CN1768128A - 导电润滑剂组合物 - Google Patents
导电润滑剂组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1768128A CN1768128A CNA2004800088360A CN200480008836A CN1768128A CN 1768128 A CN1768128 A CN 1768128A CN A2004800088360 A CNA2004800088360 A CN A2004800088360A CN 200480008836 A CN200480008836 A CN 200480008836A CN 1768128 A CN1768128 A CN 1768128A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lubricant composition
- conductive lubricant
- compound
- composition
- oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 polyol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000006686 (C1-C24) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003443 succinic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007520 diprotic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 125000000565 sulfonamide group Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 33
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 11
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000006702 (C1-C18) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-Methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical class OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanolamine Chemical compound NCCCO WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- MYMSJFSOOQERIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCBr MYMSJFSOOQERIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1 RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000263 2,3-dihydroxypropyl (Z)-octadec-9-enoate Substances 0.000 description 2
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-GDCKJWNLSA-N 3-oleoyl-sn-glycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-GDCKJWNLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LUFPJJNWMYZRQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylsulfanylmethylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CSCC1=CC=CC=C1 LUFPJJNWMYZRQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005066 dodecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monoelaidin Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWUZCAVKPCRJPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-4-(6-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(NCC)=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=C(C)C=C2S1 KWUZCAVKPCRJPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LVZUNTGFCXNQAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-nonyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CCCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LVZUNTGFCXNQAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940059574 pentaerithrityl Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCN DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylbenzene Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GPOGLVDBOFRHDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-nonylphenyl) dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OP(O)O GPOGLVDBOFRHDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006659 (C1-C20) hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006736 (C6-C20) aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFSHUZFNMVJNKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycerol Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC AFSHUZFNMVJNKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydrostilbene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFSHUZFNMVJNKX-LLWMBOQKSA-N 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](CO)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC AFSHUZFNMVJNKX-LLWMBOQKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIIXMZQZEAAIJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-amino-3-phenylpropan-2-ol Chemical compound NCC(O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JIIXMZQZEAAIJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIXJLJIOHUCFAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminododecan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)CN VIXJLJIOHUCFAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHJOEPMHSNXADF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminoicosan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)CN GHJOEPMHSNXADF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMKOFRJSULQZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromooctane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCBr VMKOFRJSULQZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexanamine Chemical compound CCCCCCN BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 2,3-bis[[(z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoyl]oxy]propyl (z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpent-1-ene Chemical group CC(=C)CC(C)(C)C FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIFHTUIYFKXCAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dioctylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CCO)CCCCCCCC BIFHTUIYFKXCAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XULHFMYCBKQGEE-MRXNPFEDSA-N 2-Hexyl-1-decanol Natural products CCCCCCCC[C@H](CO)CCCCCC XULHFMYCBKQGEE-MRXNPFEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIZIOHLLYXVEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[benzyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CC1=CC=CC=C1 MIZIOHLLYXVEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVNHOISKXMSMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[butyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCN(CCO)CCO GVNHOISKXMSMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKFNBVMJTSYZDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[dodecyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(CCO)CCO NKFNBVMJTSYZDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IVIIAEVMQHEPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridodecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCC IVIIAEVMQHEPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJDVGKCBHFINOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-methylphenoxy)-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=S)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C RJDVGKCBHFINOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVETUDAIEHYIKZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N tris[(z)-octadec-9-enyl] phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOP(=O)(OCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC SVETUDAIEHYIKZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010698 whale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- VWGNBDXPMRWFAD-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;didodecoxy-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCOP([S-])(=S)OCCCCCCCCCCCC.CCCCCCCCCCCCOP([S-])(=S)OCCCCCCCCCCCC VWGNBDXPMRWFAD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种导电润滑剂组合物，其特征在于，该组合物含有除硅油以外的润滑基油(A)和非金属抗静电剂(B)，并且该组合物表现出40℃下25mm2/s或者更小的动力粘度，100或者更高的粘度指数，150℃或者更高的闪点,25℃下1×1010Ω.cm或者更小的体积电阻率。本发明还提供了由上述润滑剂组合物构成的轴承油。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种导电润滑剂组合物，更具体地讲涉及一种适用于轴承油，例如适合液压轴承油或者油浸烧结轴承油的导电润滑剂组合物。
背景技术
在近几年里，由于滚柱轴承实现了无声运转并且具有耐久性，人们通常使用滚柱轴承，例如液压轴承和油浸烧结轴承，作为用于磁盘、光盘等主轴电动机的轴承。
在上述轴承中，轴与轴承内表面不直接接触，而是以润滑剂为介质与轴承内表面相接触，该润滑剂承受了施加到轴上的负载，由此降低轴与轴承之间的摩擦。
因此，轴承的性能主要取决于润滑油的性能。
在滚柱轴承中应用的润滑油的性能要求包括粘度、耐久性和抗静电特性。
在这些要求中，粘度是决定主轴电动机电力损失与轴承耐久性的主要因素。近年来逐年趋向于增加在信息相关装置(特别是CD装置、DVD装置、HDD类和激光打印机(多面镜))中使用的主轴发动机转速(至范围在10000-50000rpm)，为了减少在高速运转过程中的电力损失，人们选择了低粘度的润滑油。
通常，当润滑油粘度减少时，蒸发油的量增大。
因此，当使用低粘度润滑油时，润滑油的损失增加，从而导致润滑失效，更严重的情况是损坏轴承。
在上述情况下，人们已经提出了既满足低粘度又满足低挥发性的多种轴承润滑基油；例如，酯化合物(日本专利申请公开(kokai)No.11-315292，第一页)，单酯(同上，No.2000-63860，第一页)，碳酸酯(同上，No.2001-107046，第一页)，聚(α-烯烃)与酯的结合使用(同上，No.2001-172656，第一页和No.2001-240885，第一页)，二酯与多元醇酯的结合使用(同上，No.2001-279284，第一页)，新戊二醇酯(同上，No.2001-316687，第一页)，芳族酯或者二酯(同上，No.2002-97482，第一页)，单酯(同上，No.2002-146381，第[0007]段)，由草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸等生成的特定二酯(同上，No.2002-155944，第一页)。
同时，在滚柱轴承中，轴与轴承被润滑油膜完全分离。
因此，由于流体运动，趋向于产生静电。当释放由此产生的静电时，重要的电子零件与磁性零件(例如，硬盘驱动器的磁旋转头)会发生紊乱。
因此，在精密设备(例如磁盘装置)中使用的滚柱轴承的静电电荷必须被释放到地表，由此保护电子零件与磁性零件免受静电的损害。
根据这种观点，上述常规的轴承润滑油依旧存在问题：尽管常规轴承润滑油满足了低粘度与低挥发性要求，但是由于具有成问题的大体积电阻率，很容易导致静电生成。
为了解决上述问题，已经报道加入金属或者金属氧化物导电微粒的润滑油(参见，例如，日本专利申请公开(kokai)No.10-30096，第一页；或者No.11-315292，第[0023]段)。然而，当使用含有这种微粒的润滑油时，在电动机启动与停止过程中固体表面存在的微粒会造成轴承的异常磨损。
还已提出以有机金属盐(例如磺酸盐、苯酚盐、或者水杨酸盐)替代这种金属颗粒的润滑油(参见日本专利申请公开(kokai)2001-234187，第一页)。
然而，只有在大量加入时，上述有机金属盐抗静电剂才表现出抗静电性。
此外，在长期使用润滑油过程中，该抗静电剂成问题地产生了不溶于润滑油的无机盐(淤渣)。
本发明已经完成了解决上述问题的尝试，本发明的目的在于提供一种不损害滚柱轴承油性能、防止由于流体运动产生的异常磨损、淤渣生成、静电出现的导电润滑剂组合物。
发明内容
为了实现上述目的，本发明人进行了广泛研究，并且发现，通过向润滑油加入非金属抗静电剂，并且将特定特性限定在特定范围内，可以实现上述目的。基于上述发现已经实现了本发明。
相应地，本发明提供了一种导电润滑剂组合物，其特征在于，该组合物含有除硅油以外的润滑基油(A)和非金属抗静电剂(B)，并且该组合物表现出40℃下25mm2/s或者更小的动力粘度，100或者更高的粘度指数，150℃或者更高，优选200℃或者更高的闪点，25℃下1×1010Ω.cm或者更小的体积电阻率。
本发明还提供了含有上述润滑剂组合物的轴承油。
本发明的优选实施方式
本发明的导电润滑剂组合物含有润滑基油(A)和非金属抗静电剂(B)。该组合物必须至少满足下列特性要求(1)-(4)。
(1)本发明的润滑剂组合物主要表现出40℃下25mm2/s或者更小，优选22mm2/s或者更小，特别优选10mm2/s或者更小的动力粘度。
当动力粘度大于25mm2/s时，该润滑基油具有过高的粘度，由此不能获得充足的节电效果。
(2)本发明的润滑剂组合物主要表现出100或者更高，优选120或者更高，更优选125或者更高，特别优选130或者更高的粘度指数。
当粘度指数小于100时，随温度变化的粘度变化增大。
(3)本发明的润滑剂组合物主要表现出150℃或者更高的闪点(由COC方法测定)。
当闪点小于150℃时，在使用过程中会蒸发掉大量的润滑基油，由此缩短了润滑剂组合物的使用期限。
(4)本发明润滑剂组合物主要表现出25℃下1×1010Ω.cm或者更小的体积电阻率。
当体积电阻率超过1×1010Ω.cm时，抗静电性能减弱。
此外，本发明的润滑基油优选表现出按照JIS K2265测定的-30℃或者更低，更优选-40℃或者更低的倾点。
在满足上述要求的本发明润滑剂组合物中作为成份(A)使用的润滑基油优选含有由碳、氢、氧构成的化合物(在下文中该化合物被称为“含氧化合物”)。
具有地讲，该含氧化合物优选是醚醚、酯、含有碳酸酯部分的化合物，特别优选的是醚化合物。
优选使用的酯化合物的具体实例包括由多元醇(例如新戊二醇、三羟甲基丙烷或者季戊四醇)与脂肪酸缩合生成的多元醇酯；由二元酸(例如己二酸或者癸二酸)与一元醇缩合生成的二酯；由脂肪酸与一元醇生成的单酯。
醚化合物优选是由下式(I)表示的任意化合物或者其混合物。
R1-O-(R2-O)a-(R3-O)b-(R4-O)c-R5 (I)
在式(I)中，R1和R5分别表示氢、C1-C24烷基、苯基、或者C7-C24烷芳基；R2、R3和R4分别表示C2-C18亚烷基；a、b和c分别是0-8(优选0-5)；并且a至c的总和是0-8(优选0-5)。
单元(R2-O)、(R3-O)和(R4-O)彼此之间可以相同或者不同。
由R1或者R5表示的烷基可以是直链型、支链型、或者是环型。烷基的实例包括甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、己基、2-乙基己基、3，5，5-三甲基己基、庚基、辛基、3，7-二甲基辛基、壬基、2-戊基壬基、癸基、2-辛基十一烷基、十二烷基、环戊基和环己基。在这些实例中特别优选的是2-乙基己基、3，5，5-三甲基己基、辛基、3，7-二甲基辛基、壬基、2-戊基壬基、癸基和2-辛基十一烷基。
由R1或者R5表示的烷芳基实例包括烷苯基和烷萘基。烷芳基的烷基部分实例包括上述的基团。在这些基团中特别优选的是辛基、癸基和十二烷基。
由R2、R3、或者R4表示的亚烷基可以是直链型、支链型、或者是环型。亚烷基的实例包括亚乙基、亚丙基、亚丁基、亚己基、亚壬基、亚癸基、亚十二烷基、亚环戊基和亚环己基。在这些实例中特别优选的是亚乙基、亚丙基、亚丁基、亚己基、亚壬基和亚癸基。
醚化合物优选的是由式(II)表示的单醚化合物。
R6-O-R7 (II)
在式(II)中，R6和R7之一是C1-C24烷基，另一个是C1-C24烷基、苯基、或者C7-C24烷芳基。
由式(I)和式(II)表示的醚化合物可以单独使用，或者结合使用。
这些醚化合物可以与酯化合物结合使用。
基于烃基材料，醚化合物与/或酯化合物可以以总量20-80质量％引入。
除了含氧化合物外，本发明的润滑基油还可以含有任意多种烃化合物。
在这种情况下，润滑基油必须满足上述要求(1)-(4)。
对于与含氧化合物混合的烃化合物没有特殊限制，只要烃化合物不损害本发明润滑基油的效果。烃化合物的实例包括矿物油(例如，80中性矿物油)、聚(α-烯烃)(例如，100℃下粘度等级为4mm2/s或者8mm2/s)、乙烯-丙烯共聚物、烷基苯(例如，丙基苯和丁基苯)。在这些实例中优选的是聚(α-烯烃)。
本发明的润滑基油排除硅油。
排除的原因是，尽管硅油满足了上述要求，但是硅油表现出很差的润滑特性。
在本发明中，加入润滑基油(A)中的非金属抗静电剂(B)优选的是胺衍生物、琥珀酸衍生物、聚(氧化烯)二醇或者多元醇偏酯。基于组合物总量，抗静电剂的优选加入量是0.01-10质量％。
胺衍生物的特定实例包括由下式表示的聚(氧乙烯)烷基胺：
(其中R8表示C1-C18烷基)；由下式表示的聚(氧乙烯)烷基酰胺：
(其中R9表示C1-C18烷基)；由多亚乙基亚胺(例如，四亚乙基五胺(TEPE))与脂肪酸生成的缩合物。在这些实例中优选的是TEPE与硬脂酸生成的缩合物。
优选的琥珀酸衍生物实例包括聚丁烯基琥珀酰亚胺。
聚(氧化烯)二醇优选的是由式(III)表示的化合物或者其混合物。
R1-O-(R2-O)d-(R3-O)e-(R4-O)f-R5 (III)
在式(III)中，R1-R5具有与式(I)中定义相同的含义；d、e、f分别是0-50；d-f的总和是9-50。
单元(R2-O)、(R3-O)和(R4-O)彼此可以相同或者不同。
在这些化合物中，更优选的是聚(氧乙烯)烷基醚R10O(CH2CH2O)nH(其中R10表示C1-C18烷基，n是1-10的数字)；聚(氧乙烯)烷基苯基醚R11-Q-O-(CH2CH2O)nH(其中R11是C1-C18烷基，Q表示芳族残基，n是1-10的数字)；聚(氧化乙烯)二醇脂肪酸酯R12-COO(CH2CH2O)nH(其中R12是C1-C18烷基，n是1-10的数字)。
多元醇偏酯的实例包括脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯，例如由下式表示的脱水山梨糖醇单油酸酯和脱水山梨糖醇二油酸酯：
(其中R13是C1-C18烷基，n和m分别是1-10的数字)；甘油脂肪酸酯，例如由下式表示的甘油单油酸酯和甘油二油酸酯：
(其中R14是C1-C18烷基，n和m分别是1-10的数字)；由多羟酯，例如戊二醇、三羟甲基丙烷或者季戊四醇与C1-C24脂肪酸生成的偏酯化合物。
从低粘度、低挥发性、耐热性与抗静电性的角度出发，在本发明范围内的润滑剂组合物中，特别优选的是含有带有烷基的单醚(成份A)、由四亚乙基五胺与脂肪酸(例如硬脂酸)生成的缩合产物(成份B)的润滑剂组合物。
优选的是，除了上述添加剂以外，根据需要可以向本发明的润滑基油加入其它添加剂，由此生成所需用途的润滑剂组合物。
可以使用任何公知的添加剂，其实例包括如下文所述的抗氧化剂、油性剂、减摩剂、防锈剂、金属钝化剂、消泡剂、粘度指数改进剂。
(1)抗氧化剂的实例包括胺基抗氧化剂、苯酚基抗氧化剂、硫化合物。
胺基抗氧化剂的实例包括单烷基二苯基胺，例如单辛基二苯基胺和单壬基二苯基胺；二烷基二苯基胺，例如4，4’-二丁基二苯基胺、4，4’-二戊基二苯基胺、4，4’-二己基二苯基胺、4，4’-二庚基二苯基胺、4，4’-二辛基二苯基胺和4，4’-二壬基二苯基胺；多烷基二苯基胺，例如四丁基二苯基胺、四己基二苯基胺、四辛基二苯基胺和四壬基二苯基胺；萘胺，例如α-萘胺、苯基-α-萘胺、丁基苯基-α-萘胺、戊基苯基-α-萘胺、己基苯基-α-萘胺、庚基苯基-α-萘胺、辛基苯基-α-萘胺、壬基苯基-α-萘胺。在这些实例中优选的是二烷基二苯基胺。
可以单独使用上述的胺基抗氧化剂，或者结合使用上述两种或者多种的胺基抗氧化剂。
苯酚基抗氧化剂的实例包括单苯酚抗氧化剂，例如2，6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2，6-二叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚、2，6-二叔丁基-对甲酚；二苯酚抗氧化剂，例如4，4’-亚甲基双(2，6-二叔丁基苯酚)和2，2’-亚甲基双(4-乙基-6-叔丁基苯酚)。
可以单独使用上述苯酚基抗氧化剂，或者结合使用上述两种或者多种。
硫化合物的实例包括吩噻嗪、季戊四醇-四(3-月桂基硫代丙酸酯)、双(3，5-叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)硫化物、硫代二亚乙基双(3-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯和2，6-二叔丁基-4-(4，6-双(辛基硫代)-1，3，5-三嗪-2-甲氨基)苯酚。
基于组合物的总量，抗氧化剂的优选加入量是0.01-10质量％，特别优选0.03-5质量％。
(2)油性剂的实例包括脂族饱和与不饱和的一元羧酸，例如硬脂酸和油酸；聚合的脂肪酸，例如二聚体酸和氢化的二聚体酸；羟基脂肪酸，例如蓖麻油酸和12-羟基硬脂酸；脂族饱和与不饱和的一元醇，例如月桂醇与油醇；脂族饱和与不饱和的一元胺，例如硬脂胺与油基胺；脂族饱和与不饱和的一元酰胺，例如月桂酰胺和油酰胺。
基于组合物的总重量，油性剂优选加入量是0.01-10质量％，特别优选0.1-5质量％。
(3)可以使用的减摩剂实例包括通常用做油性剂或者耐极压剂的试剂，更具体的讲，磷酸酯、磷酸酯胺盐和含硫的耐极压剂。
磷酸酯包括由下式(IV)-(VIII)表示的磷酸酯、酸式磷酸酯、亚磷酸酯、酸式亚磷酸酯：
(其中R15-R17彼此可以相同或者不同，每一个表示C4-C30烷基、链烯基、烷芳基、或者芳烷基)。
磷酸酯的实例包括磷酸三芳基酯、磷酸三烷基酯、磷酸三烷芳基酯、磷酸三芳烷基酯和磷酸三链烯基酯。具体的实例包括磷酸三苯基酯、磷酸三(甲苯基)酯、磷酸苄基二苯基酯、磷酸乙基二苯基酯、磷酸三丁基酯、磷酸乙基二丁基酯、磷酸甲苯基二苯基酯、磷酸二甲苯基苯基酯、磷酸乙苯基二苯基酯、磷酸二(乙苯基)苯基酯、磷酸丙苯基二苯基酯、磷酸二(丙苯基)苯基酯、磷酸三乙苯基酯、磷酸三(丙苯基)酯、磷酸丁苯基二苯基酯、磷酸二丁苯基苯基酯、磷酸三丁苯基酯、磷酸三己基酯、磷酸三(2-乙基己基)酯、磷酸三癸基酯、磷酸三月桂基酯、磷酸三肉豆蔻基酯、磷酸三棕榈基酯、磷酸三硬脂基酯和磷酸三油基酯。
酸式磷酸酯的实例包括酸式磷酸2-乙基己基酯、酸式磷酸乙酯、酸式磷酸丁酯、酸式磷酸油基酯、酸式磷酸二十四烷基酯、酸式磷酸异癸基酯、酸式磷酸月桂酯、酸式磷酸十三烷基酯、酸式磷酸硬脂酯和酸式磷酸异硬脂酯。
亚磷酸酯的实例包括亚磷酸三乙酯、亚磷酸三丁酯、亚磷酸三苯酯、亚磷酸三甲苯基酯、亚磷酸三(壬基苯基)酯、亚磷酸三(2-乙基己基)酯、亚磷酸三癸基酯、亚磷酸三月桂酯、亚磷酸三异辛基酯、亚磷酸二苯基异癸基酯、亚磷酸三硬脂酯和亚磷酸三油基酯。
酸式亚磷酸酯的实例包括亚磷酸二丁基氢酯、亚磷酸二月桂基氢酯、亚磷酸二油基氢酯、亚磷酸二硬脂基氢酯和亚磷酸二苯基氢酯。
在这些磷酸酯中，优选的是磷酸三甲苯基酯和磷酸三苯基酯。
与磷酸酯生成胺盐的胺类实例包括由式(IX)表示的一取代胺、二取代胺、三取代胺：
R18 pNH3-P ......(IX)
(其中R18表示C3-C30烷基基团或者链烯基、C6-C30芳基或者芳烷基或者C2-C30羟烷基；p是1，2或者3；当存在多个R18时，R18彼此可以相同或者不同)。
式(IX)中R18表示的C3-C30烷基或者链烯基可以是直链型、支链型，或者环型。
一取代胺的实例包括丁胺、戊胺、己胺、环己胺、辛胺、月桂胺、硬脂胺、油基胺和苯甲胺。二取代胺的实例包括二丁胺、二戊胺、二己胺、二环己胺、二辛胺、二月桂胺、二硬脂胺、二油基胺、二苯甲胺、硬脂基一乙醇胺、癸基一乙醇胺、己基一丙醇胺、苄基一乙醇胺、苯基一乙醇胺和甲苯基一丙醇胺。三取代胺的实例包括三丁基胺、三戊基胺、三己基胺、三环己基胺、三辛基胺、三月桂基胺、三硬脂胺、三油基胺、三苄基胺、二油基单乙醇胺、二月桂基单丙醇胺、二辛基单乙醇胺、二己基单丙醇胺、二丁基单丙醇胺、油基二乙醇胺、硬脂基二丙醇胺、月桂基二乙醇胺、辛基二丙醇胺、丁基二乙醇胺、苄基二乙醇胺、苯基二乙醇胺、甲苯基二丙醇胺、(二甲苯基)二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺和三丙醇胺。
含硫耐极压剂可以是分子中含有硫原子的任何化合物，条件是该化合物溶解或者均匀分散于润滑基油中，并且表现出耐极压性能与优异的摩擦特性。
含硫化合物的实例包括硫化脂肪与油、硫化脂肪酸、硫化酯、硫化烯烃、二烃基多硫化物、噻二唑化合物、硫代磷酸酯(硫代亚磷酸酯和硫代磷酸酯)、烷基硫代氨甲酰基化合物、硫代氨基甲酸酯化合物、硫代萜烯化合物和硫代二丙酸二烷基酯化合物。
通过将脂肪或者油(例如猪油、鲸油、植物油或者鱼油)与硫或者含硫化合物反应，生成硫化的脂肪与油。尽管对于含硫量没有特殊限制，含硫量优选是5-30质量％。
具体实例包括硫化的猪油、硫化的菜籽油、硫化的蓖麻油、硫化的大豆油和硫化的米糠油。
硫化脂肪酸的实例包括硫化的油酸。硫化酯的实例包括硫化的油酸甲酯、硫化的米糠脂肪酸辛基酯。
硫化烯烃的实例包括由下式(X)表示的化合物：
R19-Sq-R20 ......(X)
(其中R19表示C2-C15链烯基，R20表示C2-C15烷基或者链烯基；q是1-8的整数)。
通过C2-C15烯烃或者其二聚体至四聚体与硫化剂(例如硫或者氯化硫)反应，生成上述化合物。优选的烯烃是丙烯、异丁烯、二异丁烯。
二烃基多硫化物的实例包括由下式(XI)表示的化合物：
R21-Sr-R22 ......(XI)
(其中R21和R22彼此可以相同或者不同，并且分别表示C1-C20烷基或者环烷基、C6-C20芳基、C7-C20烷芳基、或者C7-C20芳烷基；r是1-8的整数)。
当R21和R22都是烷基时，该化合物称为烷基硫化物。
由式(XI)中R21或者R22表示的基团实例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基、十二烷基、环己基、环辛基、苯基、萘基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、苄基和乙氧苯基(phenetyl)。
优选的二烃基多硫化物实例包括二苄基多硫化物、二壬基多硫化物、十二烷基多硫化物、二丁基多硫化物、二辛基多硫化物、二苯基多硫化物、二环己基多硫化物。
优选的噻二唑化合物实例包括由下式(XII)表示的1，3，4-噻二唑、1，2，4-噻二唑化合物和1，4，5-噻二唑：
(其中R23和R24分别表示氢原子、C1-C20烃基团；f和g分别是0-8的整数)。
优选噻二唑化合物的具体实例包括2，5-双(正己基二硫代)-1，3，4-噻二唑、2，5-双(正辛基二硫代)-1，3，4-噻二唑、2，5-双(正壬基二硫代)-1，3，4-噻二唑、2，5-双(1，1，3，3-四甲基丁基二硫代)-1，3，4-噻二唑、3，5-双(正己基二硫代)-1，2，4-噻二唑、3，5-双(正辛基二硫代)-1，2，4-噻二唑、3，5-双(正壬基二硫代)-1，2，4-噻二唑、3，5-双(1，1，3，3-四甲基丁基二硫代)-1，2，4-噻二唑、4，5-双(正己基二硫代)-1，2，3-噻二唑、4，5-双(正辛基二硫代)-1，2，3-噻二唑、4，5-双(正壬基二硫代)-1，2，3-噻二唑和4，5-双(1，1，3，3-四甲基丁基二硫代)-1，2，3-噻二唑。
硫代磷酸酯的实例包括三硫代亚磷酸烷基酯、硫代磷酸芳基酯或者烷芳基酯、二月桂基二硫代磷酸锌盐；特别优选的是三硫代亚磷酸月桂酯、硫代磷酸三苯基酯。
烷基硫代氨甲酰基化合物的实例包括由下式(XIII)表示的化合物：
(其中R25-R28分别表示C1-C20烷基；h是1-8的整数)。
优选的烷基硫代氨甲酰基化合物的实例包括双(二甲基硫代氨甲酰基)单硫化物、双(二丁基硫代氨甲酰基)单硫化物、双(二甲基硫代氨甲酰基)二硫化物、双(二丁基硫代氨甲酰基)二硫化物、双(二戊基硫代氨甲酰基)二硫化物和双(辛基硫代氨甲酰基)二硫化物。
硫代氨基甲酸酯化合物的实例包括二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌。硫代萜烯化合物的实例包括五硫化磷与蒎烯的反应产物。二烷基硫代二丙酸的实例包括二月桂基硫代二丙酸酯和二硬脂基硫代二丙酸酯。
从耐极压性能、摩擦特性、抗热氧化稳定性等角度出发，在这些实例中优选的是噻二唑化合物与苄基硫醚。
基于组合物的总量，摩擦改进剂的优选加入量是0.01-10质量％，特别优选的是0.05-5质量％。
当用量小于0.01质量％时，由于与其它成份的协同效应，摩擦特性的改进不够充分，然而，当用量超过10质量％时，无法获得与加入量相匹配的效应改进。
(4)可以使用的防锈剂实例包括烷基与链烯基琥珀酸酯衍生物，例如十二碳烯基琥珀酸半酯、十八碳烯基琥珀酸酐和十二碳烯基琥珀酸酰胺；多元醇偏酯，例如脱水山梨糖醇单油酸酯、甘油单油酸酯和季戊四醇单油酸酯；胺，例如松香胺和N-油基肌氨酸；二烷基亚磷酸胺盐。
基于组合物的总量，防锈剂的优选加入量是0.01-5质量％，特别优选的是0.05-2质量％。
(5)可以在本发明中使用的金属钝化剂实例包括苯并三唑、噻二唑和没食子酸酯。
基于组合物的总量，金属钝化剂的优选加入量是0.01-0.4质量％，特别优选的是0.01-0.2质量％。
(6)可以在本发明中使用的消泡剂实例包括液体硅酮、以及甲基硅酮、氟硅酮，还可以使用聚丙烯酸酯。
基于组合物的总量，消泡剂的优选加入量是0.0005-0.01质量％。
(7)可以在本发明中使用的粘度指数改进剂实例包括烯烃共聚物，例如聚(甲丙烯酸烷基酯)、聚烷基苯乙烯、聚丁烯、乙烯-丙烯共聚物、苯乙烯-二烯共聚物和苯乙烯-马来酸酐酯共聚物。
基于组合物总量，粘度指数改进剂的优选加入量是0.1-15质量％，特别优选的是0.5-7质量％。
本发明的润滑剂组合物适合用做轴承油，例如液压轴承油或者油浸烧结轴承油。
以实施例方式更详细地说明本发明，该实施例不应认为是对本发明的限制。
1.采用下列方法测定润滑油的特性。
(1)动力粘度
按照JIS K2283在40℃下测定。
(2)粘度指数
按照JIS K2283测定。
(3)闪点(COC法)
按照JIS K2265测定。
(4)倾点
按照JIS K2269测定。
(5)体积电阻率
按照JIS C2102测定。
(6)薄膜残留实验(剩油百分率、耐热性评价)
使用在润滑油稳定性实验(JIS K2504)中规定的封闭恒温空气浴。将1g样品放置在80℃环境下1000小时，然后，测定润滑油的剩余量。
通过剩余量得到剩油百分率。
实验1000小时后，观察润滑油样品的外观，检查润滑油中不溶性淤渣的生成。
在实验过程中以10L/hr的速度向恒温空气浴连续供给空气。
2.结构分析
基于利用气相色谱仪(Hitachi：型号263-70，色谱柱：OV-1填充柱(2米)，GL Science Inc.的产品)获得的峰面积，鉴别出下述制备实施例生成的化合物具有99％或者更高的纯度。利用核磁共振装置(1H-NMR，13C-NMR：GSX400，JEOL Ltd.的产品)测定每种化合物的结构。
3.制备实施例
制备实施例1
将2-辛基-1-十二烷醇(300克)、1-溴辛烷(300克)、溴化四丁铵(30克)、500克氢氧化钠水溶液(150克氢氧化钠溶解在350克水中)放入2升玻璃烧瓶中；接着，在50℃搅拌条件下使混合物反应20个小时。
在反应完成后，将反应混合物转移到分液漏斗中，过滤分离水层。然后，使用500毫升水清洗剩余的有机层5次。
在减压条件下蒸馏有机层，由此分离出具有下列结构的醚化合物。
制备实施例2
将2-己基-1-癸醇(300克)、1-溴癸烷(300克)、溴化四丁铵(30克)、500克30％氢氧化钠水溶液(150克氢氧化钠溶解在350克水中)放入2升玻璃烧瓶中；接着，在50℃搅拌条件下使混合物反应20个小时。
在反应完成后，将反应混合物转移到分液漏斗中，过滤分离水层。然后，使用500毫升水清洗剩余的有机层5次。
在减压条件下蒸馏有机层，由此分离出具有下列结构的醚化合物。
制备实施例3
将2-辛基-1-十二烷醇(300克)、1-溴癸烷(300克)、溴化四丁铵(30克)、500克30％氢氧化钠水溶液(150克氢氧化钠溶解在350克水中)放入2升玻璃烧瓶中；接着，在50℃搅拌条件下使混合物反应20个小时。
在反应完成后，将反应混合物转移到分液漏斗中，过滤分离水层。然后，使用500毫升水清洗剩余的有机层5次。
在减压条件下蒸馏有机层，由此分离出具有下列结构的醚化合物。
4.基油与添加剂
下述实施例与对比实施例中使用的基油与添加剂汇集在表1和表2中。
表1
| 基油 | 化合物 |
| 基油A-1 | 制备实施例1合成的化合物 |
| 基油A-2 | 制备实施例2合成的化合物 |
| 基油A-3 | 制备实施例3合成的化合物 |
| 基油B | 二壬酸新戊二醇酯 |
| 基油C | 癸二酸二辛酯 |
| 基油D | 1-十二碳烯二聚体，聚α-烯烃 |
| 基油E | 石蜡基原油氢化重整获得的高纯矿物油 |
表2
| 添加剂 | 化合物 |
| 抗氧化剂 | 苯基α-萘胺 |
| 防锈剂 | 脱水山梨糖醇单油酸酯 |
| 摩擦改进剂A | 酸式磷酸二(单)甲基酯胺盐[单∶二＝50∶50(摩尔比)] |
| 摩擦改进剂B | 二叔壬基多硫化物 |
| 抗静电剂A | 中性磺酸钡(基值1) |
| 抗静电剂B | 聚丁烯琥珀酰亚胺 |
| 抗静电剂C | 四亚乙基五胺-硬脂酸缩合物 |
实施例1-12和对比实施例1-6：
按照表3所列配方制备润滑剂组合物，并且测定其上述特性(1)-(6)。
测定结果汇集在表3中。
表3-1
| 润滑剂组合物(质量份数) | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 |
| 基油A-1 | 99.8 | |||||
| 基油A-2 | 98.8 | 98.8 | ||||
| 基油A-3 | 98.8 | |||||
| 基油B | 98.8 | |||||
| 基油C | 98.8 | |||||
| 基油D | ||||||
| 基油E | ||||||
| 抗氧化剂 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 防锈剂 | ||||||
| 摩擦改进剂A | ||||||
| 摩擦改进剂B | ||||||
| 抗静电剂A | ||||||
| 抗静电剂B | 0.2 | |||||
| 抗静电剂C | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| 总和 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| 40℃下动力粘度(mm2/s) | 9.79 | 8.387 | 8.41 | 11.73 | 8.75 | 11.6 |
| 粘度指数 | 138 | 129 | 129 | 146 | 136 | 153 |
| 闪点(COC法)(℃) | 212 | 209 | 207 | 218 | 220 | 220 |
| 倾点(℃) | -30 | -45 | -45 | -27.5 | -40 | -50＞ |
| 体积电阻率(×1010Ω.cm) | 0.21 | 0.12 | 0.1 | 0.38 | 0.22 | 0.14 |
| 薄膜残留实验(80℃，500小时)剩油百分率(质量％)外观(淤渣) | 94.54无 | 88.53无 | 95.34无 | 98.47无 | 94.63无 | 99.5无 |
表3-2
| 润滑剂组合物(质量份数) | 实施例7 | 实施例8 | 实施例9 | 实施例10 | 实施例11 | 实施例12 |
| 基油A-1 | ||||||
| 基油A-2 | 68.8 | 68.8 | 97.75 | 67.7 | 67.75 | |
| 基油A-3 | ||||||
| 基油B | 30 | 98.75 | 30 | |||
| 基油C | ||||||
| 基油D | 30 | 30 | ||||
| 基油E | ||||||
| 抗氧化剂 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 防锈剂 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 摩擦改进剂A | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | |||
| 摩擦改进剂B | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||||
| 抗静电剂A | ||||||
| 抗静电剂B | ||||||
| 抗静电剂C | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| 总和 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| 40℃下动力粘度(mm2/s) | 8.58 | 8.71 | 8.851 | 9.009 | 8.49 | 8.95 |
| 粘度指数 | 131 | 112 | 123 | 132 | 131 | 112 |
| 闪点(COC法)(℃) | 214 | 205 | 204 | 210 | 211 | 204 |
| 倾点(℃) | -45 | -45 | -50 | -40 | -45 | -45 |
| 体积电阻率(×1010Ω.cm) | 0.15 | 0.27 | 0.0135 | 0.36 | 0.0122 | 0.014 |
| 薄膜残留实验(80℃，500小时)剩油百分率(质量％)外观(淤渣) | 95.2无 | 91.44无 | 94.97无 | 94.06无 | 94.83无 | 91.27无 |
表3-3
| 润滑剂组合物(质量份数) | 对比实施例1 | 对比实施例2 | 对比实施例3 | 对比实施例4 | 对比实施例5 | 对比实施例6 |
| 基油A-1 | ||||||
| 基油A-2 | ||||||
| 基油A-3 | 99 | 98.8 | ||||
| 基油B | 99 | 98.8 | ||||
| 基油C | ||||||
| 基油D | 98.8 | |||||
| 基油E | 98.8 | |||||
| 抗氧化剂 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 防锈剂 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 摩擦改进剂A | ||||||
| 摩擦改进剂B | ||||||
| 抗静电剂A | 0.2 | 0.2 | ||||
| 抗静电剂B | 0.2 | |||||
| 抗静电剂C | 0.2 | |||||
| 总和 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 101 | 101 |
| 40℃下动力粘度(mm2/s) | 8.34 | 11.81 | 8.41 | 8.73 | 9.686 | 8.135 |
| 粘度指数 | 129 | 146 | 129 | 136 | 85 | 80 |
| 闪点(COC法)(℃) | 210 | 218 | 208 | 218 | 202 | 156 |
| 倾点(℃) | -45 | -27.5 | -45 | -40 | -50 | -7.5 |
| 体积电阻率(×1010Ω.cm) | 8 | 12.00 | 0.73 | 0.7 | 0.02 | 0.0185 |
| 薄膜残留实验(80℃，500小时)剩油百分率(质量％)外观(淤渣) | 99.42无 | 98.2无 | 99.31有 | 97.86有 | 67.15无 | 20.88无 |
工业适用性
如上所述，在不损害滚柱轴承油性能的条件下，本发明的导电润滑剂组合物防止了由于流体运动产生的异常磨损、淤渣生成、静电出现。因此，本发明导电润滑剂组合物适合用做轴承油，例如液压轴承油或者油浸烧结轴承油。
Claims (15)
1.一种导电润滑剂组合物，其特征在于，该组合物含有除硅油以外的润滑基油(A)和非金属抗静电剂(B)，并且该组合物表现出40℃下25mm2/s或者更小的运动粘度，100或者更高的粘度指数，由COC法测定的150℃或者更高的闪点，25℃下1×1010Ω.cm或者更小的体积电阻率。
2.如权利要求1所述的导电润滑剂组合物，该组合物表现出40℃下20mm2/s或者更小的运动粘度。
3.如权利要求1所述的导电润滑剂组合物，该组合物表现出120或者更高的粘度指数。
4.如权利要求1所述的导电润滑剂组合物，该组合物表现出-40℃或者更低的倾点。
5.如权利要求1所述的导电润滑剂组合物，该组合物含有由碳、氢、氧构成的润滑基油(A)和0.01-10质量％作为非金属抗静电剂(B)的选自胺衍生物、琥珀酸衍生物、聚(氧化烯)二醇、多元醇偏酯的至少一种化合物。
6.如权利要求1所述的导电润滑剂组合物，其中润滑基油(A)含有酯化合物。
7.如权利要求6所述的导电润滑剂组合物，其中该酯化合物是选自由多元醇与脂肪酸缩合反应获得的多元醇酯、由二元酸与一元醇缩合反应获得的二酯、和由脂肪酸与一元醇缩合反应获得单酯的至少一种化合物。
8.如权利要求1所述的导电润滑剂组合物，其中润滑基油(A)含有醚化合物。
9.如权利要求8所述的导电润滑剂组合物，其中该醚化合物是由式(I)表示的化合物：
R1-O-(R2-O)a-(R3-O)b-(R4-O)c-R5(I)
其中R1和R5分别表示氢、C1-C24烷基、苯基、或者C7-C24烷芳基；
R2、R3和R4分别表示C2-C18亚烷基；a、b和c分别是0-8；a至c的总和是0-8；并且单元(R2-O)、(R3-O)和(R4-O)彼此之间可以相同或者不同。
10.如权利要求9所述的导电润滑剂组合物，其中该醚化合物是由式(II)表示的单醚化合物：
R6-O-R7(II)
其中R6和R7之一是C1-C24烷基，另一个是C1-C24烷基、苯基、或者C7-C24烷芳基。
11.如权利要求5所述的导电润滑剂组合物，其中润滑基油(A)是醚化合物，并且非金属抗静电剂(B)是胺衍生物。
12.如权利要求5所述的导电润滑剂组合物，其中作为非金属抗静电剂(B)的胺衍生物是由四亚乙基五胺与脂肪酸生成的缩合产物。
13.如权利要求1所述的导电润滑剂组合物，其中润滑基油(A)还含有烃化合物。
14.如权利要求1所述的导电润滑剂组合物，其中还含有选自抗氧化剂、油性剂、减摩剂、防锈剂、金属钝化剂、消泡剂和粘度指数改进剂的至少一种添加剂。
15.含有如权利要求1所述导电润滑剂组合物的轴承油。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003099652 | 2003-04-02 | ||
| JP099652/2003 | 2003-04-02 |
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| CN1768128A true CN1768128A (zh) | 2006-05-03 |
| CN100341988C CN100341988C (zh) | 2007-10-10 |
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| CNB2004800088360A Expired - Fee Related CN100341988C (zh) | 2003-04-02 | 2004-04-02 | 导电润滑剂组合物 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US8293693B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1609844A4 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP4989890B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR101302940B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN100341988C (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2004090082A1 (zh) |
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| JP4028982B2 (ja) * | 2001-12-27 | 2008-01-09 | 新日鐵化学株式会社 | 流体軸受ユニット及び軸受用潤滑油組成物 |
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-
2004
- 2004-04-02 CN CNB2004800088360A patent/CN100341988C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-02 EP EP04725488A patent/EP1609844A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-04-02 JP JP2005505268A patent/JP4989890B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-02 WO PCT/JP2004/004852 patent/WO2004090082A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-04-02 KR KR1020057018769A patent/KR101302940B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102471721A (zh) * | 2009-08-06 | 2012-05-23 | 希捷科技有限公司 | 具有包含导电诱导剂的润滑剂的水力支承件的流体动力学磁盘驱动轴马达 |
| CN111139117A (zh) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-12 | 协同油脂株式会社 | 防剥落剂和含有其的润滑剂组合物 |
| WO2023137819A1 (zh) * | 2022-01-24 | 2023-07-27 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | 一种油溶性导电添加剂及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20050119185A (ko) | 2005-12-20 |
| EP1609844A1 (en) | 2005-12-28 |
| WO2004090082A1 (ja) | 2004-10-21 |
| EP1609844A4 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
| JPWO2004090082A1 (ja) | 2006-07-06 |
| US20060199747A1 (en) | 2006-09-07 |
| US8293693B2 (en) | 2012-10-23 |
| CN100341988C (zh) | 2007-10-10 |
| KR101302940B1 (ko) | 2013-09-06 |
| JP4989890B2 (ja) | 2012-08-01 |
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