CN202232104U - potato planter - Google Patents
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- CN202232104U CN202232104U CN 201120191002 CN201120191002U CN202232104U CN 202232104 U CN202232104 U CN 202232104U CN 201120191002 CN201120191002 CN 201120191002 CN 201120191002 U CN201120191002 U CN 201120191002U CN 202232104 U CN202232104 U CN 202232104U
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- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000721671 Ludwigia Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 abstract description 36
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及农业播种设备，尤其涉及一种适合南方冬种的马铃薯播种机。 The utility model relates to agricultural seeding equipment, in particular to a potato planter suitable for winter planting in the south. the
背景技术 Background technique
当前，马铃薯种植通常采用勺式排种的马铃薯播种机。如中国实用新型专利ZL201020121410.9(公告号：CN201639966U)公开了一种马铃薯播种机，主要包括带有动力装置及动力输出轴的手扶拖拉机机头、连接于手扶拖拉机机头的机架及安装于机架上的播种箱，在所述播种箱的上方通过主动轴承座安装有播种主动轴，所述播种主动轴通过输送机构和双排过渡链轮链条传动机构与传动轴连接，所述传动轴与齿轮机构连接，所述齿轮机构与手扶拖拉机机头的动力输出轴连接；而所述播种主动轴安装有播种链轮，所述播种链轮在手扶拖拉机机头的动力输出轴输出动力和播种主动轴的传动作用下，通过输送链条带动播种从动轴旋转，由此带动输送链条输送种子。虽然该马铃薯播种机能连续播种，但由于种薯块的大小、形状不一，增加了马铃薯播种机的机械化种植难度，充种率低、补种难和漏播等问题一直是马铃薯机械化种植的难题。 Currently, potato planting generally adopts a potato planter for seeding with spoons. Disclosed a kind of potato planter as Chinese utility model patent ZL201020121410.9 (notification number: CN201639966U), mainly comprises the walking tractor head that has power unit and power take-off shaft, is connected in the frame of walking tractor head and The seeding box installed on the frame, the sowing drive shaft is installed above the seeding box through the active bearing seat, and the sowing drive shaft is connected with the transmission shaft through the transmission mechanism and the double-row transition sprocket chain transmission mechanism. Transmission shaft is connected with gear mechanism, and described gear mechanism is connected with the power take-off shaft of walking tractor head; Under the action of the output power and the transmission of the sowing drive shaft, the sowing driven shaft is driven to rotate through the conveying chain, thereby driving the conveying chain to convey seeds. Although the potato planter can sow continuously, due to the different sizes and shapes of the seed potato pieces, the difficulty of mechanized planting of the potato planter is increased. The problems of low seed filling rate, difficulty of reseeding and missed sowing have always been difficult problems for mechanized potato planting. . the
另外，马铃薯播种一般采用种子和种肥混施，我国有十亿亩耕地缺磷，普遍需要施用种肥，一般用种子肥料的机器是将化肥与种子排入同一输种管中，施于同一开沟器所开的沟底。种、肥混施容易使化肥“烧伤”种子。 In addition, seeds and seed fertilizers are generally used for potato sowing. There are one billion mu of cultivated land in my country that lacks phosphorus, and seed fertilizers are generally required. Generally, the machine for using seed fertilizers discharges chemical fertilizers and seeds into the same seed delivery tube and applies them to the same plant. The bottom of a ditch opened by a opener. The mixed application of seeds and fertilizers can easily cause chemical fertilizers to "burn" the seeds. the
再者，南方农村因气候温暖、多雨，土壤粘湿滞重而要求设备能够起高垄高墒的农艺特性，同时针对南方农村的多山和丘陵地带，要求把现有的机器进行小型化改造。 Furthermore, due to the warm climate, rainy weather, and heavy soil stickiness and stagnation in the rural areas of the south, the equipment is required to be able to produce high ridges and high moisture agronomic characteristics. At the same time, for the mountainous and hilly areas in the rural areas of the south, it is required to miniaturize the existing machines. . the
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的缺点，本实用新型的目的是提供一种马铃薯播种机，能够解决南方马铃薯播种时充种率低、补种难和漏播的问题。 Aiming at the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a potato planter, which can solve the problems of low seed filling rate, difficulty in reseeding and missed sowing when sowing southern potatoes. the
为了实现上述目的，本实用新型的技术方案为：一种马铃薯播种机，包括拖拉机以及播种装置，所述播种装置包括机架，在机架上设置链勺式取种机构、肥箱、排种星轮主动驱动杆、排肥轴、开沟器、排种管、排种星轮、排种滑道、地轮、种箱、起垄覆土器以及镇压轮，链勺式取种机构和种箱安装在机架上方并连接相通，链勺式取种机构通过排种星轮主动驱动杆和拖拉机相连接，排种管通过排种星轮、排种滑道与链勺式取种机构连接相通，排种星轮通过排肥轴与地轮相连接，开沟器安装在机架的前部下方与排种管连接相通，起垄覆土器和镇压轮安装在机架的后部，所述机架的前部通过上、下悬挂与拖拉机连接。 In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is: a potato planter, including a tractor and a sowing device, the sowing device includes a frame, and a chain spoon type seed picking mechanism, a fertilizer box, and a seeding device are arranged on the frame. Star wheel active driving rod, fertilizer discharge shaft, ditch opener, seed pipe, seed discharge star wheel, seed discharge slide, ground wheel, seed box, ridge cover device and suppression wheel, chain spoon type seed picking mechanism and seed The box is installed on the top of the frame and connected to each other. The chain scoop type seed picking mechanism is connected to the tractor through the active drive rod of the seed row star wheel, and the seed tube is connected to the chain scoop type seed picking mechanism through the seed row star wheel and the seed row slideway. In the same way, the seeding star wheel is connected with the ground wheel through the fertilizer discharge shaft, the opener is installed under the front of the frame and connected with the seeding pipe, and the ridging and covering device and the suppression wheel are installed at the rear of the frame. The front part of the frame is connected with the tractor through the upper and lower suspensions. the
进一步地，在排种滑道与种箱之间设置多余种子滑回通道。 Further, a passage for sliding back excess seeds is set between the seed chute and the seed box. the
进一步地，在开沟器内由前向后分别布置长度不同的导肥板和导种板，同时再将开沟器两侧壁下方加工成台阶状，导肥板的末端紧跟开沟器的铲尖。 Further, fertilizer guide plates and seed guide plates with different lengths are respectively arranged in the opener from front to back, and at the same time, the bottom of the two side walls of the opener is processed into a step shape, and the end of the fertilizer guide plate closely follows the opener. the tip of the shovel. the
进一步地，在地轮上焊接多个抓地板。 Further, a plurality of gripping floors are welded on the ground wheel. the
进一步地，两个地轮连接在同一驱动轴上。 Further, the two ground wheels are connected to the same drive shaft. the
与现有技术相比，本实用新型采用链勺式取种机构进行取种，把取出的马铃薯放入排种管内排成一排，然后通过排种星轮的转动进行排种。链勺式取种机构通过拖拉机主动配给动力，让取种勺不断的取种以保证排种滑道内有足够的种块，当排种管内有多余种块的时候，就会自动掉入种箱。排种星轮通过链条和地轮相连接，通过地轮的转动来进行排种。通过这种排种方式，可以利用链勺的主动排种保证排种管内有足够的种子以供星轮进行排种，从而降低漏播率；而种子在重力作用下，可以不断的掉入星轮内，用星轮进行排种，可以控制重播率。 Compared with the prior art, the utility model adopts the chain scoop type seed picking mechanism to take the seeds, puts the taken out potatoes into the seed discharge pipe and arranges them in a row, and then performs the seed discharge by the rotation of the seed discharge star wheel. The chain spoon type seed picking mechanism actively distributes power through the tractor, so that the seed picking spoon can continuously pick up seeds to ensure that there are enough seed blocks in the seeding slideway. When there are excess seed blocks in the seeding pipe, they will automatically fall into the seed box . The seeding star wheel is connected with the ground wheel through a chain, and the seeds are sorted by the rotation of the ground wheel. Through this kind of seeding method, the active seeding of the chain spoon can be used to ensure that there are enough seeds in the seeding pipe for the star wheel to perform seeding, thereby reducing the rate of missed seeding; and the seeds can continuously fall into the star under the action of gravity. In the wheel, the star wheel is used for seeding, and the replay rate can be controlled. the
附图说明 Description of drawings
下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步的详细说明。 Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail. the
图1是本实用新型的结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the utility model. the
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
请参阅图1，本实施例的马铃薯播种机包括拖拉机(图中未示出)以及播种装置，播种装置包括机架13，在机架13上设置链勺式取种机构16、肥箱3、排种星轮主动驱动杆4、排肥轴5、开沟器6、排种管7、排种星轮8、排种滑道9、地轮11、种箱12、起垄覆土器14以及镇压轮15，链勺式取种机构和种箱安装在机架上方并连接相通，链勺式取种机构通过排种星轮主动驱动杆和拖拉机相连接，排种管通过排种星轮、排种滑道与链勺式取种机构连接相通，排种星轮通过排肥轴与地轮相连接，开沟器安装在机架的前部下方与排种管连接相通，起垄覆土器和镇压轮安装在机架的后部，机架的前部通过上悬挂1、下悬挂2与拖拉机连接。在排种滑道与种箱之间设置多余种子滑回通道10；在开沟器内由前向后分别布置长度不同的导肥板和导种板，同时再将开沟器两侧壁下方加工成台阶状，导肥板的末端紧跟开沟器的铲尖；在地轮上焊接多个抓地板；两个地轮连接在同一驱动轴上。
Please refer to Fig. 1, the potato planter of present embodiment comprises tractor (not shown in the figure) and sowing device, and sowing device comprises
通过排种星轮主动驱动杆与排种星轮连接，使排种星轮转动，从种箱中取出种子，落入排种滑道，使种子排成一排，然后通过排种星轮进行排种，当种子充满排种滑道的时候，多余的种子通过排种滑道掉回种箱。通过这样的取种和排种方式，首先能保证有足够的种子在排种滑道(通过主动驱动轮不断地取种)，其次能保证每次都排出一个种子(通过排种星轮进行排种)。排种星轮通过排肥轴与地轮相连接，可以满足一定的株距要求。 The active driving rod of the seeding star wheel is connected with the seeding star wheel, so that the seeding star wheel rotates, the seeds are taken out from the seed box, and fall into the seeding chute, so that the seeds are arranged in a row, and then the seeding star wheel Seeding, when the seeds are full of the seeding chute, the excess seeds fall back to the seed box through the seeding chute. Through this kind of seeding and seeding method, firstly, it can ensure that there are enough seeds in the seeding chute (continuously taking seeds through the active drive wheel), and secondly, it can ensure that one seed is discharged every time (discharging through the seeding star wheel) kind). The star wheel for seeding is connected with the ground wheel through the fertilizer discharge shaft, which can meet certain plant-to-plant distance requirements. the
为了使开沟器能够实现种子和种肥在土壤中的垂直分层排布，只要在铲体内由前向后布置两个个长度不同的导肥板和导种板，同时再将开沟器两侧壁下方加工成台阶状，导肥板的末端紧跟开沟器的铲尖，开沟器在作业中前进时，由于各台阶回土的时间有前后之分，施肥后第一台阶沟壁回落覆土，覆土到第二台 阶处时，种子落到散种板上，经散种板和两侧壁把种子铺撒在种床上，种子落下后土层从下到上按顺序回落覆土，保证播种深度，实现了湿土覆盖种子，有利于作物根系的生长和种子发芽出苗。开沟器通过U型螺栓固定在播种机主梁架上，在播种作业中随播种机前进；由于侧壁各阶台回土时间有前后之分，因而形成种肥垂直分层分布。侧壁II段结合散种板将I段初步形成的种沟沟底刮平，同时还对沟底有轻微的压实，保证播种深度一致性，还能避免种子从土壤间隙中掉陷进正下方肥沟中。通过阶台高度和侧壁长度分别限制覆土厚度和土壤回落时间(保证化肥和种子分别落下以后，土壤再回落)。 In order for the opener to realize the vertical layered arrangement of seeds and seed fertilizers in the soil, it is only necessary to arrange two fertilizer guide plates and seed guide plates with different lengths in the shovel body from front to back, and at the same time put the opener The bottom of the two side walls is processed into a step shape, and the end of the fertilizer guide plate is closely followed by the shovel tip of the opener. When the opener is moving forward during operation, the time for each step to return to the soil is different. After fertilization, the first step ditch The wall falls back and covers the soil, and when the covering soil reaches the second step, the seeds fall on the seed scattering board, and the seeds are spread on the seed bed through the seed scattering board and the two side walls. After the seeds fall, the soil layer falls back and covers the soil in order from bottom to top , to ensure the depth of sowing, to achieve the wet soil covering the seeds, which is conducive to the growth of crop roots and seed germination. The opener is fixed on the main beam frame of the planter through U-shaped bolts, and advances with the planter during the planting operation; since the soil return time of each step on the side wall is divided into front and rear, the vertical layered distribution of seed fertilizer is formed. The second section of the side wall combined with the seed plate scrapes the bottom of the seed ditch initially formed in the first section, and at the same time slightly compacts the bottom of the ditch to ensure the consistency of the sowing depth and prevent the seeds from falling into the positive space from the soil gap. In the fat ditch below. The thickness of the covering soil and the soil fall time are respectively limited by the height of the step and the length of the side wall (to ensure that the soil falls back after the fertilizer and seeds fall respectively). the
为了防止由于在地表不平的情况下，地轮被架空产生滑移，造成不排种、肥的问题，造成空穴率增多的现象。在地轮上焊接上一定数量的抓地板，使地轮对地表不平性有较强的适应性，为了保证排种和排肥的稳定性，两边地轮驱动同一轴。这种同轴固定式设计方案，即两个地轮固定在同一轴上，采用由抓地板、地轮圈及幅板焊接而成的铁轮作为地轮的方案，具有地轮轴固定结构简单；两轮在沟里行走，可以充分利用土地资源而且保证整机的平稳性；只要一个地轮接触地面，就能使排种轴、排肥轴正常工作等优点。针对南方农村因气候温暖、多雨，土壤粘湿滞重而要求设备能够起高垄高墒的农艺特性，采用了起高垄覆土机构和镇压轮机构，从而一次实现施肥、播种、起垄覆土和镇压的目的。 In order to prevent the ground wheels from being raised and slipping due to the uneven ground surface, causing the problem of non-discharging and fertilization, and resulting in an increase in the void rate. A certain number of gripping floors are welded on the ground wheel, so that the ground wheel has strong adaptability to the unevenness of the ground surface. In order to ensure the stability of seed and fertilizer discharge, the ground wheels on both sides drive the same shaft. This coaxial fixed design scheme, that is, the two ground wheels are fixed on the same axis, and the iron wheel welded by the grip plate, the ground wheel ring and the web plate is used as the ground wheel scheme, and the fixed structure of the ground wheel shaft is simple; Walking in the ditch with two wheels can make full use of land resources and ensure the stability of the whole machine; as long as one ground wheel touches the ground, the seed and fertilizer axes can work normally. In view of the agronomic characteristics of the southern rural areas where the equipment is required to be able to raise high ridges and high moisture due to the warm climate, rainy weather, and heavy soil stickiness and stagnation, the high-ridge soil-covering mechanism and the suppression wheel mechanism are adopted to realize fertilization, sowing, ridge-covering and soil-covering at one time. purpose of repression. the
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201120191002 CN202232104U (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2011-06-08 | potato planter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201120191002 CN202232104U (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2011-06-08 | potato planter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN202232104U true CN202232104U (en) | 2012-05-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 201120191002 Expired - Fee Related CN202232104U (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2011-06-08 | potato planter |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103250483A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-08-21 | 宁夏鸿景农机科技有限公司 | Self-propelled potato ridging and fertilizing planting machine |
| CN103392425A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-11-20 | 山东五征集团有限公司 | Quantitative fertilization and transplant machine |
| CN106879287A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-06-23 | 甘肃农业大学 | Integrated potato setter is reseeded in unidirectional clutch type sowing |
| CN109168476A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-11 | 河南农业大学 | A kind of novel garlic seeding and fertilizing all-in-one machine |
| CN110637568A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-03 | 广东中源农业发展有限公司 | Efficient potato planting and harvesting integrated device |
| CN114375662A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-04-22 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Fertilizer injection unit for watermelon planting |
| CN115088428A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2022-09-23 | 精密种植有限责任公司 | Agricultural liquid application system, method and apparatus |
-
2011
- 2011-06-08 CN CN 201120191002 patent/CN202232104U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103250483A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-08-21 | 宁夏鸿景农机科技有限公司 | Self-propelled potato ridging and fertilizing planting machine |
| CN103392425A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-11-20 | 山东五征集团有限公司 | Quantitative fertilization and transplant machine |
| CN103392425B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-09-16 | 山东五征集团有限公司 | Quantitative fertilization transplanter |
| CN115088428A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2022-09-23 | 精密种植有限责任公司 | Agricultural liquid application system, method and apparatus |
| CN106879287A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-06-23 | 甘肃农业大学 | Integrated potato setter is reseeded in unidirectional clutch type sowing |
| CN109168476A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-11 | 河南农业大学 | A kind of novel garlic seeding and fertilizing all-in-one machine |
| CN110637568A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-03 | 广东中源农业发展有限公司 | Efficient potato planting and harvesting integrated device |
| CN110637568B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-11-10 | 广东中源农业发展有限公司 | Efficient potato planting and harvesting integrated device |
| CN114375662A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-04-22 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Fertilizer injection unit for watermelon planting |
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