CN1713888A - 用于治疗被太阳损伤的皮肤的膏霜 - Google Patents

用于治疗被太阳损伤的皮肤的膏霜 Download PDF

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CN1713888A
CN1713888A CNA028131169A CN02813116A CN1713888A CN 1713888 A CN1713888 A CN 1713888A CN A028131169 A CNA028131169 A CN A028131169A CN 02813116 A CN02813116 A CN 02813116A CN 1713888 A CN1713888 A CN 1713888A
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J·安德尔森
U·斯坦兰德尔
B·安德尔森
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Abstract

本发明涉及在权利要求1前序部分描述的那类用于局部治疗由某些过程引起的可见的光损伤性皮肤的膏霜,这些过程包括自由基的影响,并且此膏霜也会影响细胞的能量产出,其中膏霜的活性成分由稳定的膏霜基质承载。此膏霜的特征在于含0.5-7%重量的d,1-α-硫辛酸,0.05-0.5%重量的辅酶Q-10,0.001-3%重量的乙酰-1-肉毒碱盐酸盐,它们组成活性成分,由此具有化合物协同作用。

Description

用于治疗被太阳损伤的皮肤的膏霜
本发明涉及在权利要求1的前序部分描述的用于局部治疗由某些过程引起的可见性光损伤性皮肤的那一类膏霜,这些过程包括自由基的影响。
本发明也涉及与权利要求4的前序部分相一致的用于所述膏霜的基质和涉及如在权利要求6的前序部分描述的生产此膏霜的方法。
在每一时代和文明中,人类已经使用了各种不同的方法来改善他们的面貌,并且年轻的外表已经变得愈加地理想化。一个人的个人特质与她的面容有很大的关系。因此,面霜和化妆品被设计来强调和加强年轻的容貌并隐藏和减少岁月的痕迹。年轻的容貌也用晒后的颜色强调。
当暴露于阳光和UV-射线时,皮肤的细胞会被晒伤,这最终会导致可见的损伤-光损伤性皮肤-其表现为局部放大的色素沉着,松弛,细纹,皱纹,扩大的毛孔,眼袋和在皮脂腺中的黑色和暗色堵塞的发展。吸烟,不适当的营养,疾病和压力会使光损伤性皮肤恶化。
如今人们普遍承认的是光损伤性皮肤是由已知称作自由基的氧和氮的短期中间产物引起的,它们主要产生于细胞的线粒体中。自由基会损伤细胞的遗传物质和线粒体并且也会减少线粒体的能量产出。从自由基的普遍出现以来,在细胞水平的特定的防御机制是与生俱来的,包括抗氧化营养物质、修复酶类和各种的调试机制的共同作用。
未修复的损伤会累积,导致能量产出的逐渐减少和自由基产出的增加。
人们已经作了不懈的努力以通过局部应用抗氧化的化合物来影响皮肤和阻止或延迟光损伤性皮肤的发展。一个实例是通过使用抗氧化剂维生素C和E来削弱对光线损害的响应。
也有重要的证据显示抗氧化剂能在细胞水平作为抗炎剂,即通过抑制与酶(激酶)相关的某些炎性因子的激活,以及通过抑制例如核因子κB的转录因子的激活。抗氧剂在皮肤上的使用会阻止促炎细胞因子基因的表达,这些抗炎细胞因子例如TNF-α,IL-1,IL-2,IL-6和IL-8,它们对于暴露于阳光的最初的炎性反应都是很重要的。
大量现有的霜膏中包含具有自由基清除性质的活性成分。视黄酸就是一种这样的成分,它是迄今为止唯一的达成科学一致意见的成分,即在某些方面它能对光损伤性皮肤起积极的作用。
在如下几篇专利中公开了其它的膏霜,WO00/53176中公开的膏霜包含硫辛酸和氨基酸半胱氨酸的组合,EP0945127中公开的膏霜包含乙酰肉毒碱和其它抗氧剂(例如硫辛酸)的组合,DE19806947A1中公开的膏霜包含乙酰肉毒碱和Q-10,US5912272中公开的膏霜包含Q-10。而且也有一些包含连带地有助于细胞能量产出的抗氧剂的膏霜。这些膏霜所共有的特点是它们被声称对于与衰老有关的皮肤变化起作用,这一点很难被说成是唯一的。上面提及的膏霜中均未声称在具有平衡比例的硫辛酸,Q-10和乙酰肉毒碱之间具有协同作用。
本发明的目的是获得一种膏霜,其具有减少光损伤性皮肤的可见性痕迹至相当可观的程度的能力。这是通过使用按照本发明制备的膏霜获得的,它的特性在权利要求1中描述。
像视黄酸一样,此膏霜减少光损伤性皮肤的可见性痕迹而不引起视黄酸的典型的副作用。
最初,一些人可能对于在这种膏霜中的d,l-α-硫辛酸的量具有强烈的反应,然而本发明允许在膏霜中使用较少量的d,l-α-硫辛酸。此膏霜具有在权利要求3中提及的特性。
本发明的另一个目的是获得一种基质,其能包封和稳定膏霜中的活性物质,并且在经过足够长的时期后它们仍能以理想的形式存在。提供的基质具有在权利要求4中提及的性质。
本发明的另一目的是获得一种方法,当生产膏霜时利用此方法来在基质中分散和乳化d,l-α-硫辛酸。这是通过具有权利要求5的特性的方法获得的。
硫辛酸是有效的脂溶性和水溶性抗氧剂,它能通过植物也能通过动物被合成。它的氧化型和还原型(二氢硫辛酸)都有抗氧化活性。硫辛酸有效地清除,尤其是羟基自由基、单态氧和一氧化氮,并作为细胞内的炎性应答的调节剂。至少从理论上讲,分子的大小和溶解性应该建立更好的条件来达到在皮肤上的临床效果(与其它已知的抗氧剂相比)。在皮肤上局部施用的硫辛酸会快速地穿透表皮的角质层并且能在约4小时内在真皮内被发现。硫辛酸能被容易地转化成它的还原型,并且在外部施用硫辛酸后,硫辛酸和二氢硫辛酸在细胞内和细胞外水平的作用都是明显的。
与硫辛酸一样,辅酶Q-10也能通过植物和动物被合成。人类Q-10的自我合成通过甲羟戊酸链发生,在那里合成一些脂肪和脂肪类似物质。Q-10以它的还原形式(ubiquinol)作为抗氧剂。与其它抗氧剂相比,ubiquinol的浓度在表皮中是特别高的,与在真皮中相反。这能被解释为对于通过ubiquinol的表皮的抗氧剂保护有更大的需求。施用于皮肤的Q-10的同化作用发生相对快速,这是由接触的浓度和持续时间决定的。当向皮肤施用Q-10的乙醇溶液时,在穿透表皮的角质层后,约20%将到达表皮的存活部分并且约2%到达真皮。
除了它们的抗氧化性质,硫辛酸和Q-10都在细胞的能量产出中具有基本的作用。硫辛酸存在于线粒体柠檬酸循环的若干酶系统中。已显示补充硫辛酸会改善线粒体的性能并且能逆转一些涉及老化的过程。Q-10构成了电子传递链的一部分,在那里此物质会提高电子传输能力和细粒体内膜的电位。
包含在本发明的膏霜中的另一种物质是乙酰肉毒碱。乙酰肉毒碱被包含在膏霜中是因为它能以催化量恢复线粒体的脂肪酸氧化,其在老化的线粒体中被削弱。
在控制(conrrolled)研究中,Q-10在某些程度上已经显示出对于光损伤性皮肤起作用。已发现乙酰肉毒碱被使用于各种皮肤护理产品中,但是没有任何其对于光损伤性皮肤作用的报道。在开放的非控制临床试验中已经显示在某一程度上硫辛酸对于光损伤性皮肤起作用。
以特定的量组合硫辛酸,Q-10和乙酰肉毒碱会产生不寻常的协同效应,与在一种和相同的基质中独立地含有硫辛酸和独立地含有Q-10和乙酰肉毒碱相比,所有这三种物质的组合对于光损伤性皮肤产生了提高的作用。
本发明描述的膏霜包含基于水的基质,其已经被特别地发展来分散和乳化硫辛酸,Q-10和乙酰肉毒碱。此外,基质组分的目标是使膏霜具有合适的稠度,并作为软化剂和保湿剂。为获得所述的协同作用合适的制剂具有如下成分:0.5-7%重量的d,l-α-硫辛酸,优选5.0%重量,0.05-0.5%重量的辅酶Q-10,其中0.3%重量是好的平衡量,0.01-3%重量的乙酰-1-肉毒碱盐酸盐,其中0.03%重量是好的平衡量,和这些是被包含在构成上述提及的成分的基础处方理想的基质中,基础处方包含20-80%重量的水,其中46.32%重量是平衡重量,5-50%重量的在2%水溶液中的黄原胶,其中15.0%重量是平衡量,1-40%重量的辛酸/癸酸的甘油三酸酯,其中13.0%重量是平衡量,1-25%重量的Prunus dulcis油,其中4.0%重量是平衡量,0.5-10%重量的PEG-75硬脂酸盐,其中3.3%重量是平衡量,0.5-10%重量的硬脂酸甘油酯,其中2.7%重量是平衡量,1-10%重量的十六/十八醇(cetearyl),其中3.0%重量是平衡量,1-10%重量的二甲基硅油,其中3.0%重量是平衡量,1-15%重量的甘油,其中3.0%是平衡量,0.1-1.0%重量的苯氧乙醇,其中0.355%重量是平衡量,0.05-1.0%重量的对羟基苯甲酸甲酯,其中0.085%重量是平衡量,0.005-0.5%重量的对羟基苯甲酸丁酯,其中0.02%重量是平衡量,0.005-0.5%重量的对羟基苯甲酸乙酯,其中0.02%重量是平衡量,0.005-0.5%重量的对羟基苯甲酸丙酯,其中0.01%重量是平衡量,0.005-0.5%重量的对羟基苯甲酸异丁酯,其中0.01%重量是平衡量,0.05-5%重量的在10%水溶液中的氢氧化钠,其中0.4%重量是平衡量,0.05-5%重量的香料,其中0.25%重量是平衡量和0.05-5%重量的卡波姆,其中0.2%重量是平衡量。
在Karolinska医院皮肤科有资格的人员的参与下,进行了常规的临床试验来在临床上确定此膏霜对于面部皮肤结构的影响。此研究包括32名年龄在40-75岁之间的女性病人,她们具有按照Fitzpatrick的相应的皮肤类型I,II和III(阳光-反应性皮肤类型I-VI的有效性和实用性,Archives of dermatology,124卷,869-871页,1988年6月)。随机在病人脸的左侧或右侧施用编号的verum膏霜并在脸的另一侧施用对照膏霜。verum膏霜与本发明的组成一致,对照膏霜除了不含硫辛酸也具有相同的组成。在试验期的十二个星期中,每天早晚施用膏霜。在试验开始时,由受过培训的研究护士在脸的左侧和右侧分别制作硅复制品(除了眼角)。由专门的皮肤摄影师给每个病人拍照并由医生评价有关的十一个不同方面。医生在五个不同的时机重复评估,最后一次是在试验期结束时。在试验期结束时也由相同的专业人员重复制作硅复制品和照相。
将在试验期结束时由医生作出的评估与在试验开始时作出的评估相比较(临床评估)。也用照相比较进行相同的程序(照相评估)。利用激光面形测定器比较在试验期结束时的硅复制品和相应的试验期开始时的复制品(激光面形测定测量)。计算机辅助激光面形测定器是用于定量地分析皮肤表面结构变化的客观系统。最终参与者利用在试验期中四个时机的评价形式来评价治疗的结果,最后一次是在试验期结束时。
全面履行的临床和照相评估以及自我-评估分级使用下面的等级:1=较差,2=无可识别的变化,3=略微可见/可见改善,4=中等-显而易见的改善,5=显著的-非常显著的改善。激光面形测定测量显示与最初值相比以百分比计算的变化。在试验结果的评价中使用Wilcoxon’s配对试验。结果显示在图1-图4中,图1(自我评价)p=0.0015,图2(照相评价)p=0.025,图3(临床评价)p=0.033,图4(激光面形测定测量)p<0.001。

Claims (6)

1.用于局部治疗由某些过程引起的光损伤性皮肤的面部膏霜,这些过程包括自由基的作用,也作用于细胞的能量产出,其中膏霜的活性成分由稳定的基质承载,其特征在于0.5-7%重量的d,l-α-硫辛酸,0.05-0.5%重量的辅酶Q-10,0.01-3%重量的乙酰-1-肉毒碱盐酸盐,它们组成活性成分,由此具有化合物协同作用。
2.根据权利要求1的膏霜,其特征在于5%重量的d,l-α-硫辛酸,0.3%重量的辅酶Q-10和0.03%重量的乙酰-1-肉毒碱盐酸盐。
3.根据权利要求1的膏霜,其特征在于1%重量的d,l-α-硫辛酸,0.3%重量的辅酶Q-10和0.03%重量的乙酰-1-肉毒碱盐酸盐。
4.被发展来构成用于根据前述任一项权利要求的膏霜的基本配方的基质,其具有分散和乳化膏霜的活性成分和添加保湿、软化、稳定、防腐能力,且使霜膏具有皮肤渗透性质,其特征在于基质的成分包括:20-80%重量的水,5-50%重量的在2%水溶液中的黄原胶,1-40%重量的辛酸/癸酸的甘油三酸酯,1-25%重量的Prunus dulcis油,0.5-10%重量的PEG-75硬脂酸酯,0.5-10%重量的硬脂酸甘油酯,1-10%重量的十六/十八醇,1-10%重量的二甲基硅油,1-15%重量的甘油,0.1-1.0%重量的苯氧乙醇,0.05-1.0%重量的对羟基苯甲酸甲酯,0.005-0.5%重量的对羟基苯甲酸丁酯,0.005-0.5%重量的对羟基苯甲酸乙酯,0.005-0.5%重量的对羟基苯甲酸丙酯,0.005-0.5%重量的对羟基苯甲酸异丁酯,0.05-5%重量的在10%水溶液中的氢氧化钠,0.05-5%重量的香料和0.05-5%重量的卡波姆。
5.根据权利要求4的基质,其特征在于各种成分的平衡量是:46.32%重量的水,15.0%重量的在2%水溶液中的黄原胶,13.0%重量的辛酸/癸酸的甘油三酸酯,4.0%重量的Prunus dulcis油,3.3%重量的PEG-75硬脂酸酯,2.7%重量的硬脂酸甘油酯,3.0%重量的十六/十八醇,3.0%重量的二甲基硅油,3.0%重量的甘油,0.355%重量的苯氧乙醇,0.085%重量的对羟基苯甲酸甲酯,0.02%重量的对羟基苯甲酸丁酯,0.02%重量的对羟基苯甲酸乙酯,0.01%重量的对羟基苯甲酸丙酯,0.01%重量的对羟基苯甲酸异丁酯,0.4%重量的在10%水溶液中的氢氧化钠,0.25%重量的香料和0.2%重量的卡波姆。
6.在制备根据上述权利要求中任一项的膏霜中在基质里分散和乳化d,l-α-硫辛酸的方法,其特征在于在与其余的成分混合之前,先将活性成分d,l-α-硫辛酸溶解在辛酸/癸酸的甘油三酸酯中,然后将d,l-α-硫辛酸和辛酸/癸酸的甘油三酸酯的混合物加入到基质中。
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