CN1762192A - Method for planting a kind of halophyte-Atriplex triangularis - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for planting a salt tolerant plant-triangular sea bell in the beach, which comprises the following steps: grading the furrow and fertilizing enough base fertilizer; applying high quality triangular sea bell breed, with consumption of 1.0 kg - 1.5 kg per mu; caring the field carefully, keeping the soil dry and wet, and carrying out water and fertilizer care and pest control timely and rationally; picking when the plant growing to the height of about 15 cm. It can be planted in the four seasons if the average daily temperature is about above 15 Deg C, it can be cultivated in the open or in the protective field. The invention is characterized by the application of the large area of saline-alkali land in the costal beach to plant the salt tolerant plant-triangular sea bell, which is free of pollution and nourishment, and can improve soil, beautifying environment and cleaning air at the same time. The invention can use the costal beach thoroughly, which has an important meaning for the agricultural sustainable development and the modification of rural industrial structure.

Description

A kind of kind method for planting of salt-tolerant plant-Atriplex triangularis

Technical field

The present invention relates to the kind method for planting of a kind of planting method of crops, particularly a kind of salt-tolerant plant-Atriplex triangularis.

Background technology

Atriplex triangularis is a kind of coastal beach saline-alkali plant on the ground that is grown in, past is a kind of wild plant on the beach always, and its shape is similar to spinach with nutrition, so be called again---and the seawater spinach, whole strain can eat, and is a kind of good salt tolerant sea water vegetable crop.Triangle leaf shore multitude's adaptive capacity is extremely strong, and its plant height is at 60-120cm, and the upright branch of stem is many, and browse is edible, and old branches and leaves can be done feeding, and only leaf vegetables output is just more than every mu of 1000Kg.Triangle leaf Bin Li suits to grow in various soil, and counterglow length do not have strict demand, as long as temperature maintenance is more than 15 ℃, but four seasons growths.Triangle leaf Bin Li has very strong adaptability to the salt marsh environment, and its seed can be sprouted in containing the solution of 0.8%NaCl or in the solonchak of salt content 1.0%; Plant is higher to the patience of salt stress, even under low salt stress, its grow than no salt stress better.Because triangle leaf shore multitude can accumulate a large amount of salinities in vivo, therefore, plantation triangle leaf Bin Li can reduce the salt content of solonchak, improves the ecotope of salt-affected soil, plant a season triangle leaf Bin Li and can make solonchak salt content decline 0.3g/Kg, can increase simultaneously the content of solonchak organic matter etc.The leaf vegetables protein content of triangle leaf Bin Li accounts for more than 30% of dry weight, characteristics with low fat and homovitamin C, trace elements iron, manganese, zinc, copper content enrich, the bright leaves of edible 150 gram Atriplex triangularis every day just can reach 40% of the Vc full dose of the relevant daily nutrition demand of WHO standard and VA.The juice of triangle leaf Bin Li can also be produced high nutrition dish juice series of products (as beverage, noodles, bread, candy, dilated food etc.), and triangle leaf shore multitude's damage by disease and insect is few, vegetative period, no pesticide grown was a kind of health-care vegetable of high-quality, had very high edible, feeding value.Therefore, triangle leaf Bin Li has certain effect of improving the soil, beautify the environment, purifying air.Because it can be grown on the saline land, thereby can displace a large amount of vegetables farmlands, adjust the structure of rural undertaking, promote the agricultural sustainability development, guarantee growth of agricultural efficiency.

In recent years, along with the raising of people's living standard, people are also more and more higher to the requirement of non-harmful product.China has 1.8 ten thousand kilometers coastline, more than 600 big small island, 1.4 more than hundred million mu of tidal-flat area, 5.2 hundred million mu of landlocked salinized soils, how to develop the salt seabeach and be coated with, adopt the method for large tracts of land artificial planting, on the saline land, cultivate the nuisanceless green victual that makes new advances, to adapt to the demand in market, have very important significance.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of kind method for planting of salt-tolerant plant-Atriplex triangularis, make full use of coastal beach, realize the establishing in large scale of Atriplex triangularis,, promote the sustainable development of the ecological agriculture to improve the structure of agricultural production of coastal area.

Technical scheme of the present invention is to plant method for planting and comprise the steps:

(1) land for growing field crops arrangement: select physical features smooth, irrigation and drainage are the plot easily, uses sufficient base manure, and be mixed soil and fertilizer are made the wide furrow of 2.0m-2.5m, the furrow face of raking after the leveling;

(2) sowing:

(1) choose seeds, select the Atriplex triangularis kind of high-quality, strong stress resistance, quality better for use, seed quality should reach: purity 〉=95%, cleanliness 〉=90%, germination rate 〉=80%, moisture≤14%;

(2) date of seeding and the amount of broadcasting according to the local climate condition, when daily mean temperature is stabilized in more than 15 ℃, all can adopt the open country plantation arbitrarily season; When daily mean temperature is lower than 15 ℃, can adopt the cultivation of protection ground; Also can all adopt the cultivation of protection ground the whole year; Every mu of ground is with planting a 1.0Kg-1.5Kg;

(3) type of seeding, available broadcast sowing or the bar broadcast mode carries out,

Broadcast sowing: water vola water, the seed uniform broadcasting in the furrow face, is covered the fine earth of one deck 0.5-1.5cm;

Drilling: seed is sowed in the ready furrow face shallow ridges, line-spacing 35cm-40cm, ditch depth 2cm-3cm covers the thick fine earth of one deck 0.5cm-1.5cm, waters sufficient water;

(3) field management:

(1) temperature control, the protection ground temperature should be controlled at: on 15 ℃-25 ℃ of daytimes, night is more than 10 ℃;

(2) thinning of filling the gaps with seedlings will in time be looked into seedling after coming up and be filled a vacancy, and is overstocked as seedling, thinning in time,

(3) water and fertilizer management, height of seedling begin to water during to 3-5cm, only water little water or water spray, keep soil see dried see wet; Look the growth of cereal crop seedlings and in time topdress, fertilizer is used based on farmyard manure;

(4) extermination of disease and insect pest, can adopt physical control or biological control or its in conjunction with carrying out:

Physical control: yellow viscose glue of 100cm * 20cm or yellow plate are set are coated with machine oil,, hang over the field, exceed the plant top, the trapping aphid according to 30 every mu-40 density; Utilize black light frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp trapping moth class, orthoptera pest; Lure moth class adult with sweet and sour wine, concentrate desinsection; Utilize silver grey film to drive aphid, or adopt fly net to isolate;

Biological control: the moth class ovum hatching Sheng phase prevents and treats with bacillus thuringiensis,Bt (Bt) wetting powder etc. earlier, and the adult stage can be used the attractant control;

(4) gather: picking time is according to the difference of sub-district weather conditions in each department or cultivation plot and difference, generally begins harvesting to 15cm-20cm when above when plant is long, sees will stop to gather when having minority colored.

Advantage of the present invention is, fully develops wide salt seabeach and is coated with, and realizes that on the saline land the big dough figurine work post of Atriplex triangularis is planted, and changes the structure of agricultural production of coastal area, promotes the sustainable development of the ecological agriculture.Atriplex triangularis is a kind of nutritious pollution-free vegetable product, can be organic sea water vegetable that people provide a kind of new varieties.But this kind of both open country plantation of method for planting also can be adopted the plantation of protection ground, but large scale application.

Specific embodiment

The present invention plants with following method:

(1) land for growing field crops arrangement:

Select at coastal beach that physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage plot easily, use sufficient base manure, base manure adopts fertilizer to combine with inorganic fertilizer, every mu of barnyard manure 3000kg-5000kg that should execute to become thoroughly decomposed, and an amount of vegetable special compound fertilizer (meeting NT/496 stipulates) of compounding application.Be mixed soil and fertilizer are made the wide furrow of 2.0m-2.5m, the furrow face of raking after the leveling.

(2) sowing:

(1) seed selection.Select the Atriplex triangularis kind of high-quality, strong stress resistance, quality better, adaptation cultivation season for use, seed quality should reach: purity 〉=95%, cleanliness 〉=90%, germination rate 〉=80%, moisture≤14%.

(2) sowing time and seeding quantity.According to the local climate condition, can adopt outdoor cropping, also can adopt the cultivation of protection ground.When average daily temperature was stabilized in more than 15 ℃, the four seasons all can be adopted the open country growing and cultivation; When average daily temperature is lower than 15 ℃, can adopt the cultivation of protection ground.Also can annually adopt protection ground growing and cultivation.Every mu of ground is with planting a 1.0Kg-1.5Kg.

(3) type of seeding.Can adopt and broadcast sowing or two kinds of methods of drilling are sowed:

Broadcast sowing: water vola water, the seed uniform broadcasting in the furrow face, is covered the thick fine earth in one deck 1cm left and right sides then.

Drilling: seed is sowed in the ready furrow face shallow ridges, line-spacing 35cm-40cm, ditch depth 2cm-3cm covers the thick fine earth of one deck 1cm, waters sufficient water.

(3) field management:

(1) temperature control.The protection ground temperature should be controlled at: on 15 ℃-25 ℃ of daytimes, night is more than 10 ℃.

(2) fill the gaps with seedlings, thinning, weeding.To in time look into seedling after coming up and fill a vacancy, promote full stand.As it is too much or overstocked to emerge, and thinning early in time promotes seedling strong.Thinning and when gathering in conjunction with weeding, is removed diseased plant or weak strain, dredges and removes an amount of weak seedling, weak branch.

(3) water and fertilizer management.When height of seedling begins to water to 3cm, to control the water yield when watering, only water little water or water spray, see dried wet the getting final product of seeing to keep soil.Fertilizer is used the principle of following, and advocates bio-fertilizers such as applications of farmyard manure, and general fertilizing amount is converted every mu of 2000kg of water with the fecaluria that becomes thoroughly decomposed and is advisable, and generally should not impose chemical fertilizer.Dressing time is decided on the growth of cereal crop seedlings, generally when height of seedling 8-10cm, chases after organic granular fertilizer one time, about every mu of 100Kg of amount of application.

(4) extermination of disease and insect pest.The main diseases insect pest of this plant has leaf blight, downy mildew, virus disease, and main insect pest has aphid, diamond-back moth, cabbage caterpillar, Liriomyza.Its method of preventing and treating can adopt physical control or biological control or its in conjunction with rationally preventing and treating:

Physical control: yellow viscose glue of 100cm * 20cm or yellow plate are set are coated with machine oil,, hang over the field, exceed the plant top, the trapping aphid according to 30 every mu-40 density; Utilize black light frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp trapping moth class, orthoptera pest; Lure moth class adult with sweet and sour wine, concentrate desinsection; Utilize silver grey film to drive aphid, or adopt fly net to isolate.

Biological control: the moth class ovum hatching Sheng phase prevents and treats with bacillus thuringiensis,Bt (Bt) wetting powder etc. earlier, and the adult stage can be used the attractant control.

The medicament using priciple, first-selected low toxicity, low-residual, broad-spectrum high efficacy agricultural chemicals note being used alternatingly agricultural chemicals.

(4) gather: picking time is according to the difference of sub-district weather conditions in each department or cultivation plot and difference, generally begins harvesting to 15cm-20cm when above when plant is long, sees will stop to gather when having minority colored.

Above-mentioned kind of method for planting can large scale application on coastal beach.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of kind method for planting of salt-tolerant plant-Atriplex triangularis, it is characterized in that: its kind method for planting may further comprise the steps:

(1) land for growing field crops arrangement: select physical features smooth, irrigation and drainage are the plot easily, uses sufficient base manure, and be mixed soil and fertilizer are made the wide furrow of 2.0m-2.5m, the furrow face of raking after the leveling;

(2) sowing:

(1) choose seeds, select the Atriplex triangularis kind of high-quality, strong stress resistance, quality better for use, seed quality should reach: purity 〉=95%, cleanliness 〉=90%, germination rate 〉=80%, moisture≤14%;

(2) date of seeding and the amount of broadcasting according to the local climate condition, when daily mean temperature is stabilized in more than 15 ℃, all can adopt the open country plantation arbitrarily season; When daily mean temperature is lower than 15 ℃, can adopt the cultivation of protection ground; Also can all adopt the cultivation of protection ground the whole year; Every mu of ground is with planting a 1.0Kg-1.5Kg;

(3) type of seeding, available broadcast sowing or the bar broadcast mode carries out,

Broadcast sowing: water vola water, the seed uniform broadcasting in the furrow face, is covered the fine earth of one deck 0.5-1.5cm;

Drilling: seed is sowed in the ready furrow face shallow ridges, line-spacing 35cm-40cm, ditch depth 2cm-3cm covers the thick fine earth of one deck 0.5cm-1.5cm, waters sufficient water;

(3) field management:

(1) temperature control, the protection ground temperature should be controlled at: on 15 ℃-25 ℃ of daytimes, night is more than 10 ℃;

(2) thinning of filling the gaps with seedlings will in time be looked into seedling after coming up and be filled a vacancy, and is overstocked as seedling, thinning in time,

(3) water and fertilizer management, height of seedling begin to water during to 3-5cm, only water little water or water spray, keep soil see dried see wet; Look the growth of cereal crop seedlings and in time topdress, fertilizer is used based on farmyard manure;

(4) extermination of disease and insect pest, can adopt physical control or biological control or its in conjunction with carrying out:

Physical control: yellow viscose glue of 100cm * 20cm or yellow plate are set are coated with machine oil,, hang over the field, exceed the plant top, the trapping aphid according to 30 every mu-40 density; Utilize black light frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp trapping moth class, orthoptera pest; Lure moth class adult with sweet and sour wine, concentrate desinsection; Utilize silver grey film to drive aphid, or adopt fly net to isolate;

Biological control: the moth class ovum hatching Sheng phase prevents and treats with bacillus thuringiensis,Bt (Bt) wetting powder etc. earlier, and the adult stage can be used the attractant control;

(4) gather: picking time is according to the difference of sub-district weather conditions in each department or cultivation plot and difference, generally begins harvesting to 15cm-20cm when above when plant is long, sees will stop to gather when having minority colored.