CN1726317A - 具有硅酮涂覆表面的工业用织物 - Google Patents

具有硅酮涂覆表面的工业用织物 Download PDF

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CN1726317A
CN1726317A CNA2003801062575A CN200380106257A CN1726317A CN 1726317 A CN1726317 A CN 1726317A CN A2003801062575 A CNA2003801062575 A CN A2003801062575A CN 200380106257 A CN200380106257 A CN 200380106257A CN 1726317 A CN1726317 A CN 1726317A
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fabric
silicone
coating
sticks
paper web
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亚当·J·贾格洛斯基
亚伦·L·比林斯
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Albany International Corp
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21FPAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/0027Screen-cloths
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21FPAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31FMECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/20Corrugating; Corrugating combined with laminating to other layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31FMECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/20Corrugating; Corrugating combined with laminating to other layers
    • B31F1/24Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is transverse to the web feed
    • B31F1/26Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is transverse to the web feed by interengaging toothed cylinders cylinder constructions
    • B31F1/28Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is transverse to the web feed by interengaging toothed cylinders cylinder constructions combined with uniting the corrugated webs to flat webs ; Making double-faced corrugated cardboard
    • B31F1/2845Details, e.g. provisions for drying, moistening, pressing
    • B31F1/2877Pressing means for bringing facer sheet and corrugated webs into contact or keeping them in contact, e.g. rolls, belts
    • B31F1/2881Pressing means for bringing facer sheet and corrugated webs into contact or keeping them in contact, e.g. rolls, belts for bringing a second facer sheet into contact with an already single faced corrugated web
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S162/00Paper making and fiber liberation
    • Y10S162/90Papermaking press felts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24777Edge feature
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24777Edge feature
    • Y10T428/24793Comprising discontinuous or differential impregnation or bond
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2481Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including layer of mechanically interengaged strands, strand-portions or strand-like strips
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2139Coating or impregnation specified as porous or permeable to a specific substance [e.g., water vapor, air, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/273Coating or impregnation provides wear or abrasion resistance
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2762Coated or impregnated natural fiber fabric [e.g., cotton, wool, silk, linen, etc.]
    • Y10T442/277Coated or impregnated cellulosic fiber fabric
    • Y10T442/2803Polymeric coating or impregnation from a silane or siloxane not specified as lubricant or water repellent
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3707Woven fabric including a nonwoven fabric layer other than paper
    • Y10T442/3724Needled
    • Y10T442/3732Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3707Woven fabric including a nonwoven fabric layer other than paper
    • Y10T442/3724Needled
    • Y10T442/3764Coated, impregnated, or autogenously bonded
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3707Woven fabric including a nonwoven fabric layer other than paper
    • Y10T442/378Coated, impregnated, or autogenously bonded
    • Y10T442/3813Coating or impregnation contains synthetic polymeric material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

一种工业用织物,具有改良的纸幅阻滞及耐磨性,同时具有满足需求的渗透性。此改良是通过仅向织物的突出部分涂覆硅酮材料的方式实现的。本发明所使用的涂覆方法可包括接触辊式涂覆、凹版辊式涂覆、轮转凹版印刷、回转筛涂覆、丝网印刷及/或柔性版印刷。此改良也可应用于瓦楞成形机织物。

Description

具有硅酮涂覆表面的工业用织物
技术领域
本发明涉及造纸技术。更具体地说,本发明涉及干燥织物,但其还可广泛应用于造纸机的成形部、压榨部及干燥部所用的任何织物中,以及工业加工织物及波纹织物中。
此处所述的工业加工织物可包括用于以下生产过程的织物:其中包括生产湿法成网产品的织物,例如纸张及纸板、卫生纸及纸巾产品;用于通过空气穿透干燥工艺制造面纸及纸巾产品的织物;用于制造瓦楞纸板的瓦楞成形机带;以及用于制造湿法成网及干法成网纸浆的工程织物;用于造纸相关工艺,例如使用污泥过滤机及化学洗涤机的织物;以及用于通过水刺法(湿法加工)、熔喷成网法、纺粘法及气流成网针刺法制造无纺织物。这种工业加工织物包括,但不局限于,无纺毡;用于制造无纺织物工艺的压花、运输及支撑织物;以及过滤布及过滤织物。
此处所述的瓦楞成形机织物是在用于制造瓦楞纸板的瓦楞成形机上运转的所谓瓦楞成形机带,如下文进行更详细的说明。
背景技术
在造纸过程中,在造纸机成形部,通过将纤维浆即纤维素纤维的水分散体沉积到移动的成形织物上形成纤维素纤维网。浆体中大量的水分通过成形织物排出,而纤维素纤维网则留在成形织物的表面上。
刚形成的纤维素纤维网从成形部进入压榨部,该压榨部包括一系列压榨压区。纤维素纤维网由压榨织物支撑,或者通常情况下位于两层这样的压榨织物之间,通过压榨压区。在压榨压区内,纤维素纤维网受到压缩力的作用,该压缩力将其中的水分挤出,并使网中的纤维素纤维彼此粘附,使得纤维素纤维网转变为纸幅(paper sheet)。水分由压榨织物所吸收,并且理想的情况是不回到纸幅中去。
纸幅最终进入干燥部,该干燥部至少包括一个可转动的干燥转鼓系列或转筒系列,这些转鼓或转筒由蒸汽在内部进行加热。干燥织物引导刚形成的纸幅以弯曲路径依次绕行该系列中的每个转鼓,且干燥织物将纸幅紧紧地贴在转鼓的表面。加热的转鼓通过蒸发作用降低纸幅的水分含量至所需的水平。
应该了解的是,成形、压榨及干燥织物都在造纸机上采用无端环(endless loop)的形式,并且都起到传送带的作用。应该进一步了解的是,纸幅生产是一种以相当快的速度进行的连续过程。也就是说,在成形部内,纤维浆连续地沉积到成形织物上,而刚生产出的纸幅在离开干燥部后就被连续地卷绕到辊筒上。
现有织物采用广泛、多样的形式设计来制造以满足造纸机需要,根据制造的纸张的等级,将织物安装在造纸机上。通常,织物包含机织形式或其它形式的底布。此外,在织物用于压榨部的情况下,压榨织物具有一层或更多层底布,底布中针刺有细的无纺纤维材料毛层。底布可由单丝纱线、捻合单丝纱线、复丝纱线或捻合复丝纱线织成,并且可是单层的、多层的或层叠的。纱线通常由在纸机织物技术领域中的技术人员为此目的而使用的合成聚合树脂中的任何一种挤出而成,例如聚酰胺及聚酯树脂。
织造底布本身具有不同的形式。例如,其可织成环形、或者先平织然后用织成的接缝将其转变为闭合的形式。或者,其可通过公知的经过改进的环形织造工艺来制造,其中底布的横向边缘设有使用其机器方向(MD)纱线所形成的接缝环。在这种工艺中,MD纱线在织物的横向边缘之间连续地来回交织,在各边缘处折返并形成接缝环。以这种方式生产的底布,在安装至造纸机时设置成环状形式,并因此被称为机上缝合织物。为了把这种织物放置为环状形式,需要把两个横向边缘拉在一起,两个边缘上的接缝环互相交叉,然后用接缝针或销线穿入相互交叉的接缝环所形成的通道中。
此外,织造底布可通过下述方式层合而成:将至少一层底布放置于由另一层底布所形成的无端环内,并类似于压榨织物的情况,针刺短纤维毛层穿透这些底布,以此将其彼此连接。一层或多层织造底布可为机上接缝的类型。这就是公知的具有复合基底支撑结构的层叠压榨织物。
在任何情况下,织物都呈无端环的形式,或者缝合成此种形式,其在纵向环绕测量时具有规定的长度,而在横向跨越测量时具有规定的宽度。
现在更具体地参照在瓦楞成形机上用于制造瓦楞纸板或盒纸板的工业用织物。这种工业用织物用于形成瓦楞成形机带。在瓦楞成形机上,瓦楞成形机带支撑并牵引一张箱纸板及一张纸板穿越辊筒,该辊筒向纸板添加波纹或CD(纵向)瓦楞。然后,这些至少两片纸板由一条或多条带支撑,首先通过加热区,然后通过冷却区,在加热区中,干燥并固化用于将至少两层纸板结合在一起的粘合剂。在瓦楞成形机带,具体在其表面侧或纸板侧,与瓦楞纸板之间的摩擦力主要用于牵引瓦楞纸板通过机器。
瓦楞成形机带应该坚固且耐用,以及在机器上经受张力及高温条件时应该具有良好的尺寸稳定性。带在纵向或机器方向上也必须具有相当的柔韧性,同时在横机器方向上具有足够的刚性,从而使带能够被引导绕行其环状路径。通常,还需要带具有足够多的孔,以允许蒸汽自由穿过其间,同时又要与水汽充分不相容,以避免冷凝蒸汽的吸附而使瓦楞纸产品的表面回湿。
如前文所述,瓦楞成形机带在安装在瓦楞成形机上时采用无端环的形式。在此形式中,瓦楞成形机带具有表面侧或纸板侧,即无端环的外侧,以及具有背侧,即无端环的内侧。背侧与瓦楞成形机的主动辊之间的摩擦力移动瓦楞成形机带,而表面与瓦楞纸板片之间的摩擦力则牵引纸片通过机器。
瓦楞成形机带通常为平织的多层织物,各层按尺寸要求织成,或以适于其安装在瓦楞成形机上的长度及宽度在其纵向及横向上进行修整。织物的端部设有接缝构件,使得在瓦楞成形机带安装在瓦楞成形机上时,可用针、销线或缆线将其彼此连接。
在常规的瓦楞成形机中,加热区包括一系列热板,瓦楞成形机带牵引瓦楞纸板片跨越热板。在由瓦楞成形机带形成的无端环内的多个被动辊将瓦楞成形机带向热板挤压,使得瓦楞成形机带可在所选择的压力下牵引纸片越过热板。被动辊确保纸片被紧紧地压向热板,并且确保瓦楞成形机带与纸片之间的摩擦力充分大,以使带能够牵引纸幅。
在新一代的瓦楞成形机中,空气轴承已取代了被动辊,空气轴承对着瓦楞成形机带的背侧并向着热板的方向引导高速气流,以将瓦楞成形机带推向热板。高速气流穿过瓦楞成形机带将导致带从瓦楞纸板面上隆起,并使纸板在运行方向上相对于带滑动,从而导致纸板与热板之间接触不良,并且最终导致层叠的瓦楞纸板产品中产生不良且不均匀的粘结,为了防止高速气流穿过瓦楞成形机带,因此在具有空气轴承的机器上,使用背侧具有聚合树脂材料层的瓦楞成形机带,该聚合树脂材料层具有不渗透性并密封瓦楞成形机带,以防止空气从其中穿过。对上述内容更详细的描述记载于,例如,美国专利No.6,186,209。
在更新一代的瓦楞成形机中,已取消使用将瓦楞纸板网压向热板的瓦楞成形机带,以避免这种与带有关的问题,如接缝痕、边缘变形、边缘磨损及板扭曲。取而代之地,一对带从上下两个方向将瓦楞纸板片夹在中间,从加热区下游进入冷却区,并且牵引纸板通过冷却区。
现有的瓦楞成形机带安装在最新一代的瓦楞成形机上的时候,发现其运转效果并不令人满意。目前,瓦楞成形机带具有针刺或织造表面,其相对于瓦楞纸板的摩擦系数在0.15至0.20的范围内。由于瓦楞成形机带仅在冷却区中接触瓦楞纸板网,接触的总面积远小于旧式机器特有的接触面积,因此现有的带不能产生足够大的摩擦力,以牵引该网通过瓦楞成形机。
显然,这种最新型的瓦楞成形机所需的瓦楞成形机带,其表面相对于瓦楞纸板的摩擦系数大于现有的带,使得带能够产生所需的摩擦力。例如,美国专利No.6,276,420对这种瓦楞成形机带进行了描述。
现在更具体地参照用于造纸机干燥部的织物,干燥转筒通常排列成顶行/层和底行/层。位于底层的干燥转筒与位于顶层的转筒错开,而不是绝对的垂直关系。当正在干燥的纸幅通过干燥部的时候,纸幅轮流穿过顶层与底层之间,首先绕过两层中一层中的一个干燥转筒,然后绕过另一层中的一个干燥转筒,循序前进直到通过整个干燥部。
在许多干燥部中,顶层及底层的干燥转筒各自套有独立的干燥织物。在这种类型的干燥部中,正在干燥的纸幅无支撑地穿越一层干燥转筒与另一层干燥转筒之间的空间或“口袋”。
当机器速度提高时,正在干燥的纸幅在穿越口袋时容易摆动,也常常破裂。因此需要将整台造纸机停车,然后将纸幅重新穿进干燥部,这种需要对生产速度及效率具有不利的影响。
为了提高生产速度并使纸幅所受干扰最小化,采用单程干燥部(single-run dryer sections),以高于传统干燥部所能达到的速度来运送欲干燥的纸张。在单程干燥部中,单一干燥织物沿弯曲路径依次绕行顶层及底层中的干燥转筒。这样,即使没有有效地支撑纸幅,也能将其引导穿越顶层及底层之间的口袋。
可以了解的是,在单程干燥部中,干燥织物将正在干燥的纸幅直接贴在两层中的一层干燥转筒上,并携带该纸幅绕行另一层干燥转筒。或者,单程干燥部可仅有一层干燥转筒。这种干燥部在各对烘筒之间的口袋中具有转向辊,其可以是平滑辊、沟槽辊或具有抽吸元件的辊。这种干燥部是公知的单层干燥部(single-tier dryer section)。
在移动中的干燥织物趋近于干燥烘筒或转向辊的狭窄空间,由移动中的干燥织物背面所携载的空气形成压缩楔形。由此在压缩楔形中所产生的气压增加使空气穿过干燥织物向外流动。当纸幅不在干燥织物和烘筒之间的时候,此气流又会将纸张推离干燥织物的纸接触面,此种现象称作“掉落”。“掉落”由于造成边缘破裂而降低纸制品的品质,若导致纸张断裂还会降低机器效率。
许多造纸厂通过在转向辊上机械加工沟槽的方式,或向转向辊增加真空源的方式解决了这个问题,辊与单层干燥织物直接接触。这些措施都可移除收集在压缩楔形内的空气,而不会穿过干燥织物。
关于这一点,织物制造者也向织物上涂覆涂层,以赋予织物更多的功能性,例如“纸幅阻滞法”。Luciano-Fagerholm(美国专利No.5,829,488(Albany),名称为“Dryer Fabric With Hydrophilic PaperContacting Surface”)已引证了施加涂层作为将此功能添加至例如干燥织物上的这种方法的重要性。
Luciano和Fagerholm已证明使用织物的亲水表面处理向织物提供了纸幅支撑特性,同时保持接近原始的渗透性。然而,虽然这种处理织物表面的方法成功地赋予了纸幅阻滞,但仍需要提高涂层的亲水性及耐久性。WO专利97/14846也意识到纸幅阻滞法的重要性,并涉及使用硅酮涂覆材料完全覆盖并浸渍织物,使织物基本不能渗透。然而,这种渗透性的大幅降低对干燥织物的应用来说,是无法接受的。美国专利5,397,438也对纸幅阻滞进行了论述,该专利涉及用粘合剂涂覆织物的横向区域,以避免纸幅收缩。其他相关的现有技术包括美国专利5,731,059,其报道了仅在织物边缘使用硅酮密封剂,用于高温及防拆散保护;以及美国专利5,787,602,其涉及将树脂施加于织物的结节上。上述参考的所有专利均以引用方式并入本文。
然而,上述专利中都没有披露将硅酮选择性地涂覆至工业用织物的结节上,特别是干燥织物的结节上,或涂覆在织物的纸幅接触面上离散的不连续位置上,以增加织物对纸幅的阻滞及耐磨性,同时保持可接受的透气性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于改善工业用织物的纸幅阻滞性能及纸幅导引性能,以及改善该织物的耐磨性及耐温性,同时保持可接受的织物透气性。此改良是通过仅向织物的纸幅接触面上的凸出部分、结节或离散的不连续位置涂覆硅酮材料的方式实现的。本发明所使用的涂覆法可包括接触辊式涂覆、凹版辊式涂覆、轮转凹版印刷、回转筛涂覆、丝网印刷及/或柔性版印刷,或其他适合此目的的方法。
现将参照以下附图对本发明进行更完整详细的说明。
附图说明
图1为依照本发明的造纸用或工业用织物的示意图;
图2为本发明织物的剖面图;
图3为图2所示的织物剖面的俯视图;以及
图4为本发明另一实施例的透视图。
具体实施方式
首先需要注意,虽然本发明的讨论仅涉及干燥织物,但其对造纸工业以及其他工业应用中的其他织物都具有适用性。更多的应用包括工业瓦楞成形机织物。织物结构包括机织物、螺旋缠绕织物、针织物、挤出网眼织物、螺旋连接织物、螺旋线圈织物及其他无纺织物。这些织物可由单丝、捻合单丝、复丝或捻合复丝纱线构成,并且可是单层的、多层的或层合的。纱线通常由在工业用织物技术领域中的技术人员为此目的而使用的合成聚合树脂中的任何一种挤出而成,例如聚酰胺树脂及聚酯树脂。
现在参照这些附图,将对本发明进行更详细的说明。图1为工业用连续织物的一般结构的示意图,该织物可为例如以数字1表示的干燥织物。织物1可以通过织造而成,其实施例图示于图2和图3中。图2示出经纱2与纬纱4以任何适当的组织图案交织的侧视图。在支撑面12及辊接触面14上,经纱与纬纱的交叉处形成了凸起部分或结节8。
依照本发明,发现用硅酮树脂涂覆支撑面12改善了支撑面12的纸幅支撑特性及磨损特性。因此,将硅酮涂层粘附至支撑面12,在经纱2与纬纱4的结节8上形成冠状物6。所形成的冠状物6的宽度通常不大于经纱2及纬纱4的直径,因此不改变所需织物透气性。然而,也可粘附硅酮涂层,使其覆盖纱线2、4在结节8周围更大的表面面积,从而为支撑面12提供更强的纸幅附着力,而又不改变所要求的织物透气性。
应该注意的是,织物不需要是全宽结构,而可以是织物带34,如授予Rexfelt的美国专利No.5,360,656中所披露的,其所披露的内容以引用方式并入本文,如图4所示,织物带随后形成全宽带16。带34可为未卷绕的,然后在完全加工后再卷绕至一组辊筒上。这些卷状的带材料可储存,然后可使用例如上述专利所教导的内容形成环状全宽结构16。
应该了解的是,以依照上述准则制成的涂覆织物完成的应用试验取得了良好的结果,并且证实了本发明的技术效果。其中一个试验涉及,例如,以硅酮涂覆在AERO2000干燥织物的结节上。虽然未涂覆的织物能满足支撑纸幅的要求,但是涂覆硅酮的织物进一步证明了其进一步改善了纸幅阻滞。具体来说,经测定,涂覆硅酮的织物对“湿”纸幅的静摩擦系数及动摩擦系数都在0.4至0.8的正常范围内。另一个试验涉及,例如,“干”纸幅对涂覆硅酮的BELPLANE织物的磨损试验。涂覆硅酮的织物证明了其具有改善的耐磨性。关于这一点,也应该注意到,硅酮具有极好的耐高温性,这对暴露于高温的织物应用是适合的。
现在对硅酮涂层的制备进行说明。首先,应该理解的是,本发明所使用的硅酮可包括,例如,过氧化物固化硅酮、铂固化硅酮、室温硫化硅酮(例如RTV-1或RTV-2硅酮)、液态硅酮橡胶(LSR)及水溶性硅酮。应该进一步理解的是,硅酮可填充或不填充添加剂。将添加剂加入硅酮中,产生了单独使用硅酮所无法提供的更多的织物性能。最后,应该了解的是,加入添加剂为硅酮树脂提供了粘性,粘性允许硅酮树脂在织物的纸幅接触面上的织物结节或离散的不连续位置上进行选择性涂覆。
依照本发明,涂覆法可包括现有公知技术,例如,接触辊式涂覆、凹版辊式涂覆、轮转凹版印刷、回转筛涂覆、丝网印刷或柔性版印刷。应该理解的是,在使用时,这些涂覆及印刷方法具有技术构件,例如压花表面、压印表面模印区域或加工辊筒的构造。这使得涂层可以如上文所述的,选择性地、精确计量地以及均匀地涂覆。应该进一步理解的是,涂覆之后,干燥或工业用织物上的涂层将以下列方法之一进行固化、凝固及/或浓缩:热烘箱、热轴、热辊、热气、紫外线光源、冷却箱、冷却气体或这些方法的结合。
虽然本发明根据其特定的具体实施例加以描述,但是对于本领域技术人员来说,可以容易地对上述实施方案进行多种修改和改进,或应用于其他领域,而不偏离本发明的目的、精神和范围。所有这些改动均在本发明权利要求范围内。例如,非常小的面积即仅相当于几个结节的面积上可涂覆有硅酮,同时仍保持可接受的织物渗透性。此外,硅酮在织物的横向上可使用变化的密度,例如,通过涂覆更多的结节,或涂覆更大的比例的结节或织物表面面积。在这点上,虽然具体以织造织物中的结节或其他凸起部分的情况进行描述,但本发明也应用于需要将涂层涂覆至离散的不连续区域上的其他结构的织物。最后,虽然特别指出使用硅酮,但本发明也可利用本领域技术人员所知在工业应用中所用的其他高粘度涂料及浸渍剂。

Claims (16)

1.一种工业用织物,包括基底及硅酮树脂涂层,该硅酮树脂涂层仅粘附在凸起表面或粘附在离散的不连续位置上,以提高所述织物的纸幅导引性能及纸幅阻滞性能,同时保持所需织物透气性。
2.根据权利要求1所述的织物,其中所述凸起部分由多根经纱与多根纬纱交织而形成,以在所述织物上形成多个结节表面。
3.根据权利要求1所述的织物,其中所述硅酮选自由过氧化物固化硅酮、铂固化硅酮、室温硫化硅酮、液态硅酮橡胶以及水溶性硅酮所组成的组。
4.根据权利要求1所述的织物,其中向所述硅酮树脂中加入至少一种添加剂,以增强所述涂层对所述织物的粘附性。
5.根据权利要求1所述的织物,其中所述织物为成形织物、压榨织物、干燥织物、空气穿透干燥(TAD)织物、瓦楞成形机织物或工程织物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的织物,其中所述基底选自基本由机织物、螺旋缠绕织物、针织物、挤出网眼织物、螺旋连接织物、螺旋线圈织物及其他无纺织物组成的组。
7.一种用于造纸机干燥部的干燥织物,包括:
多根经纱以及多根与其交织的纬纱,以在所述干燥织物上形成多个结节表面;以及
硅酮树脂涂层,仅粘附在所述结节表面或粘附在离散的不连续位置上,以提高所述织物的纸幅阻滞性能及纸幅导引性能,同时保持所需织物透气性。
8.根据权利要求7所述的干燥织物,其中所述硅酮选自由过氧化物固化硅酮、铂固化硅酮、室温硫化硅酮、液态硅酮橡胶及水溶性硅酮所组成的组。
9.一种干燥织物,该干燥织物在所述织物的凸起部分或离散的不连续位置上涂覆有高粘度硅酮材料,以提高所述织物的摩擦及磨损特性,使其优于未涂覆所述高粘度材料的织物,同时保持所需织物透气性。
10.一种用于造纸机干燥部的干燥织物,为螺旋连结结构,以及具有硅酮树脂涂层,该硅酮树脂涂层仅粘附在所述织物的纸幅接触面上离散的不连续位置上,以提高所述织物的纸幅阻滞性能及纸幅导引性能,同时保持所需织物透气性。
11.一种瓦楞成形机带,其在用于制造瓦楞纸板的瓦楞成形机上运转,并且具有硅酮树脂涂层,该硅酮树脂涂层仅粘附在所述带正面上离散的不连续位置上,以提高所述带的纸幅阻滞性能及纸幅导引性能。
12.一种工业用织物,包括基底及高粘度树脂涂层,该树脂涂层仅粘附在凸起表面或粘附在离散的不连续位置上,以提高所述织物的纸幅导引性能及纸幅阻滞性能,同时保持所需织物透气性。
13.一种工业用织物,包括基底及硅酮树脂涂层,该硅酮树脂涂层仅粘附在凸起表面或粘附在离散的不连续位置上,以提高所述织物的纸幅导引性能及纸幅阻滞性能,同时保持所需织物透气性,其中粘附的硅酮树脂的密度在横贯所述织物的横机器方向上变化。
14.根据权利要求13所述的织物,其中所述硅酮树脂至少施加于所述织物的一个边缘上。
15.根据权利要求13所述的织物,其中所述硅酮树脂施加于所述织物的两个边缘上。
16.根据权利要求13所述的织物,其中粘附的硅酮树脂在所述织物边缘的密度大于其在所述织物中部的密度。
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AU2003295641A1 (en) 2004-07-29
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US7172982B2 (en) 2007-02-06
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BRPI0317832B1 (pt) 2017-05-16
ZA200503972B (en) 2006-10-25
CA2508013A1 (en) 2004-07-22
AU2003295641B2 (en) 2008-09-25
WO2004061207A1 (en) 2004-07-22
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AU2003295641C1 (en) 2009-05-14
RU2005124296A (ru) 2006-01-20
US20040126544A1 (en) 2004-07-01
JP4511369B2 (ja) 2010-07-28
JP2006512502A (ja) 2006-04-13
TW200426274A (en) 2004-12-01
KR20050086919A (ko) 2005-08-30

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