CN1709009A - 具有用于钎焊连接的非透明接触表面的透明窗玻璃 - Google Patents
具有用于钎焊连接的非透明接触表面的透明窗玻璃 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种透明窗玻璃(1.1),特别是一种玻璃制成的窗玻璃,具有至少一个不透明的导电接触表面(3),该接触表面(3)设置在该窗玻璃的一个表面上,以便将该接触表面(3)通过钎焊连接到一个接合部件(4)上。根据本发明,钎焊的位置区域中,该接触表面设有至少一个切割部分(3A),通过该切割部分(3A)钎焊补充金属(5)在将接合部件(4)钎焊到接触表面(3)上之后可以透过窗玻璃(1)可见。这样的结构使得很难识别钎焊的位置,尤其是如果需要通过感应加热,将钎焊位置引入到复合窗玻璃内部并且进行钎焊的情况下。
Description
本发明涉及一种透明窗玻璃,尤其是一种玻璃制成的窗玻璃,该窗玻璃具有至少一个非透明导电接触表面,该接触表面设置在窗玻璃的一个表面上,从而通过钎焊将该接触表面连接到一个接合部件上。
已知这样的窗玻璃的多种实施例。在大多数应用中,所述窗玻璃在表面上支撑有导电功能的元件,例如导电轨道,在整个表面上的覆盖层的形式的一些加热或者天线表面,这些导电轨道或者加热或者天线表面必须通过至少一个接触表面与外部接合部件钎焊连接。
通常,所述接触表面(例如导电轨道或者根据情况的所述功能元件本身)是通过应用导电铜焊剂而实现的;有时,还使用镀锡金属板的薄条带,该薄条带本身通过钎焊连接到窗玻璃的所述在需要时被预镀锡的表面上。在所有情况中,通过该自由侧面将一个接合部件应用到所述接触表面上,然后进行钎焊。
还知道一些复合窗玻璃的实施例:所述复合窗玻璃在其刚性窗玻璃之间结合有导电功能元件,在复合窗玻璃的边缘附近设有上述类型的待钎焊的导电接合部件,当然,在这里使用了一些例如具有在文件DE-C219536131所述结构的可能是平的接合部件。(DE-C119829151)还已经提出仅仅在实现预复合件之后提供施加感应或者激光束进行钎焊(柔和的)所需的热量。柔和的钎焊应理解为使用具有不超过450℃的低熔点的用于钎焊的补充金属。
总体来说,所述待钎焊的接合部件或者钎焊位置本身借助于不透明的彩色层被光学地掩盖。在通常使用的大多数情况中,作为汽车车窗的窗玻璃,差不多总是设有用黑色丝网印刷膏状物制成的框架形式的外缘边缘条带,从而完美满足了对所述导电连接区域的掩盖。所述汇流条或者所述严格意义上说的接触表面已经是非透明的,因为它们用高含量水银的丝网印刷膏状物实施或者,如上述那样用金属带实施。在汽车的驾驶室的侧面,大多数时间用一些内部衬里元件覆盖并且掩盖所述窗玻璃的边缘区域以及支撑所述区域的在车身上的安装凸缘。
总的来说,对于设有接触表面的透明窗玻璃来说,特别是对于位于一种复合窗玻璃的内部并且仅仅在生产完该复合窗玻璃之后才被加热的钎焊位置来说,提出了能够可靠地通过窗玻璃来识别该钎焊结果。
尽管文件EP-B1-281351描述了这样的钎焊位置的具体实施例,其中在玻璃制成的窗玻璃的表面的不透明的覆盖层上借助于可以在将流体钎焊补充金属最好地粘合的结构上特别的丝网印刷图案来实施一个网版接触表面,对这些钎焊位置的视觉控制只可以在窗玻璃的自由侧面;因为不透明的覆盖层,接触表面的后部侧面不可以透过严格意义上的窗玻璃被看到。
本发明的课题在于提出一种解决上述问题的方法。
根据本发明,这个问题这样解决:在钎焊位置区域中,所述接触表面具有至少一个切割部分,通过该切割部分,钎焊的补充金属在将接合部件钎焊到该接触表面上之后可以透过窗玻璃看到。从属权利要求的特征给出了对这个目的的有利改进。
通过在严格意义上的接触表面中,形成至少一个观察窗,在接合部件的位置进行钎焊之后,该观察窗保持可透过设有接触表面的透明窗玻璃可见,通过在视觉上的简单识别,可以看到钎焊的补充金属是否已经熔化并且为什么尺寸。大致测量钎焊补充金属的数量和钎焊位置的数量,以便在正确钎焊时一部分钎焊补充金属在所述观察窗中以视觉可见的方式流出,或者根据情况使得因为钎焊补充金属的表面结构的熔化导致的改变是可见的。在钎焊之后,钎焊补充金属散布在接触表面上和可能的切割部分中,视觉控制甚至可以在需要时借助(数字)摄像机自动进行。窗玻璃本身并不受影响。
切割部分例如是3-5mm直径的在接触表面中的孔,该切割部分满足了使接合部件的镀锡表面是可见的。识别器或者合适的监视光学装置的警报摄像头检测出是否进行了完整的焊接。当然在需要的情况下,多个这样的切割部分可以彼此相邻设置并且需要时按照预定图案设置。
如果接触表面通过丝网印刷实施,将有利地在丝网印刷的丝网中在所涉及到的位置进行合适的掩盖,该掩盖防止在切割部分中使用丝网印刷膏状物。如果该接触表面用金属板的条带实施,则可以切割或者用合适的工具在预定的位置冲压该切割部分。
对于可靠的钎焊来说,一方面可以在待钎焊的接合部件的接触表面的对应表面上设置多个钎焊补充金属的小的沉积(滴状或者薄层形式)。在进行钎焊之后,通过所述的设置在接触表面的钎焊区域中的切割部分可以直接看到这些钎焊补充金属的沉积是否熔化并且球化退火。
如果为了使接合区域的总厚度最小化(特别是当该接合区域必须接合到复合窗玻璃中时),优选用薄层钎焊补充金属,对(接合部件)接触表面的对应表面进行均匀预镀锡,则至少镀锡的表面的结构通过熔融被改进。还在这个情况中,该钎焊可以通过所述切割部分被视觉控制,这样的层状钎焊补充金属的堆积实施在几微米的厚度上(10-15微米)。
还可以另外在接触表面本身上,最好围绕所述切割部分沉积一些金属薄层形式或者水滴状钎焊补充金属的沉积物。
正如所述的在接触表面的钎焊区域中的切割部分的其它优点那样,可以注意到还将更高的机械强度赋予给严格意义上的钎焊位置,以便该接合部件可以抵抗更高的拉力。这构成了下述的优点:当输送和安装该窗玻璃时可以实现装卸这样的窗玻璃,因为断裂的待钎焊的接合部件很少能够不合时宜地被分开或者根据情况所涉及到的窗玻璃很少必须从所述系列窗玻璃中取出。
在希望的情况下,如同文件DE-C2-19536131中所描述那样,可以涉及多个彼此电分隔并且彼此并列设置的接触区域,所述接触区域分别设有至少一个(控制)切割部分。
很明显这样装备的所述窗玻璃并不是唯一地适合车辆的车窗的窗玻璃。在建筑领域,还存在许多设有导电功能元件的窗玻璃的应用,所述导电功能元件必须设有钎焊的触点(例如警报窗玻璃,加热表面等)。
本发明目标的其它细节和优点将通过下面的实施例的附图和详细描述而获得。
在附图中是简示并且没有按比例,附图包括:
图1示出了通过设有带切割部分的接触表面和一个在组装该复合玻璃之前待钎焊的接合部件的复合窗玻璃的元件的简示剖面图;和
图2剖示出在组装和在接合部件的位置钎焊之后的复合窗玻璃。
图1给出了复合窗玻璃1的边缘区域的剖视图,该复合窗玻璃1大致包括第一刚性窗玻璃1.1,第二刚性窗玻璃1.2,以及热塑的和粘合的中间层1.3。所述两个刚性窗玻璃最好用玻璃实施,但是也可以用合成材料实施。中间层例如是聚乙烯醇缩丁醛,用于复合窗玻璃的最常用的粘合材料。
薄层系统2对于可见光高度透明并且能够受到热作用,该薄层系统施加在平面表面上,朝向该刚性窗玻璃1.1的中间层。该系统2包括至少一个导电功能层,最好是机械层,以及一些防反射层,这些防反射层夹在所述功能层之间。层系统的详细结构对于本发明并不重要,因此并没有过多的展开。
另外,除了热隔离作用或者根据IR反射的情况,层系统2的导电层本身已知还用作加热层。如果需要,还加入了天线功能。为了这个目的,必须实施多个外部触点。
下面将描述单个接合部件的结构。在层系统2上,靠近第一刚性窗玻璃1.1的边缘,接触表面3以已知方式由导电的不透明铜的膏状物形成。该系统通过切割部分3A被中断,该切割部分3A根据本发明构成了在接触表面3中间的观察窗。
该接触表面3的导电材料与层系统2的导电层电连接。在已经实施该层系统2并且已经印刷该接触表面3之后,这种连接例如通过将窗玻璃1.1加热到软环温度(大约650℃)实施,如果需要将窗玻璃弯曲而实施,并且随后使该窗玻璃冷却。当进行烧烤操作时,实施了必须的电触点。
经验表明特别是在层系统和/或者接触表面的材料的其它结构中,可以使用更低的温度,例如丝网印刷的膏状物的干燥温度大约180℃,以便实施电触点。精确地说这是允许的温度范围,例如该温度甚至可用于实施透明窗玻璃的某些合成材料。
与所示出的层系统不同,所述层系统还可以本身已知地仅仅在实施接触表面之后被实施;在这个情况下,该层系统除了覆盖切割部分还覆盖该接触表面。还保证了电接触的实施,因为接触表面的所述微凹凸穿过特别薄(纳米范围的厚度)的层系统。
总的来说,作为接触表面3示出的导体结构一般是平行于窗玻璃1.1的边缘并且大致在整个长度上的汇流条,该汇流条允许在该层2中施加电流或者根据情况均匀地提取在该层2中的电流。根据该功能,多个待钎焊的接合部件还可以设置在这样的汇流条上。
在切割部分3A上面,存在待钎焊的接合部件4的端部,该接合部件4侧向从该复合窗玻璃中延伸出并且在这里构成为具有由合成材料构成的支撑板4.1和板状金属导体4.2的平导体。柔和钎焊的补充金属的薄层5局部实施在金属导体4.2上该严格意义上的钎焊区域的范围内。该薄层5构成用于将待钎焊的接合部件4钎焊到接触表面3上的钎焊补充金属的沉积。一般来说,待钎焊表面的尺寸为100-400mm2之间。这允许可靠地传输相对高的加热电流。
最好,在朝向另一个刚性窗玻璃1.2的表面的中间层1.3的侧面上,通过不透明的铜的膏状物形成不透明的边缘带6。当复合窗玻璃位于其最终状态中时(图2),该不透明边缘带6朝向钎焊位置外部或者根据情况朝向接触表面3进行光学掩盖。
图2是,组装和进行层连接之后或者根据复合窗玻璃1的一些窗玻璃的情况和实施待钎焊接合部件的情况,图1的复合件的剖视图。还可以看到,在窗玻璃边缘上的中间层1.3的熔化和压缩密封地封闭向内较远设置的表面。待钎焊接合部件4朝向外部从钎焊位置延伸并且该接合部件4在整个侧面密封地包裹中间层的材料。如果需要,在待钎焊接合部件4的内部侧面和该窗玻璃表面之间设置的区域可以另外借助于密封和/或者粘合的合适材料被封闭。记住在这里选择了非常简单的图示。
通过剖视图可以看到已经熔化了薄层5的柔和钎焊补充金属,例如通过施加感应热,并且通过在复合窗玻璃内部加压,该补充金属流出到切割部分3A中。钎焊补充金属在这种情况中不必与层系统2的表面接触。确定钎焊补充金属的沉积物的钎焊补充金属的数量,以便精确可靠地获得期望的钎焊表面。这个钎焊结果,即钎焊补充金属的层的改变,通过裸眼透过窗玻璃1.1可以没有问题地检测,如所述的那样,因为该刚性窗玻璃1.1和层系统2是透明的。在钎焊补充金属和切割部分的侧面之间的接触同时控制将钎焊补充金属更紧地粘合到接触表面材料上。
尽管上述的实施例能够有利地示出具有上述结构的复合窗玻璃,但是并不排除设置一种切割部分:其具有上述的功能,在整块窗玻璃上的待钎焊接触表面中。
Claims (10)
1.一种透明窗玻璃(1.1),特别是玻璃制成的窗玻璃,具有至少一个不透明的导电接触表面(3),该导电接触表面设置在窗玻璃的一个表面上,用于将该接触表面通过钎焊连接到接合部件(4)上,其特征在于,在钎焊位置的区域中,该接触表面(3)具有至少一个切割部分(3A),在将接合部件(4)钎焊到该接触表面(3)上之后,通过该切割部分(3A),钎焊补充金属(5)可以透过窗玻璃(1.1)被看到。
2.根据权利要求1所述的窗玻璃,其特征在于,在其表面上,在每个接触表面中设置多个触点和/或者多个切割部分。
3.根据权利要求1或者2所述的窗玻璃,其特征在于,在钎焊之后,钎焊补充金属(5)分布在接触表面(3)上和所述切割部分(3A)中。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的窗玻璃,其特征在于,在钎焊之前,该接合部件(4)设有滴状或者薄层状的钎焊补充金属的沉积(5)。
5.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的窗玻璃,其特征在于,该接触表面(4)在钎焊之前围绕所述切割部分(3A)设有滴状或者薄层状的钎焊补充金属沉积(5)。
6.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的窗玻璃,其特征在于,在窗玻璃表面(1.1)和接触表面(3)之间或者设有切割部分的接触表面的上面实施对可见光透明的层系统(2),该层系统(2)包括至少一个导电层,该导电层导电地连接到接触表面(3)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的窗玻璃,该窗玻璃的层系统(2)用作表面加热并且具有电触点。
8.根据权利要求6或者7所述的窗玻璃,该窗玻璃的层系统(2)用作天线并且具有电触点。
9.根据上面的权利要求中任一项所述的窗玻璃(1.1),作为刚性窗玻璃接合到复合窗玻璃(1)中,在窗玻璃的复合件内部设置至少接触表面(3)和钎焊位置。
10.具有根据上面的权利要求中任一项所述的第一刚性窗玻璃(1.1)和至少一个第二刚性窗玻璃(1.2)的复合窗玻璃(1),其特征在于,第二刚性窗玻璃(1.2)设有不透明覆盖层(6),该不透明覆盖层(6)覆盖接触表面(3)并且视觉上掩盖该接触表面(3)。
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PT1559296E (pt) | 2006-08-31 |
KR20050071621A (ko) | 2005-07-07 |
JP4420824B2 (ja) | 2010-02-24 |
EP1559296B1 (fr) | 2006-04-12 |
PL374636A1 (en) | 2005-10-31 |
US7520416B2 (en) | 2009-04-21 |
DE60304597T2 (de) | 2006-12-21 |
JP2006503788A (ja) | 2006-02-02 |
CN100531477C (zh) | 2009-08-19 |
PL203437B1 (pl) | 2009-10-30 |
EP1559296A1 (fr) | 2005-08-03 |
ATE323397T1 (de) | 2006-04-15 |
DE10249992C1 (de) | 2003-12-24 |
ES2260671T3 (es) | 2006-11-01 |
WO2004040944A1 (fr) | 2004-05-13 |
DE60304597D1 (de) | 2006-05-24 |
KR100970430B1 (ko) | 2010-07-15 |
US20060126196A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
AU2003285401A1 (en) | 2004-05-25 |
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