CN1970733A - Method for culturing aweto in ghost moths breeding land - Google Patents
Method for culturing aweto in ghost moths breeding land Download PDFInfo
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- CN1970733A CN1970733A CN 200610123964 CN200610123964A CN1970733A CN 1970733 A CN1970733 A CN 1970733A CN 200610123964 CN200610123964 CN 200610123964 CN 200610123964 A CN200610123964 A CN 200610123964A CN 1970733 A CN1970733 A CN 1970733A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of Chinese caterpillar fungus, which is characterized by the following: establishing greenhouse booth moth culturing field according to culturing temperature and moisture; reducing the danger of natural enemy of moth to accelerate weak plant root of herb and bush; releasing certain quantity of moth fertilized ovum, larva, pupal or and imagine in the culturing field; elevating moth larva breeding density with 110-3500000 per hectareha; breeding the moth from one year to 6-8 years within 365-425d; forming sac fungus; collecting 530000-1570000 Chinese caterpillar fungus per hectareha.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of cultivating Cordyceps sinensis at hepialus genus captive field.
Background technology
Cordyceps sinensis [Cordyceps sinensis (Berkeley) Saccardo] is that lepidopteran Hepialidae bat belongs to a kind of entomogenous fungi that (Hepialus) larva is formed by the parasitic back of China pilose spore (Hirsutella sinensis X.J.liu et al.), be one of characteristic rare medicinal herbs of China Qinghai-Tibet Platean, be referred to as " Chinese medicine three is big precious " with genseng, pilose antler.
There is full and accurate record Qing Dynasty Wu Yi Lip river to Cordyceps sinensis in " new compilation of materia medica ": " winter, body was lived as old silkworm in soil, and hairiness is active, on the Summer Solstice, then hair was unearthed, connected body and all turned to grass "; Its nature and flavor function is: " sweet, flat ", " protect lung kidney-nourishing, hemostasis and phlegm, labor is coughed ".Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China record, the main effect of Cordyceps sinensis are that " invigorate the lung and the kidney, hemostasis is reduced phlegm.Be used for chronic cough void and breathe heavily, the labor spitting of blood of coughing, impotence and seminal emission, soreness of waist and knee joint ".Modern medicine study finds, Cordyceps sinensis has the tumour of inhibition, anticancer and significantly improve unique effects such as immune function of human body.Cordyceps sinensis had been exported to Japan and West Europe as far back as the Ming Dynasty.Cordyceps sinensis is rare because of it, expensive and special effect has caused lot of domestic and foreign scholar's extensive concern.Along with the raising of standard of living and health perception, Cordyceps sinensis and related products thereof have become and have developed industry rapidly, and its market requirement continues to enlarge, and price constantly rises violently, but stock number atrophy year by year.According to statistics, national annual production once reached more than 100 tons before the 1950's, and be 50～80 tons the beginning of the sixties, only had 5～15 tons to the nineties.Though China classifies Cordyceps sinensis as national second class protection species, various places government also puts into effect to prohibit and digs or limit the policy of digging, coyoting to dig Cordyceps sinensis excessively effectively not contained.
Scientific investigation is found, annual May, Qinghai-Tibet Platean frozen soil melts back Cordyceps sinensis stroma growth and exposes native face, June, the Cordyceps sinensis stroma head was grown hypertrophy rapidly, form ascoma and thecaspore, sophisticated thecaspore ejects from the ascoma open top, and snow-broth after melting with frozen soil and rainwater infiltrate and infect the Hepialus larva that moves in the soil in the soil.
Bat is finished a life cycle need experience ovum, larva, pupa, adult four-stage, every year, April October to next year, the Qinghai Tibet plateau cordyceps suitable habitat almost entered the frozen soil phase, Hepialus larva is in dormant state in soil, the growth and development stage that Hepialus larva need experience for 6～8 length of times approximately just can be pupated, the Hepialus larva growth cycle is different because of kind, very slow, need 996d approximately as the cajaput Hepialus larva, the about 1000d of Hepialus kangdingensis Chu et Wang, Hepialus gonggaensis 875～1040d, and all can in soil, find the difference Hepialus larva in the length of times all the year round.The comprehensive restriction control of breeding multiple ecological factors such as being subjected to ecogeography distribution, food, vegetation, Soil structure, temperature, humidity and natural enemy of Hepialus insect in the physical environment, Hepialus larva is bred the key factor that speed has become the restriction yield of Qinghai Tibet plateau cordyceps very slowly in physical environment.
The formation of Cordyceps sinensis relates to 3 key factors, i.e. the host plant of host's Hepialus larva, Cordyceps fungus China pilose spore and Hepialus larva, and wherein host's Hepialus larva is form Cordyceps sinensis basic.Excessively excavate the Cordyceps sinensis living environment of havoc vegetation and bat in recent years, the food resource of Hepialus larva is reduced, finally cause Hepialus larva quantity significantly to descend even extinction.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of cultivating Cordyceps sinensis at hepialus genus captive field.
The present invention is by setting up warmhouse booth as hepialus genus captive field at Qinghai-Tibet bat suitable habitat, and suit measures to local conditions to adopt the warming measure of heat energy effectively to regulate and control canopy temperature at winter-spring season, for the Hepialus larva of living in the soil is built the good ecotope that grows, Hepialus larva is grown from 1 length of time and is only needed 365～425d to 6～8 length of times, effectively shortens the digenesis cycle of bat growth; Infect the Hepialus larva formation entomogenous fungi that moves in the soil by in the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, spraying Cordyceps fungus, can gather in the crops Cordyceps sinensis, effectively shorten the production cycle of Cordyceps sinensis and increase cordyceps yield in next year.
Method of the present invention is at Qinghai-Tibet Hepialus insect suitable habitat herbaceous plant vegetation region and/or scrub plant vegetation region, to set up the normally used warmhouse booth of modern agriculture as hepialus genus captive field (hereinafter to be referred as the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm); According to the temperature and humidity in the bat insect growth growth needs regulation and control greenhouse Hepialus raising farm; By control with reduce the harm of natural enemy to hepialus larva to bat, and by effective monitoring water, fertile management and plant dense planting, promote herbaceous plant and/or scrub plant in the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm to keep the good state that grows and form abundant flourishing tender system of vegetation, get food with the Hepialus larva that offers battalion's tunnel like troglodytism in soil; Simultaneously by discharging an amount of bat zygote, larva, pupa or/and adult, effectively promote the Hepialus larva quantity of greenhouse Hepialus raising farm stable breeding; When Hepialus larva is grown to 6～8 length of times, collect the Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore and be mixed with the thecaspore diluent or/and Cordyceps mycelium and conidium are mixed with mycelium and conidium diluent, carrying out the artificial spraying then infects, can effectively infect the Hepialus larva that moves in the soil and form entomogenous fungi, and in May next year after Qinghai-Tibet frozen soil melts, the entomogenous fungi Cordyceps sinensis stroma of being cultivated exposes native face with growth; The Cordyceps sinensis of before Cordyceps sinensis stroma head ascoma is not grown hypertrophy yet, in time gathering.
The concrete steps of the inventive method comprise:
1, at Qinghai-Tibet alpine condition Hepialus insect suitable habitat herbaceous plant vegetation region and/or scrub plant vegetation region, set up glasshouse booth that common band can switching activity window and/or dismountable Plastic film greenhouse booth as hepialus genus captive field, the method of modern agriculture warmhouse booth management routinely, soil humidity is 40～96% in the regulation and control booth, and relative air humidity is 58～96%; In summer and autumn, flexible employing cooling measure, as by adopting modern agriculture normally used black sunshade net and the plastics film by ventilation opening and/or glasshouse booth window and/or dismounting Plastic film greenhouse booth, regulating the control canopy temperature is 10 ± 8 ℃; At winter-spring season, suiting measures to local conditions to adopt heat energy effectively to regulate and control the interior temperature of greenhouse Hepialus raising farm is 10 ± 8 ℃; For the Hepialus larva of living in the soil is effectively built the ecotope that good continuous growth is grown at the particularly overcast and rainy atmosphere of weather in severe winter and night; The energy of described heat energy can be one or both in common water power, sun power, geothermal spring, industrial electro and the Industrial Boiler steam.
2, after setting up the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm (setting up usually booth after one month in), by killing entomogenous fungi to spraying mycocide control profit in the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, and the rat hole landfill is stopped up and discharge the raticide trapping kill mouse, dispensing go out ant repellent and deinsectization pathogeny nematode medicine and kill parasitic wasp, tachinid pesticide, control and reduce the harm of the bat that natural enemy to hepialus larva breeds the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm;
3, by adopting the common plant protection management process of modern agriculture effective monitoring water, fertile management and plant dense planting, promote herbaceous plant and/or scrub plant in the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm to keep the good state that grows and form abundant tender system of vegetation, get food with the Hepialus larva that offers battalion's tunnel like troglodytism in soil, and build the good ecotope that the Hepialus larva continuous growth is grown; Adopt the nutrition child care bag of the common crop breeding of modern agriculture to cultivate seedling and cultivating high and cold grassy marshland herbaceous plant and/or the scrub plant plantlet seedling that well developed root system is cultivated in the canopy plantation, transplanting is reseeded to the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm;
4, by in the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, discharging an amount of bat zygote, larva, pupa or/and adult, the Hepialus larva that effectively promotes the stable breeding of greenhouse Hepialus raising farm is bred density; Hepialus larva is grown from 1 length of time and is only needed 365～425d to 6～8 length of times;
5, when Hepialus larva is grown to 6～8 length of times, the thecaspore that the fresh Cordyceps sinensis ascoma that collection is gathered from the Qinghai Tibet plateau cordyceps suitable habitat launches sprays infection to above-mentioned greenhouse Hepialus raising farm after being mixed with the thecaspore diluent; And the fresh Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore that will collect or fresh Cordyceps sinensis further cultivates through industrial microorganism separation and Culture technology usually and is mycelium and conidium, sprays infection after being mixed with mycelium and conidium diluent; Two kinds of methods can be used separately also and can use simultaneously; Can improve infection rate like this, effectively infect Hepialus larva and form entomogenous fungi, thereby improve the output of Cordyceps sinensis; In 20～60d after infected Hepialus larva has formed entomogenous fungi, allow canopy temperature be reduced to, and form the frozen soil ecotope of natural situation gradually near external temperature; In May next year after Qinghai-Tibet frozen soil melts, the entomogenous fungi Cordyceps sinensis stroma of being cultivated exposes native face with growth, the Cordyceps sinensis of in time gathering before Cordyceps sinensis stroma head ascoma is not grown hypertrophy yet.
Method according to the invention described above, usually in per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, drop into 2400～7000 pairs of bat adults through the zygote that post-coitum produced or the larva of its hatching, Hepialus larva is grown from 1 length of time and is only needed 365～425d to 6～8 length of times, the Hepialus larva surviving rate is up to 92～95%, effectively promote the Hepialus larva stable breeding quantity of greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, the healthy bat of per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm stable breeding reaches 110～3,500,000.When Hepialus larva is grown to 6～8 length of times, infect the formation entomogenous fungi through spraying Cordyceps fungus; In 20～60d after infected Hepialus larva has formed entomogenous fungi after testing, can with the glass booth/or dismountable Plastic film greenhouse booth open ventilation opening or take plastics film off, allow canopy temperature be reduced to, and form the frozen soil ecotope of natural situation gradually near external temperature; In May next year after Qinghai-Tibet frozen soil melts, the entomogenous fungi Cordyceps sinensis stroma of being cultivated exposes native face with growth; The Cordyceps sinensis of before Cordyceps sinensis stroma head ascoma is not grown hypertrophy yet, in time gathering.According to statistics, can gather Cordyceps sinensis 53～1,570,000 piece of per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm.
The Hepialus insect suitable habitat that the present invention relates to comprises that height above sea level is from 2900 meters to 5200 meters Qinghai-Tibet high and cold grassy marshland herbaceous plant vegetation region and/or scrub plant district.
Qinghai-Tibet high and cold grassy marshland herbaceous plant and the scrub plant that the present invention relates to comprise the herbaceous plant that throughout the year grows in the alpine condition: glacier knotweed (Polygonvm glaciale), spire serpentgrass (P.tenuifolium), serpentgrass (P.viviparum), circle fringe knotweed (P.macrophyllum), the snow mountain Radix Astragali (Astragalus bolfourianus), the acaulescence Radix Astragali (A.acaulis), the cold ground Radix Astragali (A.frigidus), the light pipe Radix Astragali (A.levitubus), Baima snow mountain Radix Astragali (A.craipianus), the Dajianlu Radix Astragali (A.tatsienens s), the Yunnan long shoot Radix Astragali (A.yunnanensis f.elougatus), root and rhizome of Forrest Rhubarb (Rheum pumilum), billows deep blue ground glossy ganoderma (Arenaria lancangensis), musciform Herba arenariae kansuensis (A.bryophylla), evil mind saxifrage (Saxifraga melanocentra), Herba Saxifragae montanae (S.Montana), Saussurea laniceps (Saussurea laniceps) and sheep lance (Festucaovina); And scrub plant: Qinghai-Tibet ground cushion willow (Salix lmdleyana), spend ground cushion willow (S.faxoniana) late, gold wintersweet (Potentillafruticosa), pale reddish brown little cuckoo (Rhododendron rupicola), intend little scale leaf cuckoo (R.cephaltanhoides), cloud and mist cuckoo (R.chamaethomsonii), short stamen cuckoo (R.microgynum), Yunnan-Tibet cuckoo (R.temenium), short and small cuckoo (R.pumilum) and the cuckoo that crawls (R.erastum); Can be wherein one or more.
The Hepialus insect that the present invention relates to (being called for short bat) comprising: the Chinese caterpillar fungus bat, Hepialus minyuancus (Hepialus minyuancus), the cajaput bat, Hepialus lagii Yan (Hepialus lagii Yan), Hepialus gonggaensis (Hepialus gonggaensis S.Q.Fu ﹠amp; T.F.Fuang), Hepialus guidera Yan (Hepialus guidera Yan), Hepialus oblifurcus Chu et Wang (Hepialus oblifurcus Chu et Wang), Baima bat, the people props up bat (Hepialusrenz hiensis), Deqie bat, the Altay bat, (Hepialuspui Zhang et Gu sp.nov), can be wherein one or more such as bat (Hepialus bi ruensis Hepial Fu a Huang) and Pu Shi bat.
Control that the present invention relates to and the medicine (or its trade name) that reduces natural enemy to hepialus larva harm comprising: derosal, thiophanate, give birth to mycocides such as 45 greatly; Raticides such as zinc phosphide, Gophacide, bromo mouse-killing phosphorus, big grand, sodium diphacinone, volt kill mouse, warfarin, bromadiolone; Mirexs etc. are killed ant repellent; Gram line spirit, inferior dimension rhzomorph, Mirle-a health drink, the last ten thousand, nematode are clear, insect pathogeny nematode medicine extremely such as cartap; Avrmectins etc. kill parasitic wasp, tachinid pesticide.The dispensing of mycocide, raticide, the ant repellent that goes out or spray the time and number of times is decided on insect killing effect; The working concentration of mycocide is: water and mycocide part by weight 1000: 2～5 in the soup, every 10M
2The area amount of spraying is 10～100g soup; The working concentration of raticide is: bait and raticide part by weight 100: 0.01～0.2 in the deratization poison bait, every 10M
2Area is placed deratization poison bait 1～10 heap, and every heap poison bait weight is 2～20g; The working concentration of mirex is: bait and mirex part by weight 100: 0.01～0.2 in the ant poison bait that goes out, every 10M
2Area is put ant poison bait 2～10 heaps that go out, and every heap weight is 2～15g; The working concentration that kills insect pathogeny nematode medicine is: water and drug weight ratio 1000: 2～5 in the soup, can adopt pouring or spray every 10M
2The area usage quantity is 2～100g soup; The working concentration that kills parasitic wasp, tachinid pesticide is: water and pesticide part by weight 1000: 2～5 in the soup, every 10M
2The area amount of spraying is 5～100g soup.When said medicine is used, can be one or more.
The thecasporous method that the fresh Cordyceps sinensis ascoma that the collection that the present invention relates to is gathered from the Qinghai-Tibet Platean launches is normally: the fresh Cordyceps sinensis that the ascoma thecaspore of gathering is launched not yet inserts in the glassware that fills sterilized water, make Cordyceps sinensis stroma ascoma exceed the water surface (add usually in the glassware amount of sterilized water be about be dipped to the Cordyceps sinensis length about 1/2nd that inserts) up, and place glassware under the sunlight or 30～60W UV-lamp under the irradiation of 40～70cm spacing place; Behind 8～24h, the Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore almost all launches in sterilized water, collects the sophisticated Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore that launches in sterilized water through separating (can adopt the isolating method of common whizzer); Thecaspore can be placed 4 ℃ of refrigerators to preserve standby (preservation period is 20d); The Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore diluent concentration of preparation is: water and thecaspore part by weight 1000000: 0.3～1.Can adopt spraying method during use, every 10M
2The area usage quantity is 10～100g thecaspore diluent.
The compound method of Cordyceps mycelium that the present invention relates to and conidium diluent is normally: fresh Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore or the fresh winter worm summer herb thallus that will gather from the Qinghai-Tibet Platean, according to common industrial microorganism method separate, purifying, inoculation and common industrial microorganism fungi culture medium cultivate under 6～20 ℃ of conditions and be mycelium and conidium; The mycelium and the conidium diluent concentration of preparation are: water and mycelium and conidium part by weight are 1000000: 2～4.Can adopt spraying method during use, every 10M
2The area usage quantity is 10～100g mycelium and conidium diluent.
The body embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one:
1, selects to set up Plastic film greenhouse greenhouse Hepialus raising farm at Qinghai-Tibet alpine condition Hepialus insect suitable habitat, and set up apparatus for heating water by solar energy near the place of industrial electrical network; The management process of warmhouse booth routinely, soil humidity is 40～96% in the regulation and control booth, relative air humidity is 58～96%; Regulate by adopting normally used black sunshade net and ventilation opening that the temperature of soil and air is 10 ± 8 ℃ in the control booth in summer and autumn; Winter-spring season utilize solar water that heat energy is provided and in the common industrial electrical network electric power of overcast and rainy employing heat energy regulation and control greenhouse Hepialus raising farm temperature be 10 ± 8 ℃;
2, after setting up the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, in one month, spray derosal and carry out the fungus killing processing, press water and 1000: 3 preparating liquids of derosal part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2It is 80g that area sprays amount of liquid medicine; And to the rat hole processing of carrying out that landfill stops up and dispensing bromo mouse-killing phosphorus deratization poison bait kills mouse, bait and bromo mouse-killing phosphorus part by weight are 100: 0.03 in the deratization poison bait, every 10M
2Area is placed deratization poison bait 8 heaps, and every heap poison bait weight is 6g; Simultaneously, the dispensing mirex poison bait ant of going out is handled, and bait and mirex part by weight are 100: 0.06 in the ant poison bait that goes out, every 10M
2Area is placed ant poison bait 6 heaps that go out, and every heap weight is 8g; And spray Mirle-a health drink and the last ten thousand and kill insect pathogeny nematode and handle, press water and Mirle-a health drink and 1000: 4 preparating liquids of the last ten thousand part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area uses amount of liquid medicine to be about 80g; Spray Avrmectin and kill parasitic wasp, tachinid processing, press water and 1000: 4 preparating liquids of Avrmectin part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area sprays amount of liquid medicine and is about 20g;
3, by adopting common plant protection management process effective monitoring water, fertile management, set up and promote circle fringe knotweed (P.macrophyllum), the cold ground Radix Astragali (A.frigidus), Qinghai-Tibet ground cushion willow (Salix lindleyana) spends ground cushion willow (S.faxoniana) and short and small cuckoo plants such as (R.pumilum) to keep the good state that grows and the abundant tender system of vegetation of formation late; Adopt the nutrition child care bag of common crop breeding to cultivate seedling and cultivate into and give birth to perennial round fringe knotweed, the cold ground Radix Astragali, Qinghai-Tibet ground cushion willow in the high and cold grassy marshland of well developed root system, spend ground cushion willow and short and small cuckoo plantlet seedling late cultivating canopy, transplanting is reseeded to the dense planting of greenhouse Hepialus raising farm;
4, drop into 7000 pairs of Hepialus minyuancus adults in the per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, be larva with hatching naturally through mate and oviposit; Hepialus larva is grown from 1 length of time and is only needed 425d to 6～8 length of times, and through sampling observation, the Hepialus larva surviving rate reaches 94%, and the healthy bat of per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm stable breeding reaches 3,290,000;
5, when Hepialus larva was grown to 6～8 length of times, the fresh Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore with collecting was mixed with the thecaspore diluent by water and thecaspore part by weight, every 10M at 1000000: 0.8
2Area sprays infection with 30g thecaspore diluent, can effectively infect the Hepialus larva that moves in the soil and form entomogenous fungi, thereby improve the output of Cordyceps sinensis; In the 20d after infected Hepialus larva has formed entomogenous fungi after testing, take dismountable Plastic film greenhouse booth off plastics film, allow canopy temperature be reduced to, and form the frozen soil ecotope of natural situation gradually near external temperature.And in May next year after Qinghai-Tibet frozen soil melts, grow at the Cordyceps sinensis stroma and to expose native face, Cordyceps sinensis stroma head ascoma is not grown the Cordyceps sinensis of in time gathering before loose yet.By statistics, per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm can be gathered in the crops about 1,570,000 of Cordyceps sinensis.
Embodiment two:
1, selects to set up the glasshouse greenhouse Hepialus raising farm of band switching activity window at Qinghai-Tibet alpine condition Hepialus insect suitable habitat, and set up hydroelectric installation near being adapted to hydroelectric place; With the management process of the glasshouse booth of switching activity window, soil humidity is 40～96% in the regulation and control booth routinely, and relative air humidity is 58～96%; Summer and autumn by adopting the normally used black sunshade of modern agriculture net, and be 10 ± 8 ℃ by the temperature of soil and air in ventilation opening and the activity window adjustments control booth; Utilizing water for producing electric power at winter-spring season provides that temperature is 10 ± 8 ℃ in the heat energy regulation and control greenhouse Hepialus raising farm;
2, after setting up the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, in one month, spray derosal at the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm and carry out the fungus killing processing, press water and 1000: 2 preparating liquids of derosal part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2The area amount of spraying is the 10g soup; And to the rat hole processing of carrying out that landfill stops up and dispensing zinc phosphide deratization poison bait kills mouse, bait and zinc phosphide part by weight are 100: 0.01 in the deratization poison bait, every 10M
2Area is placed deratization poison bait 1 heap, and every heap poison bait weight is 2g; Simultaneously, the dispensing mirex poison bait ant of going out is handled, and bait and mirex part by weight are 100: 0.01 in the ant poison bait that goes out, every 10M
2Area is placed ant poison bait 2 heaps that go out, and every heap weight is 2g; And discharge the spirit of gram line and kill the processing of insect pathogeny nematode, press 1000: 2 preparating liquids of water and the clever part by weight of gram line, can adopt the irrigation method dispensing, every 10M
2Area uses amount of liquid medicine to be about 2g; The dispensing Avrmectin kills parasitic wasp, tachinid is handled, and presses water and 1000: 2 preparating liquids of Avrmectin part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area sprays amount of liquid medicine and is about 5g;
3, by adopting common plant protection management process effective monitoring water, fertile management, set up and promote the Dajianlu Radix Astragali (A.tatsienens s), musciform Herba arenariae kansuensis (A.bryophylla) is intended little scale leaf cuckoo (R.cephaltanhoides) and the cuckoo that crawls plants such as (R.erastum) and is kept the good state that grows and form abundant tender system of vegetation; Adopt the nutrition child care bag of common crop breeding to cultivate seedling and cultivate into and give birth to the perennial Dajianlu Radix Astragali, musciform Herba arenariae kansuensis in the high and cold grassy marshland of well developed root system, intend the little scale leaf cuckoo and the cuckoo plantlet seedling of crawling cultivating canopy, transplant to reseed to the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm and carry out dense planting;
4, drop into 2400 pairs of zygotes that Hepialus lagii Yan adult post-coitum is produced in the per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, zygote is hatched in raising farm and is larva, Hepialus larva is grown from 1 length of time and is only needed 365d to 6～8 length of times, and through sampling observation, the Hepialus larva surviving rate reaches 92%.The healthy bat of per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm stable breeding reaches 1,100,000;
5, when Hepialus larva was grown to 6～8 length of times, the fresh Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore with collecting was mixed with the thecaspore diluent by water and thecaspore part by weight, every 10M at 1000000: 0.5
2Area sprays infection with 10g thecaspore diluent, can effectively infect the Hepialus larva that moves in the soil and form entomogenous fungi, thereby improve the output of Cordyceps sinensis; In the 60d after infected Hepialus larva has formed entomogenous fungi after testing, the glass booth can be opened ventilation opening, allow canopy temperature be reduced to, and form the frozen soil ecotope of natural situation gradually near external temperature.And in May next year after Qinghai-Tibet frozen soil melts, grow at the Cordyceps sinensis stroma and to expose native face, Cordyceps sinensis stroma head ascoma is not grown the Cordyceps sinensis of in time gathering before loose yet.By statistics, per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm can be gathered in the crops about 530,000 of Cordyceps sinensis.
Embodiment three:
1, sets up glasshouse greenhouse Hepialus raising farm at Qinghai-Tibet alpine condition Hepialus insect suitable habitat, and set up apparatus for heating water by solar energy and Industrial Boiler steam unit; The management process of warmhouse booth routinely, soil humidity is 40～96% in the regulation and control booth, relative air humidity is 58～96%%; Regulate by adopting normally used black sunshade net and ventilation opening that the temperature of soil and air is 10 ± 8 ℃ in the control booth in summer and autumn; Winter-spring season utilize sun power and in overcast and rainy employing Boiler Steam heat abstractor provides heat energy regulation and control greenhouse Hepialus raising farm temperature be 10 ± 8 ℃;
2, after setting up the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, in one month, spray big life 45 and carry out the fungus killing processing, press water and big 1000: 3 preparating liquids of 45 part by weight of giving birth to, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2It is 50g that area sprays amount of liquid medicine; And to the rat hole processing of carrying out that landfill stops up and dispensing bromo mouse-killing phosphorus deratization poison bait kills mouse, bait and bromo mouse-killing phosphorus part by weight are 100: 0.1 in the deratization poison bait, every 10M
2Area is placed deratization poison bait 5 heaps, and every heap poison bait weight is 10g; Simultaneously, the dispensing mirex poison bait ant of going out is handled, and bait and mirex part by weight are 100: 0.05 in the ant poison bait that goes out, every 10M
2Area is placed ant poison bait 6 heaps that go out, and every heap weight is 9g; And spray Mirle-a health drink and the last ten thousand and kill insect pathogeny nematode and handle, press water and Mirle-a health drink and 1000: 3 preparating liquids of the last ten thousand part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area uses amount of liquid medicine to be about 80g; Spray Avrmectin and kill parasitic wasp, tachinid processing, press water and 1000: 3 preparating liquids of Avrmectin part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area sprays amount of liquid medicine and is about 50g;
3, by adopting common plant protection management process effective monitoring water, fertile management, foundation promotes serpentgrass (P.viviparum), the Dajianlu Radix Astragali (A.tatsienens s), root and rhizome of Forrest Rhubarb (Rheum pumilum) and cloud and mist cuckoo plants such as (R.chamaethomsonii) to keep the good state that grows and forms abundant tender system of vegetation; Adopt the nutrition child care bag of common crop breeding to cultivate seedling and cultivate into and give birth to perennial serpentgrass, the Dajianlu Radix Astragali, root and rhizome of Forrest Rhubarb and the transplantation of seedlings of cloud and mist cuckoo plantlet kind in the high and cold grassy marshland of well developed root system and reseed cultivating canopy to the dense planting of greenhouse Hepialus raising farm;
4, drop into 1700 pairs of Hepialus guidera Yan adults and 1800 pairs of Pu Shi bat adults in the per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, the bat adult lays eggs and is larva through hatching through post-coitum respectively in raising farm, Hepialus larva is grown from 1 length of time and is only needed 385d to 6～8 length of times, through sampling observation, the Hepialus larva surviving rate reaches 95%.The healthy bat of per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm stable breeding reaches 1,660,000;
5, when Hepialus larva is grown to 6～8 length of times, with the fresh Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore of collecting, be mixed with the thecaspore diluent at 1000000: 0.5 by water and thecaspore part by weight, and fresh Cordyceps sinensis further cultivated through industrial microorganism separation and Culture technology usually be mycelium and conidium, be mixed with mycelium and conidium diluent, every 10M at 1000000: 2 by water and mycelium and conidium part by weight
2Area uses thecaspore diluent and mycelium and each 20g of conidium diluent to spray infection, can effectively infect the Hepialus larva that moves in the soil and form entomogenous fungi; In the 30d after infected Hepialus larva has formed entomogenous fungi after testing, the glass booth can be opened ventilation opening, allow canopy temperature be reduced to, and form the frozen soil ecotope of natural situation gradually near external temperature.After May next year, Qinghai-Tibet Platean frozen soil melted, expose native face in the growth of Cordyceps sinensis stroma, Cordyceps sinensis stroma head ascoma is not grown the loose Cordyceps sinensis of in time gathering before yet.By statistics, per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm can be gathered in the crops about 78.5 ten thousand of Cordyceps sinensis.
Embodiment four:
1, selects to set up the Plastic film greenhouse greenhouse Hepialus raising farm of detachable plastics film at Qinghai-Tibet alpine condition Hepialus insect suitable habitat, and set up the geothermal spring water circulation heat radiation device near place with geothermal spring; The management process of warmhouse booth routinely, soil humidity is 40～96% in the regulation and control booth, relative air humidity is 58～96%; Regulate by the dismounting plastics film in summer and autumn that the temperature of soil and air is 10 ± 8 ℃ in the booth; Utilize geothermal spring water to provide by scatterer that temperature is 10 ± 8 ℃ in the heat energy regulation and control greenhouse Hepialus raising farm at winter-spring season;
2, after setting up the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, in one month, spray derosal at the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm and carry out the fungus killing processing, press water and 1000: 5 preparating liquids of derosal part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2The area amount of spraying is the 100g soup; And to the rat hole processing of carrying out that landfill stops up and dispensing zinc phosphide deratization poison bait kills mouse, bait and zinc phosphide part by weight are 100: 0.2 in the deratization poison bait, every 10M
2Area is placed deratization poison bait 10 heaps, and every heap poison bait weight is 20g; Simultaneously, the dispensing mirex poison bait ant of going out is handled, and bait and mirex part by weight are 100: 0.2 in the ant poison bait that goes out, every 10M
2Area is placed ant poison bait 10 heaps that go out, and every heap weight is 15g; And discharge the spirit of gram line and kill the processing of insect pathogeny nematode, press 1000: 5 preparating liquids of water and the clever part by weight of gram line, can adopt the irrigation method dispensing, every 10M
2Area uses amount of liquid medicine to be about 100g; The dispensing Avrmectin kills parasitic wasp, tachinid is handled, and presses water and 1000: 5 preparating liquids of Avrmectin part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area sprays amount of liquid medicine and is about 100g;
3, by adopting common plant protection management process effective monitoring water, fertile management, set up and promote spire serpentgrass (P.tenuifolium), Saussurea laniceps (Saussurea laniceps), sheep lance (Festuca ovina) and golden wintersweet plants such as (Potentilla fruticosa) are kept the good state that grows and are formed abundant tender system of vegetation; Adopt the nutrition child care bag of common crop breeding to cultivate seedling and cultivate into and give birth to perennial spire serpentgrass, Saussurea laniceps, sheep lance and golden wintersweet plantlet seedling in the high and cold grassy marshland of well developed root system cultivating canopy, transplant and reseed to the dense planting of greenhouse Hepialus raising farm;
4, drop into 2500 pairs of Hepialus minyuancus and 4500 pairs of Hepialus gonggaensis adults in the per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, the bat adult lays eggs and is larva through hatching through post-coitum respectively in raising farm, Hepialus larva is grown from 1 length of time and is only needed 385d to 6～8 length of times, through sampling observation, the Hepialus larva surviving rate reaches 95%.The healthy bat of per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm stable breeding reaches 3,350,000;
5, when Hepialus larva is grown to 6～8 length of times, it is mycelium and conidium that the fresh Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore of collecting is further cultivated through common industrial microorganism separation and Culture technology, by water and mycelium and conidium part by weight is to spray infection, every 10M after being mixed with mycelium and conidium diluent at 1000000: 2
2Area sprays infection with 10g mycelium and conidium diluent, can effectively infect the Hepialus larva that moves in the soil and form entomogenous fungi; In the 40d after infected Hepialus larva has formed entomogenous fungi after testing, can take dismountable Plastic film greenhouse booth off plastics film, allow canopy temperature be reduced to, and form the frozen soil ecotope of natural situation gradually near external temperature.After May next year, Qinghai-Tibet Platean frozen soil melted, expose native face in the growth of Cordyceps sinensis stroma, Cordyceps sinensis stroma head ascoma is not grown the loose Cordyceps sinensis of in time gathering before yet.By statistics, per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm can be gathered in the crops about 1,530,000 of Cordyceps sinensis.
Embodiment five:
1, selects to set up glasshouse greenhouse Hepialus raising farm at Qinghai-Tibet alpine condition Hepialus insect suitable habitat, and set up hydroelectric installation near being adapted to hydroelectric place; With the management process of the glasshouse booth of switching activity window, soil humidity is 40～96% in the regulation and control booth routinely, and relative air humidity is 58～96%; Summer and autumn by adopting the normally used black sunshade of modern agriculture net, and be 10 ± 8 ℃ by the temperature of soil and air in ventilation opening and the activity window adjustments control booth; Utilizing water for producing electric power at winter-spring season provides that temperature is 10 ± 8 ℃ in the heat energy regulation and control greenhouse Hepialus raising farm;
2, after setting up the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, in one month, spray derosal and carry out the fungus killing processing, press water and 1000: 3 preparating liquids of derosal part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2It is 30g that area sprays amount of liquid medicine; And to the processing that kills mouse of the rat hole deratization poison bait that carries out that landfill stops up and the dispensing volt kills mouse, kill mouse part by weight 100: 0.08 of bait and volt in the deratization poison bait, every 10M
2Area is placed deratization poison bait 3 heaps, and every heap poison bait weight is 18g; Simultaneously, the dispensing mirex poison bait ant of going out is handled, and bait and mirex part by weight are 100: 0.18 in the ant poison bait that goes out, every 10M
2Area is placed ant poison bait 6 heaps that go out, and every heap weight is 6g; And spray cartap and kill insect pathogeny nematode and handle, press water and 1000: 4 preparating liquids of cartap part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area uses amount of liquid medicine to be about 70g; Spray Avrmectin and kill parasitic wasp, tachinid processing, press water and 1000: 3 preparating liquids of Avrmectin part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area sprays amount of liquid medicine and is about 50g;
3, by adopting common plant protection management process effective monitoring water, fertile management, set up the vegetation of herbaceous plant riotous growth, particularly promote circle fringe knotweed (P.macrophyllum), evil mind saxifrage (Saxifraga melanocentra) and short stamen cuckoo plants such as (R.microgynum) are kept the good state that grows and form abundant tender system of vegetation; Adopt the nutrition child care bag of common crop breeding to cultivate seedling and cultivate into and give birth to perennial round fringe knotweed, evil mind saxifrage and short stamen cuckoo plantlet seedling in the high and cold grassy marshland of well developed root system cultivating canopy, transplant and reseed to the dense planting of greenhouse Hepialus raising farm;
4, drop into 3500 pairs of zygotes that Hepialus guidera Yan adult post-coitum is produced in the per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, zygote is hatched in raising farm and is larva, Hepialus larva is grown from 1 length of time and is only needed 368d to 6～8 length of times, through sampling observation, the Hepialus larva surviving rate reaches 94%, and the healthy bat of per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm stable breeding reaches 1,550,000;
5, when Hepialus larva is grown to 6～8 length of times, with the fresh Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore of collecting, be mixed with the thecaspore diluent at 1000000: 0.4 by water and thecaspore part by weight, and fresh Cordyceps sinensis further cultivated through industrial microorganism separation and Culture technology usually be mycelium and conidium, be mixed with mycelium and conidium diluent, every 10M at 1000000: 3.5 by water and mycelium and conidium part by weight
2Area uses thecaspore diluent and mycelium and each 40g of conidium diluent to spray infection, can effectively infect the Hepialus larva that moves in the soil and form entomogenous fungi; In the 35d after infected Hepialus larva has formed entomogenous fungi after testing, the glass booth can be opened ventilation opening, allow canopy temperature be reduced to, and form the frozen soil ecotope of natural situation gradually near external temperature.After May next year, Qinghai-Tibet Platean frozen soil melted, expose native face in the growth of Cordyceps sinensis stroma, Cordyceps sinensis stroma head ascoma is not grown the loose Cordyceps sinensis of in time gathering before yet.By statistics, per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm can be gathered in the crops about 700,000 of Cordyceps sinensis.
Embodiment six:
1, sets up glasshouse greenhouse Hepialus raising farm at Qinghai-Tibet alpine condition Hepialus insect suitable habitat, set up apparatus for heating water by solar energy and Industrial Boiler steam unit; The management process of warmhouse booth routinely, soil humidity is 40～96% in the regulation and control booth, relative air humidity is 58～96%; Regulate by adopting modern agriculture normally used black sunshade net and ventilation opening that the temperature of soil and air is 10 ± 8 ℃ in the control booth in summer and autumn; Utilize sun power and common Industrial Boiler steam heat abstractor to provide that temperature is 10 ± 8 ℃ in the heat energy regulation and control greenhouse Hepialus raising farm at winter-spring season;
2, after setting up the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, in one month, spray thiophanate and carry out the fungus killing processing, press water and 1000: 3 preparating liquids of thiophanate part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2It is 60g that area sprays amount of liquid medicine; And to the rat hole processing of carrying out that landfill stops up and dispensing warfarin deratization poison bait kills mouse, bait and warfarin part by weight are 100: 0.15 in the deratization poison bait, every 10M
2Area is placed deratization poison bait 4 heaps, and every heap poison bait weight is 12g; Simultaneously, the dispensing mirex poison bait ant of going out is handled, and bait and mirex part by weight are 100: 0.08 in the ant poison bait that goes out, every 10M
2Area is placed ant poison bait 9 heaps that go out, and every heap weight is 4g; And spray gram line spirit and kill insect pathogeny nematode and handle, press water and restrain 1000: 5 preparating liquids of the clever part by weight of line, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area uses amount of liquid medicine to be about 10g; Spray Avrmectin and kill parasitic wasp, tachinid processing, press water and 1000: 3 preparating liquids of Avrmectin part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area sprays amount of liquid medicine and is about 80g;
3, by adopting common plant protection management process effective monitoring water, fertile management, set up and promote spire serpentgrass (P.tenuifolium), circle fringe knotweed (P.macrophyllum), Herba Saxifragae montanae (S.Montana), Saussurea laniceps (Saussurea laniceps), cloud and mist cuckoo (R.chamaethomsonii) and short stamen cuckoo plants such as (R.microgynum) are kept the good state that grows and form abundant tender system of vegetation; Adopt the nutrition child care bag of common crop breeding to cultivate seedling and cultivate into and give birth to perennial spire serpentgrass, circle fringe knotweed, Herba Saxifragae montanae, Saussurea laniceps, cloud and mist cuckoo and short stamen cuckoo plantlet seedling in the high and cold grassy marshland of well developed root system cultivating canopy, transplant and reseed to the dense planting of greenhouse Hepialus raising farm;
4, drop into 2400 pairs of zygotes that Hepialus gonggaensis adult post-coitum is produced in the per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, zygote is hatched in raising farm and is larva, Hepialus larva is grown from 1 length of time and is only needed 365d to 6～8 length of times, through sampling observation, the Hepialus larva surviving rate reaches 92%, and the healthy bat of per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm stable breeding reaches 1,100,000;
5, when Hepialus larva is grown to 6～8 length of times, it is mycelium and conidium that the fresh Cordyceps sinensis of collecting is further cultivated through common industrial microorganism separation and Culture technology, by water and mycelium and conidium part by weight is to spray infection, every 10M after being mixed with mycelium and conidium diluent at 1000000: 3
2Area sprays infection with 50g mycelium and conidium diluent, can effectively infect the Hepialus larva that moves in the soil and form entomogenous fungi; In the 50d after infected Hepialus larva has formed entomogenous fungi after testing, the glass booth can be opened ventilation opening, allow canopy temperature be reduced to, and form the frozen soil ecotope of natural situation gradually near external temperature.After May next year, Qinghai-Tibet Platean frozen soil melted, expose native face in the growth of Cordyceps sinensis stroma, Cordyceps sinensis stroma head ascoma is not grown the loose Cordyceps sinensis of in time gathering before yet.By statistics, per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm can be gathered in the crops about 530,000 of Cordyceps sinensis.
Embodiment seven:
1, selects to set up Plastic film greenhouse greenhouse Hepialus raising farm at Qinghai-Tibet alpine condition Hepialus insect suitable habitat, and set up apparatus for heating water by solar energy near the place of industrial electrical network; The management process of warmhouse booth routinely, soil humidity is 40～96% in the regulation and control booth, relative air humidity is 58～96%; Regulate by adopting normally used black sunshade net and ventilation opening that the temperature of soil and air is 10 ± 8 ℃ in the control booth in summer and autumn; Winter-spring season utilize solar water that heat energy is provided and in the common industrial electrical network electric power of overcast and rainy employing heat energy regulation and control greenhouse Hepialus raising farm temperature be 10 ± 8 ℃;
2, after setting up the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, in one month, spray derosal and carry out the fungus killing processing, press water and 1000: 2 preparating liquids of derosal part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2It is 100g that area sprays amount of liquid medicine; And to rat hole processings of carrying out that landfill stops up and the big grand deratization poison bait of dispensing kills mouse, bait and greatly grand amount ratio are 100: 0.1 in the deratization poison bait, every 10M
2Area is placed deratization poison bait 7 heaps, and every heap poison bait weight is 12g; Simultaneously, the dispensing mirex poison bait ant of going out is handled, and bait and mirex part by weight are 100: 0.12 in the ant poison bait that goes out, every 10M
2Area is placed ant poison bait 6 heaps that go out, and every heap weight is 3g; And spray the last ten thousand and kill insect pathogeny nematode and handle, press 1000: 4 preparating liquids of water and the last ten thousand part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area uses amount of liquid medicine to be about 45g; Spray Avrmectin and kill parasitic wasp, tachinid processing, press water and 1000: 5 preparating liquids of Avrmectin part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area sprays amount of liquid medicine and is about 90g;
3, by adopting common plant protection management process effective monitoring water, fertile management, foundation promotes serpentgrass (P.viviparum), root and rhizome of Forrest Rhubarb (Rheumpumilum) and cloud and mist cuckoo plants such as (R.chamaethomsonii) to keep the good state that grows and forms abundant tender system of vegetation; Adopt the nutrition child care bag of common crop breeding to cultivate seedling and cultivate into and give birth to perennial serpentgrass, the Dajianlu Radix Astragali, root and rhizome of Forrest Rhubarb and cloud and mist cuckoo plantlet seedling in the high and cold grassy marshland of well developed root system cultivating canopy, transplant and reseed to the dense planting of greenhouse Hepialus raising farm;
4, drop into 3500 pairs of Hepialus minyuancus pupas in the per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, turn into adult at experience bat pupa development, and through mate and oviposit and naturally hatching be larva, Hepialus larva is grown from 1 length of time and is only needed 385d to 6～8 length of times, through sampling observation, the Hepialus larva surviving rate reaches 95%, and the healthy bat of per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm stable breeding reaches 1,660,000;
5, when Hepialus larva is grown to 6～8 length of times, with the fresh Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore of collecting, be mixed with the thecaspore diluent at 1000000: 0.6 by water and thecaspore part by weight, and fresh Cordyceps sinensis further cultivated through industrial microorganism separation and Culture technology usually be mycelium and conidium, be mixed with mycelium and conidium diluent, every 10M at 1000000: 3 by water and mycelium and conidium part by weight
2Area uses thecaspore diluent and mycelium and each 80g of conidium diluent to spray infection, can effectively infect the Hepialus larva that moves in the soil and form entomogenous fungi; In the 20d after infected Hepialus larva has formed entomogenous fungi after testing, can take dismountable Plastic film greenhouse booth off plastics film, allow canopy temperature be reduced to, and form the frozen soil ecotope of natural situation gradually near external temperature.After May next year, Qinghai-Tibet Platean frozen soil melted, expose native face in the growth of Cordyceps sinensis stroma, the stroma head ascoma is not grown the loose Cordyceps sinensis of in time gathering before yet.By statistics, per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm can be gathered in the crops about 780,000 of Cordyceps sinensis.
Embodiment eight:
1, sets up glasshouse greenhouse Hepialus raising farm at Qinghai-Tibet alpine condition Hepialus insect suitable habitat, set up apparatus for heating water by solar energy; The management process of warmhouse booth routinely, soil humidity is 40～96% in the regulation and control booth, relative air humidity is 58～96%; Regulate by adopting modern agriculture normally used black sunshade net and ventilation opening that the temperature of soil and air is 10 ± 8 ℃ in the control booth in summer and autumn; Utilize the solar water heat abstractor to provide that temperature is 10 ± 8 ℃ in the heat energy regulation and control greenhouse Hepialus raising farm at winter-spring season;
2, after setting up the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, in one month, spray thiophanate and carry out the fungus killing processing, press water and 1000: 5 preparating liquids of thiophanate part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2It is 20g that area sprays amount of liquid medicine; And rat hole carried out that landfill stops up and processings that kill mouse of dispensing Gophacide and big grand deratization poison bait, bait and Gophacide and greatly grand amount ratio 100: 0.3 in the deratization poison bait, every 10M
2Area is placed deratization poison bait 2 heaps, and every heap poison bait weight is 20g; Simultaneously, the dispensing mirex poison bait ant of going out is handled, and bait and mirex part by weight are 100: 0.2 in the ant poison bait that goes out, every 10M
2Area is placed ant poison bait 10 heaps that go out, and every heap weight is 2g; And spray that inferior dimension rhzomorph kills insect pathogeny nematode and the parasitic wasp tachinid is handled, and press water and tie up 1000: 5 preparating liquids of rhzomorph part by weight with the Asia, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area uses amount of liquid medicine to be about 100g;
3, by adopting common plant protection management process effective monitoring water, fertile management, set up the vegetation of scrub plant riotous growth, particularly promote root and rhizome of Forrest Rhubarb (Rheum pumilum) and golden wintersweet plants such as (Potentilla fruticosa) to keep the good state that grows and the abundant tender system of vegetation of formation; Adopt the nutrition child care bag of common crop breeding to cultivate seedling and cultivate into and give birth to perennial root and rhizome of Forrest Rhubarb and golden wintersweet plantlet seedling in the high and cold grassy marshland of well developed root system cultivating canopy, transplant and reseed to the dense planting of greenhouse Hepialus raising farm;
4, drop into the larva of 3500 pairs of Hepialus guidera Yan pupa adult zygotes that post-coitum produces in the per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm through hatching, Hepialus larva is grown from 1 length of time and is only needed 368d to 6～8 length of times, through sampling observation, the Hepialus larva surviving rate reaches 94%, and the healthy bat of per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm stable breeding reaches 1,660,000;
5, when Hepialus larva was grown to 6～8 length of times, the fresh Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore with collecting was mixed with the thecaspore diluent by water and thecaspore part by weight, every 10M at 1000000: 0.8
2Area sprays infection with 70g thecaspore diluent, can effectively infect the Hepialus larva that moves in the soil and form entomogenous fungi, thereby improve the output of Cordyceps sinensis; In 20～60d after infected Hepialus larva has formed entomogenous fungi after testing, the glass booth can be opened ventilation opening, allow canopy temperature be reduced to, and form the frozen soil ecotope of natural situation gradually near external temperature.And in May next year after Qinghai-Tibet frozen soil melts, grow at the Cordyceps sinensis stroma and to expose native face, Cordyceps sinensis stroma head ascoma is not grown the Cordyceps sinensis of in time gathering before loose yet.By statistics, per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm can be gathered in the crops about 750,000 of Cordyceps sinensis.
Embodiment nine:
1, selects to set up the Plastic film greenhouse greenhouse Hepialus raising farm of detachable plastics film at Qinghai-Tibet alpine condition Hepialus insect suitable habitat, and set up geothermal spring water circulation heat radiation device and apparatus for heating water by solar energy near place with geothermal spring; The management process of warmhouse booth routinely, soil humidity is 40～96% in the regulation and control booth, relative air humidity is 58～96%; Regulate by the dismounting plastics film in summer and autumn that the temperature of soil and air is 10 ± 8 ℃ in the booth; Utilize geothermal spring water and solar water to provide by scatterer that temperature is 10 ± 8 ℃ in the heat energy regulation and control greenhouse Hepialus raising farm at winter-spring season;
2, after setting up the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, in one month, spray thiophanate and carry out the fungus killing processing, press water and 1000: 2 preparating liquids of thiophanate part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2It is 30g that area sprays amount of liquid medicine; And to the rat hole processing of carrying out that landfill stops up and dispensing sodium diphacinone deratization poison bait kills mouse, bait and sodium diphacinone part by weight are 100: 0.1 in the deratization poison bait, every 10M
2Area is placed deratization poison bait 4 heaps, and every heap poison bait weight is 18g; Simultaneously, the capable ant of going out of dispensing mirex poison bait is handled, and bait and mirex part by weight are 100: 0.08 in the ant poison bait that goes out, every 10M
2Area is placed ant poison bait 8 heaps that go out, and every heap weight is 5g; And spray nematode and kill insect pathogeny nematode clearly and handle, press 1000: 3 preparating liquids of the clear part by weight of water and nematode, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area uses amount of liquid medicine to be about 30g; Spray Avrmectin and kill parasitic wasp, tachinid processing, press water and 1000: 3 preparating liquids of Avrmectin part by weight, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area sprays amount of liquid medicine and is about 75g;
3, by adopting common plant protection management process effective monitoring water, fertile management, set up and promote the cold ground Radix Astragali (A.frigidus), root and rhizome of Forrest Rhubarb (Rheumpumilum), pale reddish brown little cuckoo (Rhododendron rupicola) and short and small cuckoo plants such as (R.pumilum) are kept the good state that grows and are formed abundant tender system of vegetation; Adopt the nutrition child care bag of common crop breeding to cultivate seedling and cultivate into and give birth to raw and cold for many years glutinous rehmannia stilbene, root and rhizome of Forrest Rhubarb, pale reddish brown little cuckoo and short and small cuckoo plantlet seedling in the high and cold grassy marshland of well developed root system cultivating canopy, transplant and reseed to the dense planting of greenhouse Hepialus raising farm;
4, drop into 7000 pairs of Hepialus oblifurcus Chu et Wang adults in the per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, the bat adult lays eggs and is larva through hatching through post-coitum respectively in raising farm, Hepialus larva is grown from 1 length of time and is only needed 380d to 6～8 length of times, through sampling observation, the Hepialus larva surviving rate reaches 95%, and the healthy bat of per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm stable breeding reaches 3,500,000;
5, when Hepialus larva was grown to 6～8 length of times, the fresh Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore with collecting was mixed with the thecaspore diluent by water and thecaspore part by weight, every 10M at 1000000: 0.7
2Area sprays infection with 60g thecaspore diluent, can effectively infect the Hepialus larva that moves in the soil and form entomogenous fungi, thereby improve the output of Cordyceps sinensis; In the 30d after infected Hepialus larva has formed entomogenous fungi after testing, can take dismountable Plastic film greenhouse booth off plastics film, allow canopy temperature be reduced to, and form the frozen soil ecotope of natural situation gradually near external temperature.And in May next year after Qinghai-Tibet frozen soil melts, grow at the Cordyceps sinensis stroma and to expose native face, Cordyceps sinensis stroma head ascoma is not grown the Cordyceps sinensis of in time gathering before loose yet.By statistics, per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm can be gathered in the crops about 1,570,000 of Cordyceps sinensis.
Embodiment ten:
1, sets up glasshouse greenhouse Hepialus raising farm at Qinghai-Tibet alpine condition Hepialus insect suitable habitat, and set up apparatus for heating water by solar energy and Industrial Boiler steam unit; The management process of warmhouse booth routinely, soil humidity is 40～96% in the regulation and control booth, relative air humidity is 58～96%; Regulate by ventilation opening in summer and autumn that the temperature of soil and air is 10 ± 8 ℃ in the control booth; Winter-spring season utilize the solar water heat abstractor and in overcast and rainy employing Boiler Steam heat abstractor provides heat energy regulation and control greenhouse Hepialus raising farm temperature be 10 ± 8 ℃;
2, in one month, spray thiophanate and big living 45 and carry out the fungus killing processing after setting up the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, press water and thiophanate and big 1000: 3 preparating liquids of 45 part by weight of giving birth to, can adopt spraying method to spray, it is 60g that every 10M2 area sprays amount of liquid medicine; And to the rat hole processing of carrying out that landfill stops up and dispensing bromadiolone deratization poison bait kills mouse, bait and bromadiolone part by weight are 100: 0.15 in the deratization poison bait, every 10M
2Area is placed deratization poison bait 3 heaps, and every heap poison bait weight is 18g; Simultaneously, the dispensing mirex poison bait ant of going out is handled, and bait and mirex part by weight are 100: 0.06 in the ant poison bait that goes out, every 10M
2Area is placed ant poison bait 6 heaps that go out, and every heap weight is 12g; And spray that inferior dimension rhzomorph kills insect pathogeny nematode and the parasitic wasp tachinid is handled, and press water and tie up 1000: 4 preparating liquids of rhzomorph part by weight with the Asia, can adopt spraying method to spray, every 10M
2Area uses amount of liquid medicine to be about 70g;
3, by adopting common plant protection management process effective monitoring water, fertile management, set up the vegetation of herbaceous plant and scrub plant riotous growth, particularly promote the acaulescence Radix Astragali (A.acaulis), gold wintersweet (Potentilla fruticosa), short and small cuckoo (R.pumilum) and the cuckoo that crawls plants such as (R.erastum) are kept the good state that grows and form abundant tender system of vegetation; Adopt the nutrition child care bag of common crop breeding to cultivate seedling and cultivate into and give birth to the perennial acaulescence Radix Astragali, golden wintersweet, short and small cuckoo and the cuckoo plantlet seedling of crawling in the high and cold grassy marshland of well developed root system cultivating canopy, transplant and reseed to the dense planting of greenhouse Hepialus raising farm;
4, drop into 3500 pairs of Hepialus lagii Yans and 3500 pairs of Pu Shi bat adults in the per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, the bat adult lays eggs and is larva through hatching through post-coitum respectively in raising farm, Hepialus larva is grown from 1 length of time and is only needed 375d to 6～8 length of times, through sampling observation, the Hepialus larva surviving rate reaches 93%, and the healthy bat of per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm stable breeding reaches 3,320,000;
5, when Hepialus larva is grown to 6～8 length of times, fresh Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore or the fresh Cordyceps sinensis collected are mycelium and conidium through further cultivation of common industrial microorganism separation and Culture technology, by water and mycelium and conidium part by weight is to spray infection, every 10M after being mixed with mycelium and conidium diluent at 1000000: 2.5
2Area sprays infection with 50g mycelium and conidium diluent, can effectively infect the Hepialus larva that moves in the soil and form entomogenous fungi; In 20～60d after infected Hepialus larva has formed entomogenous fungi after testing, the glass booth can be opened ventilation opening, allow canopy temperature be reduced to, and form the frozen soil ecotope of natural situation gradually near external temperature.After May next year, Qinghai-Tibet Platean frozen soil melted, expose native face in the growth of Cordyceps sinensis stroma, and the Cordyceps sinensis of before Cordyceps sinensis stroma head ascoma is not grown hypertrophy yet, in time gathering.By statistics, per hectare greenhouse Hepialus raising farm can be gathered in the crops about 1,570,000 of Cordyceps sinensis.
Claims (8)
1. method of cultivating Cordyceps sinensis at hepialus genus captive field, this method comprises: at Qinghai-Tibet Hepialus insect suitable habitat herbaceous plant vegetation region and/or scrub plant vegetation region, set up the normally used warmhouse booth of modern agriculture as hepialus genus captive field; According to the temperature and humidity in the bat insect growth growth needs regulation and control greenhouse Hepialus raising farm; By control with reduce the harm of natural enemy to hepialus larva to bat, and by effective monitoring water, fertile management and plant dense planting, promote herbaceous plant and/or scrub plant in the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm to keep the good state that grows and form abundant flourishing tender system of vegetation, get food to offer Hepialus larva; In the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, discharge simultaneously bat zygote, larva, pupa or/and adult, promote the Hepialus larva quantity of greenhouse Hepialus raising farm stable breeding; When Hepialus larva is grown to 6～8 length of times, collect the Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore and be mixed with the thecaspore diluent or/and Cordyceps mycelium and conidium are mixed with mycelium and conidium diluent, carry out the artificial spraying then and infect, effectively infect the Hepialus larva that moves in the soil and form entomogenous fungi; In May next year after Qinghai-Tibet frozen soil melts, the entomogenous fungi Cordyceps sinensis stroma of being cultivated is grown and is exposed native face; The Cordyceps sinensis of before Cordyceps sinensis stroma head ascoma is not grown hypertrophy yet, in time gathering.
2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, the concrete steps that it is characterized in that this method comprise:
(1), at Qinghai-Tibet alpine condition Hepialus insect suitable habitat herbaceous plant vegetation region and/or scrub plant vegetation region, set up the glasshouse booth of common band switching activity window and/or dismountable Plastic film greenhouse booth as hepialus genus captive field, the method of modern agriculture warmhouse booth management routinely, soil humidity is 40～96% in the regulation and control booth, and relative air humidity is 58～96%; In summer and autumn, the temperature of regulating interior soil of control booth and air is 10 ± 8 ℃; At winter-spring season, suiting measures to local conditions to utilize the interior temperature of heat energy regulation and control greenhouse Hepialus raising farm is 10 ± 8 ℃; The energy of described heat energy is one or both in common water power, sun power, geothermal spring, industrial electro and the Industrial Boiler steam;
(2), after setting up the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, by controlling and kill entomogenous fungi to spraying mycocide in the hepialus genus captive field, and hepialus genus captive field rat hole landfill is stopped up and discharge the raticide trapping kill mouse, dispensing go out ant repellent and deinsectization pathogeny nematode medicine and kill parasitic wasp, tachinid pesticide, control and reduce entomogenous fungi and the harm of the bat that natural enemy to hepialus larva is bred hepialus genus captive field;
(3), by adopting the common plant protection management process of modern agriculture effective monitoring water, fertile management and plant dense planting, promote herbaceous plant and/or scrub plant in the hepialus genus captive field to keep the good state that grows and form abundant tender system of vegetation, get food to offer Hepialus larva, and build the good ecotope that the Hepialus larva continuous growth is grown; Adopt the nutrition child care bag of common crop breeding to cultivate seedling and cultivate into the high and cold grassy marshland herbaceous plant and/or the transplantation of seedlings of scrub plant plantlet kind of well developed root system and reseed cultivating the canopy plantation to the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm;
(4), by in the greenhouse Hepialus raising farm, discharging bat zygote, larva, pupa or/and adult, the Hepialus larva that promotes the stable breeding of greenhouse Hepialus raising farm is bred density;
(5), when Hepialus larva is grown to 6～8 length of times, the thecaspore that the fresh Cordyceps sinensis ascoma that collection is gathered from the Qinghai Tibet plateau cordyceps suitable habitat launches sprays infection to above-mentioned greenhouse Hepialus raising farm after being mixed with the thecaspore diluent; Be mycelium and conidium or/and the fresh Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore that will collect or fresh Cordyceps sinensis are further cultivated through common industrial microorganism separation and Culture technology, after being mixed with mycelium and conidium diluent, spray infection; Effectively infect Hepialus larva and form entomogenous fungi; In 20～60d after infected Hepialus larva has formed entomogenous fungi, allow canopy temperature be reduced to, and form the frozen soil ecotope of natural situation gradually near external temperature; In May next year after Qinghai-Tibet frozen soil melts, the entomogenous fungi Cordyceps sinensis stroma of being cultivated exposes native face with growth, the Cordyceps sinensis of in time gathering before Cordyceps sinensis stroma head ascoma is not grown hypertrophy yet.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that described bat comprises: Chinese caterpillar fungus bat, Hepialus minyuancus, cajaput bat, Hepialus lagii Yan, Hepialus gonggaensis, Hepialus guidera Yan, Hepialus oblifurcus Chu et Wang, Baima bat, people prop up bat, Deqie bat, Altay bat, such as in bat and the Pu Shi bat one or more.
4. in accordance with the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that the mycocide described in the step (2) comprises: derosal, thiophanate, give birth in 45 one or more greatly; Described raticide comprises: zinc phosphide, Gophacide, bromo mouse-killing phosphorus, big grand, sodium diphacinone, volt kill mouse, in the warfarin, bromadiolone one or more; The described ant repellent that goes out is a mirex; The described insect pathogeny nematode cartridge bag that kills is drawn together: the spirit of gram line, inferior dimension rhzomorph, Mirle-a health drink, the last ten thousand, nematode clearly, in the cartap one or more; Described parasitic wasp, tachinid pesticide extremely are Avrmectin.
5. in accordance with the method for claim 4, it is characterized in that the working concentration of described mycocide is: water and mycocide part by weight 1000: 2～5 in the soup, every 10M
2The area amount of spraying is 10～100g soup; The working concentration of raticide is: bait and raticide part by weight 100: 0.01～0.2 in the deratization poison bait, every 10M
2Area is placed deratization poison bait 1～10 heap, and every heap poison bait weight is 2～20g; The working concentration of mirex is: bait and mirex part by weight 100: 0.01～0.2 in the ant poison bait that goes out, every 10M
2Area is put ant poison bait 2～10 heaps that go out, and every heap weight is 2～15g; The working concentration that kills insect pathogeny nematode medicine is: water and drug weight ratio 1000: 2～5 in the soup, can adopt pouring or spray every 10M
2The area usage quantity is 2～100g soup; The working concentration that kills parasitic wasp, tachinid pesticide is: water and pesticide part by weight 1000: 2～5 in the soup, every 10M
2The area amount of spraying is 5～100g soup.
6. in accordance with the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that the herbaceous plant described in the step (3) comprises: one or more in glacier knotweed, spire serpentgrass, serpentgrass, circle fringe knotweed, the snow mountain Radix Astragali, the acaulescence Radix Astragali, the cold ground Radix Astragali, the light pipe Radix Astragali, Baima snow mountain Radix Astragali, the Dajianlu Radix Astragali, the Yunnan long shoot Radix Astragali, root and rhizome of Forrest Rhubarb, billows deep blue ground glossy ganoderma, musciform Herba arenariae kansuensis, evil mind saxifrage, Herba Saxifragae montanae, Saussurea laniceps and the sheep lance; Described scrub plant comprises: Qinghai-Tibet ground cushion willow, late spend ground cushion willow, golden wintersweet, pale reddish brown little cuckoo, intend in little scale leaf cuckoo, cloud and mist cuckoo, short stamen cuckoo, Yunnan-Tibet cuckoo, short and small cuckoo and the cuckoo that crawls one or more.
7. in accordance with the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that thecasporous method that fresh Cordyceps sinensis ascoma that the collection described in the step (5) is gathered from the Qinghai-Tibet Platean launches normally: the fresh Cordyceps sinensis that the ascoma thecaspore of gathering is launched not yet inserts in the glassware that fills sterilized water, make Cordyceps sinensis stroma ascoma exceed the water surface up, and place glassware under the sunlight or 30～60W UV-lamp under 40～70cm spacing place irradiation; Behind 8～24h, the Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore almost all launches in sterilized water, collects the sophisticated Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore that launches in sterilized water through separating (can adopt the isolating method of common whizzer); Thecaspore can be placed 4 ℃ of refrigerators to preserve standby (preservation period is 20d); The Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore diluent concentration of preparation is: water and thecaspore part by weight 1000000: 0.3～1.Can adopt spraying method during use, every 10M
2The area usage quantity is 10～100g thecaspore diluent.
8. in accordance with the method for claim 2, the compound method that it is characterized in that Cordyceps mycelium described in the step (5) and conidium diluent is: fresh Cordyceps sinensis thecaspore or the fresh winter worm summer herb thallus that will gather from the Qinghai-Tibet Platean, according to common industrial microorganism method separate, purifying, inoculation and common industrial microorganism fungi culture medium cultivate under 6～20 ℃ of conditions and be mycelium and conidium; The mycelium and the conidium diluent concentration of preparation are: water and mycelium and conidium part by weight are 1000000: 2～4.Can adopt spraying method during use, every 10M
2The area usage quantity is 10～100g mycelium and conidium diluent.
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