CN1622923A - 无机基体上的有机污染的处理 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及在玻璃、氧化物或任何其它基本无机或金属材料的基体上的有机污染的处理方法,该基体因它由一层或多层堆叠层构成,和/或因它具有特定表面形态而具有一种功能性。该方法的特征在于它包括电处理、臭氧UV处理或燃烧处理,任选地后接洗涤操作。本发明还涉及实施这种方法的设备,涉及这种方法应用于亲水和/或亲油的玻璃板,以及采用这种方法处理的玻璃板,与该玻璃板用于运输车辆,用于建筑物,用于城市动产,用于室内或室外装饰部件或家用电器。
Description
本发明涉及无机基体上的有机污染的处理,特别地涉及下述类无机基体上的有机污染的处理:该无机基体因其由一层或多层堆叠层(couches empilées)构成,每层的厚度可能例如低到10nm,和/或因其有特定的表面形态而具有一种功能性。
该无机基体由金属、金属合金、陶瓷、玻璃、氧化物或基本无机材料组成,特别地,在这后两种情况下,它们呈薄膜涂层形式。该基体是透明的并且要求高光学质量时,这种基体无论是玻璃基体,或是有一层或多层功能涂层的玻璃基体,本发明都具有特别的意义。
可以使用钠钙玻璃,特别是浮法玻璃,例如运输车辆、建筑物或其它平板玻璃应用时所使用的浮法玻璃,或瓶或烧瓶类玻璃,派热克斯(pyrex)类硼硅酸耐热玻璃,可作为假器或光学玻璃使用的磷酸盐玻璃,铅(晶体)玻璃,硅铝酸盐,例如玻璃陶瓷,或无二氧化硅的无定形固体材料。
作为以已知方式涂布玻璃的功能层,可列举低-发射层、防晒层、抗反射层、装饰层(例如用酸去光泽的、丝网印刷的、涂漆的、涂瓷漆的、采用辊间层压或采用其它相当方法织构的),或疏水的和/或疏油的或亲水的和/或亲油的织构层(couches texturées),某些层可以不在玻璃板面1上,即习惯上用来与外部大气接触的面(例如不与建筑物外壁或车辆大气接触)。专利申请WO 02/02472、WO 97/10186、WO97/10185、WO 01/32578描述了这些层中的某些层,这些专利申请在本文中作为参考文献加以引用。
有机污染源是各种各样的:可以列举来自运输车辆排放气体的碳氢化合物,或悬浮在大气中的各种燃烧产物,或各种局部源。因此,曾证实在多层玻璃板周边使用的硅氧烷或在门或窗凹凸榫接中作为安装玻璃板粘结剂使用的硅氧烷都有非常强的迁移趋势,结果距离玻璃板边缘直到15-20cm的地方都能被污染。多硫化物、氯丁橡胶,它们也可能参于构建玻璃板,特别是多层玻璃板,或将它们安装在门窗框架内,因此也是可能的污染源。
然而,在前面提到的这类基体上生成的有机污染物可以使所希望的基体性能变差。在基体具有非常敏感功能性的情况下,该有机污染能构成屏蔽层;它形成或多或少坚韧的痕迹,于是降低通过透明基体的能见度质量。
另外,该基体由与前面所述的同样薄层组成时,或包括尺寸约10-200nm的图案织构化时,问题在于寻找一种办法,它可消除这些有机污染的负作用,还不损坏这种基体,而另一方面如果必要,还同时保持其表面形态,其质量与耐久性开始功能依然不变,相当于它处在形成污染之前。
为此,本发明的目的是一种在玻璃、氧化物或任何其它基本无机或金属材料基体上的有机污染的处理方法,该基体因其由一层或多层堆叠层构成,和/或因其有特定的表面形态而具有一种功能性,其特征在于该方法包括电处理、臭氧UV处理或燃烧处理,任选地后接洗涤操作。这种方法显得适合于消除任何有机污染的作用,以便再生各种基体达到形成污染前的状态,没有造成基体的任何表观脆化,也没有破坏表面的形态,甚至最细图案(织构化)也如此。
根据一种本发明特别实际的实施方式,所述的电处理选自电晕放电(décharge couronne)类处理、真空等离子体处理或大气压等离子体处理,或电场作用。
在一种应用中,所述的基体是亲水和/或亲油的。事实上,有机污染一般赋予该有机污染沉积的基体具有明显的疏水特性,同时其污染物还牢固地粘附在基体上,结果难以将其除去。为了恢复开始的亲水性和/或亲油性,可借助本发明克服这种困难。在本方法的这种方式中,可以分成两种主要实施方案。
根据第一种实施方案,所述的基体包括选自二氧化硅或硅氧不足化学计量的氧化物、碳氧化硅或氮氧化硅的至少部分氧化的硅衍生物基层。专利申请WO 01/32578描述了采用溶胶-凝胶或采用热解,特别地以CVD气相方式沉积的这个层,其特征在于与水接触角小,因此有利于形成薄的液膜,这种液膜尤其不利于通过玻璃板的视觉,还妨碍形成冷凝液滴,其特征还在于表面几何形状为球状,因此可提供毛细作用。这种基体的水清洗性值得注意,即它能把可能的污物包含在或带入薄而均匀的液膜中。另一方面,应除去相对韧性的和/或相对大量的有机污染,优选地还没有破坏球状表面的形态,这样有可能实施本发明的方法。
第二种优选方式的实施方案在于,所述的基体包括含有至少部分以锐钛矿形式、以金红石形式或以锐钛矿和金红石混合物形式结晶的氧化钛的层。具体地从专利申请WO 97/10185、WO 97/10186和WO99/44954中知道了使用至少一种钛前体,如果必要在溶液中采用液相热解、采用溶胶-凝胶技术或采用蒸汽相热解得到的这个层。该层在暴露光后是亲水的,还能通过自由基氧化过程降解有机源污物。而还在这个实施方案中,适合于除去韧性的或大量的有机污染和能在光与TiO2层之间构成屏蔽层(écran),从而使其后者失活。
本发明的另一个目的是在包括单片或层状玻璃的单层或多层玻璃板上实施上述方法的设备。该设备:
-或者安装在靠近玻璃板生产线或与其生产线整合在一起;
-或者适合于在玻璃板安装地使用,其条件是除非该设备有独立的能源,不然该安装地应配置能源。
电晕放电类的处理特别开辟了这两种可能性的每一种可能性,因此尤其配置相对轻的,尺寸相对小的,与电力网简单连接就可运行的便携式设备。
有利地,实施上述方法的设备包括适合于在基体,具体地玻璃板表面上或靠近其基体表面移动的终端工具。
本发明的另一个目的是前面公开方法在包括单片或层状玻璃的单层或多层玻璃板中的应用,其中所述的基体包括选自二氧化硅或硅氧不足化学计量的氧化物、碳氧化硅或氮氧化硅的至少部分氧化的硅衍生物基层,和/或含有TiO2的层。
本发明的另一个目的是单层或多层玻璃板,其包括曾经受上述处理方法处理的单片或层状玻璃,该玻璃板用于空中、水上或地面运输车辆,特别用于汽车、建筑物(窗、门、卫生设备部件等,例如淋浴间、桌、工作台等),用于城市动产(公共汽车候车亭等),用于室内装饰部件,例如养鱼缸,或室外装饰部件,或家用电器(électroménager)(炉门,电冰箱台等)。
现在通过下面实施例说明本发明。
实施例1
通过在钠钙浮法,玻璃板之间粘结金属中空型材(profilécreux)与在周边凹槽中使用硅氧烷密封胶,以已知方式将这些玻璃板两两组装成双层玻璃板。
如此生产的某些玻璃板可借助与组装线整合的设备进行电晕放电处理。这种设备包括每个都由与电力网连接的阳极-阴极对构成的处理头,在与待处理表面平行的表面中该阳极-阴极对与待处理表面相距0.5-2cm。在每个阳极与相应阴极之间产生一个电场,位于这两者之间的空气溅射到玻璃板上。每个处理头作用于玻璃板宽度约6cm;可以按照玻璃板的待处理宽度并列定位多个处理头,所有处理头同时沿玻璃板移动。
这个实施例处理的表面是一面由SiO2层,另一面由厚度50nm的碳氧化硅层构成,这些层是根据前面提到的专利申请WO 01/32578说明书形成的。
未处理玻璃板在其周边部位有多处痕迹,直到边缘约20cm都影响其视觉。相反地,处理的玻璃板具有与涂布相同层的对照单片玻璃板同样优异的亲水质量、均匀性和耐久性。
实施例2
重复实施例1,但不同之处只是在于,SiO2层涂布了根据专利申请WO 97/10185、WO 97/10186和WO 99/44954说明书制成的,含有光催化TiO2的厚度20nm层。
这些观察结果与实施例1的相同。
实施例3
使用硅氧烷作为安装粘结剂,将实施例1的玻璃板安装在建筑物门窗洞中,然后根据同样原理,而借助便携设备进行处理。
这些观察结果与实施例1的相同。
实施例4
采用丙烷-氧燃烧法处理与实施例1相同的双玻璃板。燃烧嘴与待处理表面相距4-5cm,并且调节达到火焰同时舔到玻璃,以便它使表面足够加热,而不加热深处。简单用蒸馏水洗涤可恢复与对照单片玻璃板具有的同样持久的亲水性,和同样的质量。
Claims (10)
1、在玻璃、氧化物或任何其它基本无机或金属材料的基体上有机污染的处理方法,该基体因它由一层或多层堆叠层构成,和/或因它有特定的表面形态而具有一种功能性,其特征在于该方法包括电处理、臭氧UV处理或燃烧处理,任选地后接洗涤操作。
2、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所述的电处理选自电晕放电类的处理、等离子体处理或电场作用。
3、根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于所述的基体是亲水的和/或亲油的。
4、根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于所述的基体包括选自二氧化硅或硅氧不足化学计量的氧化物、碳氧化硅或氮氧化硅的至少部分氧化的硅衍生物基层。
5、根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于所述的基体包括含有至少部分以锐钛矿形式、以金红石形式或以锐钛矿和金红石混合物形式结晶的氧化钛的层。
6、在单层或多层玻璃板上实施权利要求1所述方法的设备,它包括安装在靠近玻璃板生产线或与玻璃板生产线整合在一起的单片或层状玻璃。
7、在单层或多层玻璃板上实施权利要求1所述方法的设备,它包括适合于在玻璃板安装地使用的单片或层状玻璃。
8、实施权利要求1所述方法的设备,其特征在于它包括适合于在基体,具体地玻璃板表面上或靠近其基体表面移动的终端工具。
9、根据权利要求1所述方法在包括单片或层状玻璃的单层或多层玻璃板中的应用,并且其中所述基体包括选自二氧化硅或硅氧不足化学计量的氧化物、碳氧化硅或氮氧化硅的至少部分氧化的硅衍生物基层,和/或含有TiO2的层。
10、包括单片或层状玻璃的单层或多层玻璃板,它经受权利要求1所述方法的处理,该玻璃板用于空中、水上或地面运输车辆,用于建筑物,用于城市动产,用于室内或室外装饰部件或家用电器。
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US (1) | US20050084688A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1470090A2 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2005515148A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20040077772A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100358821C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003214327A1 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2835205B1 (zh) |
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WO (1) | WO2003062166A2 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103391904A (zh) * | 2011-02-15 | 2013-11-13 | 旭硝子欧洲玻璃公司 | 用于制造装饰玻璃片材的方法 |
CN105819707A (zh) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-08-03 | 无锡绿莓新材料科技有限公司 | 一种自清洁玻璃的制备方法 |
CN108698921A (zh) * | 2016-02-26 | 2018-10-23 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | 在玻璃基材上选择性地蚀刻层或层堆叠体的方法 |
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US7713632B2 (en) | 2004-07-12 | 2010-05-11 | Cardinal Cg Company | Low-maintenance coatings |
FR2878843B1 (fr) * | 2004-12-02 | 2007-07-20 | Saint Gobain | Substrat protege contre les pollutions organiques |
US7452518B2 (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2008-11-18 | Momentive Performance Materials Inc. | Process for treating synthetic silica powder and synthetic silica powder treated thereof |
JP5129975B2 (ja) | 2006-04-11 | 2013-01-30 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 向上した低保守特性を有する光触媒コーティング |
US20080011599A1 (en) | 2006-07-12 | 2008-01-17 | Brabender Dennis M | Sputtering apparatus including novel target mounting and/or control |
JP5474796B2 (ja) | 2007-09-14 | 2014-04-16 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 低保守コーティングおよび低保守コーティングの製造方法 |
EP3541762B1 (en) | 2016-11-17 | 2022-03-02 | Cardinal CG Company | Static-dissipative coating technology |
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PT850203E (pt) | 1995-09-15 | 2001-07-31 | Saint Gobain | Substrato com revestimento fotocatalitico a base de dioxido de titanio e dispersoes organicas a base de dioxido de titanio |
FR2738813B1 (fr) | 1995-09-15 | 1997-10-17 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Substrat a revetement photo-catalytique |
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2002
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- 2003-01-22 JP JP2003562051A patent/JP2005515148A/ja active Pending
- 2003-01-22 WO PCT/FR2003/000201 patent/WO2003062166A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2003-01-22 AU AU2003214327A patent/AU2003214327A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-01-22 CN CNB038026678A patent/CN100358821C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103391904A (zh) * | 2011-02-15 | 2013-11-13 | 旭硝子欧洲玻璃公司 | 用于制造装饰玻璃片材的方法 |
CN108698921A (zh) * | 2016-02-26 | 2018-10-23 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | 在玻璃基材上选择性地蚀刻层或层堆叠体的方法 |
CN105819707A (zh) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-08-03 | 无锡绿莓新材料科技有限公司 | 一种自清洁玻璃的制备方法 |
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PL369825A1 (en) | 2005-05-02 |
WO2003062166A3 (fr) | 2004-03-11 |
EP1470090A2 (fr) | 2004-10-27 |
FR2835205A1 (fr) | 2003-08-01 |
CN100358821C (zh) | 2008-01-02 |
WO2003062166A2 (fr) | 2003-07-31 |
AU2003214327A1 (en) | 2003-09-02 |
FR2835205B1 (fr) | 2007-02-16 |
JP2005515148A (ja) | 2005-05-26 |
US20050084688A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
KR20040077772A (ko) | 2004-09-06 |
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