CN1768463A - 适配器 - Google Patents

适配器 Download PDF

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CN1768463A
CN1768463A CNA2004800088873A CN200480008887A CN1768463A CN 1768463 A CN1768463 A CN 1768463A CN A2004800088873 A CNA2004800088873 A CN A2004800088873A CN 200480008887 A CN200480008887 A CN 200480008887A CN 1768463 A CN1768463 A CN 1768463A
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adapter
power supply
remote equipment
coil
contactless power
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CN100405694C (zh
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D·W·巴曼
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TONGDA COMMERCIAL GROUP INTERNATIONAL CO
Access Business Group International LLC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F5/00—Coils
    • H01F5/02—Coils wound on non-magnetic supports, e.g. formers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • H02J13/00024—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission by means of mobile telephony
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • H02J13/00026—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission involving a local wireless network, e.g. Wi-Fi, ZigBee or Bluetooth
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00028—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00034—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F5/00—Coils
    • H01F5/02—Coils wound on non-magnetic supports, e.g. formers
    • H01F2005/027—Coils wound on non-magnetic supports, e.g. formers wound on formers for receiving several coils with perpendicular winding axes, e.g. for antennae or inductive power transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/44—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for aircrafts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Power Sources (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)

Abstract

一种适配器允许远程设备使用无接点电源。该适配器具有用于从无接点电源接收功率的无接点电源接口，以及用于为远程设备供电的功率调节器。该适配器可具有用于操作适配器和功率调节器的可再充电电源。

Description

适配器
                    相关申请
本申请要求2003年2月4日提交的David W.Baarman的题为“自适应感应耦合的镇流器电路”的美国临时申请No.60/444794的优先权和利益。该在先申请的全部公开内容通过引用结合于此。本申请是题为“感应供电的装置”的美国申请No.10/357932的部分继续申请，该在先申请的公开内容通过引用结合于此。
本申请通过引用结合了在同日提交并转让给与本申请同一受让人的以下申请：自适应感应电源，序列号为10/689499；电感线圈装置，序列号为10/689224；静电荷存储装置，序列号为10/689154，以及，具有通信的自适应感应电源，序列号为10/689148。
技术领域
本发明一般涉及电子设备，且更具体地说，涉及无接点电源以及与电子设备的通信。
背景技术
CPS(无接点电源)在没有任何物理连接的情况下为远程设备供电。自适应CPS允许同时将电力提供给多个不同的远程设备。这样，可同时从同一自适应CPS对CD播放器、MP3播放器和蜂窝电话中的所有供电。自适应CPS的一个主要优点是使用户不用维护为系统供电的一系列充电装置、电缆和电池。使用CPS和适当配备的远程设备，不需要用于每台远程设备的单独充电器、电缆和电池。
然而，这些远程设备必须构建有从CPS获得功率的能力。存在许多在使用中还没有明确构造使用CPS的远程设备。
某些远程设备诸如MP3播放器需要与工作站通信。在将这种远程设备连接到工作站时，用户在远程设备和工作站之间连接电缆。电缆的使用还弄乱了工作站周围的工作区，并引起了增加的问题。
非常需要一种使不具有CPS电源接口的这些远程设备能够使用CPS的适配器。同样非常需要一种使远程设备还能够接入工作站的适配器。
发明内容
一种用于将远程设备与可再充电电源耦合的适配器具有无接点电源接口和用于为远程设备供电的功率调节器。
所述适配器可具有为适配器供电的可再充电电源，诸如电池。所述适配器还可具有用于与无接点电源通信的第一收发器。
所述适配器可具有用于与远程设备通信的第二收发器。备选地，所述适配器可仅具有发射器。
无接点电源接口可包括可变阻抗元件，诸如可变电感器。控制器耦合到可变阻抗元件，并可改变该可变阻抗元件的阻抗。控制器响应来自无接点电源的指令改变可变阻抗元件的阻抗。
操作适配器可包括从远程设备获取充电信息，并然后将充电信息提供给无接点电源。然后向远程设备供电。备选地，适配器可具有预先加载了特定远程设备功率信息的存储器。
如果配备了第一和第二收发器，则适配器建立适配器与远程设备之间的第一通信链路。该适配器建立适配器与远程设备之间的第二通信链路。然后适配器接收来自该适配器的功率需求信息，并将该功率需求信息发送到无接点电源。
当自适应电源接口具有可调元件时，则将无接点电源设置为可调元件的最佳设置。如果可调元件是可变电感器，则确定可调元件最佳设置的步骤包括确定可变电感器的最佳电感设置。
即使远程设备没明确设计为用无接点电源操作，但适配器和操作适配器的方法也允许远程设备使用无接点电源。此外，适配器允许远程设备连接到附在无接点电源上的工作站。
通过参考附图的详细描述，将更容易了解和理解本发明的这些和其它目的、优点和特征。
附图说明
图1示出了适配器、远程设备和CPS；
图2示出了与计算机工作站接口连接的CPS系统和配备有CPS接口的远程设备；
图3示出了远程设备CPS接口的框图；
图4是CPS接口的操作方法；
图5是适配器的备选实施例；
图6是CPS接口的电路图；
图7是具有半波整流器的CPS接口的电路图；
图8是具有全波整流器的CPS接口的电路图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了通过适配器14连接到远程设备12的CPS10。远程设备12可以是笔记本电脑、PDA(个人数字助理)、蜂窝电话、MP3(运动图像专家组第三层音频)播放器、或无数便携式电子设备中的任一种。CPS10通过适配器14为远程设备12供电。此外，如果和许多远程设备一样远程设备12具有通信总线，则CPS10可通过适配器14直接与远程设备12通信。
图2示出了连接到PC(个人计算机)16的CPS10。PC16耦合到网络18。网络18可以是LAN(局域网)、WAN(广域网)或互联网。个人计算机16可通过CPS10与远程设备12通信。根据本实施例，远程设备12可通过适配器14和CPS10与PC16和可选地网络18通信。
图3示出了CPS10、适配器14和远程设备12的框图。远程设备可再充电电源20为远程设备12供电。可再充电设备电源监控器22监视可再充电电源20的操作。可再充电设备电源监控器22和远程设备可再充电电源20可以是通常称为“智能电池”或“智能化电池”的现代可再充电电池的部件。在智能电池中，可再充电设备电源监控器22可提供与远程设备可再充电电源20的操作和功率需求相关的信息，诸如温度、最大电流、电压、剩余电荷以及完成充电的预计时间。已经提出了对智能电池提供的信息的进一步增强。例如，美国专利5572110包含几个对可监控的有关智能电池操作的信息的增强。
通信链路24是在远程设备12内提供的通信链路。通信链路24可以是USB、RS-232、串行、单线、双线或任何其它合适的通信链路。通信链路24可连接到远程设备12的系统管理总线，或直接连接到可再充电设备电源监控器22。
远程设备12还可包含提供远程设备12独特功能性的许多其它系统。
PC16通过PC接口30连接到CPS10。PC接口30可以是任何类型的接口，诸如USB(通用串行总线)、火线、RS-232、并行线、蓝牙、WIFI或允许两台或更多台设备之间双向通信的任何其它接口。
CPS控制器32具有许多不同的功能。其通过PC接口30控制PC16的通信。它还控制CPS电源接口34的操作。在转让给本申请受让人的发明人为David Baarman的申请“自适应感应电源”(其内容通过引用结合于此)中更充分描述了CPS电源接口34的一个实施例。CPS控制器32可调节CPS电源接口34的频率、占空比和谐振频率。
CPS控制器32还控制收发器36的操作。CPS收发器36可使用许多不同类型的通信协议。CPS收发器36可与CPS电源接口34完全分开，并可具有其自身的通信天线和通信协议。备选地，它可与CPS电源接口结合，并可通过许多PLC(电源线通信)协议中的任一个与远程设备通信。
适配器14包含适配器控制器38。适配器控制器38控制适配器14的各种部件。适配器控制器38可以是编程为执行下文所述功能的大量遍用微控制器诸如Intel 8051或Motorola 6811中的任一个，或那些微控制器的许多变形中的任一个。适配器控制器38的芯片上可具有ROM(只读存储器)和RAM(随机存取存储器)。适配器控制器38可具有用于控制适配器14内各种功能的一系列模拟输出和数字输出。
适配器控制器38连接到无接点电源接口40。备选地，适配器控制器38可以是与微控制器相关联的微处理器。
无接点电源接口40可包括谐振振荡电路。如果无接点电源接口包含谐振振荡电路，则适配器控制器38可控制其中无接点电源接口40的谐振频率，以及无接点电源接口40是否耦合到适配器14中的任何其它设备。为了改变振荡电路的谐振频率，无接点电源接口40将调节可变阻抗元件的阻抗。如果可变阻抗元件是可变电感器，则将改变该可变电感器的电感。
无接点电源接口40连接到适配器可再充电电源42。适配器可再充电电源42是适配器14的电源。适配器可再充电电源42可包括常规的可再充电电池或微型电容器。微型电容器由于其非常短的充电时间因此是优选的。
适配器收发器44允许与CPS收发器36通信。适配器收发器44和CPS收发器36将使用同一协议和通信方法。适配器控制器38通过适配器收发器44管理通信。
备选地，适配器收发器44可以仅仅是发射器。在此情况下，是仅有限的信息被发送到收发器36，诸如远程设备12的功耗信息。远程设备12或适配器14的功耗信息可存储在存储器50中。在此情况下，适配器收发器44可以仅是RFID(射频识别)设备。
第二收发器46通过连接远程设备远程设备收发器24来提供与远程设备12的通信路径。与远程设备远程设备收发器24的连接可以是物理的。由此，可通过远程设备远程设备收发器24、适配器第二收发器46、适配器收发器44、CPS收发器36和PC接口30在PC16和远程设备12之间传送信息。
功率调节器48为远程设备可再充电电源20供电。功率调节器48可包含分立部件，或者它可以是专用于电压、电流和/或功率调节的单个集成电路。可由适配器控制器38开启或断开功率调节器48。此外，适配器控制器38可将功率调节器48的电压和电流输出控制到远程设备可再充电电源20。
存储器50耦合到适配器控制器38。存储器50包含与远程设备12相关的信息。存储器50还可选择地包含标识远程设备12的标识号。例如，存储器50可包含指示适配器14与特定类型PDA(诸如Palm Pilot)共同使用的标识号。
在此情况下，然后该标识号可由CPS10使用来从查找表中确定关于适配器14和远程设备12的功率使用信息。
图4示出了CPS10、远程设备12和适配器14的操作。从外部电源(未示出)为CPS10供电，并且CPS10给CPS电源接口34通电。将无接点电源接口40置于通电的CPS 10附近导致适配器可再充电电源42的充电，步骤100。显然，如果已经对适配器可再充电电源42充电了，则不发生进一步充电。一旦将足够的电荷存储在适配器可再充电电源42内，则使适配器控制器38、适配器第二收发器46以及适配器收发器44通电，步骤102。
然后在CPS10和适配器14之间建立数据通信链路，步骤104。然后在适配器14和远程设备12之间建立第二数据通信链路，步骤106。此时，从远程设备12获得充电信息，步骤108。充电信息可包括可再充电电源20内的剩余电量、重新为可再充电电源20充电的时间、为可再充电电源20充电的远程设备12的电压需求以及为可再充电电源20充电的远程设备12的电流需求。然后适配器14将该充电信息提供给CPS10，步骤110。
然后CPS10计算无接点电源接口40的最佳设置，步骤112。CPS10可将上述信息提供给适配器14。备选地，适配器14可从远程设备12检索类似信息，步骤114。然后适配器控制器38配置无接点电源接口40，步骤116。可能可再充电电源20被充电，或者不能被充电。在此情况下，CPS 10将适配器14配置为不向远程设备12供电。
如果无接点电源接口40包括可调谐振振荡电路，则适配器控制器38可配置该可调谐振振荡电路的谐振频率。
此时，如果需要，则开始可再充电电源20的充电，步骤118。然后适配器14检验CPS10，以确定CPS是否具有为远程设备12充电的足够能力，步骤120。如果不具有，则充电停止，步骤122。如果具有，则适配器14根据远程设备12确定充电是否应该继续，步骤124。如果不继续，则充电停止，步骤122。
此时，从远程设备12检索充电信息，并重复该过程，步骤108。
图5示出了适配器的另一实施例。外壳140密封次级绕组142、充电电路144和可再充电电源146。次级绕组142从CPS10接收功率。次级绕组142可以是具有三个正交排列的绕组的三轴绕组，这在转让给本申请受让人的、发明人为David W.Baarman和Terry L.Lautzenheiser的题为“电感线圈装置”的专利申请中更充分描述了。
充电电路144以适当形式为可再充电电源146供电。可再充电电源146例如可以是超级电容器或可再充电电池。接插件148、150允许将适配器作为电池的替代物置于远程设备内。例如，如果远程设备使用12伏干电池，则外壳140将具有与12伏干电池相同的形状和配置。由此，适配器将是该12伏干电池的简易替代物。备选地，如果远程设备使用600MA锂离子电池，则外壳140和电接插件148、150将配置为具有与该特定电池类似的外观和操作。
如果远程设备具有诸如USB或火线端口的通信端口，则图5中所示的适配器可配备有无线收发器152。无线收发器152可通过CPS10接收信息，并将信息发送到工作站。无线收发器152连接到软件保护器154。软件保护器154提供有软件保护器接插件156。软件保护器接插件156将放入远程设备的通信端口中。从而启动了远程设备和CPS之间的通信。
图6-8示出了适配器14的三个实施例的电路图。在这些实施例中，适配器14仅为远程设备12供电。适配器14包括多个沿不同方向的线圈，以在远程设备处于CPS产生的电磁场内的不同方向时提供改进的耦合。
图6示出了用于连接到远程设备的适配器。如所示，三个线圈202、204、206并联连接到负载。可正交配置这三个线圈，如转让给本申请受让人并与本申请同日提交的专利申请“电感线圈装置”中描述的。电容器206、208、210和二极管212、214、216与各线圈200、202、204串联连接。选择各部件的值以提供谐振频率。在功率调节器218的输入端组合在每个线圈202、204、206内感应的功率。备选地，可从电路680中去掉二极管212、214、216，以为功率调节器218提供AC电。功率调节器218调节在端子220、222处可得到的电压和电流。端子220、222用于连接到远程设备的功率输入。
图7示出了使用半波整流器从三个独立线圈240、242、244接收功率的适配器。如所示，线圈240、242、244通过与各线圈240、242、244串联连接的一组二极管248、250、252、254、256、258并联连接到功率调节器246。在本实施例中，主要基于功率调节器246的特性确定每个二极管248、250、252、254、256、258的值。功率调节器246在端子241、243处提供相对恒定的电压和电流输出。此外，电容器260、262、264串联连接在线圈240、242、244的一侧与相应的二极管250、254、258之间。还主要基于负载特性来确定每个电容器260、262、264的值。
图8示出在适配器内使用的全波整流器。如所示，线圈270、272、274通过一组二极管278、280、282、284、286、288、290、292、294、296、298、300并联连接到功率调节器276。在本实施例中，主要基于功率调节器276的特性确定每个二极管278、280、282、284、286、288、290、292、294、296、298、300的值。功率调节器276在端子271、273处提供相对恒定的电压和电流输出。此外，每个电容器302、304、306都串联连接在各自线圈270、272、274的一侧与对应的二极管282、284、290、292、296、300之间。还主要基于功率调节器276的特性确定每个电容器302、304、306的值。
即使当从线圈得到的功率操作在不同频率时，功率调节器218、246、276也能够在它们各自的输出端提供恒定电压和恒定电流。CPS10可以不同频率提供功率。由此，在适配器的各个线圈中感应的电流和电压也具有不同的电流和电压。功率调节器218、246、276设计为适应由线圈产生的电流和电压的不同。
以上描述是优选实施例。在不脱离所附权利要求书中定义的本发明的精神和更宽方面的前提下，可进行各种更改和改变，将根据包含等效学说的专利法原则来解释所附权利要求书。以单数对权利要求元件的任何引用，例如使用冠词“一个”、“该”或“所述”，都不应解释为将该元件限制为单数。

Claims (46)

1.一种用于具有远程设备可再充电电源的远程设备的适配器，包括：
无接点电源接口，用于接收来自无接点电源的功率；
功率调节器，用于为所述远程设备供电；以及
可再充电电源，用于为所述适配器供电。
2.如权利要求1所述的适配器，还包括用于与所述无接点电源通信的收发器。
3.如权利要求2所述的适配器，还包括控制器，所述控制器控制所述功率调节器。
4.如权利要求3所述的适配器，还包括用于与所述远程设备通信的通信链路。
5.如权利要求4所述的适配器，其中所述无接点电源接口包括可变阻抗元件，所述可变阻抗元件具有阻抗。
6.如权利要求5所述的适配器，其中所述控制器耦合到所述可变阻抗元件，且所述控制器能够改变所述可变阻抗元件的所述阻抗。
7.如权利要求6所述的适配器，其中所述可变阻抗元件是可变电感器。
8.如权利要求7所述的适配器，其中所述控制器响应来自所述无接点电源的指令改变所述可变电感器的阻抗。
9.如权利要求8所述的适配器，其中所述适配器包括次级绕组。
10.如权利要求9所述的适配器，其中所述控制器耦合到存储器。
11.如权利要求10所述的适配器，其中所述存储器包括标识符。
12.如权利要求11所述的适配器，其中所述适配器可从所述远程设备获得功率需求。
13.一种连接到远程设备的适配器，所述远程设备具有远程设备可再充电电源，所述适配器包括：
无接点电源接口，用于接收来自无接点电源的功率；
功率调节器，用于向所述远程设备供电，以便为所述远程设备可再充电电源充电；以及
接收器，用于与所述无接点电源通信。
14.如权利要求13所述的适配器，还包括次级绕组。
15.如权利要求14所述的适配器，还包括电源。
16.如权利要求15所述的适配器，还包括控制器，所述控制器控制所述功率调节器。
17.如权利要求16所述的适配器，还包括用于与所述远程设备通信的通信链路。
18.如权利要求17所述的适配器，其中所述无接点电源接口包括可变阻抗元件。
19.如权利要求18所述的适配器，其中所述控制器耦合到所述可变阻抗元件，并且所述控制器可改变所述可变阻抗元件的阻抗。
20.如权利要求19所述的适配器，其中所述可变阻抗元件是可变电感器。
21.如权利要求20所述的适配器，其中所述控制器响应来自所述无接点电源的指令改变所述可变电感器的电感。
22.如权利要求21所述的适配器，其中所述控制器耦合到存储器。
23.一种操作适配器的方法，用于用来自无接点电源的功率为远程设备包含的远程设备可再充电电源再充电，所述方法包括以下步骤：
从所述远程设备获得充电信息；
将所述充电信息提供给所述无接点电源；以及
向所述远程设备供电。
24.如权利要求23所述的方法，还包括所述无接点电源接收来自所述远程设备功率需求信息的步骤。
25.如权利要求24所述的方法，其中所述适配器具有用于与所述无接点电源通信的第一收发器，所述方法还包括建立所述适配器与所述无接点电源之间第一通信链路的步骤。
26.如权利要求25所述的方法，其中所述适配器通过第一通信链路发送来自所述远程设备的所述功率需求信息。
27.如权利要求26所述的方法，其中所述适配器具有用于与所述远程设备通信的第二收发器，所述方法还包括建立所述适配器与所述远程设备之间第二通信链路的步骤。
28.如权利要求27所述的方法，还包括所述适配器通过第二通信链路向所述无接点电源发送所述功率需求信息的步骤。
29.如权利要求28所述的方法，其中所述适配器包括无接点电源接口，并且所述无接点电源接口具有可调元件，所述方法还包括确定所述可调元件最佳设置的步骤。
30.如权利要求29所述的方法，其中所述可调元件是可变电感器，并且确定所述可调元件最佳设置的所述步骤包括确定所述可变电感器的最佳电感设置。
31.如权利要求30所述的方法，还包括确定所述可再充电电源是否被充电的步骤。
32.一种用于从无接点电源向远程设备供电的适配器，包括：
次级绕组，其具有第一线圈、第二线圈和第三线圈，每个线圈与其它线圈基本正交，以及
功率调节器。
33.如权利要求32所述的适配器，还包括与第一线圈耦合的第一电容器、与第二电容器耦合的第二电容器以及与第三电容器耦合的第三电容器。
34.如权利要求33所述的适配器，还包括耦合到所述次级绕组、用于将所述次级绕组中感应的AC信号转换为DC的整流器。
35.如权利要求34所述的适配器，其中所述整流器是半波整流器。
36.如权利要求34所述的适配器，其中所述整流器是全波整流器。
37.如权利要求34所述的适配器，其中所述整流器包括与第一线圈串联的第一二极管、与第二线圈串联的第二二极管以及与第二线圈串联的第三二极管。
38.如权利要求37所述的适配器，其中第一电容器与第一线圈及第一二极管串联，第二电容器与第二线圈及第二二极管串联，并且第三电容器与第三线圈及第三二极管串联。
39.如权利要求38所述的适配器，还包括与第一线圈串联的第四二极管、与第二线圈串联的第五二极管以及与第三线圈串联的第六二极管。
40.一种用于具有可移动电源的远程设备的适配器，包括：
以与所述可移动电源相同配置排列的电接插件；以及
用于接收来自无接点电源的功率并为所述电接插件供电的次级绕组。
41.如权利要求40所述的适配器，还包括连接到所述电接插件的可再充电电源。
42.如权利要求41所述的适配器，还包括耦合到所述可再充电电源和所述次级绕组的充电电路。
43.如权利要求42所述的适配器，其中所述次级绕组包括三个正交绕组。
44.如权利要求42或43所述的适配器，还包括用于启动所述远程设备和所述无接点电源之间通信的收发器。
45.如权利要求44所述的适配器，还包括连接到所述收发器、用于将所述收发器连接到所述远程设备上通信端口的软件保护器。
46.如权利要求45所述的适配器，还包括连接到所述软件保护器、用于插入到所述通信端口的软件保护器接插件。
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