CN1817632A - 包括至少三层的层压件和生产包括至少三层的层压件的方法 - Google Patents

包括至少三层的层压件和生产包括至少三层的层压件的方法 Download PDF

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CN1817632A
CN1817632A CNA2005101248861A CN200510124886A CN1817632A CN 1817632 A CN1817632 A CN 1817632A CN A2005101248861 A CNA2005101248861 A CN A2005101248861A CN 200510124886 A CN200510124886 A CN 200510124886A CN 1817632 A CN1817632 A CN 1817632A
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S·佐默
D·弗赖
J·古登
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Machine Factory Of Leffinhauser Co ltd
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    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
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    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
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    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/105—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by needling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/03—3 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2274/00—Thermoplastic elastomer material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/538—Roughness
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2738—Coating or impregnation intended to function as an adhesive to solid surfaces subsequently associated therewith
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种包括至少三层的层压件，该层压件的一层由至少一层由连续长丝制成的无纺织物形成。这是一种通过热流体效应热硬化的无纺织物。该层压件的另一层同时设置在该无纺织物的上面和下面并被牢固地连接到该无纺织物。

Description

包括至少三层的层压件和生产包括至少三层的层压件的方法
本发明涉及一种包括至少三层的层压件，该层压件的一层由至少一层由连续的长丝制成的无纺织物形成。而且，本发明涉及一种生产包括至少三层的层压件的方法。在本发明的框架内，该连续的长丝由热塑性合成物制成。在下面，连续的长丝也称作长丝。该连续的长丝通过纺纱装置生产并且其在一表面上呈现缠结的绒头织物(tangledfleece)的形态。随后该缠结的绒头织物或无纺织物通常被硬化。
已知在实际中上述类型的层压件具有不同的实施例，其中的一层是由无纺织物形成的。该无纺织物可被例如薄膜覆盖。用于这种类型的层压件的无纺织物通过加强的轧光来硬化。通过这些加强的轧光方法，无纺织物的厚度通常减小了相当高的程度。通过这种方式，无纺织物或具有无纺织物的层压件被生产出来了，而其抗挠刚度不令人满意。对于这些带有无纺织物的已知层压件来说，也未必预期有高水平的抗挠刚度。然而，由无纺织物和薄膜制成的已知层压件具有其它缺点。由于无纺织物的加强轧光，压痕将由于轧光点效应而出现在相应的无纺织物的表面，结果导致了粗糙的结构。然后，如果例如要把薄膜粘结到该无纺织物的表面上，为了填充无纺织物表面中的不平整，需要不合乎需要地大量使用粘结剂，或者该薄膜仅仅粘结到部分无纺织物表面上，从而在薄膜和无纺织物之间引起相对弱的连接。另一方面，如果薄膜将以熔融覆层的形式被施加到不平的无纺织物上，这将导致施加的薄膜形成粗糙的或不平直的外表面，从而导致层压件对于美学外观来说不令人满意。而且，由于层压件的粗糙或不平表面，随后的可印刷性将更加困难。
另一方面，构成本发明的基础的技术问题是提供一种在开始指定的那种类型的层压件，其中这些层一方面有效地并且彼此牢固地连接，而且它们的特征在于，具有高表面质量和最佳的美学外观，而且层压件还具有高水平的抗挠刚度。构成本发明的基础的另一技术问题是一种生产包括有至少三层的这种类型的层压件的方法。
为了解决该技术问题，本发明提出了一种包括有至少三层的层压件，该层压件的一层由至少一层由连续的长丝制成的无纺织物形成，这是一种已由热流体效应热硬化的无纺织物，薄膜同时设置在该无纺织物的上面和下面，并且该薄膜通过粘结剂或者通过熔融覆层的方式牢固地连接到该无纺织物。根据一优选实施例，用热流体来热硬化无纺织物是通过热空气硬化来进行的。
本发明的一个优选实施例的特征在于，无纺织物的硬化是完全通过热流体或热空气的热硬化实施的，并且没有通过轧光和/或针刺来预硬化。但是，在本发明的框架内，所指定的用于层压件的无纺织物在热硬化之前被轻微的或较小的轧光，或者被轻微的或较小的针刺。这在下面更详细地解释。
本发明的一个实施例的特征在于，提供了一种三层或三排层压件，它的中间层由无纺织物形成，而其两个外层中的每一层由薄膜形成。根据本发明的一个特别优选的实施例，使用由热塑性合成物制成的一层或多层薄膜。有利地是，由热塑性合成物制成的两层薄膜被提供给根据本发明的层压件，这些薄膜中的一层附着在无纺织物的上面，而另一层则附着在下面。这些薄膜是通过例如合适的宽缝工具(wide slittool)生产的挤压成形的合成薄膜在本发明的框架内。优选地，至少一层连接到无纺织物的合成薄膜，优选地两层附着在无纺织物的两面的合成薄膜，包括至少50％重量比的合成物，而无纺织物长丝也由该合成物制成。根据一个特别优选的实施例，整个层压件重量的至少50％并优选至少60％只由一种合成物，例如聚丙烯制成。该层压件的其它组分可以特别是无机物组分，它们特别地存在于毗连无纺织物的其它层中。如果合成薄膜邻接该无纺织物，这些薄膜包括例如碳酸钙。
根据本发明，优选地直接邻接无纺织物的薄膜通过粘结剂或以熔融覆层的形式牢固地连接到无纺织物。在本发明的框架内，牢固地连接到无纺织物指的是该薄膜不是松散地设置在无纺织物上并且不会容易地或无需较大的力就从无纺织物上脱落。如果一层或多层薄膜通过粘结剂附着到无纺织物，使用热熔性粘结剂是有利的。在本发明的框架内，热熔性的粘结剂施加到无纺织物和直接邻接该无纺织物的薄膜之间。正如上文已经解释的那样，一层或多层薄膜以熔融覆层附着到无纺织物也在本发明的框架内。一层薄膜或两层薄膜作为熔融体或以熔融流体的形式施加到无纺织物上。
为了解决该技术问题，本发明还提出了一种生产包括有至少三层的层压件的方法，首先通过纺纱装置生产出连续的长丝，并且该长丝作为缠结的绒头织物或无纺织物沉积到一个表面上，并且通过热流体来实施该沉积的缠结绒头织物或无纺织物的热硬化，无纺织物的热硬化被实施以便该无纺织物在热硬化后的厚度是无纺织物在热硬化之前的厚度的至少40％，之后，该热硬化了的无纺织物的上面和下面均牢固地连接薄膜。术语“牢固连接”在上面已经作出了限定。
在根据本发明的方法的框架内，如果无纺织物的热硬化是在没有较小程度的预硬化的情况下发生，无纺织物的热硬化被实施以便该无纺织物在热硬化之后的厚度是该无纺织物在热硬化之前的厚度的至少40％，优选至少50％，更优选的是至少60％，而更优选的是至少70％。如果在热硬化之前通过较小程度的轧光或较小程度的针刺进行了较小程度的预硬化，无纺织物的热硬化被实施以便该无纺织物在热硬化之后的厚度是该无纺织物在较小程度的预硬化之后以及热硬化之前的厚度的至少50％，优选至少60％，更优选的是至少70％，而更优选的是至少80％。在本发明的框架内，无纺织物的厚度指的是与无纺织物的正面或表面成直角的或者与绒头织物的长度的层状表面成直角的无纺织物或绒头织物长度的延伸。
根据本发明，无纺织物因此通过使用热流体介质尤其是热空气而硬化并最终硬化。硬化在这里指的是无纺织物或无纺织物长丝的热粘合。为此，有利地是，热流体介质流过该无纺织物。优选地，热空气烘箱被用作硬化装置或热粘合装置，特别是呈桶式干燥机的形态。因此，硬化在热空气硬化干燥机中进行在本发明的框架内。
正如上面已经明确过的，在本发明的框架内，硬化通过热流体介质来实施以便无纺织物的厚度没有或者基本上没有减小。为此，热流体介质起作用的时间长度和/或热流体介质的温度和/或有效的热流体介质的量优选地被相应地设定。根据本发明的一个非常优选的实施例，热硬化因此同时被非常小心地实施以便无纺织物的厚度尽最大可能的得到维持。在本发明的框架内，热硬化在处于长丝合成物的软化温度和熔化温度之间的硬化温度实施。长丝合成物指的是制成长丝的合成物。无纺织物和长丝的热粘合在特定的温度范围内实施。在这方面，该硬化不同于低温就足够的热固化。根据本发明的一个特别优选的实施例在于，无纺织物中的部分长丝暂时达到了它们的熔化温度。通过这种方式，在相邻的长丝之间得到了有效的连接。如果纤维混合物和/或双组分长丝或多组分长丝被用于无纺织物，上述硬化温度由熔点最低的合成物或通过双组分或多组分长丝的长丝表面中的熔点最低的合成物来确定。
根据本发明的一个实施例，无纺织物不仅完全被热硬化，而且在最终热硬化之前被轻微的或较小的预硬化。通过这种轻微的预硬化，无纺织物应该被稳定以用于输送至热硬化并且其稳定地能承受一定的力，特别是在热硬化过程中作用在无纺织物上的气动力。根据第一种变型，轻微的预硬化通过较小程度的轧光来进行。与预定的无纺织物的传统轧光相比，较小程度的轧光在降低的轧光辊温度和/或降低的轧光辊接触压力或轧光辊单位长度荷载下进行。通过较小程度的轧光，靠近无纺织物表面的长丝大体上相互连接在一起。有利地是，轧光被实施以便在轧光之后相互连接在一起的长丝被设置在轧光之前的无纺织物的上面五分之一和下面五分之一(相对于无纺织物的厚度)的80％，优选至少90％。
在本发明的框架内，较小程度的轧光被实施以便该轻微轧光的无纺织物具有小于该无纺织物能达到的最大抗拉强度的50％，优选最大45％的最大抗拉强度。最大抗拉强度定义在DIN 53816中。在本发明的框架中，最大抗拉强度指的是在相同条件(绒头织物特性、绒头织物沉积、生产速度等)下，仅在轧光辊的接触压力和/或温度有变化下，相应的轧光机可达到的最大抗拉强度。根据本发明设定的无纺织物的最大抗拉强度特别的按照下述给出。首先，轧光机或轧光辊的接触压力和/或温度改变，以便给出轧光后的无纺织物的最大和最高可能的最大抗拉强度。因此，这就是通过轧光得到的具有最大硬化的预先指定的无纺织物的最高可能的最大抗拉强度。随后，为了在其它的相同条件下(如当确定最大最高抗拉强度时)，根据本发明设定一个小于50％或最大为45％的最大最高抗拉强度的值，轧光机和轧光辊的接触压力和/或温度有利地改变直到达到根据本发明的最大抗拉强度为止。
在本发明的框架内，较小程度的轧光被实施以便轻微轧光的无纺织物的厚度是无纺织物在较小程度的轧光之前的厚度的至少50％，优选至少60％，并且更优选地为至少70％。根据本发明的一个特别优选实施例，较小程度的轧光被实施以便轻微轧光的无纺织物的厚度是无纺织物在较小程度的轧光之前的厚度的至少75％，优选至少80％，并且更优选地为至少85％。较小程度的轧光之前的无纺织物厚度指的是在直接进给到轧光机或轧光装置之前的无纺织物的厚度。这里在本发明的框架中，无纺织物先前即在其沉积后已通过了出口配合辊。因此，用于较小程度的轧光的条件被这样选择，以便无纺织物的厚度基本上没有减小。特别的，这通过相应地设定轧光辊的温度和/或接触压力，和/或通过相应地选择轧光辊的压制表面的尺寸，和/或通过选择轧光辊的压制类型而进行。根据一个特别优选的实施例，轧光辊的温度落在长丝合成物的熔点之下50℃和长丝合成物的熔点之间的温度范围内。如果使用纤维混合物或者使用双组分长丝或多组分长丝，上述温度范围将取决于熔点最低的合成物或者是对于双组分长丝/多组分长丝取决于长丝表面熔点最低的长丝合成物的熔点。在本发明的框架内，轧光温度指的是为轧光辊设定的表面温度。根据本发明的优选实施例，轧光辊的单位长度荷载在10和20daN/cm之间，优选地在20到60daN/cm之间，其被设定以用于较小程度的轧光。有利地是，轧光机具有3到35％之间，优选5到20％之间的压制表面。如果对于较小程度的轧光设置较高的轧光温度，轧光辊的接触压力和单位长度荷载相应地设置地较小是不言而喻的。另一方面，如果对于较小程度的轧光，轧光辊的接触压力或单位长度荷载被设置地较高，轧光辊的温度随后被选择为相应地较低是不言而喻的。
根据本发明的第二种变型，无纺织物也不是完全被热硬化的，而是在最终热硬化之前通过较小程度的机械针刺或通过较小程度的水力针刺被预硬化。较小程度的机械针刺被更优选地实施。机械针刺通过使用通常设置在针梁或多个针梁上的多个或大量针来实施。在这方面，机械针刺不同于通过喷射水流工作的水力针刺。在本发明的框架内，无纺织物的预硬化仅仅通过较小程度的针刺来进行，随后最终的热硬化通过热流体来实施。因此随后不进行无纺织物的轧光或较小程度的轧光。在本发明的框架内，较小程度的针刺指的是与传统针刺方法相比对无纺织物进行较小强度的针刺，以便无纺织物的厚度在较小程度的针刺之后尽可能的得到维持或者不会减小或者(在下面作更详细的描述)根据更优选的一个实施例，其厚度增加。
在本发明的框架内，较小程度的机械或水力针刺被实施以便机械针刺的无纺织物的厚度是无纺织物在较小程度的针刺之前的厚度的至少60％，优选至少75％，更优选至少85％，更优选至少90％。根据本发明的一个特别优选的实施例，机械针刺的无纺织物的厚度大于无纺织物在较小程度的针刺之前的厚度的95％。无纺织物在较小程度的针刺之前的厚度指的是直接进给到针刺装置之前的无纺织物的厚度。在本发明的框架内，无纺织物预先已经，即在沉积后，穿过出口配合辊。通过较小程度的针刺，可因此实现最低可能的厚度减小，优选地厚度根本不减小，并且更优选地是该无纺织物的厚度增加。正如上文已作出的描述，根据一个特别优选的实施例，进行较小程度的机械针刺。
厚度的增加通过无纺织物的较小程度的机械针刺来实现，其中插入到无纺织物中的针与长丝接合并将这些长丝转换为与绒头织物的表面成直角，随后将它们推出与针插入的表面相对的绒头织物表面。通过这种方式，无纺织物的横向延伸和厚度增加了。这种效果仅仅在进行了轻微的或者非强化的针刺，并且特别的较小的针刺密度后才能实现。用于无纺织物的机械针刺的这些针通常具有多个凹口，每一凹口在适当位置处同时钩取长丝并将它们转换为与绒头织物的表面成直角。凹口因此就是用于长丝的钩取部件。针刺密度被给定为与无纺织物正面或表面的每cm2的产品相遇的凹口的数量或钩取部件的数量。如果一根针仅具有一个凹口或仅有一个钩取部件，针刺密度将与无纺织物正面或表面的每cm2的针刺的数量相一致。根据本发明的一个特别优选实施例，机械针刺以30/cm2至360/cm2，优选100/cm2至300/cm2，更优选150/cm2至240/cm2的针刺密度实施。
此外，唯一的附图示出了无纺织物在机械针刺后得到的厚度与针刺密度之间的关系。可以看出，与初始的无纺织物的厚度(针刺密度为0的无纺织物的厚度)相比，较小的针刺密度也会使无纺织物的厚度基本地得到增加。针刺密度越大，机械针刺相应地更强，通过这种方式不再可能增加厚度了。相反，针刺密度越大并且机械针刺越强，无纺织物的厚度会减小。
根据本发明的一个特别优选的实施例，对于较小程度的机械针刺，优选以针刺深度在2和15mm之间，优选5和12mm之间，更优选地是7和11mm之间来工作。针刺深度与针从相对于针插入表面的绒头织物表面显露出来的最大长度(针尖至该相对的表面之间的距离)相对应。机械针刺可从无纺织物的上面或无纺织物的下面来实施。根据本发明更优选的实施例，机械针刺从两个面同时进行，即从无纺织物的上面和下面来进行。而且，无纺织物的厚度根据DIN EN29703的第二部分来测量。
根据本发明的方法的优选实施例，其特征在于将要连接到热硬化后的无纺织物的那些层的至少一层是由热塑性合成物制成的薄膜，该薄膜以熔融覆层的形式施加到无纺织物。优选地，将要连接到热硬化后的无纺织物的两层均是由热塑性合成物制成的薄膜，所述薄膜以这种类型的熔融覆层的形式被施加到无纺织物的两面。
根据本发明的另一实施例，将要连接到热硬化后的无纺织物的那些层的至少一层是由热塑性合成物制成的薄膜，该薄膜通过粘结剂，优选地通过热熔性粘结剂粘合到无纺织物上。在该实施例的框架内，有利地是，将要连接到热硬化后的无纺织物的两层都是由热塑性合成物制成的薄膜，所述薄膜是通过粘结剂，优选地通过热熔性粘结剂粘合到无纺织物上。
在本发明的框架内，由热塑性合成物制成的薄膜以熔融覆层的形式被施加到无纺织物的一个面上，并且由热塑性合成物制成的薄膜通过粘结剂，优选地通过热熔性粘结剂粘合到无纺织物另一相对面上。根据本发明优选实施例，施加到无纺织物的薄膜是单层薄膜。但是，这种薄膜可以是由多个薄膜制成的叠层件也属于发明的框架内。
本发明首先基于这样一种认识，即通过根据本发明的处理方法，即通过对无纺织物进行较小程度的以及非常小心的预硬化并利用热流体进行最终热硬化后，硬化后的绒头织物中的连续长丝被定向于基本上平行于无纺织物的正面或表面是可能的。而且，本发明基于这样一种认识，即由于根据本发明的处理方式，可维持较大的绒头织物厚度。前述特性导致根据本发明的层压件具有惊人地高水平的抗挠刚度。而且，通过根据本发明的无纺织物的处理，得到了非常均匀并且水平的无纺织物表面。当对这些无纺织物表面进行覆层时，可以保证覆层，例如被施加的薄膜，也非常均匀和平滑，并且不会发生不符合要求的轮廓或不合乎需要的粗糙。因此，该层压件满足了所有的关于其外观和审美的需要。在此方面，与现有技术已知的层压件相比，该层压件具有相当的优点。

Claims (7)

1、一种包括至少三层的层压件，该层压件的一层由至少一层由连续的长丝制成的无纺织物形成，这是一种通过热流体效应热硬化的无纺织物，薄膜同时设置在该无纺织物的上面和下面，并且这些薄膜通过粘结剂连接方式或通过熔融覆层方式牢固地连接到无纺织物。
2、根据权利要求1所述的层压件，所述薄膜由热塑性合成物制成。
3、一种生产包括至少三层的层压件的方法，首先通过纺丝装置生产连续的长丝，并且该长丝作为无纺织物被沉积到一个表面上，进一步通过热流体对无纺织物实施热硬化，无纺织物的热硬化被实施以便无纺织物在热硬化后的厚度为该无纺织物在热硬化之前的厚度的至少40％，并且该无纺织物在热硬化后，其上面和下面同时牢固地连接一层薄膜。
4、根据权利要求3所述的方法，所述无纺织物实施热硬化以便该无纺织物在热硬化后的厚度为无纺织物在热硬化之前的厚度的至少50％，优选地为至少70％，更优选地为至少80％。
5、根据权利要求3或4所述的方法，所述无纺织物在热硬化之前通过较小程度的轧光进行预硬化。
6、根据权利要求3至5中任意一项所述的方法，所述无纺织物在热硬化之前通过较小程度的机械针刺进行预硬化。
7、根据权利要求3至6中任意一项所述的方法，薄膜通过热熔性粘结剂粘合到无纺织物上。
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EP1658970A1 (de) 2006-05-24
US7618508B2 (en) 2009-11-17
KR100765874B1 (ko) 2007-10-11
BRPI0505078A (pt) 2006-07-18
US20080119100A1 (en) 2008-05-22
EP1658970B1 (de) 2009-06-24
MY138952A (en) 2009-08-28
US20060135025A1 (en) 2006-06-22
JP4403134B2 (ja) 2010-01-20
ATE434517T1 (de) 2009-07-15
KR20060057519A (ko) 2006-05-26
ES2325159T3 (es) 2009-08-27
BRPI0505078B1 (pt) 2016-05-31
DK1658970T3 (da) 2009-08-17
JP2006142831A (ja) 2006-06-08
CN100515756C (zh) 2009-07-22
DE502004009664D1 (de) 2009-08-06

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