CN1518203A - 具有形状记忆柔性电缆的致动器装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种包括具有柔性外壳(3)的形状记忆柔性电缆的致动器将外壳(3)用作施加机械张力的元件,通过电池和机械地控制该致动器来使用它。该形状记忆柔性电缆(2)设置有由合成材料或者弹性体材料制成的涂层(106),涂层(106)模制且粘附到电缆(2)上,在电缆被激励以后,由于涂层的弹性回复和有利于电缆冷却的事实,所以该涂层有利于形状记忆电缆快速返回到其静止结构。最好,该涂层(106)通过与形状记忆电缆的共同挤压过程获得。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种致动器装置,其包括柔性电缆和柔性外壳,该柔性电缆的一端连接到受控元件,该柔性电缆安装在该柔性外壳中,其中,该柔性电缆的至少一部分由形状记忆材料构成,该材料在其加热时可以经历形状的变化,以便控制该受控元件。
背景技术
在很广范围的领域中,并且通常是无论哪里需要提供一种简单和便宜的且使得能够远程控制元件的位移的机械传递的柔性电缆致动器装置,都有它们的应用。例如,柔性电缆致动器装置用于提供对机动车辆的手动控制的致动,例如,用于从后面的仓门式后背或者发动机罩的内部释放,或者用于可移动部分或者机动车辆的座位的机构的致动,或者用于发动机的可移动元件或者机动车辆所装的设备的致动。还有除了汽车领域以外的更多已知的广泛应用。
一种柔性电缆致动器装置可以从文件DE-C-199 16 244获知,该柔性电缆致动器装置具有在本说明书的开始部分涉及的特性。所述已知的装置设计为在任何使用的情况下为手动控制。然而,该装置的致动致使激励形状记忆元件,结果,该受控元件经历相对于仅仅由手动致动产生的位移的附加位移。
在已有的2001年6月27日提交的No.TO2001A000618意大利专利申请中,以及在相应的国际专利申请PCT/IB02/02361中,本申请人已经提出了一种致动器装置,其包括:
一端连接到受控元件的柔性电缆,以及
内部安装该柔性电缆的柔性外壳,
其中,该柔性电缆的至少一部分由形状记忆材料构成,该材料在其加热时可以经历形状的变化,以便控制该受控元件,
其中,前述的外壳相对于固定的支撑结构安装,使得只在相应于受控元件的致动方向的方向上自由地纵向移动,以及
而且其中,该前述的外壳连接到受控元件,使得可以在前述的致动方向上直接传输位移,如果在相反方向移动,可替代的,该外壳与受控元件断开,这样,所述致动器可以作为机械传递元件手动致动使用,使用外壳作为传递元件,以及通过形状记忆电缆的形状变化来使用,该形状变化可以通过加热该电缆来获得。该加热可以通过使电流通过形状记忆电缆来实现。
为了进一步改进所述的致动器装置,本发明的主题是一种具有所有上述特性的装置,其特征在于,所述柔性电缆具有由弹性体或者合成材料制成的涂层,该涂层在柔性电缆上模制,且粘附其上,当该形状记忆电缆被激励时,该涂层弹性变形,这样可以有利于该形状记忆电缆返回到其静止位置,这是因为在激励以后涂层的弹性回复并可以加速形状记忆电缆的冷却导致的。
最好所述的涂层通过与形状记忆电缆一起同时挤压(共同挤压)的操作来获得。
应当注意,这样获得的涂层粘附到电缆,且相对于致动器装置的外壳和相对于可能的另外的隔离涂层构成一个独立的元件,这些隔离涂层也在前述的本申请人的专利申请中示出,设置在电缆和外壳之间。
该共同挤压在电缆上的涂层的材料这样选择,使得可以获得双重优点。一方面,所述材料不是电导体,这样在致动器激励期间,当有电流通过电缆时,该材料不会被加热,而代替为该电缆被加热。结果,该前述共同挤压涂层的材料在激励步骤结束时有利于且加速该形状记忆电缆的冷却。第二个重要的优点在于这样的事实,即,由于前述的涂层由弹性材料制成,所以在由形状记忆材料制成的电缆在其激励时被缩短时其起承受压力的分散的弹簧的作用。结果,在激励步骤结束时,该涂层有助于该电缆快速回复其静止状态,该涂层不但加速了冷却,而且由于涂层弹性回复而朝着电缆的静止状态推动电缆。
当然,本发明是通用的,因此还可以用在汽车领域以外,特别是应用可以手动和电动致动的致动器装置证明是有用的领域。形状记忆致动元件已经了解了一段时间,且在广泛的领域中使用,在这些领域中,必须要用到简单和低成本结构的致动器装置。它们使用形状记忆金属合金,在一超过预定的转变温度之后,该金属合金就可以变形。通常,通过致动器元件直接探测温度变化来实现加热,或者也可以通过该致动器元件供应电流,使得通过焦耳效应来加热。在本发明的情况下,电源供应可以与电子控制装置连接,该电子控制装置设计为根据温度传感器、位置或者位移传感器,或者电位计探测的信号来控制电流的供应。
当然,由形状记忆材料制成的电缆可以是任何结构。具体地,该电缆也可以具有U形的结构,具有向前的伸展和回复的伸展,且其两端设置为相互邻近,或者,还可以提供共同挤压在用一涂层材料中的多个电缆。
附图说明
现在参考附图来描述本发明,这些附图只是通过非限定的例子来提供,其中:
图1是本申请人以前提出的致动器装置的一个实施例的部分截面的透视图,其相应于上述的国际专利申请PCT/IB02/02361中的图5;以及
图2是形成根据本发明的致动器装置的一部分的电缆的部分截面透视图。
具体实施方式
参考图1,这里示出了前面提出的致动器的应用的一个例子,用于控制机动车辆后面的仓门式后背的锁。
存在要求生产者的标准,即需要可以从内部手动操作锁,以便使被意外地关闭在机动车辆内部的人可以开启仓门式后背。在所述的例子中,致动器可以通过环100手动操作,该环100通过电缆101连接到柔性电缆致动器装置的外壳3。套管102固定在外壳3上,该套管102设计为给固定的制动装置103施加压力,该制动装置103形成仓门式后背锁的装置的结构104的一部分。固定到外壳3的套管102和制动装置103的配合动作防止了外壳3在致动方向相反的方向上的位移。在外壳3的内部设置了由形状记忆材料制成的柔性电缆2,该柔性电缆2一端2a固定到圆柱形主体5,该圆柱形主体5通过在锁104的罩的壁上形成的开口105连接到锁的受控元件(没有示出)上。还提供了电的供应(没有示出),以便在形状记忆电缆2的两个相对端施加电压,以便引起电缆的缩短。当致动器通过作用在环100上手动操作时,机械张力通过外壳3传递,外壳3向右边移动(如图1中所示),引起套管102后退离开固定的制动装置103。由于在外壳3的端部锚定有环11,该环位于圆柱形主体5的内部腔的端部表面5a上,所以外壳3的位移引起圆柱形主体5的相应位移。圆柱形主体的位移引起致动受控元件,如已经提到的,该受控元件通过穿过开口105的连接件连接到圆柱形主体5上。
可替代的,在电致动的情况下,由于外壳3不能移动到左边,所以外壳3保持固定,结果套管102接合固定的制动装置103,同时形状记忆电缆2缩短,使得圆柱体5在外壳3上滑动(这样,环11移动离开相对的表面5a),且再次致动受控元件。
在手动致动的情况下,使用致动器装置的外壳作为机械传递的元件的优点在于这样的事实,即,这样,在形状记忆柔性电缆的偶然故障的情况下,也总是可以保证装置的操作。
可以注意到,在上述提出的方法的情况下,如图1所示,设置在电缆2和外壳3之间的是由合成材料制成的隔离层106,该隔离层106连接到外壳3且固定在外壳3上。所述层只执行隔离的功能,这样,在装置操作期间,产生了柔性电缆相对于装置的相对运动。
在本发明的情况下,可替代的,提出了一种致动器装置,其基本类似于图1所示的致动器装置,然而,不同之处在于,该柔性电缆具有如图2所示类型的结构。在该图中,相应于图1中的部分由相同的标号表示。可以看出,根据本发明也提供了由形状记忆材料制成的柔性电缆2,且具有相应的柔性外壳3和隔离层106,在所示的情况下包括金属护罩或者软管。
相对于前面提出的且在图1中示出的方法的不同之处在于这样的事实,即,在这样的情况下,在由形状记忆材料2制成的电缆之上模制涂层110,该涂层110粘附到形状记忆电缆2,且在弹性体/硅树脂或者合成材料之间选择,使得涂层110既可以有利于在通入电流停止以后电缆2的冷却,又可以有利于由于涂层110的弹性回复使有利于电缆2回复到其静止结构。
如已经提到的,该涂层110最好通过构成电缆2的材料和涂层110的共同挤压的操作在电缆2上模制。换句话说,在生产过程中,电缆2和相应的涂层110通过共同挤压的方法同时获得,这具有这样的优点,即,使得在单次操作中获得了所期望的结构,而不需要附加的装配操作。
如已经提到的,粘附到电缆2上的涂层110表现出纵向分布弹簧的功能,当致动以后,电缆2缩短时,这些纵向分布的弹簧受到压缩,结果由于涂层的弹性回复有利于电缆回复到平衡位置。
如已经提到的,形状记忆电缆可以是任何结构。还可以在相同的涂层中共同挤压多个形状记忆电缆。特别感兴趣的是电缆的U形结构,其具有向前的伸展和返回的伸展,且相互邻近的电缆两端尤其具有这样的优势,即,其方便电缆电连接到供电装置上。
当然,在不损害本发明的原理的情况下,相对于仅仅示例性地描述和所显示的结构和实施例,在不偏离本发明的范围下,其细节可以改变很大。
Claims (2)
1.一种致动器装置,其包括
柔性电缆(2),其一端连接到受控元件,以及
柔性外壳(3),柔性电缆(2)安装在柔性外壳(3)中,
其中,该柔性电缆(2)的至少一部分由形状记忆材料构成,该材料在其加热时可以经历形状的变化,以便控制该受控元件,
其中,所述的外壳(3)相对于固定的支持结构(103)安装,使得只在受控元件的致动方向上自由地纵向移动,以及
而且其中,该前述的外壳(3)连接到受控元件,使得可以在前述的致动方向上直接传输位移,且如果在致动方向相反方向移动,可替代的,该外壳与受控元件断开,
这样,所述致动器可以手动致动使用,使用外壳作为机械传递元件,以及通过形状记忆电缆(2)的形状变化来使用,该形状变化可以通过对该电缆进行加热来获得,
其特征在于:所述柔性电缆具有由弹性体/硅树脂或者合成材料制成的涂层,该涂层在柔性电缆上模制,且粘附其上,当该形状记忆电缆被激励时,该涂层弹性变形,这样可以有利于该形状记忆电缆回复到其静止位置,这是因为在激励以后涂层的弹性回复和加速形状记忆电缆的冷却造成的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的致动器装置,其特征在于:通过与形状记忆电缆共同挤压的方法获得所述涂层(106)。
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IT000045A ITTO20030045A1 (it) | 2003-01-28 | 2003-01-28 | Dispositivo attuatore a cavo flessibile a memoria di forma |
ITTO2003A000045 | 2003-01-28 |
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CN1518203A true CN1518203A (zh) | 2004-08-04 |
CN100539384C CN100539384C (zh) | 2009-09-09 |
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US (2) | US6835083B1 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP1443227B1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP4177733B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100749604B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100539384C (zh) |
AT (2) | ATE398735T1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2447925C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE60300856T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2240893T3 (zh) |
IT (1) | ITTO20030045A1 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT1443227E (zh) |
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CN1869391B (zh) * | 2005-05-27 | 2011-06-15 | C.R.F.阿西安尼顾问公司 | 设有用于在车门开闭时移动车窗玻璃的装置的机动车车门 |
CN105089388A (zh) * | 2014-05-05 | 2015-11-25 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 具有形状记忆合金驱动件的齐平门把手和被加热的密封 |
CN111295511A (zh) * | 2017-11-17 | 2020-06-16 | 艾斯科技公司 | 形状记忆合金驱动式的旋转式致动器 |
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-
2003
- 2003-01-28 IT IT000045A patent/ITTO20030045A1/it unknown
- 2003-07-11 DE DE60300856T patent/DE60300856T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-11 AT AT04014736T patent/ATE398735T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-07-11 AT AT03015862T patent/ATE298049T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-07-11 DE DE60321654T patent/DE60321654D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-11 ES ES03015862T patent/ES2240893T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-11 EP EP03015862A patent/EP1443227B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-11 PT PT03015862T patent/PT1443227E/pt unknown
- 2003-07-11 EP EP04014736A patent/EP1460284B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-08 US US10/636,783 patent/US6835083B1/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-08-11 JP JP2003291333A patent/JP4177733B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-04 CA CA002447925A patent/CA2447925C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-10 KR KR1020030089242A patent/KR100749604B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2003-12-10 CN CNB2003101203927A patent/CN100539384C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-06-21 US US11/157,197 patent/USRE40303E1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-07-07 JP JP2005198583A patent/JP4355686B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1869391B (zh) * | 2005-05-27 | 2011-06-15 | C.R.F.阿西安尼顾问公司 | 设有用于在车门开闭时移动车窗玻璃的装置的机动车车门 |
CN101552575A (zh) * | 2008-04-03 | 2009-10-07 | 普拉德研究及开发股份有限公司 | 使用磁致伸缩动力元件的线性致动器 |
CN105089388A (zh) * | 2014-05-05 | 2015-11-25 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 具有形状记忆合金驱动件的齐平门把手和被加热的密封 |
CN105089388B (zh) * | 2014-05-05 | 2018-01-26 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 具有形状记忆合金驱动件的齐平门把手和被加热的密封 |
CN111295511A (zh) * | 2017-11-17 | 2020-06-16 | 艾斯科技公司 | 形状记忆合金驱动式的旋转式致动器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20040069254A (ko) | 2004-08-05 |
EP1460284B1 (en) | 2008-06-18 |
ATE398735T1 (de) | 2008-07-15 |
KR100749604B1 (ko) | 2007-08-14 |
ES2240893T3 (es) | 2005-10-16 |
DE60300856T2 (de) | 2006-05-11 |
US6835083B1 (en) | 2004-12-28 |
EP1443227B1 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
PT1443227E (pt) | 2005-08-31 |
CA2447925A1 (en) | 2004-07-28 |
JP4177733B2 (ja) | 2008-11-05 |
USRE40303E1 (en) | 2008-05-06 |
DE60321654D1 (de) | 2008-07-31 |
CA2447925C (en) | 2010-02-02 |
CN100539384C (zh) | 2009-09-09 |
ATE298049T1 (de) | 2005-07-15 |
JP4355686B2 (ja) | 2009-11-04 |
DE60300856D1 (de) | 2005-07-21 |
JP2005299933A (ja) | 2005-10-27 |
JP2004232855A (ja) | 2004-08-19 |
ITTO20030045A1 (it) | 2004-07-29 |
EP1460284A3 (en) | 2006-07-05 |
EP1460284A2 (en) | 2004-09-22 |
EP1443227A1 (en) | 2004-08-04 |
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