CN1811656A - Negative temperature compensating current generating circuit and temperature compensating current reference source - Google Patents

Abstract

The negative temperature compensation current generation circuit and temperature compensation current reference source belong to the field of power supply technology, in the concrete, said invention relates to a temperature compensation current generation circuit and temperature compensation current reference source. The described negative temperature compensation current generation circuit is formed from a MOS transistor, a PNP triode and a resistor. The described temperature compensation current reference source includes starting circuit, first-order positive temperature compensation current generation circuit, second-order positive temperature compensation current generation circuit, third-order negative temperature compensation current generation circuit, proportional summation circuit and output circuit.

Description

Negative temperature compensating current generating circuit and temperature compensating current reference source

Technical field

Negative temperature compensating current generating circuit and temperature compensating current reference source belong to power technique fields, are specifically related to a kind of temperature-compensated current and produce circuit and temperature compensating current reference source.

Background technology

All need reference current source in simulation, digital-to-analogue mixing even totally digital circuit, the stability of reference current source has directly determined the quality of circuit performance.The index of describing the reference current source stability mainly contains: Power Supply Rejection Ratio, temperature coefficient etc.In order to satisfy the requirement of circuit operate as normal under abominable external temperature environment, reference current source must have very little temperature coefficient, promptly very high temperature stability.

The function of current reference source is that other functional modules provide reference current in circuit, is very important functional module in the Analogous Integrated Electronic Circuits, often provides reference current for oscillator, wave filter, digital-to-analog conversion and precise time Postponement module.Concerning electric current, not loss when on long metal wire, transmitting, voltage then has loss, so, in the mimic channel of long interconnect metallization lines is arranged, more be inclined to use current reference source.In addition, ifs circuit adopts current-mode, can be than adopting voltage mode to work under higher frequency, to improve the speed of circuit, but accuracy when current-mode circuit is worked in large-temperature range and stability directly are decided by the temperature stability of current source.

The patent documentation of publication number CN1340750A (application number: 00123710.1, denomination of invention: reference current source generating circuit with low temp coefficient) disclose a kind of reference current source generating circuit with low temp coefficient, mainly comprise: one is used to produce the circuit of band-gap reference voltage source, and it provides the band-gap reference voltage of a low-temperature coefficient and the electric current of a positive temperature coefficient (PTC); One voltage follower device is to produce the voltage of following this low-temperature coefficient band-gap reference voltage, has the resistance of positive temperature coefficient (PTC) to drive one, and produces the electric current of a negative temperature coefficient; And a current mirroring circuit, so that the electric current of this positive temperature coefficient (PTC) and the electric current of negative temperature coefficient are done the ratio combination, and obtain the reference current of a low-temperature coefficient.This technical scheme has adopted the superimposed in proportion mode of electric current of the electric current and the IPTAT (being inversely proportional to temperature) of PTAT (being directly proportional with temperature) in fact, realizes the single order temperature compensation, the output reference electric current, and its principle schematic is as shown in Figure 3.The machine emulation as calculated of this technical scheme, in-25 ℃～+ 75 ℃ scope, it is 140ppm that the reference current of output is changed to 1.4%, shows that its temperature characterisitic is not fine.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of negative temperature compensating current generating circuit, can realize that by circuit structure making three rank temperatures coefficient of its output current is zero, its single order and second-order temperature coefficient are less than zero; The invention provides the reference current source based on the temperature compensation of this negative temperature compensating current generating circuit simultaneously, this reference current source has low-down temperature coefficient.

The temperature compensation principle of current reference source of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, produce earlier a positive temperature-compensated current of single order, positive temperature-compensated current of second order and one three rank negative temperature compensating current (its three rank temperature coefficient is zero, and single order and second-order temperature coefficient are less than zero) respectively.Wherein, the temperature characteristics of the positive temperature-compensated current of single order is straight line a, the temperature characteristics of the positive temperature-compensated current of second order is the quafric curve b that opening makes progress, the temperature characteristics of three rank negative temperature compensating currents be the quafric curve c that Open Side Down (because, realize that by circuit structure its three rank temperature coefficient is zero, so temperature characterisitic shows as quafric curve).Then, these three temperature-compensated currents are superposeed by a certain percentage, obtaining the output temperature family curve is the high order temperature compensation current source shown in the d.

Detailed technology scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A kind of negative temperature compensating current generating circuit, as shown in Figure 4, form by a NMOS pipe M20, a resistance R 4 and a PNP triode Q3, it is characterized in that, the grid of described NMOS pipe M20 is connected to the emitter of PNP triode Q3, base stage and the collector common ground of its source electrode and PNP triode Q3 by resistance R 4; Input current I (T) (I (T)=CT, wherein C is an arbitrary constant) is from the grid of NMOS pipe M20 and the tie point input of resistance R 4, output current I _VBE(T ^m) export from the drain electrode of NMOS pipe M20; Described resistance R 4 and described PNP triode Q3 satisfy relational expression: $\frac{V_{g0}-V_{\mathrm{BE}}\left(T_0\right)}{T_0}-\frac{k(\mathrm{\η}-1)}{q}\ln T=C{R}_4,$ In the formula, V _G0Be the BE ligament crack reference voltage of PNP triode Q3, V _BE(T ₀) be T=T ₀The time PNP triode Q3 the BE junction voltage, R ₄Be the resistance of resistance R 4, C be with I (T)=CT formula in identical constant.

A kind of negative temperature compensating current generating circuit, as shown in Figure 5, form by a PMOS pipe M21, a resistance R 4 and a PNP triode Q3, it is characterized in that, the base stage of PNP triode Q3 links to each other with the collector short circuit and with the grid of PMOS pipe M21, and its emitter links to each other with the source electrode of PMOS pipe M21 by resistance R 4 and connects external power supply; Input current I (T) (I (T)=CT, wherein C is an arbitrary constant) is from the collector input of PNP triode Q3, output current I _VBE(T ^m) from the drain electrode output of PMOS pipe M21, described resistance R 4 and described PNP triode Q3 satisfy relational expression: $\frac{V_{g0}-V_{\mathrm{BE}}\left(T_0\right)}{T_0}-\frac{k(\mathrm{\η}-1)}{q}\ln T=C{R}_4,$ In the formula, V _G0Be the BE ligament crack reference voltage of PNP triode Q3, V _BE(T ₀) be T=T ₀The time PNP triode Q3 the BE junction voltage, R ₄Be the resistance of resistance R 4, C be with I (T)=CT formula in identical constant.

A kind of high order temperature compensation current reference source, as shown in Figure 2, it is characterized in that, comprising: start-up circuit, the positive temperature-compensated current of single order produce circuit, the positive temperature-compensated current of second order produces circuit, three rank negative temperature compensating current generating circuits, ratio summing circuit and output circuit; Described start-up circuit provides the startup bias voltage for the positive temperature-compensated current of single order produces circuit, the positive temperature-compensated current of second order produces circuit, three rank negative temperature compensating current generating circuits and ratio summing circuit; The positive temperature-compensated current of described single order produces circuit and produces a positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T), and its temperature characteristics is a straight line; The positive temperature-compensated current of described second order produces circuit and produces the positive temperature-compensated current I of a second order (T ²), its temperature characteristics is the quafric curve that an opening makes progress; Described three rank negative temperature compensating current generating circuits produce one three rank negative temperature compensating current I _VBE(T ^m), its temperature characteristics is that a quafric curve that Open Side Down (is realized output offset current I by circuit structure _VBE(T ^m) three rank temperatures coefficient be zero, so temperature characteristics is a quafric curve); Described ratio summing circuit is sued for peace positive temperature-compensated current of single order, second order and three rank negative temperature compensating currents that single order, the positive temperature-compensated current generation circuit of second order and three rank negative temperature compensating current generating circuits are produced in proportion; The electric current of described output circuit output after high-order temperature compensated.

High order temperature compensation current reference source, particular circuit configurations are shown in Figure 6, comprising: start-up circuit, the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produce circuit, the positive temperature-compensated current I of second order (T ²) produce circuit, three rank negative temperature compensating current I _VBE(T ^m) generation circuit, ratio summing circuit and output circuit.

Described start-up circuit comprise NMOS pipe (MS2) and three PMOS manage (MS1, MS3, MS4).The source ground of NMOS pipe MS2; (source electrode MS4) connects external power supply to the PMOS pipe for MS1, MS3; The grid of NMOS pipe MS2 is connected with the grid of PMOS pipe MS1, the output terminal of the amplifier of concatenation operation simultaneously OP; The drain electrode of NMOS pipe MS2 is connected with the drain electrode of PMOS pipe MS1, connects the grid of PMOS pipe MS3 and MS4 simultaneously; The drain electrode of PMOS pipe MS3 is connected to the emitting stage of PNP triode Q2, and the drain electrode of PMOS pipe MS4 connects the drain electrode of NMOS pipe M13.

Described single order negative temperature compensating current I (T) generation circuit comprises two PMOS pipes, and (M1, M2), (Q1 is Q2) with a resistance R 1 and an operational amplifier OP for two PNP triode pipes.Two PMOS pipe (M1, M2) constitute current mirror, its source electrode is connected with external power supply, its grid is connected to the output terminal (being the output terminal of operational amplifier OP) that the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produces circuit jointly, the positive input terminal of operational amplifier OP is linked in the drain electrode of PMOS pipe M1, and the negative input end of operational amplifier OP is linked in the drain electrode of PMOS pipe M2; PNP manages (Q1, base stage Q2) and collector short circuit and common ground; PNP pipe Q1 emitter is by the positive input terminal of resistance R 1 concatenation operation amplifier OP; The negative input end of PNP pipe Q2 emitter connecting resistance operational amplifier.

The positive temperature-compensated current I of described second order (T ²) produce circuit comprise two PMOS pipes (M12, M15), two NMOS pipes (M13, M14) and a resistance R 2.(M13 M14) forms current mirroring circuit jointly for PMOS pipe M12 and NMOS pipe; The drain electrode of PMOS pipe M12 is connected with the drain electrode of NMOS pipe M13, and the source electrode of PMOS pipe M12 connects external power supply, and the grid of M12 connects the output terminal (being the output terminal of operational amplifier OP) that the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produces circuit; The drain electrode of NMOS pipe M13 is connected the grid that connects NMOS pipe M14 simultaneously with grid, (M13, source electrode M14) are connected to ground to the NMOS pipe jointly; The drain electrode of NMOS pipe M14 connects an end of resistance R 2, connects the grid of PMOS pipe M15 simultaneously; The source electrode of the other end of resistance R 2 and PMOS pipe M15 is connected to external power supply jointly, and the drain electrode of PMOS pipe M15 connects output circuit.

Described three rank negative temperature compensating current I _VBE(T ^m) produce circuit comprise two PMOS pipes (M18, M19), a NMOS pipe M20, a PNP pipe Q3, two resistance (R3, R4).The grid of NMOS pipe M20 connects resistance R 4, and the other end of resistance R 4 connects the emitter of PNP pipe Q3, the base stage of PNP pipe Q3 and collector short circuit and with the source electrode common ground of NMOS pipe M20, the drain electrode of NMOS pipe M20 connects the drain electrode of PMOS pipe M18; PMOS pipe M18 is the diode connected mode, and the source electrode of PMOS pipe M18 connects external power supply; The grid of PMOS pipe M20 connects an end of resistance R 3, an other end of resistance R 3 connects the drain electrode of PMOS pipe M19, the grid of PMOS pipe M19 connects the output terminal (being the output terminal of operational amplifier OP) that the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produces circuit, and source electrode connects external power supply.

Described ratio summing circuit comprise three PMOS pipe (M15, M16, M17); Three PMOS pipes (M15, M16, M17) source electrode interconnection; The grid of PMOS pipe M16 connects the output terminal (being the output terminal of operational amplifier OP) that the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produces circuit; PMOS pipe M15 itself is exactly the positive temperature-compensated current I of second order (T ²) produce the part of circuit, also as the part of ratio summing circuit, the grid of PMOS pipe M15 connects the drain electrode of NMOS pipe M14 simultaneously; (drain electrode interconnection M17) is as the output terminal of ratio summing circuit for M15, M16 for three PMOS pipes.

Described output circuit comprises NMOS pipe M11, its source ground, its drain and gate interconnection also connects the drain electrode of the output terminal (be three PMOS pipe＜M15 that interconnect in the ratio summing circuit, M16, M17 〉) of ratio summing circuit), outwards provide electric current to export.

High order temperature compensation current reference source, particular circuit configurations are shown in Figure 7, comprising: start-up circuit, the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produce circuit, the positive temperature-compensated current I of second order (T ²) produce circuit, three rank negative temperature compensating current I _VBE(T ^m) generation circuit, ratio summing circuit and output circuit.

Described start-up circuit comprise NMOS pipe (MS2) and three PMOS manage (MS1, MS3, MS4).The source ground of NMOS pipe MS2; (source electrode MS4) connects external power supply to the PMOS pipe for MS1, MS3; The grid of NMOS pipe MS2 is connected with the grid of PMOS pipe MS1, the output terminal of the amplifier of concatenation operation simultaneously OP; The drain electrode of NMOS pipe MS2 is connected with the drain electrode of PMOS pipe MS1, connects the grid of PMOS pipe MS3 and MS4 simultaneously; The drain electrode of PMOS pipe MS3 is connected to the emitting stage of PNP triode Q2, and the drain electrode of PMOS pipe MS4 connects the drain electrode of NMOS pipe M13.

Described single order negative temperature compensating current I (T) generation circuit comprises two PMOS pipes, and (M1, M2), (Q1 is Q2) with a resistance R 1 and an operational amplifier OP for two PNP triode pipes.Two PMOS pipe (M1, M2) constitute current mirror, its source electrode is connected with external power supply, its grid is connected to the output terminal (being the output terminal of operational amplifier OP) that the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produces circuit jointly, the positive input terminal of operational amplifier OP is linked in the drain electrode of PMOS pipe M1, and the negative input end of operational amplifier OP is linked in the drain electrode of PMOS pipe M2; PNP manages (Q1, base stage Q2) and collector short circuit and common ground; PNP pipe Q1 emitter is by the positive input terminal of resistance R 1 concatenation operation amplifier OP; The negative input end of PNP pipe Q2 emitter connecting resistance operational amplifier.

The positive temperature-compensated current I of described second order (T ²) produce circuit comprise two PMOS pipes (M12, M15), two NMOS pipes (M13, M14) and a resistance R 2.(M13 M14) forms current mirroring circuit jointly for PMOS pipe M12 and NMOS pipe; The drain electrode of PMOS pipe M12 is connected with the drain electrode of NMOS pipe M13, and the source electrode of PMOS pipe M12 connects external power supply, and the grid of M12 connects the output terminal (being the output terminal of operational amplifier OP) that the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produces circuit; The drain electrode of NMOS pipe M13 is connected the grid that connects NMOS pipe M14 simultaneously with grid, (M13, source electrode M14) are connected to ground to the NMOS pipe jointly; The drain electrode of NMOS pipe M14 connects an end of resistance R 2, connects the grid of PMOS pipe M15 simultaneously; The source electrode of the other end of resistance R 2 and PMOS pipe M15 is connected to external power supply jointly, and the drain electrode of PMOS pipe M15 connects output circuit.

Described three rank negative temperature compensating current I _VBE(T ^m) produce circuit and comprise a NMOS pipe M19, a PMOS pipe M21, a PNP pipe Q3, two resistance (R3, R4).The base stage of PNP triode Q3 links to each other with the collector short circuit and with the grid of PMOS pipe M21, and its emitter links to each other with the source electrode of PMOS pipe M21 by resistance R 4 and connects external power supply, and its collector links to each other by the drain electrode of resistance R 3 with NMOS pipe M19; The source ground of NMOS pipe M19, its grid links to each other with the grid of NMOS pipe (M13, M14); The drain electrode of PMOS pipe M21 connects output circuit; Input current I (T) (I (T)=CT, wherein C is an arbitrary constant) is from the collector input of PNP triode Q3, output current I _VBE(T ^m) from the drain electrode output of PMOS pipe M21, described resistance R 4 and described PNP triode Q3 satisfy relational expression: $\frac{V_{g0}-V_{\mathrm{BE}}\left(T_0\right)}{T_0}-\frac{k(\mathrm{\η}-1)}{q}\ln T=C{R}_4,$

In the formula, V _G0Be the BE ligament crack reference voltage of PNP triode Q3, V _BE(T ₀) be T=T ₀The time PNP triode Q3 the BE junction voltage, R ₄Be the resistance of resistance R 4, C be with I (T)=CT formula in identical constant.

Described ratio summing circuit comprise three PMOS pipe (M15, M16, M17); Three PMOS pipes (M15, M16, M17) source electrode interconnection; The grid of PMOS pipe M16 connects the output terminal (being the output terminal of operational amplifier OP) that the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produces circuit; PMOS pipe M15 itself is exactly the positive temperature-compensated current I of second order (T ²) produce the part of circuit, also as the part of ratio summing circuit, the grid of PMOS pipe M15 connects the drain electrode of NMOS pipe M14 simultaneously; (drain electrode interconnection M17) is as the output terminal of ratio summing circuit for M15, M16 for three PMOS pipes.

Described output circuit comprises NMOS pipe M11, its source ground, its drain and gate interconnection also connects the drain electrode of the output terminal (be three PMOS pipe＜M15 that interconnect in the ratio summing circuit, M16, M17 〉) of ratio summing circuit), outwards provide electric current to export.

Negative temperature compensating current generating circuit of the present invention according to the single order temperature coefficient of input current, is zero by adjusting circuit parameter, can exporting a kind of three rank temperatures coefficient, and single order and second-order temperature coefficient are negative offset current.

High order temperature compensation current reference source of the present invention has extraordinary temperature stability and low-down temperature coefficient, can be applied in current-mode circuit, high precision D/A converting circuit and has in the Analogous Integrated Electronic Circuits of long metal wire.Wherein the described circuit embodiment of Fig. 6 is in temperature-10 ℃～+ 150 ℃ scope, and the temperature coefficient of the reference current of output is 0.7ppm/ ℃.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: the high-order temperature compensated principle schematic of high order temperature compensation current reference source of the present invention.

Fig. 2: the circuit structure block diagram of high order temperature compensation current reference source of the present invention.

Fig. 3: the temperature compensation principle figure of single order temperature-compensated current generator.

Fig. 4: a kind of implementation of negative temperature compensating current generating circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 5: another implementation of negative temperature compensating current generating circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 6: a kind of temperature compensating current reference source circuit diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 7: another kind of temperature compensating current reference source circuit diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 8: the temperature characteristics figure of the output current of current reference source circuit shown in Figure 6.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model being carried out high-order temperature compensated embodiment, structure, feature is elaborated.

The high-order temperature compensated principle of this current reference source is as shown in Figure 1: straight line a is the temperature characteristics of the positive temperature-compensated current of single order, curve b is the temperature characteristics of the positive temperature-compensated current of second order, and curve c is the temperature characteristics of three rank negative temperature compensating currents.Curve d superposes these three temperature-compensated currents the output current temperature characteristics that obtains by a certain percentage.Consider various non-ideal effects in the various integrated circuit, curve c can not be the straight line of standard finally, and the paintings straight line just is used for the principle explanation.

Below the principle of work of current reference source shown in Figure 6 is set forth.

Current reference source circuit shown in Figure 6 comprises that the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produces circuit, the positive temperature-compensated current I of second order (T ²) produce circuit, three rank negative temperature compensating current I _VBE(T ^m) generation circuit, ratio summing circuit and output circuit.Wherein:

Its effect of start-up circuit is to guarantee that circuit is operated in desired normal condition when powering on.Principle of work is: when circuit rigidly connected energize, the grid of MS1 and MS2 was a noble potential, thus MS3 and MS4 conducting, so the drain electrode of MS3 and MS4 is a high level, makes Q1, Q2, M13 and M14 conducting.After circuit entered equilibrium state, because the grid of MS1 and MS2 is an electronegative potential, the grid of MS3 and MS4 was a noble potential, so MS3 and MS4 end.

Single order temperature-compensated current generator output single order temperature-compensated current I (T), the effect of operational amplifier is to make the PMOS pipe (M1, drain potential M2) equates, thereby makes and flow through the PMOS pipe (M1, electric current M2) equates.It is an I (T) current generating circuit.

We can obtain from figure:

$I\left(T\right)=I_{\mathrm{PTAT}}\left(T\right)=N\frac{V_T\ln M}{R_1}=\frac{\mathrm{Nk}\ln M}{q{R}_1}\·T=C\·T---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, M=A ₁/ A ₂(A ₁, A ₂Be respectively the emitter area of Q1 and Q2), N=(W/L) ₁₂/ (W/L) ₁((W/L) ₁, (W/L) ₂, (W/L) ₁₂Be respectively M ₁, M ₂, M ₁₂Breadth length ratio), (W/L) ₁=(W/L) ₂And $C=\frac{\mathrm{Nk}1\mathrm{nM}}{q{R}_1}.$

The positive temperature-compensated current I of second order (T ²) to produce the circuit input current be IPTAT, through by the current mirror that M13 and M14 formed, the electric current that flows through on the resistance R 2 is IPTAT.Because I _DS～V _GS ²～I _PTAT ²So the electric current that transistor M15 flows through is I (T ²).So we can obtain following equation:

$I\left(T^2\right)=I_{\mathrm{ds}15}=\mathrm{\β}{\left(\right|V_{\mathrm{GS}15}|-|V_{\mathrm{thp}}\left|\right)}^2=\mathrm{\β}{R}_2^2\·I^2\left(T\right)-2\mathrm{\β}{R}_2\left|V_{\mathrm{thp}}\right|\·I\left(T\right)+\mathrm{\β}{V}_{\mathrm{thp}}^2---\left(3\right)$

Negative temperature compensating current I _VBE(T ^m) producing circuit such as Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are respectively two kinds of implementations, be that example describes its structure and principle of work in detail below with Fig. 4: the temperature coefficient of supposing the BJT transistor collector current is I _C∝ T ^x(x=1), V in this article _BEExpression formula as follows:

$V_{\mathrm{BE}}\left(T\right)=V_{g0}-\left(\frac{T}{T_0}\right)\·[V_{g0}-V_{\mathrm{BE}}\left(T_0\right)]-(\mathrm{\η}-x)\·\left(\frac{\mathrm{kT}}{q}\right)\·\ln \left(\frac{T}{T_0}\right)$

$=V_{g0}-[\frac{V_{g0}-V_{\mathrm{BE}}\left(T_0\right)}{T_0}-\frac{k(\mathrm{\η}-x)}{q}\·\ln T_0]\·T-\left[\frac{k(\mathrm{\η}-x)}{q}\right]\·T\ln T$

$=a_0-a_1\·T-a_2\·T\ln T---\left(4\right)$

Wherein, a ₀=V _G0, $a_1=\frac{V_{g0}-V_{\mathrm{BE}}\left(T_0\right)}{T_0}-\frac{k(\mathrm{\η}-x)}{q}\ln T,a_2=\frac{k(\mathrm{\η}-x)}{q}.$ Here, x=1 is because transistor Q ₃Bias current be proportional to T (being I (T)=IPTAT ∝ T).a ₀, a ₁And a ₂Value be constant.

The middle TlnT of formula (4) this can use Taylor series at T _r=1 place launches, and we can obtain: $T1\mathrm{nT}\≈\frac{1}{2}{T}^2-\frac{1}{2}.$ Formula (4) can be write as again so:

$V_{\mathrm{BE}}\left(T\right)=(a_0+\frac{a_2}{2})-a_{1}T-\frac{a_2}{2}{T}^2---\left(5\right)$

In Fig. 4, V _GS20(T)=V _BE(T)+R ₄.I (T), I _VBE(T ^m)=β [V _GS20(T)-V _Thn] ², with (2) formula and (5) formula difference substitution following formula, we can obtain the arrangement back:

$I_{\mathrm{VBE}}\left(T^m\right)=\mathrm{\β}{(a_0+\frac{a_2}{2}-V_{\mathrm{thn}})}^2-2\mathrm{\β}(a_0+\frac{a_2}{2}-V_{\mathrm{thn}})(a_1-R_{4}C)T-\mathrm{\β}[a_2(a_0+\frac{a_2}{2}-V_{\mathrm{thn}})-{(a_1-R_{4}C)}^2]T^2$

$+\mathrm{\β}{a}_2(a_2-R_{4}C)T^3+\frac{a_2\mathrm{\β}}{4}{T}^4$

$=b_0-b_{1}T-b_2{T}^2+\mathrm{\β}{a}_2(a_1-R_{4}C)T^3+\frac{a_2\mathrm{\β}}{4}{T}^4---\left(6\right)$

Wherein, $b_0=\mathrm{\β}{(a_0+\frac{a_2}{2}-V_{\mathrm{thn}})}^2,b_1=2\mathrm{\β}(a_0+\frac{a_2}{2}-V_{\mathrm{thn}})(a_1-R_{4}C),b_2=\mathrm{\β}{[a_2(a_0+\frac{a_2}{2}-V_{\mathrm{thn}})-{(a_1-R_{4}C)}^2]}^2.$

In (6) formula, if we make " a ₁=R ₄C ", I then _VBE(T ^m) three rank temperatures coefficient be zero.So it is zero negative temperature parameter current (current value raises with temperature and reduces) that our circuit structure by Fig. 4 has produced one three rank temperature coefficient.

So far, we needed three be used for high-order temperature compensated electric current and all produced, be respectively I (T), I (T ²) and I _VBE(T ^m).

The PMOS pipe M1 that PMOS pipe M16 in the ratio summing circuit and the positive temperature-compensated current of single order produce in the circuit constitutes current mirror, PMOS pipe M18 in PMOS pipe M17 and the three rank negative temperature compensating current generating circuits constitutes current mirror, the positive temperature-compensated current of the second order of PMOS pipe own produces the part of circuit, is used to produce the positive temperature-compensated current of second order.Obviously, according to the electric current superposition principle, the electric current that flows through NMOS pipe M11 can be expressed as:

I _REF(T)＝I(M11)＝I(T)+I(T ²)+I _VBE(T ^m) (m≠3) (1)

That is, with (2), (3), (6) formula substitution (1) formula, then the reference current of circuit output can be write as:

$I_{\mathrm{REF}}\left(T^m\right)=(b_0+\mathrm{\β}{V}_{\mathrm{thp}}^2)+[(1-2\mathrm{\β}{R}_2|V_{\mathrm{thp}}\left|\right)C-b_1]\·T+(\mathrm{\β}{R}_2^2{C}^2-b_2)\·T^2$

$+\mathrm{\β}{a}_2(a_1-R_{4}C)\·T^3+\frac{a_2\mathrm{\β}}{4}\·T^4---\left(7\right)$

Because a ₀, a ₁, a ₂And b ₀, b ₁, b ₂, the value of C all is a constant.So, from (7) formula as can be seen, if we are by setting a ₀, a ₁, a ₂And b ₀, b ₁, b ₂, the value of C can be removed single order temperature coefficient, second-order temperature coefficient and the three rank temperatures coefficient of output reference electric current (being that temperature coefficient is zero).Thereby obtain through high-order temperature compensated current reference source with very high temperature stability.

Shown in Figure 8 is the output temperature family curve of circuit shown in Figure 6.Show through the HSPICE simulation results, when temperature can be low to moderate 0.7ppm/ ℃ at the temperature coefficient of the current reference source output of-10 ℃～+ 150 ℃ of this kind structures.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of negative temperature compensating current generating circuit, form by a NMOS pipe (M20), a resistance (R4) and a PNP triode (Q3), it is characterized in that, the grid of described NMOS pipe (M20) is connected to the emitter of PNP triode (Q3), the base stage and the collector common ground of its source electrode and PNP triode (Q3) by resistance (R4); Input current I (T) (I (T)=CT, wherein C is an arbitrary constant) is from the tie point input of the grid and the resistance (R4) of NMOS pipe (M20), output current I _VBE(T ^m) export from the drain electrode of NMOS pipe (M20); Described resistance (R4) and described PNP triode (Q3) satisfy relational expression: $\frac{V_{g0}-V_{\mathrm{BE}}}{T_0}-\frac{k(\mathrm{\η}-1)}{q}\ln T=C{R}_4,$ In the formula, V _G0Be the BE ligament crack reference voltage of PNP triode (Q3), V _BE(T ₀) be T=T ₀The time PNP triode (Q3) the BE junction voltage, R ₄Be the resistance of resistance (R4), C be with I (T)=CT formula in identical constant.

2, a kind of negative temperature compensating current generating circuit, form by a PMOS pipe (M21), a resistance (R4) and a PNP triode (Q3), it is characterized in that, the base stage of PNP triode (Q3) links to each other with the collector short circuit and with the grid of PMOS pipe (M21), and its emitter links to each other with the source electrode of PMOS pipe (M21) by resistance (R4) and connects external power supply; Input current I (T) (I (T)=CT, wherein C is an arbitrary constant) is from the collector input of PNP triode (Q3), output current I _VBE(T ^m) from the drain electrode output of PMOS pipe (M21), described resistance (R4) and described PNP triode (Q3) satisfy relational expression: $\frac{V_{g0}-V_{\mathrm{BE}}\left(T_0\right)}{T_0}-\frac{k(\mathrm{\η}-1)}{q}\ln T=C{R}_4,$ In the formula, V _G0Be the BE ligament crack reference voltage of PNP triode (Q3), V _BE(T ₀) be T=T ₀The time PNP triode (Q3) the BE junction voltage, R ₄Be the resistance of resistance (R4), C be with I (T)=CT formula in identical constant.

3, a kind of high order temperature compensation current reference source, it is characterized in that, comprising: start-up circuit, the positive temperature-compensated current of single order produce circuit, the positive temperature-compensated current of second order produces circuit, three rank negative temperature compensating current generating circuits, ratio summing circuit and output circuit; Described start-up circuit provides the startup bias voltage for the positive temperature-compensated current of single order produces circuit, the positive temperature-compensated current of second order produces circuit, three rank negative temperature compensating current generating circuits and ratio summing circuit; The positive temperature-compensated current of described single order produces circuit and produces a positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T), and its temperature characteristics is a straight line; The positive temperature-compensated current of described second order produces circuit and produces the positive temperature-compensated current I of a second order (T ²), its temperature characteristics is the quafric curve that an opening makes progress; Described three rank negative temperature compensating current generating circuits produce one three rank negative temperature compensating current I _VBE(T ^m), its temperature characteristics is a quafric curve that Open Side Down; Described ratio summing circuit is sued for peace positive temperature-compensated current of single order, second order and three rank negative temperature compensating currents that single order, the positive temperature-compensated current generation circuit of second order and three rank negative temperature compensating current generating circuits are produced in proportion; The electric current of described output circuit output after high-order temperature compensated.

4, a kind of high order temperature compensation current reference source according to claim 3 is characterized in that,

Described start-up circuit comprise NMOS pipe (MS2) and three PMOS manage (MS1, MS3, MS4); The source ground of NMOS pipe (MS2); (source electrode MS4) connects external power supply to the PMOS pipe for MS1, MS3; The grid of NMOS pipe (MS2) is connected with the grid of PMOS pipe (MS1), simultaneously the output terminal of concatenation operation amplifier (OP); The drain electrode of NMOS pipe (MS2) is connected with the drain electrode of PMOS pipe (MS1), connects the grid of PMOS pipe (MS3 and MS4) simultaneously; The drain electrode of PMOS pipe (MS3) is connected to the emitting stage of PNP triode (Q2), and the drain electrode of PMOS pipe (MS4) connects the drain electrode of NMOS pipe (M13);

Described single order negative temperature compensating current I (T) produce circuit comprise two PMOS pipes (M1, M2), two PNP triode pipes (Q1, Q2) and a resistance (R1) and an operational amplifier (OP); Two PMOS pipe (M1, M2) constitute current mirror, its source electrode is connected with external power supply, its grid is connected to the output terminal (being the output terminal of operational amplifier (OP)) that the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produces circuit jointly, the positive input terminal of operational amplifier (OP) is linked in the drain electrode of PMOS pipe (M1), and the negative input end of operational amplifier (OP) is linked in the drain electrode of PMOS pipe (M2); PNP manages (Q1, base stage Q2) and collector short circuit and common ground; PNP pipe (Q1) emitter is by the positive input terminal of resistance (R1) concatenation operation amplifier (OP); The negative input end of PNP pipe (Q2) emitter connecting resistance operational amplifier;

The positive temperature-compensated current I of described second order (T ²) produce circuit comprise two PMOS pipes (M12, M15), two NMOS pipes (M13, M14) and a resistance (R2); (M13 M14) forms current mirroring circuit to PMOS pipe (M12) jointly with the NMOS pipe; The drain electrode of PMOS pipe (M12) is connected with the drain electrode of NMOS pipe (M13), the source electrode of PMOS pipe (M12) connects external power supply, and the grid of PMOS pipe (M12) connects the output terminal (being the output terminal of operational amplifier (OP)) that the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produces circuit; The drain electrode of NMOS pipe (M13) is connected the grid that connects NMOS pipe (M14) simultaneously with grid, (M13, source electrode M14) are connected to ground to the NMOS pipe jointly; The drain electrode of NMOS pipe (M14) connects an end of resistance (R2), connects the grid of PMOS pipe (M15) simultaneously; The source electrode of the other end of resistance (R2) and PMOS pipe (M15) is connected to external power supply jointly, and the drain electrode of PMOS pipe (M15) connects output circuit;

Described three rank negative temperature compensating current I _VBE(T ^m) produce circuit comprise two PMOS pipes (M18, M19), a NMOS pipe (M20), a PNP pipe (Q3), two resistance (R3, R4); The grid of NMOS pipe (M20) connects resistance (R4), the other end of resistance (R4) connects the emitter of PNP pipe (Q3), PNP is managed the base stage of (Q3) and collector short circuit and with the source electrode common ground of NMOS pipe (M20), the drain electrode of NMOS pipe (M20) connects the drain electrode of PMOS pipe (M18); PMOS pipe (M18) is the diode connected mode, and the source electrode of PMOS pipe (M18) connects external power supply; The grid of PMOS pipe (M20) connects an end of resistance (R3), an other end of resistance (R3) connects the drain electrode of PMOS pipe (M19), the grid of PMOS pipe (M19) connects the output terminal (being the output terminal of operational amplifier (OP)) that the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produces circuit, and source electrode connects external power supply;

Described ratio summing circuit comprise three PMOS pipe (M15, M16, M17); Three PMOS pipes (M15, M16, M17) source electrode interconnection; The grid of PMOS pipe (M16) connects the output terminal (being the output terminal of operational amplifier (OP)) that the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produces circuit; PMOS pipe (M15) itself is exactly the part that the positive temperature-compensated current I of second order (T2) produces circuit, and also as the part of ratio summing circuit, the grid of PMOS pipe (M15) connects the drain electrode of NMOS pipe (M14) simultaneously; (drain electrode interconnection M17) is as the output terminal of ratio summing circuit for M15, M16 for three PMOS pipes;

Described output circuit comprises a NMOS pipe (M11), its source ground, the interconnection of its drain and gate and connect the ratio summing circuit output terminal (be three PMOS pipe＜M15 that interconnect in the ratio summing circuit, M16, M17 〉) drain electrode), electric current output outwards is provided.

5, a kind of high order temperature compensation current reference source according to claim 3 is characterized in that,

Described start-up circuit comprise NMOS pipe (MS2) and three PMOS manage (MS1, MS3, MS4); The source ground of NMOS pipe (MS2); (source electrode MS4) connects external power supply to the PMOS pipe for MS1, MS3; The grid of NMOS pipe (MS2) is connected with the grid of PMOS pipe (MS1), simultaneously the output terminal of concatenation operation amplifier (OP); The drain electrode of NMOS pipe (MS2) is connected with the drain electrode of PMOS pipe (MS1), connects the grid of PMOS pipe (MS3 and MS4) simultaneously; The drain electrode of PMOS pipe (MS3) is connected to the emitting stage of PNP triode (Q2), and the drain electrode of PMOS pipe (MS4) connects the drain electrode of NMOS pipe (M13);

Described single order negative temperature compensating current I (T) produce circuit comprise two PMOS pipes (M1, M2), two PNP triode pipes (Q1, Q2) and a resistance (R1) and an operational amplifier (OP); Two PMOS pipe (M1, M2) constitute current mirror, its source electrode is connected with external power supply, its grid is connected to the output terminal (being the output terminal of operational amplifier (OP)) that the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produces circuit jointly, the positive input terminal of operational amplifier (OP) is linked in the drain electrode of PMOS pipe (M1), and the negative input end of operational amplifier (OP) is linked in the drain electrode of PMOS pipe (M2); PNP manages (Q1, base stage Q2) and collector short circuit and common ground; PNP pipe (Q1) emitter is by the positive input terminal of resistance (R1) concatenation operation amplifier (OP); The negative input end of PNP pipe (Q2) emitter connecting resistance operational amplifier;

The positive temperature-compensated current I of described second order (T ²) produce circuit comprise two PMOS pipes (M12, M15), two NMOS pipes (M13, M14) and a resistance (R2); (M13 M14) forms current mirroring circuit to PMOS pipe (M12) jointly with the NMOS pipe; The drain electrode of PMOS pipe (M12) is connected with the drain electrode of NMOS pipe (M13), the source electrode of PMOS pipe (M12) connects external power supply, and the grid of PMOS pipe (M12) connects the output terminal (being the output terminal of operational amplifier (OP)) that the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produces circuit; The drain electrode of NMOS pipe (M13) is connected the grid that connects NMOS pipe (M14) simultaneously with grid, (M13, source electrode M14) are connected to ground to the NMOS pipe jointly; The drain electrode of NMOS pipe (M14) connects an end of resistance (R2), connects the grid of PMOS pipe (M15) simultaneously; The source electrode of the other end of resistance (R2) and PMOS pipe (M15) is connected to external power supply jointly, and the drain electrode of PMOS pipe (M15) connects output circuit;

Described three rank negative temperature compensating current I _VBE(T ^m) produce circuit and comprise a NMOS pipe (M19), a PMOS pipe (M21), a PNP pipe (Q3), two resistance (R3, R4).The base stage of PNP triode (Q3) links to each other with the collector short circuit and with the grid of PMOS pipe (M21), its emitter links to each other with the source electrode of PMOS pipe (M21) by resistance (R4) and connects external power supply, and its collector links to each other by the drain electrode of resistance (R3) with NMOS pipe (M19); The source ground of NMOS pipe (M19), its grid links to each other with the grid of NMOS pipe (M13, M14); The drain electrode of PMOS pipe (M21) connects output circuit; Input current I (T) (I (T)=CT, wherein C is an arbitrary constant) is from the collector input of PNP triode (Q3), output current I _VBE(T ^m) from the drain electrode output of PMOS pipe (M21), described resistance (R4) and described PNP triode (Q3) satisfy relational expression: $\frac{V_{g0}-V_{\mathrm{BE}}}{T_0}-\frac{k(\mathrm{\η}-1)}{q}\ln T=C{R}_4,$ In the formula, V _G0Be the BE ligament crack reference voltage of PNP triode (Q3), V _BE(T ₀) be T=T ₀The time PNP triode (Q3) the BE junction voltage, R ₄Be the resistance of resistance (R4), C be with I (T)=CT formula in identical constant;

Described ratio summing circuit comprise three PMOS pipe (M15, M16, M17); Three PMOS pipes (M15, M16, M17) source electrode interconnection; The grid of PMOS pipe (M16) connects the output terminal (being the output terminal of operational amplifier (OP)) that the positive temperature-compensated current I of single order (T) produces circuit; PMOS pipe (M15) itself is exactly the positive temperature-compensated current I of second order (T ²) produce the part of circuit, also as the part of ratio summing circuit, the grid of PMOS pipe (M15) connects the drain electrode of NMOS pipe (M14) simultaneously; (drain electrode interconnection M17) is as the output terminal of ratio summing circuit for M15, M16 for three PMOS pipes;

Described output circuit comprises a NMOS pipe (M11), its source ground, the interconnection of its drain and gate and connect the ratio summing circuit output terminal (be three PMOS pipe＜M15 that interconnect in the ratio summing circuit, M16, M17 〉) drain electrode), electric current output outwards is provided.

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