CN1595641B - 半导体装置及其制造方法 - Google Patents

半导体装置及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN1595641B
CN1595641B CN2004100749098A CN200410074909A CN1595641B CN 1595641 B CN1595641 B CN 1595641B CN 2004100749098 A CN2004100749098 A CN 2004100749098A CN 200410074909 A CN200410074909 A CN 200410074909A CN 1595641 B CN1595641 B CN 1595641B
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semiconductor element
lead
wire
semiconductor device
protuberance
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井野口浩
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Northeast Sanyo Semi-Conductive Co Ltd
Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种内设进行收发波长短的光的元件,进行和外部的光信号的输入输出的半导体装置及其制造方法。在由底部(12A)及侧部(12B)构成且上部具有开口部的壳体上放置半导体元件(13)。引线(11)配置成埋入底部(12A)且一端接近半导体元件(13)。半导体元件(13)和引线(11)由金属细线(14)连接。壳体(12)的开口部由对半导体元件(13)收发的光透明的材料构成的盖部(15)覆盖。

Description

半导体装置及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及内设进行收发光的半导体元件的半导体装置及其制造方法。
背景技术
参照图6说明现有的半导体装置100的结构。图6(A)是半导体装置100的平面图,图6(B)是其剖面图。
参照图6(A)及图6(B),在半导体装置100的中央部形成有由导电材料构成的接合区102,在接合区102周围接近多条引线101的一端。引线101的一端介由金属细线105和半导体元件104电连接,另一端自密封树脂103露出。密封树脂103具有密封半导体元件104、接合区102及引线101并一体支承的作用。另外,在半导体元件104采用光学元件时,采用对光具有透明性的树脂作为密封树脂103。
发明内容
但是,上述的半导体元件104采用进行发出或接收波长短的光的元件时,存在问题。具体可考虑如下情况:密封树脂103受到波长短的光的不利影响;通过密封树脂光信号劣化。前者,半导体元件104采用进行收发波长短的光(例如波长475nm左右的蓝激光)的元件时该光导致密封树脂103出现变色等现象。后者,由于混入有分型剂等的密封树脂16的透明度不充分,故半导体元件收发的蓝激光等的波长短的光被密封树脂16衰减。
本发明是为解决上述问题而开发的,其主要目的在于,提供一种可内设进行收发波长短的光的元件的半导体装置及其制造方法。
本发明的半导体装置特征在于,具有:壳体,其由底部及侧部构成,上部具有开口部;半导体元件,其固定在所述底部的表面,且其表面设有受光部或发光部;引线,其埋入所述底部,并且其表面的一部分在所述半导体元件附近的、所述壳体的内部空间露出,背面的一部分从所述底部的下面向外部露出;盖部,其由对所述受光部接收的光或所述发光部发出的光具有透明性的材料构成,且封堵所述开口部,通过自所述底部部分地露出的所述引线的所述背面而形成外部电极。
本发明半导体装置的制造方法的特征在于包括以下工序:形成由具有在下方突出的凸部的多条引线构成的单元;通过树脂覆盖所述单元而形成底部,以使所述引线部分地从背面露出,同时形成连接所述底部的侧部,在所述各单元上形成具有开口部的壳体;在所述底部固定半导体元件;利用金属细线将所述引线的凸部附近的表面和所述半导体元件连接;使用由具有透明性的材料构成的盖部封堵所述开口部;通过切断所述引线及所述侧部,分离所述各单元。
附图说明
图1(A)是表示本发明半导体装置的平面图,图1(B)是其背面图,图1(C)是其剖面图;
图2(A)~图2(B)是表示本发明半导体装置的剖面图;
图3(A)~图3(B)是表示本发明半导体装置制造方法的平面图,图3(C)是其剖面图;
图4(A)是表示本发明半导体装置制造方法的平面图,图4(B)是其剖面图;
图5(A)是表示本发明半导体装置制造方法的平面图,图5(B)是其剖面图;
图6(A)是表示现有的半导体装置的平面图,图6(B)是其剖面图。
具体实施方式
参照图1说明本发明半导体装置的详细结构。图1(A)是本发明半导体装置10的平面图,图1(B)是背面图,图1(C)是图1(B)的X-X’线的剖面图。
参照该图,本发明的半导体装置10,在由底部12A及侧部12B构成的壳体12内放置有光半导体元件13。并且,在壳体12的底部12A上埋入有多条引线11。这些引线11的一端接近半导体元件13。通过金属细线14将半导体元件13和引线11连接。并且,通过透明的盖部15将壳体12的开口部封堵。
壳体12由树脂构成,其内部构成有放置半导体元件13的空间,在上部具有开口部。另外,壳体12由构成壳体底边的底部12A和自底部12A的周边部向上方延伸设置的侧部12B构成。
参照图1(A),引线11一端部接近半导体元件13,另一端部延伸设置至半导体装置10的周边部。另外,周边部引线11的相互间隔比位于半导体装置13附近引线11的相互间隔大。另外,延伸设置多个引线11,自两端方向夹着半导体元件13。另外,也可以在四个方向延伸设置设置引线11,包围半导体元件13。
参照图1(C)说明引线11的剖面结构。引线11具有在半导体元件13近旁的端部附近向下突出的第一凸部11A和在半导体装置10周边附近向下突出的第二凸部11B。未接近半导体元件13(周边部附近)的引线11的端部自壳体12的侧部12B露到外部。并且,第一及第二凸部11A和11B的背面自底部12A露出。图1(B)表示该状态。另外,露到外部的第二凸部11B的背面介由焊锡等焊料具有作为和外部进行电连接的外部电极的功能。由此,第二凸部11B相互间隔由形成焊锡桥接的范围确定。另外,第一凸部11A也自壳体12背面露出。由此,第一凸部11A和第二凸部11B的间隔设定成比第二凸部11B相互间隔长,以不形成焊锡桥接。
半导体元件13被放置在壳体12内部,固定在底部12A的表面。并且,介由金属细线14将半导体元件13的电极和引线11电连接。半导体元件13其背面形成有受光元件或/及发光元件。另外,在此,半导体元件13可采用收发波长475nm左右的高频蓝激光的元件。
凹部16是部分凹刻由树脂构成的底部12A的表面的区域,其平面的大小对应载置的半导体元件13的大小。并且,介由涂敷于该凹部16的Ag膏等粘结剂固定粘接半导体元件13。
盖部15具有自上部封堵壳体12的开口部的功能,其材料采用对半导体元件13收发的光具有透明性的材料。例如,当半导体元件13收发波长475nm左右的高频蓝激光时,盖部15采用对该蓝激光具有透明性的材料。例如,玻璃是作为盖部15的优良材料。
参照图2说明上述的半导体装置10的安装结构。图2(A)及图2(B)是安装在安装衬底20上的半导体装置10的剖面图。
参照图2(A),通过在装置背面露出的第二凸部11B上附着焊锡等焊料22,半导体装置10固定在安装衬底20上的导电路21上。即,利用引线11的露出部分可湿性来限制焊料22的形状。并且排除焊锡桥接导致的短路的危险性。
参照图2(B),在此,在半导体装置10背面形成有焊锡抗蚀剂17。在对应第二凸部11B的位置的抗蚀剂17上形成开口部,形成焊料22。由此,在此通过在抗蚀剂17上设置的开口部来规制焊料22的位置及形状。
参照图3及其以后的附图,说明所述的半导体装置10的制造方法。
首先,参照图3,形成由各具有在下方突出的凸部的多条引线11构成的单元32。图3(A)是作为形成多个块33的导电箔的框31的平面图,图3(B)是一个块33中的单元32的放大图,图3(C)是图3(B)X-X’线的剖面图。
参照图3(A),通过加工作为由铜等金属构成的导电箔的框31,在框31中以规定的距离分开配置有多个块33。在各块中以矩阵状形成有多个单元32。在此,单元是构成一个半导体装置的要素单位。
参照图3(B)说明上述单元32的具体结构。在本发明中,在块33内部以等间隔延伸设置有第一连接部34A及第二连接部34B。在此,在纸面的纵向上以等间隔延伸设置有第一连接部34A,并以等间隔延伸设置有第二连接部34B,使其与第一连接部34A直角交叉。自在横向延伸设置的第二连接部34B在上下方向延伸设置引线11。当观察一个单元32时,自位于单元32上部的第二连接部34B向单元内侧(下方向)延伸设置多条引线11。另外自位于单元32下部的第二连接部34B向单元内侧(上方向)延伸设置多条引线11。
参照图3(C)说明引线11的剖面结构。在引线11上前端部具有第一凸部11A,在对应单元32周边部的位置具有第二凸部。另外,上述的框31的加工可利用冲压或蚀刻进行。
其次,参照图4,在各单元中注射成形由底部12A及侧部12B构成的壳体12。图4(A)是单元32的放大图,图4(B)是图4(A)X-X’线的剖面图。
在此,在每个块放置在一个空腔内一并进行树脂密封。可通过使用热可塑性树脂的注入模或使用热固化性树脂的传递模进行该树脂密封。另外,用于本工序中的上模型形成对应壳体12内部区域形状的形状,以形成放置半导体元件的区域。即,和壳体12内部区域配合的形状的凸状部分在进行模制的上模型上形成。在树脂密封中,引线11的表面接触上模型的下面。由此,可防止密封树脂错误粘附在电连接区域。
另外,在引线11电连接区域(和金属细线连接的位置)的下部设置有第一凸部11A。由此,在树脂密封时,引线11的电连接区域与模制模型的上模型接触,第一凸部11A接触下模型。由此,引线11不上下移动,可进一步提高上述的效果。
另外,通过本工序,在载置半导体元件的规定区域形成凹部16。凹部16的平面的大小可形成比载置规定的半导体元件大一些。
其次,参照图5,在底部12A上固定半导体元件13。另外在引线11的凸部附近的表面进行引线接合,利用金属细线14连接半导体元件16和引线11。图5(A)是单元32的放大图,图5(B)是图5(A)的X-X’线的剖面图。
首先,介由粘结剂在设于底部12A的凹部16上固定粘接半导体元件13。在此,粘结剂除Ag膏可全体使用绝缘性粘结剂等。这样,通过在凹部16上固定粘接半导体元件13,可防止溢出的粘结剂粘附到引线11等上。
另外,通过形成凹部16,可降低半导体元件13的位置。由此,可减小半导体元件13表面和引线11表面的高低差。由此,可容易地利用金属细线进行半导体元件13和引线11的连接。还可提高引线结合的工序的成品率。
其次,参照相同的图5(B),使用由具有透明性的材料构成的盖部15封堵开口部。另外通过切断引线11及侧部12B分离各单元32。
通过由玻璃等透明材料构成的盖部15封堵半导体元件的上方开口部。另外,可通过绝缘性粘结剂进行盖部15的粘结。在此,使用平面的大小比内设半导体元件13的内部区域大一些的盖部15来封堵各个开口部。另外,还可以使用封堵一个块33整体这样尺寸的盖部15。此时,在下面的工序中和其它结构要素一起分割盖部15。
然后,在图5(B)所示的虚线位置,通过将侧部12B及引线11划线,分割成各单元32。即,在本工序中,各引线11之间电绝缘。通过以上的工序,完成如图1所示的半导体元件13。
在本发明中,可达到以下所示的效果。
在树脂制壳体内放置半导体元件,形成具有透明性的盖部,以封堵该壳体开口部。由于该盖部对半导体元件收发的光线具有高的透明度,故可防止密封材料导致的光信号的劣化。
另外,在制造方法上,在形成电连接区域的位置的下部设置第一凸部,将该区域上面接触在模制模型的上模型上,将第一凸部接触在下模型上。由此,通过模制工序,可防止密封树脂粘附在引线的电连接区域。

Claims (6)

1.一种半导体装置,其特征在于,具有:壳体,其由底部及侧部构成,上部具有开口部;半导体元件,其固定粘接在所述底部的表面,且其表面设有受光部或发光部;引线,其埋入所述底部,并且其表面的一部分在所述半导体元件附近的、所述壳体的内部空间露出,背面的一部分从所述底部的背面向外部露出;金属细线,其连接所述半导体元件和所述引线;盖部,其由对所述受光部接收的光或所述发光部发出的光具有透明性的材料构成,且封堵所述开口部,
通过自所述底部部分地露出的所述引线的所述背面而形成外部电极。
2.如权利要求1所述的半导体装置,其特征在于,在所述底部表面设置凹部,所述半导体元件介由涂敷于所述凹部的粘结剂固定粘接粘接在所述底部。
3.如权利要求1所述的半导体装置,其特征在于,所述盖部由玻璃构成。
4.一种半导体装置的制造方法,其特征在于,包括以下工序:形成由具有在下方突出的凸部的多条引线构成的单元;通过树脂覆盖所述单元而形成底部,以使所述引线部分地从背面露出,同时形成连接所述底部的侧部,在所述各单元上形成具有开口部的壳体;在所述底部固定半导体元件;利用金属细线将所述引线的凸部附近的表面和所述半导体元件连接;使用由具有透明性的材料构成的盖部封堵所述开口部;通过切断所述引线及所述侧部,分离所述各单元。
5.如权利要求4所述的半导体装置的制造方法,其特征在于,在导电箔上形成由以矩阵状形成的多个所述单元构成的块。
6.如权利要求4所述的半导体装置的制造方法,其特征在于,所述凸部由设于所述引线端部附近的第一凸部和设于所述单元周边部附近的引线上的第二凸部构成。
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