CN1709469A - 人参北芪分散片制剂及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
人参北芪分散片制剂及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于纯中药复方制剂,特别涉及一种人参北芪分散片制剂及其制备工艺。人参北芪分散片由人参、黄芪等主辅料按合理重量配比制成,其制备工艺:取人参粉碎成细粉过60-100目筛,加入黄芪膏粉过60-100目筛;将以上人参与黄芪干浸膏粉碎成细粉过80~100目筛,先加入甘露醇、滑石粉、混匀,再与其余辅料充分混匀,过80-100目筛,加入聚乙二醇4000制成软材制粒,整粒,干燥再混合,压片,即得成品。本发明达到的有益效果是:该制剂具有疗效确切、疗程短、见效快,服用方便、制作工艺简单,成本低、无毒副作用、稳定性好及价格适中等诸多优点,值得临床上推广,具有较好的社会效益和经济效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纯中药复方制剂,特别涉及一种人参北芪分散片制剂及其制备工艺。
技术背景
人参是五加科。人参属植物,对很多疾病的治疗有很好的效果,是一种传统的名贵药材。近十几年来,有许多学者报道了人参的抗肿瘤作用。研究发现:人参中的抗肿瘤有效成分主要是人参多糖和人参皂苷。人参多糖的抗肿瘤机制可能是通过调节肌体的免疫功能来实现的。实验研究证明:人参多糖对正常肌体和荷瘤肌体的免疫功能都有增强作用,是一种免疫刺激剂,可以增强网状内皮系统的吞噬功能,对血清补体Igg及抗体生成等具有促进作用,对肿瘤细胞具有抑制作用,但无直接杀伤作用,也缺乏明显的量效关系。其毒性很小,口服应用十分安全。提示人参多糖可以作为具有抗肿瘤作用的功能食品应用。
人参含多种人参皂甙(ginsehoside),如人参皂甙Ra1、.Ra2、Rb2、Rb3、Rc、Rd、Re、Rf、Rg1、Rg2、Rh、Ro。
人参总皂苷的抗肿瘤作用,多有学者进行研究。其抗肿瘤作用的可能机制是调节肌体的免疫功能,抑制或杀伤肿瘤细胞。人参总皂苷对天然杀伤细胞(NKC)的活性具有增强作用,使NKC更有效的发挥对肿瘤细胞的杀伤作用,同时又促进NKC分泌干扰素(IFN)和白细胞介素-2(IL-2)进一步增强其抗肿瘤作用。而IFN可使NKC前体细胞加速成熟,使NKC结合肿瘤细胞速度加快,使重复杀伤肿瘤细胞的周期缩短;IL-2可以诱生IFN和LAK(淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞)的产生而发挥对肿瘤细胞的杀伤作用。人参总皂苷还可以提高T细胞和巨噬细胞的功能,也促进特异性体液免疫和非特异性体液免疫,从而发挥对肿瘤细胞的杀伤作用。
北芪,又名黄芪,为豆科植物蒙古黄芪或荚膜黄芪的干燥根,现代医学发现其药理作用甚广,除能增强肌体免疫功能、增强细胞代谢、调节DNA复制RNA和蛋白质的合成外,还有固肾降压、保肝抗炎的功能。
黄芪是一种常用的补气升阳的中药,现已证实其具有增强机体非特异性、改善心功能、扩张冠状动脉、利尿消肿、抗菌、抗病毒、促进造血功能、抗疲劳、抗衰老等作用。为了更好的发挥它的作用和方便临床应用,将其有效成分提取出来制成了注射液,从而提高了疗效,减少了不良反应,为临床应用开辟了广阔前景。
黄芪中的有效成分黄芪苷具有较强的正性肌力作用,有保护心肌、减轻心肌缺血功能,其机制是通过抑制磷酸二酯酶的活性,使环磷腺苷(cAMP)分解减少,心肌细胞中cAMP浓度增加,促进肌浆网内钙离子的释放,从而使心肌细胞的兴奋-收缩偶联活动加。黄芪还能改善血液流变学,降低血液粘滞度,减轻心脏负荷。
黄芪可增强网状内皮系统和巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,促进T细胞转化率、T细胞玫瑰花结形成率,诱导干扰素生成,提高白细胞介素的活性。黄芪还有类似激素样作用抑制过敏反应,具有免疫调节作用。此外,黄芪还具有抗菌作用和干扰病毒复制的功能。
黄芪可使血肌酐下降,明显改善肾实质细胞的代谢,故对肾功能有较显著的促进作用。
从目前的临床应用看,黄芪在心血管疾病、免疫力降低引起的呼吸系统疾病及肾病综合症等方面表现出较好的辅助治疗效果。
人参北芪分散片适用于扶正固本、补气升阳、补虚生津、用于肢体倦怠、神疲乏力、多梦健忘、可应用于各类心脑血管疾病,肿瘤放化疗辅助治疗,能提高免疫调节功能,治疗免疫缺陷性疾患,改善中枢神经系统功能,抗疲劳,改善学习记忆功能,尚可用于体质虚弱,糖尿病,各类肝炎及抗病毒性感染。
该药具有疗程短,见效快,无毒副作用及价格适中等诸多优点,因此值得在临床推广应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是研制一种人参北芪分散片制剂及其制备工艺,该制剂是将人参、北芪经科学方法提取其有效成分,采用常规方法制备的纯中药复方制剂。旨在提供一种能够扶正固本、补气升阳、补虚生津,用于肢体倦怠、神疲乏力、多梦健忘,可应用于各类心脑血管疾病,肿瘤放化疗辅助治疗,能提高免疫调节功能,治疗免疫缺陷性疾患,改善中枢神经系统功能,抗疲劳,改善学习记忆功能,尚可用于体质虚弱,糖尿病,各类肝炎及抗病毒性感染的人参北芪分散片制剂及其制备工艺。
本发明的特征在于,人参北芪分散片由以下主辅料按合理重量配比制成:
单位处方1000片,含人参皂甙,如人参皂甙Ra1、.Ra2、Rb2、Rb3、Rc、Rd、Re、Rf、Rg1、Rg2、Rh、Ro;黄芪含黄芪甲甙、三萜葡萄糖甙、黄芪多糖、生物类黄酮、黄芪多糖、氨基酸。
人参北芪片按重量配比(1000片0.3g/片):
人参 50-250g
黄芪 200-500g
甘露醇 20-80g
滑石粉 1-30g
微粉硅胶 1-30g
微经纤维素 25-100g
交联聚维酮 20-85g
羧甲基淀粉钠 10-80g
硬脂酸镁 1-30g
甲基纤维素 1-50g
羟乙基纤维素醚 1.5-85g
高取代羟丙基纤维素 2-75g
乙基纤维素分散体 10-100g
聚乙二醇4000 1-80g
聚乙二醇6000 1-80g
羟丙基甲基纤维素 5-35g
硼酸 1.0-50g
苯甲酸钠 1.0-35g
制备工艺:取人参粉碎成细粉过60-100目筛,加入黄芪膏粉过60-100目筛;将以上人参与黄芪干浸膏粉碎成细粉过80~100目筛,先加入甘露醇、滑石粉、混匀,再与其余辅料充分混匀(辅料均过80-100目筛)加入聚乙二醇4000制成软材制粒,整粒,干燥再混合,压片,即得成品。
其中,黄芪膏粉的制作:取黄芪,加水4-8倍量煎煮二次,每次3小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩成膏,干燥,粉碎成细粉过60-100目筛,即得黄芪膏粉。
本发明达到的有益效果是:该制剂具有疗效确切、疗程短、见效快,服用方便、制作工艺简单,成本低、无毒副作用、稳定性好及价格适中等诸多优点,值得临床上推广,具有较好的社会效益和经济效益。
作用机制:用人参,黄芪等为主要组成的人参北芪分散片,具有扶正固本、补气升阳、补虚生津、肢体倦怠、神疲乏力、多梦健忘。用于各类心脑血管疾病,肿瘤放化疗辅助治疗,治疗各类免疫缺陷性疾患。改善中枢系统功能,抗疲劳。
用法用量:
口服,1次1.2g-1.8g(4-6片),一日三次。
具体实施方式
单位处方(1000片0.3g/片)其中:
人参 50g
黄芪 200g
甘露醇 30g
滑石粉 18g
微粉硅胶 5g
微经纤维素 25g
交联聚维酮 20g
羧甲基淀粉钠 5g
硬脂酸镁 8g
甲基纤维素 8g
羟乙基纤维素醚 1.8g
高取代羟丙基纤维素 5g
乙基纤维素分散体 15g
聚乙二醇4000 3g
聚乙二醇6000 3g
羟丙基甲基纤维素 5g
硼酸 1g
苯甲酸钠 1g
二、制备工艺:
取人参粉碎成细粉过100目筛,加入黄芪膏粉过100目筛;将以上人参与黄芪干浸膏粉碎成细粉过100目筛,先加入甘露醇、滑石粉、混匀,再与其余辅料充分混匀(100目筛)加入聚乙二醇4000制成软材制粒,干燥再混合,压片,即得成品。
其中,黄芪膏粉的制作:取黄芪,加水6倍量煎煮二次,每次3小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩成膏,干燥,粉碎成细粉过100目筛,即得黄芪膏粉。
临床应用:
1、对中枢神经系统的作用:人参对中枢神经系统有兴奋作用,治疗量能缩短神经反射的潜伏期、并加快冲动的传导、增加条件反射强度,提高分析能力和工作能力,但较大剂量时可出现镇静作用。
2、增强机体抵抗力及调节功能:动物实验表明,人参黄芪能增加机体对外界有害刺激因素(如放射、缺氧、毒物和病原微生物等)
3、对代谢及内分泌的影响:祖国医学上人参用于消渴症,其中包括糖尿病,现已证明人参与胰岛素有协同作用,单独应用对血糖影响并不显著,但能改善自觉症状。人参有促性腺作用,能加速动物性成熟过程,并使动物动情期延长。
4.对T淋巴细胞的调节作用:人参与黄芪对T淋巴细胞的作用是多方面的,如黄芪注射液可明显增加荷瘤小鼠的T细胞总数(TLC)与辅助细胞数(Th)同时外周血a-醋酸萘酯酶(ANAE+)细胞阳性反应增加。体内注射可以促进Con。A诱导的T淋巴细胞增殖与转化。体外实验表明,低浓度黄芪可促进淋巴细胞转化能力,而高浓度反而使之活力受抑,说明黄芪具有免疫增强和免疫抑制的双向调节作用黄芪的蒸馏提取液使荷瘤小鼠的T细胞增殖能力显著增加,也说明黄芪可以通过提高免疫能力增加机体抗瘤活力,单味黄芪水煎剂不但可以促进正常大、小鼠T淋巴细胞转化,增加小鼠YAC花环与EA花环形成率,还使环磷酰胺(CY)造成的免疫低下大、小鼠的淋巴细胞转化能力增加,虽未达到正常值,但与CY对照组比有显著差异。对Co60造成的免疫抑制小鼠脚垫DTH有生高作用。
5.对B淋巴细胞的调节作用:研究表明无论体内注射还是体外实验,均发现人参与黄芪对脾细胞增殖无明显影响,但可提高PFC值,促进循环免疫复合物(CIC)的清除。单味黄芪能减轻60Co照射对小鼠脾脏B细胞的破坏,而对轻化可的松(HC)所致免疫低下小鼠的PFC和溶血有显著提高之功效。CY造模的免疫抑制小鼠,在给予黄芪后,血清IgG水平也显著增加。对细胞因子的诱生作用体内实验表明,黄芪能诱生IL-2水平,但高浓度黄芪在体外实验中却抑制IL-2诱生。这也证实了黄芪具有免疫调节的双相性。黄芪还能显著提高免疫抑制小鼠的IL-2、TNF-β、IFN-γ的诱生水平。
Claims (3)
1.一种人参北芪分散片制剂,其特征在于,人参北芪分散片由以下主辅料按合理重量配比制成:
人参北芪分散片单位处方1000片,0.3g/片,其中:
人参 50-250g
黄芪 200-500g
甘露醇 20-80g
滑石粉 1-30g
微粉硅胶 1-30g
微经纤维素 25-100g
交联聚维酮 20-85g
羧甲基淀粉钠 10-80g
硬脂酸镁 1-30g
甲基纤维素 1-50g
羟乙基纤维素醚 1.5-85g
高取代羟丙基纤维素 2-75g
乙基纤维素分散体 10-100g
聚乙二醇4000 1-80g
聚乙二醇6000 1-80g
羟丙基甲基纤维素 5-35g
硼酸 1.0-50g
苯甲酸钠 1.0-35g
2.如权利要求1所述的人参北芪分散片制剂的制备工艺,其特征在于,取人参粉碎成细粉过60-100目筛,加入黄芪膏粉过60-100目筛;将以上人参与黄芪膏粉碎成细粉过80~100目筛,先加入甘露醇、滑石粉、混匀,再与其余辅料充分混匀,辅料均过80-100目筛,加入聚乙二醇4000制成软材制粒,整粒,干燥再混合,压片,即得成品。
3.根据权利要求2所述的人参北芪分散片制剂的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述的黄芪膏粉的制作:取黄芪,加水4-8倍量煎煮二次,每次3小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩成膏,干燥,粉碎成细粉过60-100目筛,即得黄芪膏粉。
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