CN1771199A - 二氧化钛纳米管及其制造方法 - Google Patents
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000516 sunscreening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
- C01G23/053—Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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Abstract
一种二氧化钛纳米管及其制造方法,该二氧化钛纳米管,适用于光传感器及气体传感器,长度为1μm或1μm以上,优选直径为0.1μm或0.1μm以下,长宽比为100或100以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及二氧化钛纳米管(titania nanotube)及其制造方法。
背景技术
自从碳纳米管被发现以来,关于多种物质制造纳米管的可能性进行了探讨。其结果确认了以二氧化钛(TiO2)来制造纳米管。二氧化钛是具有光催化活性的物质之一,纳米管形状的二氧化钛,与其粉末相比,具有更高的光催化活性,因此被期待着有各种各样的应用。
作为这样的纳米管,已知直径为5~80nm、长度为50~150nm的纳米管(特开平10-152323号公报)。
但是,公报中所记载的二氧化钛纳米管,并不能满足于作为光传感器和气体传感器使用。
在这种情况下,本发明人为了开发适用于光传感器及气体传感器的二氧化钛纳米管,经过仔细探讨,完成了本发明。此外,本发明人也仔细探讨了二氧化钛纳米管的制造方法,使本发明得以完成。
即,本发明提供了一种二氧化钛纳米管,其长度为1μm或1μm以上。
此外,本发明提供了一种传感器(sensor),该传感器具有长度为1μm或1μm以上的二氧化钛纳米管和电极,并且二氧化钛纳米管和电极相连。
进一步地,本发明提供了一种二氧化钛纳米管的制造方法。该方法包括在60℃或60℃以上的温度将二氧化钛粉末分散在氢氧化钠水溶液中的步骤。
本发明中提供的二氧化钛纳米管,除了用于光传感器、气体传感器以外,还可以用于金属材料或树脂材料的强化材料。此外,采用这种二氧化钛纳米管的本发明的传感器可以用于监视机械工业或化学工业的制造装置的状况。并且,按照本发明的制造方法,可以很容易地得到这种二氧化钛纳米管。
具体实施方案
本发明的二氧化钛纳米管长度为1μm或1μm以上。从处理或加工的观点来说,二氧化钛纳米管的长度优选10μm或10μm以上,更优选100μm或100μm以上。另一方面,长度的上限虽然没有特定的限制,但通常为50mm或50mm以下,优选10mm或10mm以下。
本发明二氧化钛纳米管的断面通常为圆形,其直径优选0.1μm或0.1μm以下。直径的下限虽然没有特定的限制,但通常为5nm或5nm以上,优选8nm或8nm以上。直径小的二氧化钛纳米管用作传感器时,因其检测灵敏度提高,因此优选;用作金属材料或树脂材料的强化材料时,因强化母材的效果提高,因此优选。传感器的灵敏度提高的原因,虽然尚不明确,但推测为,由于直径变小,二氧化钛纳米管的比表面积增大,二氧化钛表面或里面的状态发生变化,这种影响所致。关于强化效果提高的原因,虽然也不明确,但推测为,二氧化钛纳米管之间易于相互缠绕,这种影响所致。
此外,本发明的二氧化钛纳米管,长宽比优选100或100以上。另一方面,长宽比的上限虽然没有特定的限制,通常约为108,优选约10000。长宽比是指二氧化钛长轴方向的长度L与最大宽度D(横截面为圆形时指直径)的比值L/D。
本发明的二氧化钛纳米管,除了用作传感器或强化材料以外,还可以用作光催化剂、紫外线吸收遮蔽剂、防晒剂、光电池用材料、导电性填充物、骨填充材料等。
本发明的传感器,具有长度为1μm或1μm以上的二氧化钛纳米管和电极(该电极的另一端与外部控制装置相连,起到传达二氧化钛纳米管的电学变化的作用),并且二氧化钛纳米管和电极相连。作为传感器的具体例子,如紫外传感器、红外传感器、可见光传感器之类的光传感器、以及气体传感器等。在光传感器中,由于二氧化钛纳米管的电学性质(导电性)因光照射量而变化,所以可以通过测定该变化求出光照射量。此外,在气体传感器中,由于二氧化钛纳米管的电学性质(导电性)因其管内吸附特定的气体分子而变化,所以可以通过测定该变化求出气体浓度。
与二氧化钛纳米管相连的电极,可以使用如金、铂或者银的线材。
本发明二氧化钛纳米管的制造方法,包括将二氧化钛粉末分散在氢氧化钠水溶液中的步骤。
制造中所用的二氧化钛粉末,可以列举例,如金红石型、锐钛矿型的二氧化钛(TiO2)。二氧化钛粉末的平均粒径优选50nm或50nm以下,更优选20nm或20nm以下,进一步优选10nm或10nm以下。另一方面,平均粒径的下限虽然没有特定的限制,但通常在约3nm或3nm以上,优选约6nm或6nm以上。此时的平均粒径以BET比表面积径表示,由二氧化钛粉末的真密度(g/cm3)与其BET比表面积(m2/g),根据下式来求出:
6/(BET比表面积×真密度)
氢氧化钠水溶液中氢氧化钠的浓度通常约为1M(摩尔/升)或1M以上,优选约3M或3M以上,更优选约7M或7M以上;此外,通常约为15M或15M以下,优选约13M或13M以下,更优选约12M或12M以下。
氢氧化钠水溶液和二氧化钛粉末的用量比为,相对于氢氧化钠水溶液100重量份,二氧化钛粉末的量通常约为0.01重量份或0.01重量份以上。此外,通常约为0.1重量份或0.1重量份以下,优选约0.04重量份或以下。
在60℃或60℃以上的温度下进行分散。分散时的氢氧化钠水溶液的温度优选约为90℃或90℃以上,更优选约100℃或100℃以上,此外优选约为120℃或120℃以下。分散时间通常约为1小时或1小时以上~约50小时或50小时以下。分散可以在常压(约0.08MPa~约0.12MPa)或减压(不足约0.08MPa)的条件下进行。
分散通常可以通过搅拌或者超声波照射进行,优选通过搅拌进行。具体来说,分散可以通过下述方法进行:将二氧化钛粉末和氢氧化钠水溶液加入到带有搅拌机的容器中,搅拌容器内的混合物的方法;将二氧化钛粉末和氢氧化钠水溶液混合后,采用超声波照射该混合物的方法;或者组合应用上述方法。
分散可以在对大气开放的容器中进行,也可以在密闭容器中进行。在氢氧化钠水溶液的水蒸汽分压高的条件下进行分散时,优选采用开放容器通过回流还原气化水进行操作,或者采用耐压的密闭容器。
通过分散得到的二氧化钛,通常在冷却到室温后从氢氧化钠水溶液中分离出来。分离可以通过过滤、倾析等方法进行。分离后的二氧化钛优选洗涤。洗涤可以按照例如下述方法进行:将二氧化钛与盐酸、硝酸等无机酸混合,中和二氧化钛中残留的氢氧化钠后,对所得浆状物进行固液分离(滤过、倾析等),得到的固体在水中进行再制浆(re-pulp)。
洗涤后的固体充分干燥后,也可以进一步在大气中加热。通过这些操作,可以提高二氧化钛纳米管的结晶性。
实施例
以下通过实施例说明本发明,但本发明并不局限于这些实施例。
实施例1
将10M氢氧化钠水溶液100重量份和二氧化钛粉末(テイカ制,金红石型,平均粒径10nm)0.0187重量份加入到PTFE容器中。在通过磁力搅拌器搅拌容器内混合物的同时,加热到110℃,并在110℃下保持20小时。
保持后,将容器内的混合物移入离心沉降管中,通过离心沉降使固体沉降后,除去上清液。往离心沉降管中加入蒸馏水混合后,通过离心沉降使固体沉降,通过此方法洗涤固体。
将得到的固体与0.1N硝酸混合,通过离心沉降使固体沉降,除去上清液后,将该固体与蒸馏水混合,然后使固体沉降,除去上清液,反复操作直到上清液的pH值变为7,得到二氧化钛纳米管。
上述二氧化钛纳米管,通过SEM(日立制作所制,S-510型)及TEM(日立制作所制,H-9000型)进行观察,结果表明长度为120μm,直径为50nm,长宽比为2400。
实施例2
在实施例1中,作为原料二氧化钛粉末,采用二氧化钛粉末(石原产业制,锐钛矿型,平均粒径6nm),除此之外的其他操作同实施例1。得到的二氧化钛纳米管长度为120μm,直径50nm,长宽比为2400。
比较例1
在实施例1中,采用氢氧化钙代替氢氧化钠,除此之外的其他操作同实施例1。得到的固体为粒状,未生成二氧化钛纳米管。
Claims (13)
1.一种二氧化钛纳米管,其长度为1μm或1μm以上。
2.权利要求1所述的二氧化钛纳米管,其直径为0.1μm或0.1μm以下。
3.权利要求1或2所述的二氧化钛纳米管,其长宽比为100或100以上。
4.一种传感器,其具有权利要求1~3中任意一项所述的二氧化钛纳米管和电极,并且二氧化钛纳米管和电极相连。
5.二氧化钛纳米管的制造方法,该方法包括在60℃或更高温度下将二氧化钛粉末分散在氢氧化钠水溶液中的步骤。
6.权利要求5所述的方法,其中二氧化钛粉末的平均粒径为50nm或50nm以下。
7.权利要求5或6所述的方法,其中相对于氢氧化钠水溶液100重量份,二氧化钛粉末的量为0.01重量份~0.1重量份。
8.权利要求5~7中任意一项所述的方法,其中氢氧化钠水溶液中氢氧化钠的浓度为1M~15M。
9.权利要求8所述的方法,其中氢氧化钠水溶液中氢氧化钠的浓度为3M~13M。
10.权利要求9所述的方法,其中氢氧化钠水溶液中氢氧化钠的浓度为7M~12M。
11.权利要求5~10中任意一项所述的方法,其中分散在90℃~120℃的温度下进行。
12.权利要求5~11中任意一项所述的方法,其中分散通过搅拌或超声波照射进行。
13.权利要求12所述的方法,其中分散通过搅拌进行。
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Cited By (4)
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CN102062750A (zh) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-05-18 | 大连理工大学 | 一种基于二氧化钛纳米管阵列的室温甲醛气体传感器 |
CN105873853A (zh) * | 2013-09-16 | 2016-08-17 | 南洋理工大学 | 长形钛酸盐纳米管及其合成方法和用途 |
CN108927102A (zh) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-04 | 山东科技大学 | 一种二氧化钛纳米管材料的制备方法及应用 |
CN112921427A (zh) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-06-08 | 上海朗亿功能材料有限公司 | 改性二氧化钛纳米管、导电母粒和纤维、制备方法及应用 |
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JP4585212B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-19 | 2010-11-24 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | ナノチューブ形状を有するチタニア及びその製造方法 |
JP4719848B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-24 | 2011-07-06 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | 遷移金属酸化物ナノチューブ |
US7931812B2 (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2011-04-26 | University Of Arkansas Technology Development Foundation | TiO2 nanostructures, membranes and films, and applications of same |
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JPS6428692A (en) | 1987-07-24 | 1989-01-31 | Nippon Denki Home Electronics | Contrast display circuit for monochromatic display device |
JPH0624977B2 (ja) * | 1988-05-11 | 1994-04-06 | 石原産業株式会社 | 針状二酸化チタン及びその製造方法 |
JPH072598A (ja) * | 1993-05-12 | 1995-01-06 | Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha Ltd | 針状酸化チタンの製造方法 |
JPH07242422A (ja) * | 1994-03-08 | 1995-09-19 | Titan Kogyo Kk | 微粒子針状酸化チタンおよびその製造方法 |
JP3983533B2 (ja) | 1996-09-30 | 2007-09-26 | 中部電力株式会社 | 結晶チタニア |
JP3513738B2 (ja) | 1996-09-30 | 2004-03-31 | 中部電力株式会社 | ナノチューブ体のチタニアの製造方法 |
US6027775A (en) | 1996-09-30 | 2000-02-22 | Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc. | Crystalline titania and process for producing the same |
JP4109809B2 (ja) | 1998-11-10 | 2008-07-02 | キヤノン株式会社 | 酸化チタンを含む細線の製造方法 |
JP2003034531A (ja) | 2000-05-19 | 2003-02-07 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | ナノチューブあるいはナノワイヤー形状を有する金属酸化物とその製造方法 |
US20050255315A1 (en) | 2002-12-21 | 2005-11-17 | Shinsuke Yamanaka | Oxide nanostructure, method for producing same, and use thereof |
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CN105873853A (zh) * | 2013-09-16 | 2016-08-17 | 南洋理工大学 | 长形钛酸盐纳米管及其合成方法和用途 |
CN108927102A (zh) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-04 | 山东科技大学 | 一种二氧化钛纳米管材料的制备方法及应用 |
CN112921427A (zh) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-06-08 | 上海朗亿功能材料有限公司 | 改性二氧化钛纳米管、导电母粒和纤维、制备方法及应用 |
CN112921427B (zh) * | 2021-04-02 | 2023-09-12 | 上海朗亿功能材料有限公司 | 改性二氧化钛纳米管、导电母粒和纤维、制备方法及应用 |
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US8184930B2 (en) | 2012-05-22 |
WO2004092072A1 (ja) | 2004-10-28 |
DE112004000507T5 (de) | 2006-10-19 |
CN100548889C (zh) | 2009-10-14 |
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US20060193766A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
TW200422261A (en) | 2004-11-01 |
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