CN105917912A - Atriplex triangularis growth regulation method facilitating harvesting of both fresh leaves and seeds - Google Patents
Atriplex triangularis growth regulation method facilitating harvesting of both fresh leaves and seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN105917912A CN105917912A CN201610272005.9A CN201610272005A CN105917912A CN 105917912 A CN105917912 A CN 105917912A CN 201610272005 A CN201610272005 A CN 201610272005A CN 105917912 A CN105917912 A CN 105917912A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D91/00—Methods for harvesting agricultural products
- A01D91/04—Products growing above the soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention provides an atriplex triangularis growth regulation method facilitating the harvesting of both fresh leaves and seeds. According to the invention, the growth period of atriplex triangularis is divided into four main regulation stages which are a sowing stage, a growth stage, a fresh vegetable picking stage and a seed harvesting stage. The stages are subjected to planning and management on a sowing method, planting density, and nitrogen and phosphorus proportioning. With the sowing method, planting density and water and fertilizer regulation provided by the invention, atriplex triangularis fresh leaf yield can be improved. The fresh leaves can be marketed in advance, and can be marketed in a relatively balanced way, such that economic benefit can be improved. Also, seed harvesting amount is greatly improved, and planting benefit is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the growth control method that a kind of Atriplex triangularis fresh leaf seed is taken in concurrently, belong to salt tolerance vegetables cultivation neck
Territory.
Background technology
China coast coastal saline soil aboundresources, only Jiangsu tidal land area 700,000 hm nearby2, make full use of Coastal beach
Temperature, light, water resource, directly introduce a fine variety salt tolerant economic plants, and greatly developing Saline soil agriculture has become the common recognition of government and experts and scholars.
Atriplex triangularis (Atriplextriangularis) it is Chenopodiaceae, belong to annual herb plant, originate in North America
Marine swamp edge, northeast, is the extremely strong halophytes of a kind of salt tolerance, has good economic worth and the ecological value.Fresh
Leaf profile is similar with Herba Spinaciae with nutritional labeling, and Vc content is 1.5 times of Herba Spinaciae, micro-rich in needed by human such as Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn
Secondary element and aminoacid, can make fresh vegetable or produce several functions food, Organic food;Protein content height, aminoacid in seed
Component is complete, rich in the linoleic acid of needed by human, for new type of health edible oil, has the effect of blood pressure lowering and blood fat, is medicine, protects
The quality raw materials of strong product;Florescence ornamental, straw stalk can be pulverized as feedstuff etc., before having good economic worth and developing
Scape.Within 1993, Nanjing University biotechnology research institute has introduced Atriplex triangularis from the U.S. and has planted experimentally, through for many years by
The domestication of step, normal growth under tidal flat of Jiangsu Province environment, but natural climate resource, edaphic condition and the difference in the primary place of production
The biggest, the aspect characteristic such as Atriplex triangularis growth rhythm and seed setting there occurs bigger change the most, there is cultivation skill
Art is lack of standardization, and fresh leaf effective output is low, and after plucking fresh leaf, grain yield is low, it is impossible to take into account.Therefore, Atriplex triangularis fresh leaf seed
Take in the research and development of Optimum Cultivation method concurrently, it has also become the emphasis of cultivating and growing extending application.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide the growth regulating side that a kind of Atriplex triangularis fresh leaf seed is taken in concurrently
Method, the method can not only improve the effective output of fresh leaf, and can improve the yield of seed.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the growth control method that a kind of Atriplex triangularis of the present invention fresh leaf seed is taken in concurrently, its
It is characterised by:
(1) sowing stage: be mid-April in the time in tidal flat of Jiangsu Province sowing time, soil salt is 0.3-0.5%, by soil
The thin leveling of rake, furrow width 30cm, deep 20cm between furrow, ring field ploughs the first furrow as a guideline ditch, and furrow width 40cm, deep 30cm, furrow face width 20 cm, furrow noodles are executed
Base manure, pure N amount of application 40.0-120.0kg/hm2Base is executed, P2O5Use tolerance 48.0-60.0kg/hm2, degree of depth 10-20 cm,
Atriplex triangularis seed is less relatively light, mixes uniformly with seed and fine earth, and the consumption of seed and fine earth is 1:5, drilling, application rate
For 5.0-10.0kg/hm2, degree of depth 1-3cm, at this moment evaporation capacity is big, and the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil is serious, after planting waters sufficient water, furrow face overlay film, goes out
Miao Hou, and time point opens film, prevents burn under sunshine membrane, density of reserved seedlings 90,000-15 ten thousand strains/hm2;
(2) growth stage: field humidity is maintained at 55%-85%, when Atriplex triangularis plant height reaches 15-20cm, has 3-5 point
Branch, when triangular shape blade long 3-6 cm, wide 2-4 cm, carries out topdressing for the first time, carries out nearly plant point with fertilizer deep placing device and execute, deeply
Degree 10-20 cm, pure N amount of application 60.0-80.0kg/hm2;
(3) the leaf picking stage: mid or late May, when plant height reaches 50cm, alternate triangular shape blade long 5-10 cm, wide 4-8 cm
Time, starting to pluck fresh leaf, standard of plucking is 3, branch top blade, when plucking time is fine day 10 times of the morning-afternoon 5;Every time
Carry out nearly plant point with fertilizer deep placing device after plucking fresh leaf to execute, degree of depth 10-20 cm, pure N amount of application 0-20.0kg/hm2, concentrate
Pluck 5 times, every minor tick 10 days, pluck for the last time, retain stem and plant top vane, pluck and use fertilizer deep placement after terminating
Device carries out nearly plant point to be executed, and the degree of depth 20 cm imposes a phosphate fertilizer, P while Nitrogen Top Dressing2O5Use tolerance 0-12.0kg/
hm2;
(4) in the grain harvest stage: mid or late July, plant 70cm, foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, each consumption is 3 kg/
667m2, according to insect pest, a situation arises, sprays with 1500 times of liquid of chlorine cyanogen ethyl ester, and the oblique powder leaf moth of main preventing and treating and Pieris rapae, in 8 months
There is spike, foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the top of ten days, stem and branch, and each consumption is 3 kg/667m2, October respectively
The first tenday period of a month, gathering in the crops seed, utricle diameter 1.2 mm the most in two times, peel yellowish white, with seed adhesion.
In the most each step, nitrogen calculates with N, and phosphorus is with P2O5Calculate.
Preferably, in sowing stage, application rate is 9.0kg/hm2, furrow face overlay film, density of reserved seedlings 120,000 strain/
hm2, nitrogen, phosphorus amount are respectively 40.0kg/hm as base manure sowing amount2、48.0kg/hm2;
In growth stage, field humidity, 75%, when Atriplex triangularis plant height reaches 15-20cm, topdresses, deep with chemical fertilizer
Execute device to carry out nearly plant point and execute, the degree of depth 15 cm, pure N amount of application 60.0kg/hm2。
In the leaf picking stage, standard of plucking is 3, branch top blade, and plucking time is fine day 10 times of the morning-afternoon 5
Time;Carry out nearly plant point with fertilizer deep placing device after plucking fresh leaf to execute, the degree of depth 15 cm, pure N amount of application 20.0kg/hm every time2, collection
Middle harvesting 5 times, every minor tick 10 days, pluck for the last time, retain stem and plant top vane, pluck after terminating deep with chemical fertilizer
Execute device to carry out nearly plant point and execute, the degree of depth 20 cm, while Nitrogen Top Dressing, impose a phosphate fertilizer, P2O5Use tolerance 12.0kg/
hm2。
In the grain harvest stage, mid or late July, plant 70cm, foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, each consumption is 3 kg/
667m2, to spray with 1500 times of liquid of chlorine cyanogen ethyl ester, main preventing and treating oblique powder leaf moth, Pieris rapae, mid-August, the top of stem and branch occurs
Spike, foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, each consumption is 3 kg/667m2, respectively early October, receive the most in two times
Obtain seed.
The Atriplex triangularis of plantation is through Jiangsu Inst. of Coastal Area Agricultural Sciences's selection-breeding for many years.
The nitrogen used, phosphate fertilizer, foliage fertilizer, fertilizer deep placing device use conventional commercial product, roll over by product available nutrient content
Calculate actually used amount.
The present invention utilizes and arranges orthogonal test for many years at Coastal beach, is transported by application rate, N, P varying level and proportioning
Raise, seek out the optimal Biomass of Atriplex triangularis and take in the planting density of seed, the ratio of N, P and method of application simultaneously concurrently, improve
The vegetable effective output of Atriplex triangularis, takes in seed simultaneously concurrently, and reduces production cost, improve planting benefit, especially
It is applicable to the plantation of China's tidal flat of Jiangsu Province Atriplex triangularis.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
In beach proving ground, great Feng district, Yancheng of Jiangsu Province, use following methods that Atriplex triangularis carries out adjusting and controlling growth:
According to the growth rhythm of Atriplex triangularis, the trophophase of Atriplex triangularis is divided into four major regulatory stages, is respectively
Sowing stage, growth stage, leaf picking stage and grain harvest stage, then according to different phase, Atriplex triangularis is entered
Row application rate, seeding method, planting density, ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus are planned strategies for, and auxiliary foliage application, its method particularly includes:
1) sowing stage: tidal flat of Jiangsu Province Suitable Sowing Period is mid-April, soil salt is at 0.3-0.5%, by the most whole for soil rake
Flat, furrow width 30cm, deep 20cm between furrow, ring field ploughs the first furrow as a guideline ditch, furrow width 40cm, deep 30cm, furrow face width 20 cm, furrow noodles basal dressing,
Pure N amount of application 40.0-120.0kg/hm2Base is executed, P2O5Use tolerance 48.0-60.0kg/hm2, degree of depth 10-20 cm, triangle leaf
Saltbush seed is less relatively light, mixes uniformly with seed and fine earth, and the consumption of seed and fine earth is 1:5, drilling, and application rate is 5.0-
10.0kg/hm2, degree of depth 1-3cm, at this moment evaporation capacity is big, and the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil is serious, after planting waters sufficient water, furrow face overlay film, after emerging,
And time point opens film, prevent burn under sunshine membrane, density of reserved seedlings 90,000-15 ten thousand strains/hm2;
2) growth stage: field humidity is maintained at 55%-85%, when Atriplex triangularis plant height reaches 15-20cm, has 3-5 point
Branch, when triangular shape blade long 3-6 cm, wide 2-4 cm, carries out topdressing for the first time, carries out nearly plant point with fertilizer deep placing device and execute, deeply
Degree 10-20 cm, pure N amount of application 60.0-80.0kg/hm2;
3) the leaf picking stage: mid or late May, when plant height reaches 50cm, alternate triangular shape blade long 5-10 cm, wide 4-8 cm
Time, starting to pluck fresh leaf, standard of plucking is 3, branch top blade, when plucking time is fine day 10 points in the morning-afternoon 5;Every time
Carry out nearly plant point with fertilizer deep placing device after plucking fresh leaf to execute, degree of depth 10-20 cm, pure N amount of application 0-20.0kg/hm2, concentrate
Pluck 5 times, every minor tick 10 days, pluck for the last time, retain stem and plant top vane, pluck and use fertilizer deep placement after terminating
Device carries out nearly plant point to be executed, and the degree of depth 20 cm imposes a phosphate fertilizer, P while Nitrogen Top Dressing2O5Use tolerance 0-12.0kg/
hm2;
4) in the grain harvest stage: mid or late July, plant 70cm, foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, each consumption is 3 kg/
667m2, according to insect pest, a situation arises, sprays with 1500 times of liquid of chlorine cyanogen ethyl ester, and the oblique powder leaf moth of main preventing and treating and Pieris rapae, in 8 months
There is spike, foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the top of ten days, stem and branch, and each consumption is 3 kg/667m2, October respectively
The first tenday period of a month, gathering in the crops seed, utricle diameter 1.2 mm the most in two times, peel yellowish white, with seed adhesion.
Below according to result of the test, the effect of the present invention is elaborated:
Embodiment is all with conventional cultivation method for comparison, and comparative example is come with reference to wangkai, Yin Jin, Zhou Chunlin, etc. salt tolerance vegetables three
Research [J] is introduced a fine variety and cultivated to angle leaf saltbush, Jiangsu's agriculture science, cultural method disclosed in 2001 (4): 57~59 documents, except broadcasting
The proportioning of the amount of kind, seeding method, planting density, nitrogen and phosphorus is planned strategies for, and nitrogen 20% base is executed, and 80% point is topdressed for 6 times, and phosphorus 80% base is executed, and 20%
Topdress, and outside auxiliary potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliage-spray, other various working conditions are the most identical.
Test 1: planting density and nitrogen phosphorus proportion are planned strategies for the impact of control method leaf-making quantity fresh on Atriplex triangularis
Plant Atriplex triangularis at Coastal beach, execute nitrogen be the most frequently used alleviate seawater stress, regulating plant growth have efficacious prescriptions
One of method so that soil salt, moisture and nutrient link together closely and intricately, can increase the fresh leaf of Atriplex triangularis
Yield, the most reasonably planting density is also one of fresh leaf High-production Factors.
Table 1 planting density and nitrogen phosphorus proportion are planned strategies for the impact of control method leaf-making quantity fresh on Atriplex triangularis
From table 1 it follows that in the growth regulating pattern of this invention, on beach base, great Feng district, test group is first with the 2nd
The fresh leaf-making quantity of secondary harvesting and comparison substantially suitable, plucks fresh leaf-making quantity for the 3rd time and plucks fresh leaf than comparison volume increase 19.7%, the 4th
Yield increased volume increase 46.0%, the 5th is plucked fresh leaf-making quantity and is plucked fresh leaf total output comparison than comparison volume increase 123.5%, total
According to volume increase 17.8%;Front 2 leaf picking amounts of test account for the 55.0% of total output, and front 2 the leaf picking amounts compareed account for always
The 63.9% of yield, after plucking for the 2nd time, the fresh leaf-making quantity of test keeps stable, and the fresh leaf-making quantity compareed amplitude of successively decreasing is big, fresh leaf
Harvesting amount stably can preferably supply market.Result shows that Atriplex triangularis is cultivated by growth control method, the most permissible
Improve fresh leaf-making quantity, the supply market of relative equilibrium, and also due to the change of seeding method, test group plucks fresh leaf ratio for the first time
Matched group shifts to an earlier date 10 days supply market, improves economic benefit.
Test 2: planting density and nitrogen phosphorus proportion are planned strategies for the control method impact on Atriplex triangularis grain yield
Various Biochemical processes in phosphorus involved in plant body in many ways, rise the reproductive growth and metabolism promoting plant
Very important effect, rational planting density is also one of seed High-production Factors.
Table 2 planting density and nitrogen phosphorus proportion are planned strategies for the control method impact on Atriplex triangularis grain yield
From Table 2, it can be seen that in the growth regulating pattern of this invention, test group grain yield ratio on beach base, great Feng district
Comparison volume increase 156.8%, rational planting density and phosphorus element are planned strategies for and assist potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliage-spray, reach the volume increase of fresh leaf
While, the effect that Atriplex triangularis grain yield increases considerably.
Claims (5)
1. the growth control method that an Atriplex triangularis fresh leaf seed is taken in concurrently, it is characterised in that:
(1) sowing stage: be mid-April in the time in tidal flat of Jiangsu Province sowing time, soil salt is 0.3-0.5%, by soil
The thin leveling of rake, furrow width 30cm, deep 20cm between furrow, ring field ploughs the first furrow as a guideline ditch, and furrow width 40cm, deep 30cm, furrow face width 20 cm, furrow noodles are executed
Base manure, pure N amount of application 40.0-120.0kg/hm2Base is executed, P2O5Use tolerance 48.0-60.0kg/hm2, degree of depth 10-20 cm,
Atriplex triangularis seed is less relatively light, mixes uniformly with seed and fine earth, and the consumption of seed and fine earth is 1:5, drilling, application rate
For 5.0-10.0kg/hm2, degree of depth 1-3cm, at this moment evaporation capacity is big, and the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil is serious, after planting waters sufficient water, furrow face overlay film, goes out
Miao Hou, and time point opens film, prevents burn under sunshine membrane, density of reserved seedlings 90,000-15 ten thousand strains/hm2;
(2) growth stage: field humidity is maintained at 55%-85%, when Atriplex triangularis plant height reaches 15-20cm, has 3-5 point
Branch, when triangular shape blade long 3-6 cm, wide 2-4 cm, carries out topdressing for the first time, carries out nearly plant point with fertilizer deep placing device and execute, deeply
Degree 10-20 cm, pure N amount of application 60.0-80.0kg/hm2;
(3) the leaf picking stage: mid or late May, when plant height reaches 50cm, alternate triangular shape blade long 5-10 cm, wide 4-8 cm
Time, starting to pluck fresh leaf, standard of plucking is 3, branch top blade, when plucking time is the fine day morning 10 during afternoon 5;Often
Carry out nearly plant point with fertilizer deep placing device after the fresh leaf of secondary harvesting to execute, degree of depth 10-20 cm, pure N amount of application 0-20.0kg/hm2, collection
Middle harvesting 5 times, every minor tick 10 days, pluck for the last time, retain stem and plant top vane, pluck after terminating deep with chemical fertilizer
Execute device to carry out nearly plant point and execute, the degree of depth 20 cm, while Nitrogen Top Dressing, impose a phosphate fertilizer, P2O5Use tolerance 0-12.0kg/
hm2;
(4) in the grain harvest stage: mid or late July, plant 70cm, foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, each consumption is 3 kg/
667m2, according to insect pest, a situation arises, sprays with 1500 times of liquid of chlorine cyanogen ethyl ester, and the oblique powder leaf moth of main preventing and treating and Pieris rapae, in 8 months
There is spike, foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the top of ten days, stem and branch, and each consumption is 3 kg/667m2, October respectively
The first tenday period of a month, gathering in the crops seed, utricle diameter 1.2 mm the most in two times, peel yellowish white, with seed adhesion.
The growth control method that a kind of Atriplex triangularis the most as claimed in claim 1 fresh leaf seed is taken in concurrently, it is characterised in that
(1) sowing stage, it is 9.0kg/hm that Atriplex triangularis fresh leaf seed takes in suitably sowing Sq concurrently2, furrow face overlay film, both can press down
Weed growth processed, can increase again the soil moisture and keep humidity, making Atriplex triangularis emerge neatly, and Yi Limiao reveals than routine
Ground can shift to an earlier date sowing in 10-15 days, and the listing of fresh leaf also can shift to an earlier date accordingly, and nitrogen, phosphorus amount are respectively 40.0kg/ as base manure sowing amount
hm2、48.0kg/hm2, density of reserved seedlings 120,000 strains/hm2。
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that in (2) growth stage, field humidity is 75%, when triangle leaf shore
When Herba chenopodii plant height reaches 15-20cm, topdress, carry out nearly plant point with fertilizer deep placing device and execute, the degree of depth 15 cm, pure N amount of application
60.0kg/hm2。
The growth control method that a kind of Atriplex triangularis the most as claimed in claim 1 fresh leaf seed is taken in concurrently, it is characterised in that
(3) the leaf picking stage, standard of plucking is 3, branch top blade, when plucking time is fine day 10 times of the morning-afternoon 5;Every time
Carry out nearly plant point with fertilizer deep placing device after plucking fresh leaf to execute, the degree of depth 15 cm, pure N amount of application 20.0kg/hm2, concentrate harvesting 5
Secondary, every minor tick 10 days, pluck for the last time, retain stem and plant top vane, pluck to enter with fertilizer deep placing device after terminating
The nearly plant point of row is executed, and the degree of depth 20 cm imposes a phosphate fertilizer, P while Nitrogen Top Dressing2O5Use tolerance 12.0kg/hm2。
The growth control method that a kind of Atriplex triangularis the most as claimed in claim 1 fresh leaf seed is taken in concurrently, it is characterised in that
(4) the grain harvest stage, late July, plant about 70cm, foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, each consumption is 3 kg/667m2,
Spraying with 1500 times of liquid of chlorine cyanogen ethyl ester, there is spike in the main top preventing and treating oblique powder leaf moth and Pieris rapae, mid-August, stem and branch
Inflorescence, foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, each consumption is 3 kg/667m2, respectively early October, gather in the crops seed the most in two times
Grain.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107094466A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-29 | 东营黄蓝知识产权运营管理有限公司 | Utilize the method for Atriplex triangularis Reclamation of coastal saline soil |
CN114128573A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-04 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Method for improving quality of whole-plant barley for feed of yellow sea beach reclamation land |
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CN1762192A (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2006-04-26 | 张春银 | Method for planting a kind of halophyte-Atriplex triangularis |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107094466A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-29 | 东营黄蓝知识产权运营管理有限公司 | Utilize the method for Atriplex triangularis Reclamation of coastal saline soil |
CN114128573A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-04 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Method for improving quality of whole-plant barley for feed of yellow sea beach reclamation land |
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