CN1701161B - 具有材料偏转突出部的旋转切削头 - Google Patents
具有材料偏转突出部的旋转切削头 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种切削头,包括具有前表面和侧表面的本体,该侧表面具有位于前表面下面并且基本垂直于本体的中心轴线延伸的肩部,以及比本体更为坚硬的环,该环在肩部的前表面处与本体相连接。通过保持关于所述环在本体上的位置以及本体的各个部分的尺寸间的特定尺寸关系,提高了该切削头的磨损寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种切削刀具,用于切穿松软土地或者对放置在地面例如沥青路面上的相对松软的材料进行切削。
背景技术
采矿、挖掘和道路路面重整操作一般通过迫使旋转切削头穿入所切割的材料中而得以进行。该切削头安装在从动支撑件例如转筒、固定梁或类似部件上,从而迫使其穿入材料中。典型的切削头包括被铜焊到钢柄前表面上的坚硬的硬质合金切削端。该钢柄通过保持器套筒被安装在刀架中,所述保持器套筒使得该切削头绕切削头的中心轴线相对于刀架自由旋转,而同时阻止该切削头沿轴向脱离刀架。由于能够自由的旋转,该切削端基本上是自磨锐的(self-sharpening)。
应当理解,除了用于切穿松软材料例如沥青之外,上述类型的切削机构已被用于切穿坚硬的材料,例如岩石和冰。在切削岩石期间,最高几率的刀头磨损发生在硬质合金切削端处,因此该刀头的磨损寿命由其硬质合金切削端决定。然而,在切割相对松软的材料例如沥青、煤以及盐期间,最高几率的磨损则发生在刀柄处,即由磨擦并且撞击刀柄的被切割沥青所引起的侵蚀。因此,当在道路路面重整操作期间切割沥青时,切削头的磨损寿命由其刀柄决定。
提供这样一种切削头将是令人期望的,当其用于切割松软的材料例如沥青时具有提高的磨损寿命。
在美国专利No.4,725,098中公开了一种切削头,其中在紧位于安装在刀头头部内的硬质合金切削端后面的该刀头头部的锥形侧表面内,机加工有凹槽,该专利在本文中做为参考。在该凹槽内涂覆坚硬表面从而形成抗腐蚀环,该环可以与上述侧表面相齐平,或者沿径向稍稍的从该侧表面突出出来。尽管其由坚硬材料形成,该环将经受由切屑产生的相当严重的腐蚀,因此将具有比较有限的寿命。
在2002年1月30日提交的、发明人为Kent Peay和Timothy J.Shean、发明名称为“Rotary Cutting Bit with Material-Deflecting Ledge”并且在此一并做为参考的美国专利申请No.10/058,387中披露了一种切削头,其具有锥形的侧表面,在该锥形侧表面上具有突起的突出部。该突出部可以与该本体的其它部分形成为一体,或者形成为固定在本体上的独立的环。该突出部相对于位于其上的本体部分具有足够长的直径,从而被切削材料趋向于积聚在该突出部上并且保护其下的本体部分的材料不受腐蚀。然而,已经发现,在此种切削头上的突出部非常易于受到磨损。
提供一种具有抗腐蚀结构并具有提高的寿命的切削头是令人所期望的。提供一种易于制造并且仅需要相对很少的制造工序的切削头也是令人所期望的。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面,提供一种切削头,其包括具有前表面和侧表面的本体,该侧表面具有位于前表面下面并且基本垂直于本体的中心轴线延伸的肩部,该本体在肩部上方的直径不大于在肩部处的直径;还包括比本体更为坚硬的环,该环在肩部的前表面处与本体相连接。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供一种切削头,其包括具有前表面和圆柱形侧表面部分的本体,该圆柱形侧表面部分具有位于前表面下面并且基本垂直于本体的中心轴线延伸的肩部;以及比本体更为坚硬的环,该环在肩部的前表面处与本体相连接。该前表面与环的顶部之间的距离与本体的前表面和底表面之间的距离的比值为0.15到0.5。
根据本发明的再一个方面,提供一种切削头,其包括具有前表面和圆柱形侧表面部分的本体,该圆柱形侧表面部分具有位于前表面下面并且基本垂直于本体的中心轴线延伸的肩部;连接到该前表面的切削端;以及比本体更为坚硬的环,该环在肩部的前表面处与本体相连接。该切削端底部的直径与位于该切削端底部的本体的直径之间的比值为0.72到0.95。
根据本发明的再一个方面,提供一种切削头,其包括具有前表面和圆柱形侧表面部分的本体,该圆柱形侧表面部分具有位于前表面下面并且基本垂直于本体的中心轴线延伸的肩部;连接到该前表面的切削端;以及比本体更为坚硬的环,该环在肩部的前表面处与本体相连接。该切削端的直径与该环的外直径之间的比值为0.60到0.80。
根据本发明的再一个方面,提供一种切削头,其包括具有前表面和侧表面的本体,该侧表面具有位于前表面下面并且基本垂直于本体的中心轴线延伸的第一肩部,该本体在第一肩部上方的直径不大于在第一肩部处的直径;以及位于第一肩部下面的第二肩部,该本体在第二肩部上方的直径不大于在第二肩部处的直径,以及第一环和第二环,所述环分别在第一肩部和第二肩部的前表面处与本体相连接。
根据本发明的又一个方面,提供一种用于与切削头相连接的切削端,其包括基部、尖部和侧部,该尖部基本为凸起的形状,该侧部在基部与尖部之间延伸,该侧部基本为凹入的形状。
根据本发明的又一个方面,提供一种包括切削端的切削头,该切削端具有基部、尖部和侧部,该尖部基本为凸起的形状,该侧部在基部与尖部之间延伸,该侧部基本为凹入的形状并且在接合部与尖部相交。该切削头还具有本体,以及比本体更为坚硬的环。该本体具有用于与切削端相连接的前表面、底表面、位于前表面下面并且基本垂直于本体的中心轴线延伸的肩部,该环在肩部的前表面处与本体相连接。所述接合部和底部限定出一个假想的圆锥体,并且该环设置在该圆锥体的内部。
附图简要说明
下面通过结合附图详细描述其优选实施例,本发明的目的和优点将变的更为明显,其中相同的数字表示相同的元件,其中:
图1是根据本发明实施例的旋转切削头的侧视图;
图2是根据本发明实施例的旋转切削头的侧视图,示出切削材料积聚在刀头上;
图3是根据本发明另一个实施例的旋转切削头的侧视图。
具体实施方式
在图1和2中示出了根据本发明实施例的切削头21。该切削头21包括具有前表面25和侧表面27的本体23。该侧表面27具有位于前表面25下面并且基本垂直于本体的中心轴线延伸的肩部29。切削端31优选的通过铜焊方式与前表面25相连接,优选的,该切削端比本体23更为坚硬。
优选比本体23更为坚硬的环33例如通过铜焊方式在肩部29的前表面35处与本体相连接。优选的,该本体23在肩部29上面部分的直径不大于在该肩部处的直径,并且优选的,在肩部29上面,本体23的侧表面27的至少一个部分37是柱状的,更优选的是圆柱状的,从而具有内圆直径的环能够在该本体23上滑动至肩部29。因为本体23在肩部29上面部分的直径不大于在该肩部处的直径,无需引起在本体上机加工凹槽而导致的加工成本。同样的,该本体23可以是冷成型的。环33优选定位在肩部29的上面并且在相同的操作中铜焊到本体23上,特别的相比于需要形成有凹槽的刀头,这可以降低制造成本。然而,如果期望或者必须,该肩部29可以是位于侧表面内的凹槽的一部分,并且该环可以是例如通过该凹槽的上和下表面保持定位的开口环。这里该环33示意为基本为圆形的形状,然而,可以意识到,该环可以具有任何所期望的形状,例如六边形、八边形等。
在示于图3的切削头21’中,本体23’在第一肩部29下面还具有第二肩部39。同样的,优选的该本体23’在该第二肩部39上面的直径不大于在该第二肩部39处的直径,以便促使第二环41在本体上滑动到第二肩部处,在该处,该第二环41在第二肩部的前表面与本体相连接。同样,如果期望或者必须,该肩部39可以是位于侧表面内的凹槽的一部分,并且该环41可以是例如通过该凹槽的上和下表面保持定位的开口环。
前表面25与环33的顶部43之间的距离A与本体的前表面和底表面45之间的距离B的比值优选为0.15到0.5。期望被切削的材料将会积聚在环33上,并且通过进一步偏转材料而避免位于该环和切削端31之间的本体23受到腐蚀。优选的在本体23的底部设置凸缘47,该凸缘47优选的与本体23形成为一体。以类似于材料在环33上积聚的方式,被切削材料趋向于在该凸缘47上积聚。
在过去,切削端和本体的底部凸缘之间的磨损模式倾向于在图2中由虚线所示的类似“高尔夫球座”的形状。已经发现,在通常会经受严重腐蚀的区域内,通过设置环33,可以为本体23带来显著降低的材料损耗量,并且磨损模式倾向于在图2中由阴影区域Y所示的类似双重“高尔夫球座”的形状。虽然避免本体磨损是所期望的,同样期望的是确保该环33位于距切削端31充分远的距离处,从而避免影响切削效果,而这一点可以通过将距离A与距离B之间的比值保持在0.15到0.5的范围内而得以实现。如果如在图3中所示的一样设置第二肩部39和环41,则与第一环33的情况相同,前表面25与第二环41的顶部49之间的距离A’与本体的前表面和底表面45之间的距离B的比值优选为0.15到0.5。这样便将第一环33和第二环41均放置于在其它情况下将成为本体23的最大磨损区域的位置处。
切削端31的直径C与位于该切削端底部的本体23的直径D之间的比值优选为0.72到0.95。前表面25优选的为凹入的形状从而限定有挡壁51,在该挡壁51内切削端31通过铜焊进行连接。挡壁49的目的包括避免铜焊液从切削端31和前表面25之间流出,并且当本体23冷却时用作减压器。当C/D接近等于1时,挡壁49的厚度被减小并且用于形成本体23所需要的材料更少。当C/D从1向0变化时,本体23包含更多的材料并且其使用寿命期限趋向于接近由更坚硬材料制成的切削端31的使用寿命期限。
切削端31的直径C与环的外直径E之间的比值优选为0.60到0.80。如在图1-3中可看出的,切削端31优选的具有在挡壁49内部铜焊到前表面25的底表面52,向上延伸到折点55处的凹的表面部分53,以及通常为凸起状的尖部57。如在图2和3中所看出的,假想的锥体59穿过位于凸缘47的外边缘处的点61以及折点55而延伸至沿着本体23的中心轴线位于尖部57上方的点63。已经发现,理想的情况是,将位于刀头21上的所有的点、包括环33上的点,全部纳入该锥体59的内部或者至少基本的位于其内部。向外延伸出该锥体的点非常易于被腐蚀。通过将C/E保持在0.60到0.80的范围内,尤其是当A/B在0.15到0.50并且C/D在0.72到0.95的范围内的时候,环33上的最外点趋于落在锥体59上或者位于其内部,并且受到的磨损更少。优选的,上面结合仅仅具有环33的切削头所描述的关系对于具有两个或者更多个环的刀头也是成立的,例如,图3中所示的具有环41的刀头21’。
虽然本发明已经结合其优选实施例予以描述,本领域普通技术人员将会意识到,在不背离所附权利要求中所限定的本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以对本发明进行这里所没有特别描述的增加、删除、修改和替代。
Claims (24)
1.一种切削头,包括:
具有用于连接切削端的前表面和侧表面的本体,该侧表面具有位于前表面下面并且基本垂直于本体的中心轴线从本体的中心轴线向外延伸的肩部,该本体在肩部上方的直径不大于在肩部处的直径,以及
比本体更为坚硬的环,该环在肩部的前表面处与本体相连接,从而整个环位于本体前表面的下面;
其中至少位于该肩部上方的一部分侧表面是圆柱形的;并且
所述的环通过铜焊在肩部的前表面处与本体相连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的切削头,还包括连接到前表面的切削端,该切削端比本体更为坚硬。
3.如权利要求1所述的切削头,其中所述本体具有位于第一肩部下面的第二肩部,该本体在第二肩部上方的直径不大于在第二肩部处的直径,并且该切削头具有在第二肩部的前表面处与本体相连接的第二环。
4.如权利要求1所述的切削头,其中前表面与环的顶部之间的距离与本体的前表面和底表面之间的距离的比值为0.15到0.5。
5.如权利要求1所述的切削头,还包括连接到前表面的切削端。
6.如权利要求5所述的切削头,其中所述切削端底部的直径与位于该切削端底部的本体的直径之间的比值为0.72到0.95。
7.如权利要求5所述的切削头,其中所述切削端底部的直径与环的外直径之间的比值为0.60到0.80。
8.一种切削头,包括:
具有前表面和圆柱形侧表面部分的本体,该圆柱形侧表面部分具有位于前表面下面并且基本垂直于本体的中心轴线延伸的肩部,该本体在肩部上面部分的直径不大于在该肩部处的直径;和
比本体更为坚硬的环,该环在肩部的前表面处与铜焊到本体,从而整个环位于本体前表面的下面,
其中前表面与环的顶部之间的距离与本体的前表面和底表面之间的距离的比值为0.15到0.5。
9.如权利要求8所述的切削头,其中所述本体具有位于第一肩部下面的第二肩部,该本体在第二肩部上方的直径不大于在第二肩部处的直径,并且该切削头具有在第二肩部的前表面处与本体相连接的第二环,前表面与第二环的顶部之间的距离与本体的前表面和底表面之间的距离的比值为0.15到0.5。
10.如权利要求8所述的切削头,还包括连接到前表面的切削端。
11.如权利要求10所述的切削头,其中所述切削端底部的直径与位于该切削端底部的本体的直径之间的比值为0.72到0.95。
12.如权利要求10所述的切削头,其中所述切削端的直径与环的外直径之间的比值为0.60到0.80。
13.一种切削头,包括:
具有前表面和圆柱形侧表面部分的本体,该圆柱形侧表面部分具有位于前表面下面并且基本垂直于本体的中心轴线延伸的肩部,该本体在肩部上面部分的直径不大于在该肩部处的直径;
连接到前表面的切削端;和
比本体更为坚硬的环,该环在肩部的前表面处与铜焊到本体,从而整个环位于本体前表面的下面,
其中所述切削端底部的直径与位于该切削端底部的本体的直径之间的比值为0.72到0.95。
14.如权利要求13所述的切削头,其中所述本体具有位于第一肩部下面的第二肩部,该本体在第二肩部上方的直径不大于在第二肩部处的直径,并且该切削头具有在第二肩部的前表面处与本体相连接的第二环。
15.如权利要求13所述的切削头,其中所述切削端的直径与环的外直径之间的比值为0.60到0.80。
16.一种切削头,包括:
具有前表面和圆柱形侧表面部分的本体,该圆柱形侧表面部分具有位于前表面下面并且基本垂直于本体的中心轴线延伸的肩部,该本体在肩部上面部分的直径不大于在该肩部处的直径;
连接到前表面的切削端;和
比本体更为坚硬的环,该环在肩部的前表面处与本体相连接,从而整个环位于本体前表面的下面,
其中通过铜焊将所述的环在肩部的前表面处与本体相连接,并且
所述切削端的直径与环的外直径之间的比值为0.60到0.80。
17.如权利要求16所述的切削头,其中所述本体具有位于第一肩部下面的第二肩部,该本体在第二肩部上方的直径不大于在第二肩部处的直径,并且该切削头具有在第二肩部的前表面处与本体相连接的第二环。
18.一种切削头,包括:
具有前表面和侧表面的本体,该侧表面具有位于前表面下面并且基本垂直于本体的中心轴线延伸的第一肩部,该本体在第一肩部上方的直径不大于在第一肩部处的直径,以及位于第一肩部下面的第二肩部,该本体在第二肩部上方的直径不大于在第二肩部处的直径;以及
比本体更为坚硬的第一环和比本体更为坚硬的第二环,所述第一环在第一肩部的前表面处铜焊到本体,所述第二环在第二肩部的前表面处与本体相连接,从而整个第一环和整个第二环位于本体前表面的下面;
其中至少位于第一肩部上方的一部分侧表面是圆柱形的。
19.如权利要求18所述的切削头,其中前表面与环的顶部之间的距离与本体的前表面和底表面之间的距离的比值为0.15到0.5。
20.如权利要求18所述的切削头,还包括连接到前表面的切削端。
21.如权利要求18所述的切削头,其中所述切削端底部的直径与位于该切削端底部的本体的直径之间的比值为0.72到0.95。
22.如权利要求18所述的切削头,其中所述切削端的直径与第一环的外直径之间的比值为0.60到0.80。
23.一种切削头,包括:
切削端,该切削端具有基部、尖部和侧部,该尖部基本为凸起的形状,该侧部在基部与尖部之间延伸,该侧部基本为凹入的形状并且在接合部与尖部相交;
本体,该本体具有用于与切削端相连接的前表面、侧表面、底部、以及位于前表面下面并且基本垂直于本体的中心轴线延伸的肩部,该本体在肩部上面部分的直径不大于在该肩部处的直径;以及
比本体更为坚硬的环,该环在肩部的前表面处与铜焊到本体,从而整个环位于本体前表面的下面,
其中至少位于该肩部上方的本体的一部分侧表面是圆柱形的;并且
该接合部和该底部限定出一个假想圆锥体,并且
所述环设置在所述假想圆锥体的内部。
24.如权利要求23所述的切削头,其中该切削头在位于尖部和底部之间的所有部分均基本位于所述假想圆锥体的内部。
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US10/641,138 US7204560B2 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2003-08-15 | Rotary cutting bit with material-deflecting ledge |
US10/641,138 | 2003-08-15 | ||
PCT/SE2004/001184 WO2005017317A1 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2004-08-11 | Rotary cutting bit with material-deflecting ledge |
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CN1701161A CN1701161A (zh) | 2005-11-23 |
CN1701161B true CN1701161B (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
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CN2004800010686A Expired - Fee Related CN1701161B (zh) | 2003-08-15 | 2004-08-11 | 具有材料偏转突出部的旋转切削头 |
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US (3) | US7204560B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1543217B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4680906B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101037881B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1701161B (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE378503T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2004237907B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0405655A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2492678C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE602004010043T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2293338T3 (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA05001231A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO330041B1 (zh) |
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2003
- 2003-08-15 US US10/641,138 patent/US7204560B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-08-11 AU AU2004237907A patent/AU2004237907B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-08-11 AT AT04775305T patent/ATE378503T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-08-11 WO PCT/SE2004/001184 patent/WO2005017317A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-08-11 CN CN2004800010686A patent/CN1701161B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-08-11 ES ES04775305T patent/ES2293338T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-08-11 BR BR0405655-8A patent/BRPI0405655A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-08-11 EP EP04775305A patent/EP1543217B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-08-11 DE DE602004010043T patent/DE602004010043T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-08-11 KR KR1020057003931A patent/KR101037881B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-08-11 JP JP2006523163A patent/JP4680906B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-08-11 MX MXPA05001231A patent/MXPA05001231A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2004-08-11 CA CA002492678A patent/CA2492678C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-13 NO NO20045431A patent/NO330041B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-01-04 ZA ZA200500075A patent/ZA200500075B/xx unknown
-
2007
- 2007-03-01 US US11/712,567 patent/US20080030066A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-04-16 US US11/735,883 patent/US20070182239A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO330041B1 (no) | 2011-02-07 |
BRPI0405655A (pt) | 2005-07-05 |
AU2004237907B2 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
ATE378503T1 (de) | 2007-11-15 |
DE602004010043T2 (de) | 2008-09-11 |
EP1543217A1 (en) | 2005-06-22 |
KR101037881B1 (ko) | 2011-05-31 |
JP2007502714A (ja) | 2007-02-15 |
JP4680906B2 (ja) | 2011-05-11 |
US20080030066A1 (en) | 2008-02-07 |
CA2492678C (en) | 2008-04-15 |
WO2005017317A1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
EP1543217B1 (en) | 2007-11-14 |
US20050035649A1 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
KR20060095871A (ko) | 2006-09-04 |
ES2293338T3 (es) | 2008-03-16 |
MXPA05001231A (es) | 2005-05-19 |
US7204560B2 (en) | 2007-04-17 |
DE602004010043D1 (de) | 2007-12-27 |
ZA200500075B (en) | 2006-02-22 |
NO20045431L (no) | 2005-02-14 |
CN1701161A (zh) | 2005-11-23 |
US20070182239A1 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
CA2492678A1 (en) | 2005-02-15 |
AU2004237907A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
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