、钛、镍、银或银合金等中选取一种或多种，它们与从不锈钢、铝、铝类合金、钛、钛类合金中选取的金属材料接合性好。
异材接头最好具有以第一构件、第二构件为始点且壁厚比配管外径厚的凸缘部。该凸缘部的始点具有圆弧半径为1mm以上的圆角部，从而在由于接头内流动的流体而附加有温度和压力的情况下，不会产生应力集中，整体处于可进一步减轻应力的趋势。
另外，该异材接头的整个长度除以该凸缘部的长度后的值最好是1.5以上。为使该不同接头的整个长度除以该凸缘部的长度后的值为1.5以上，对该凸缘部以外进行切削加工，不同种金属的接合部近旁能够更耐于温度和压力的负荷，并成为可获得接头整体的轻量化、减轻装置整体的负荷且作业性好的构造。
在该异材接头的不同种金属间的接合面具有波状界面，相比于呈直线状状态的接合界面而增加了接合面积，故接合强度变大。另一方面，当波状界面的波长和波高变大时，接合界面容易生成金属间化合物，故有接合界面变硬变脆之虞。因此，该异材接头的不同种金属间的波状的接合界面的波长和波高最好分别是2mm以下，更好的是波长、波高都是1mm以下。
实用新型的效果
以上说明的本实用新型，是一种用不同种金属构成的异材接头，将不锈钢作为第一构件，在该第一构件与从铝、铝类合金、钛、钛类合金中选取的金属材料的第二构件之间具有至少一层的中间件。通过设置中间件，可提高接合性，另外，通过设有以第一构件和第二构件为始点的凸缘部，而能保持作为异材接头的性能并还能实现轻量化和作业性的提高，另外，通过将凸缘部的始点做成圆角形状，能避免凸缘部始点的应力集中。此外，在不同种金属间的接合界面具有波状界面，通过控制该波状界面的波长、波高，能同时获得较高的接合强度和较高的耐密封性。
附图说明
图1是表示本实用新型的异材接头的剖视图。
符号说明
1……第一构件
2……第二构件
3……第三构件(中间件)
4……圆角部
5……凸缘部
具体实施方式
下面，根据说明书附图来说明实施本实用新型用的较佳方式。
如图1所示，本实用新型的异材接头，将不锈钢作为第一构件1，在该第一构件1与从铝、铝类合金、钛、钛类合金中选取的金属材料的第二构件2之间具有至少一层的中间件3，该中间件3的总板厚是4～20mm。
中间件3，从铝、钛、镍、银或银合金等中选取一种或多种，它们与从不锈钢、铝、铝类合金、钛、钛类合金中选取的金属材料的接合性好。
异材接头最好具有以第一构件1、第二构件2为始点且壁厚比配管的外径厚的凸缘部5。该凸缘部5的始点最好具有圆弧半径为1mm以上的圆角部4。
另外，该异材接头的整个长度除以该凸缘部5的长度后的值最好是1.5以上。
最好在该异材接头的不同种金属间的接合面具有波状界面。另外，该异材接头的不同种金属间的波状接合界面的波长和波高最好分别是2mm以下。
[实施例1]
制作五层镀覆件，其第一构件使用铝合金(JIS A5052P-O、板厚为40mm)，中间件包括工业用纯铝(JIS A1100P-H112、板厚为12mm)、工业用纯钛(JIS TP270C、板厚为2mm)以及工业用纯镍(JIS NW2200、板厚为1.6mm)，第二构件为不锈钢(JISSUS304L、板厚为30mm)。异材接头的整个长度除以凸缘部的长度后的值是1.9，接合界面的波长和波高，在铝合金和纯铝的接合界面分别是549、221μm，在纯铝和钛的接合界面分别是839、125μm，在钛和镍的接合界面分别是451、144μm，在镍和不锈钢的接合界面分别是717、173μm。对于所获得的接头，根据JIS Z2331的“氦泄漏试验方法”进行了氦泄漏试验后，是3.2×10-11Pa·m3/sec(常温)，判断为具有优异的耐泄漏性能。另外，根据JIS2242，制成夏氏冲击试验片并对在-196°C(液氮)下冷却后的夏氏冲击试验片进行了冲击试验，获得了在铝合金和纯铝的接合界面为52J、纯铝和钛的接合界面为62J、钛和镍的接合界面为104J、镍和不锈钢的接合界面为90J的吸收能量值。
[实施例2]
制作四层镀覆件，其第一构件使用铝合金(JIS A5052P-O、板厚为50mm)，中间件包括工业用纯铝(JIS A1100P-H112、板厚为12mm)、以及银板(JIS H2141Grade1、板厚为1mm)，第二构件为不锈钢(JIS SUS304L、板厚为50mm)。异材接头的整个长度除以凸缘部的长度后的值是1.9，接合界面的波长和波高，在铝合金和纯铝的接合界面分别是858、322μm，在纯铝和银的接合界面分别是500、79μm，在银和不锈钢的接合界面分别是250、50μm。对于所获得的接头，根据JIS Z2331的“氦泄漏试验方法”进行了氦泄漏试验后，是1.3×10-11Pa·m3/sec(常温)，判断为具有优异的耐泄漏性能。另外，根据JIS2242，制成夏氏冲击试验片并对在-196°C(液氮)下冷却后的夏氏冲击试验片进行了冲击试验后，获得了在铝合金和纯铝的接合界面为39J、纯铝和银的接合界面为61J、银和不锈钢的接合界面为65J的吸收能量值。

Claims (3)

1.一种使用镀覆材料的异材接头，其特征在于，在从铝、铝类合金、钛、钛类合金中选取的金属材料与不锈钢之间，插入由至少一层构成的中间件，该中间件的总板厚是4～20mm。
2.如权利要求1所述的使用镀覆材料的异材接头，其特征在于，异材接头具有凸缘部，该凸缘部的始点是圆弧半径为1mm以上的圆角部，且该异材接头的整个长度除以该凸缘部的长度后的值是1.5以上。
3.如权利要求1所述的使用镀覆材料的异材接头，其特征在于，由多层构成的该异材接头在各接合界面具有波状的界面，该波状界面的波长和波高分别是2mm以下。
CN2013202294903U 2013-04-28 2013-04-28 使用镀覆材料的异材接头 Expired - Lifetime CN203292697U (zh)

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CN201480003821.9A CN104994986A (zh) 2013-04-28 2014-04-23 异质材料接头
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US14/651,377 US20150314390A1 (en) 2013-04-28 2014-04-23 Different-material joint
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