CN1505658A - 包含不同乙烯含量的组分的乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物共混物 - Google Patents
包含不同乙烯含量的组分的乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物共混物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1505658A CN1505658A CNA01809242XA CN01809242A CN1505658A CN 1505658 A CN1505658 A CN 1505658A CN A01809242X A CNA01809242X A CN A01809242XA CN 01809242 A CN01809242 A CN 01809242A CN 1505658 A CN1505658 A CN 1505658A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/16—Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/16—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers
- C08F210/18—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers with non-conjugated dienes, e.g. EPT rubbers
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2308/00—Chemical blending or stepwise polymerisation process with the same catalyst
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
Abstract
描述一种包含第一和第二乙烯/α－烯烃聚合物组分的乙烯/α－烯烃聚合物共混物，其中第一组分的乙烯含量与第二组分的乙烯含量相差至少10wt％。此种共混物，与二组分中任何一种，或者与组成相近但每种组分的乙烯含量基本相同的乙烯/α－烯烃聚合物共混物相比，表现出低温、粒料流动、压缩变定、熔体强度和/或保形性等性能的综合改善。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物共混物。本发明一方面涉及包含二或更多种乙烯/α-烯烃组分的聚合物共混物，同时本发明另一方面涉及这样的共混物，其一种或多种组分包含乙烯/α-烯烃/多烯聚合物。本发明又一个方面涉及这样的乙烯/α-烯烃组分的聚合物共混物，其中一种组分的乙烯含量与至少一种其他组分的乙烯含量相差至少约10wt％。
背景技术
乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物共混物在技术上是熟知的。U.S.P.4,438,238；4,722,971；4,874,820；4,902,738；4,937,299；4,939,217；5,013,801；5,236,998；5,292,845；5,382,631；5,494,965；5,539,076；5,691,413；5,728,766；4,429,079；4,530,914；5,605,969；5,338,589；5,260,384；5,478,890；5,438,100；5,476,903；5,703,180；5,464,905；5,744,551；5,747,620和5,798,427中公开的共混物是其中的代表，在此将以上每一篇专利收作参考。
共混物之所以有用是因为它们提供构成该共混物的单个组分所不具备的性能。例如，分子量分布(MWD)比较窄，例如2或更低的乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物所生产的薄膜虽具有良好透明度，但通常加工起来比那些所有方面都相近，只是MWD等于或大于3的乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物效率低。可是，MWD等于或大于3的乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物所生产的薄膜透明度却比MWD等于或小于2的类似乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物低。若将这两种聚合物掺混，所产生的组合物生产出的薄膜通常将既具有可心的透明度又具有可心的加工性。再者，依具体的乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物、每种聚合物的比例、聚合物制造和/或掺混的方式、感兴趣的性能和许多其他可变性而定，共混物的一种或多种性能可能高于其组成部分的简单平均值。
虽然乙烯/α-聚合物共混物可采用众多不同方法当中任何一种来制备，但通常这些方法不外乎两大类之一，即，“反应器后掺混”和“反应器中掺混”。前者的例子是：熔融挤出机，二或更多种固态乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物被喂入其中，并物理地混合成为基本均匀的组合物；以及多个溶液、淤浆或气相反应器布置成平行阵列，来自每一个的输出物彼此掺混形成基本均匀的组合物，最后以固体形式回收该组合物。后者的例子是多个串联反应器，在各单个反应器中加入二或更多种催化剂。虽然每一大类方法各有其自己的优缺点，但“反应器中掺混法”是一种组分相容性，即，由诸组分制成基本均匀共混物的能力，被视为考虑因素之一的掺混物制造的优选技术。一般而言，采用“反应器中”技术与反应器后技术，尤其是与熔融挤出相比，由达不到完全相容的乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分制造基本均匀共混物要来得更容易，更成功，成本效益更好。
乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物以及这些材料的共混物在工业上占有重要地位，因为它们显示和/或给各种产品，例如薄膜以及模塑和挤出制品，提供可心的性能。通常感兴趣的性能是低温冲击强度、压缩变定、熔体强度、保形性、粒料流动、机械强度和模量。视最终用途而定，经常是，这些性能当中一种或多种比其他的更重要。这些比较重要性能的提高常常要求采用乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物的共混物。工业界感兴趣的当然是那些提高主要性能，同时又不显著降低其他性能的共混物。
发明概述
按照本发明，通过掺混第一乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分与第二乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分制备低温、粒料流动、压缩变定、熔体强度和/或保形性等性能改善的乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物共混物，前提是，第一与第二乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分的乙烯含量彼此相差至少约10wt％。该共混物可通过反应器后或者反应器中掺混法制备，且第一组分对第二组分的重量比可大幅变动，典型值介于80∶20～20∶80。本发明的一个特征在于，在提高这些共混物性能的同时并不显著降低共混物组分的其他可心性能。
附图简述
图1是展示本发明范例弹性体共混物的残余结晶度与对照弹性体的比较的曲线图。
图2是展示本发明范例弹性体共混物的模量G’与一种对照弹性体和两种市售弹性体的比较。
发明详述
本发明乙烯/α-烯烃共混物组分是乙烯与至少一种C3～C20α-烯烃(优选脂族α-烯烃)共聚单体和/或多烯共聚单体如共轭二烯、非共轭二烯、三烯等的聚合物，即，共聚体。术语共聚体包括共聚物，如乙烯/丙烯(EP)，和三元共聚物，例如EPDM(乙丙三元橡胶)，但不限于仅由乙烯和一种或两种单体制造的聚合物。C3～C20α-烯烃的例子包括丙烯、1-丁烯、4-甲基-1-戊烯、1-己烯、1-辛烯、1-癸烯、1-十二碳烯、1-十四碳烯、1-十六碳烯、1-十八碳烯和1-二十碳烯。α-烯烃还可包含环状结构如环己烷或环戊烷，从而形成诸如3-环己基-1-丙烯(烯丙基-环己烷)和乙烯基环己烷之类的α-烯烃。尽管不是该术语经典意义上的α-烯烃，但就本发明目的而言，诸如降冰片烯和相关烯烃之类的某些环烯也是α-烯烃，并且可以用来替代上面描述的α-烯烃的全部或一部分。类似地，苯乙烯及其相关烯烃(例如，α-甲基苯乙烯等)是符合本发明目的的α-烯烃。
多烯是分子链中包含多于4个碳原子并且具有至少两个双和/或三键的不饱和脂族或脂环族化合物，例如，共轭和非共轭二烯和三烯。非共轭二烯的例子包括脂族二烯，例如1，4-戊二烯、1，4-己二烯、1，5-己二烯、2-甲基-1，5-己二烯、1，6-庚二烯、6-甲基-1，5-庚二烯、1，6-辛二烯、1，7-辛二烯、7-甲基-1，6-辛二烯、1，13-十四碳二烯、1，19-二十碳二烯等；环二烯，例如1，4-环己二烯、双环[2.2.1]庚-2，5-二烯、5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯、5-亚甲基-2-降冰片烯、5-乙烯基-2-降冰片烯、双环[2.2.2]辛-2，5-二烯、4-乙烯基环己-1-烯、双环[2.2.2]辛-2，6-二烯、1，7，7-三甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2，5-二烯、二环戊二烯、甲基四氢化茚、5-烯丙基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、1，5-环辛二烯等；芳族二烯如1，4-二烯丙基苯、4-烯丙基-1H-茚；以及三烯如2，3-二异亚丙烯基(diisopropenylidiene)-5-降冰片烯、2-亚乙基-3-异亚丙基-5-降冰片烯、2-丙烯基-2，5-降冰片二烯、1，3，7-辛三烯、1，4，9-癸三烯等；其中5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯、5-乙烯基-2-降冰片烯和7-甲基-1，6-辛二烯是优选的非共轭二烯。
共轭二烯的例子包括丁二烯、异戊二烯、2，3-二甲基丁二烯-1，3、1，2-二甲基丁二烯-1，3、1，4-二甲基丁二烯-1，3、1-乙基丁二烯-1，3、2-苯基丁二烯-1，3、己二烯-1，3、4-甲基戊二烯-1，3、1，3-戊二烯(CH3CH＝CH-CH＝CH2；通常称之为戊间二烯)、3-甲基-1，3-戊二烯、2，4-二甲基-1，3-戊二烯、3-乙基-1，3-戊二烯等；其中1，3-戊二烯是优选的共轭二烯。
三烯的例子包括1，3，5-己三烯、2-甲基-1，3，5-己三烯、1，3，6-庚三烯、1，3，6-环庚三烯、5-甲基-1，3，6-庚三烯、5-甲基-1，4，6-庚三烯、1，3，5-辛三烯、1，3，7-辛三烯、1，5，7-辛三烯、1，4，6-辛三烯、5-甲基-1，5，7-辛三烯、6-甲基-1，5，7-辛三烯、7-甲基-1，5，7-辛三烯、1，4，9-癸三烯和1，5，9-环癸三烯。
范例共聚物包括乙烯/丙烯、乙烯/丁烯、乙烯/1-辛烯、乙烯/5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯、乙烯/5-乙烯基-2-降冰片烯、乙烯/-1，7-辛二烯、乙烯/7-甲基-1，6-辛二烯和乙烯/1，3，5-己三烯。范例三元共聚物包括乙烯/丙烯/1-辛烯、乙烯/丁烯/1-辛烯、乙烯/丙烯/5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯、乙烯/丁烯/5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯、乙烯/丁烯/苯乙烯、乙烯/1-辛烯/5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯、乙烯/丙烯/1，3-戊二烯、乙烯/丙烯/7-甲基-1，6-辛二烯、乙烯/丁烯/7-甲基-1，6-辛二烯、乙烯/1-辛烯/1，3-戊二烯和乙烯/丙烯/1，3，5-己三烯。范例四元共聚物包括乙烯/丙烯/1-辛烯/二烯(例如ENB)、乙烯/丁烯/1-辛烯/二烯和乙烯/丙烯/混合二烯，例如乙烯/丙烯/5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯/戊间二烯。另外，共混物组分可包括少量，例如0.05～0.5wt％长链支化改进剂，如2，5-降冰片二烯(即双环[2，2，1]庚-2，5-二烯)、二烯丙基苯、1，7-辛二烯(H2C＝CH(CH2)4CH＝CH2)和1，9-癸二烯(H2C＝CH(CH2)6CH＝CH2)。
一般，本发明共混物组分包含至少约20，优选至少约30，更优选至少约40wt％乙烯；至少约1，优选至少约5，更优选至少约10wt％至少一种α-烯烃；以及，若是含多烯三元共聚物的话，大于0，优选至少约0.1，更优选至少约0.5wt％至少一种共轭或非共轭多烯。作为通常的上限，本发明共混物组分包含不超过约95，优选不超过约85，更优选不超过约75wt％乙烯；不超过约80，优选不超过约70，更优选不超过约60wt％至少一种α-烯烃；以及若是三元共聚物的话，不超过约20，优选不超过约15，更优选不超过约12wt％至少一种共轭或非共轭二烯。所有重量百分率全部以共混物重量为基准。
对本发明重要的是，共混物的第一与第二组分之间在乙烯含量上的差异至少为约10wt％，优选至少约15，更优选至少约20wt％。共混物的第一与第二组分之间在乙烯含量上的最大差异可变化很大，尽管实际上该最大差异不超过约30，优选约25wt％。
本发明乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分可采用传统乙烯/α-烯烃聚合技术制备。优选的是，本发明乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分采用单-或双环戊二烯基、茚基或芴基过渡金属(优选族4)催化剂或可限形状(constrained geometry catalyst)催化剂(CGC)并配合活化剂，按溶液、淤浆或气相聚合方法制备。催化剂优选是单-环戊二烯基、单-茚基或单-芴基CGC。溶液法是优选的。U.S.P.5,064,802；WO93/19104(U.S.S.N.8，003，1993-01-21提交)，以及WO95/00526公开可限形状金属络合物及其制备方法。含各种被取代茚基的金属络合物公开在WO95/14024和WO98/49212中。所有上述专利或其对应美国专利或批准的申请，在此一律按美国专利的习惯做法收作参考。
一般而言，聚合反应可在技术上熟知的齐格勒-纳塔或Kaminsky-Sinn类型聚合反应条件下完成，即，温度，0～250℃，优选30～200℃；压力，从大气压到10,000大气压(1013MPa)。悬浮、溶液、淤浆、气相、固态粉末聚合或其他工艺条件均可使用，若要求的话。载体，尤其是可使用二氧化硅、氧化铝或聚合物(尤其是聚(四氟乙烯)或聚烯烃)，并且较好在催化剂用于气相聚合法中时使用。载体优选以足以提供1∶100,000～1∶10，更优选1∶50,000～1∶20，最优选1∶10,000～1∶30的催化剂(按金属计)：载体重量比的用量使用。在大多数聚合反应中，催化剂：使用的可聚合化合物的摩尔比介于10-12∶1～10-1∶1，更优选10-9∶1～10-5∶1。
惰性液体适合作为聚合反应的溶剂。例子包括直链和支链烃，如异丁烷、丁烷、戊烷、己烷、庚烷、辛烷及其混合物；环烃和脂环烃，如环己烷、环庚烷、甲基环己烷、甲基环庚烷及其混合物；全氟烃，如全氟化C4-10链烷；以及芳族和烷基取代的芳族化合物，如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯。合适的溶剂还包括可当作单体或共聚单体使用的液态烯烃，包括丁二烯、环戊烯、1-己烯、1-己烷、4-乙烯基环己烯、乙烯基环己烷、3-甲基-1-戊烯、4-甲基-1-戊烯、1，4-己二烯、1-辛烯、1-癸烯、苯乙烯、二乙烯基苯、烯丙基苯和乙烯基甲苯(包括所有异构体，单独或混合物形式)。上述溶剂的混合物也适合使用。要求的话，正常条件下为气态的烯烃可通过加压转化为液态并在这里使用。
本发明乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分可采用任何反应器中或反应器后法掺混。反应器中掺混法比反应器后掺混法优选，且采用多反应器串联的方法又是优选的反应器中掺混法。这些反应器中可加入相同催化剂但操作在不同条件下，例如，不同反应物浓度、温度、压力等，或者操作在相同条件下但加入不同催化剂。
可用于制备本发明共混物的方法的例子包括，乙烯/α-烯烃聚合催化剂与至少一种附加均相或多相聚合催化剂组合使用，在同一反应器或在串联或并联的多个分开的反应器中制备具有可心性能的聚合物共混物。此种方法的例子公开在WO94/00500，第2 9页，4行～第33页，17行。该方法采用连续搅拌釜反应器(CSTR)串联或并联到至少一个其他CSTR或釜式反应器上。WO93/13143(第2页，19行～31行)公开，单体在第一反应器中采用具有第一反应性的第一CGC进行聚合，以及单体在第二反应器中采用具有第二反应性的第二CGC进行聚合，将来自两个反应器的产物合并。WO93/13143的3页，25行～32行公开了有关在一个反应器中采用具有不同反应性的两种CGC的应用。WO97/36942(4页，30行～6页，7行)公开了二环管反应器系统的应用。上述申请或其对应美国专利以及批准申请的相关内容照美国专利的习惯做法在此收作参考。
聚合物共混物的多分散性(分子量分布，或Mw/Mn或MWD)一般至少为约2，优选至少约2.1，尤其是至少约2.2～约10，优选约6，尤其约4。
多分散性指数的典型测定方法是采用凝胶渗透色谱术(GPC)，在Waters150℃高温色谱装置上进行，其上备有3个线性(linear)混合床柱(Polymer Laboratories(10μm粒度))，在140℃的系统温度操作。溶剂是1，2，4-三氯苯，用它配制成约0.5wt％的注入用样品溶液。流率是1.0mL/min，注射体积是100μL。
分子量的确定是利用窄分子量分布聚苯乙烯标准物(由PolymerLaboratories提供)并配合其洗脱体积推算的。等效聚乙烯分子量是这样确定的：采用聚乙烯和聚苯乙烯的适当Mark-Houwink系数(参见Williams和Ward在《聚合物科学杂志》，聚合物通讯，第6卷，(621)1968)中的描述)导出等式：
M聚乙烯＝(a)(M聚苯乙烯)b
在该等式中，a＝0.4316，b＝1.0。重均分子量Mw根据下式按照通常的方式算出：
Mw＝∑(wi)(Mi)
其中wi和Mi分别为从GPC中洗脱的第i级分的重量分数和分子量。一般而言，该聚合物共混物的Mw介于约10,000，优选约20,000，更优选约40,000，尤其约60,000～约1,000,000，优选约800,000，更优选约600,000，尤其约500,000。
本发明聚合物共混物覆盖一定的粘度范围，具体取决于共混物的分子量和任选的聚合后流变改性处理。一般，共混物粘度用门尼(Mooney)粘度表征，它是按照ASTM D 1646-89采用剪切流变仪在125℃测定的。聚合物共混物的门尼粘度一般介于从最低低于0.01，优选0.1，更优选约1，尤其约15，到最高约150，优选约125，更优选约100，尤其约70。
乙烯共聚体的流变学或剪切变稀行为是通过测定共聚体在0.1rad/s的粘度与在100rad/s的粘度之比确定的。该比值被称作流变比(RR)，V0.1/V100，或简单地称为0.1/100。RR是I10/I2的延伸，因此，在I2和I10测定有困难的情况下，例如I2小于0.5，或者共聚体的分子量比较高，或者共聚体的门尼粘度大于约35时，便可采用平行板流变仪测定共聚体的RR。
聚合物共混物的密度根据ASTM D-792测定，该密度介于从最低约0.850g/cm3，优选约0.853g/cm3，尤其约0.855g/cm3，到最大约0.970g/cm3，优选约0.940g/cm3，尤其约0.930g/cm3。对于属于弹性体的那些聚合物共混物，即，结晶度小于约45％的那些，最高密度为约0.895，优选约0.885，更优选0.875g/cm3。
旨在作为弹性体使用的聚合物共混物，其结晶度优选小于约40，更优选小于约30％，优选同时其熔点分别低于约115，优选低于约105℃。结晶度介于0～25％的弹性体聚合物共混物是进一步优选的。结晶度百分率是根据按聚合物共混物样品的差示扫描量热(DSC)测定的熔融热除以该聚合物共混物样品的总熔融热确定的。高密度均聚聚乙烯(100％结晶)的总熔融热是292J/g。
本发明的一个特征在于，在提高共混物一个组分所需性能的同时并不显著降低共混物另一组分的一种或多种可心性能。例如，本发明的某些共混物表现出比共混物的一种组分提高的低温冲击性能，同时共混物的其他组分的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)却没有任何明显降低。本发明其他共混物在粒料流动(即，由该共混物制备的粒料彼此滑移运动而不粘连或结团的能力)、给定结晶度的压缩变定、熔体强度和保形性等方面表现出同一现象(即，Tg没有明显降低)。
本发明另一个特征是，这些共混物，与组成类似但其中每种组分的乙烯含量基本相同的乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物共混物相比，表现出低温、粒料流动、压缩变定、熔体强度和/或保形性的组合的改善。
下面给出实施例以进一步说明本发明。除非另行指出，所有份数和百分率一律指重量而言。
具体实施方案
采用诸如WO98/49212中描述的那种双环管反应器制备4种弹性体。每种弹性体皆在与其他弹性体相同条件下用相同反应物和催化剂制备，达到相同总乙烯含量(占聚合物组分重量的66wt％)。对照弹性体是两种基本相同组分的共混物，即，第一环管反应器中制备的组分与第二环管反应器中制备的组分在组成和性能上基本相同。其余三种弹性体，即，弹性体1、2和3，是本发明的实施方案。每一方案与其他以及与对照例基本相同，只是在第一环管反应器中制备的组分的乙烯含量不同于第二环管反应器中制备的组分的乙烯含量。每种弹性体和两种市售供应弹性体(DutralTM4038，由Enichem制造和销售，和NordelTM IP 4770，由Dupont Dow Elastomers制造和销售)的组成、门尼粘度、重均分子量(Mw)、分子量分布(MWD)、结晶温度(Tc，包括开始和峰值)以及玻璃化转变温度(Tg)载于下表。
两种市售弹性体、一种对照弹性体和三种乙烯含量歧化的组合物的弹性体的物理性能
| NordelTMIP4770 | DutralTM4038 | 对照 | 弹性体1 | 弹性体2 | 弹性体3 | |
| 说明 | 66/66 | 74/60 | 54/74 | 48/78 | ||
| 门尼 | 70 | 62 | 63.2 | 58 | 59 | 64 |
| 乙烯 | 70.0 | 70.6 | 66.9 | 67.3 | 66.8 | 67.4 |
| 丙烯 | 25.1 | 24.4 | 28.2 | 28.1 | 28.4 | 27.7 |
| ENB | 4.9 | 5.0 | 4.91 | 4.66 | 4.82 | 4.9 |
| Mw | 196,700 | 180,000 | 179,700 | 177,800 | 184,000 | 185,800 |
| MWD | 2.8 | 2.71 | 2.92 | 2.9 | 2.34 | 2.93 |
| Tc开始 | 29.36 | 24.40 | 16.78 | 38.46 | 22.95 | 30.94 |
| Tc峰值 | 23.23 | 16.70 | 10.46 | 27.06 | 13.54 | 21.20 |
| Tg | -37.00 | -40.96 | -42.93 | -43.1 | -43.10 | -44.98 |
上表中的数据表明，弹性体1、2和3的Tg不仅比对照弹性体低，而且比两种市售弹性体(二者组成皆相近)也低。Tg较低通常意味着当此种产品作为密封、皮带和汽车软管时具有较好低温柔性。
弹性体1、2和3的高温下的残余结晶度在图1中与对照弹性体做了比较。从图中可以看出，随着弹性体组分之间乙烯含量歧化的扩大，残余结晶度也加大。一般而言，在较高温度，残余结晶度越大，弹性体(纯净或配置在其预期最终用途中)的保形性就越好。
图2给出对照弹性体、弹性体1、2和3、Norde lIP 4770和Dutral4038的模量G’。模量G’或储能模量，是衡量弹性体保形性的另一种尺度。在这方面，同样，弹性体1、2和3仍优于对照弹性体，即便后者总乙烯含量略高。
最后，弹性体1和2与对照弹性体就粒料流动做了比较。弹性体1和2表现出优于对照弹性体的温度回弹和较低粘连倾向。
虽然本发明已通过上面的说明和实施例做了相当详尽的描述，但本领域技术人员仍能在不偏离所附权利要求中描述的本发明精神和范围的条件下做出许多变化和修改。
Claims (10)
1.一种包含第一和第二乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分的乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物共混物，其中第一组分的乙烯含量与第二组分的乙烯含量相差至少约10wt％。
2.权利要求1的共混物，其中第一组分的乙烯含量与第二组分的乙烯含量相差至少约15wt％。
3.权利要求1的共混物，其中每种组分中的α-烯烃包含3～约8个碳原子。
4.权利要求3的共混物，其中每种组分中的α-烯烃是丙烯。
5.权利要求4的共混物，其中第一和第二乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分还包含多烯。
6.权利要求5的共混物，其中多烯是5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯。
7.权利要求3的共混物，其中第一组分中的α-烯烃是丙烯，而第二组分中的α-烯烃包含4～8个碳原子。
8.权利要求7的共混物，其中第一与第二乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分至少之一还包含多烯。
9.一种包含第一和第二乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分的乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物共混物，该共混物按如下程序制备：(i)乙烯、α-烯烃、活化的可限形状催化剂以及任选地，多烯，在聚合条件下、在第一反应器中进行接触，生成第一乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分，(ii)将第一乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分转移到第二反应器中并在该第一乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分存在下，(iii)新鲜乙烯、α-烯烃、活化的可限形状催化剂以及任选地，多烯，在聚合条件下进行接触，生成第二乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分，其中第一和第二反应器的聚合按照使第一乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分的乙烯含量与第二乙烯/α-烯烃聚合物组分的乙烯含量至少相差10wt％的方式进行。
10.权利要求9的共混物，其中在每个反应器中进行的聚合反应都是溶液相聚合。
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-
2001
- 2001-05-04 US US09/849,203 patent/US6455638B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-11 AU AU2001261535A patent/AU2001261535A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-11 CA CA002405258A patent/CA2405258C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-11 MX MXPA02011041A patent/MXPA02011041A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-05-11 CN CNB01809242XA patent/CN1297604C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-11 KR KR1020027015055A patent/KR100828221B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2001-05-11 EP EP01935437A patent/EP1280854B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-11 DE DE60140300T patent/DE60140300D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-11 WO PCT/US2001/015453 patent/WO2001085838A2/en active Application Filing
- 2001-05-11 JP JP2001582433A patent/JP2003532775A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20020093148A (ko) | 2002-12-13 |
| US20020016415A1 (en) | 2002-02-07 |
| KR100828221B1 (ko) | 2008-05-07 |
| DE60140300D1 (de) | 2009-12-10 |
| EP1280854A2 (en) | 2003-02-05 |
| EP1280854B1 (en) | 2009-10-28 |
| MXPA02011041A (es) | 2003-09-10 |
| US6455638B2 (en) | 2002-09-24 |
| WO2001085838A2 (en) | 2001-11-15 |
| JP2003532775A (ja) | 2003-11-05 |
| CA2405258A1 (en) | 2001-11-15 |
| CN1297604C (zh) | 2007-01-31 |
| AU2001261535A1 (en) | 2001-11-20 |
| CA2405258C (en) | 2009-12-22 |
| WO2001085838A3 (en) | 2002-04-11 |
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