CN1474032A - Continuous mining method of stepped sectional extruding and ore caving followed by filling - Google Patents
Continuous mining method of stepped sectional extruding and ore caving followed by filling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
In the continuous mining method, ore body are divided into sections, subsections and mini-sections stepwisely along the ore vein; arranging mini-section drilling mine tunnels along the ore vein in the ore body bottom wall and connecting the mini-section tunnels with the main ramp way via linking tunnel; arranging support and filling tunnel along ore vein in the upper wall in the ore section; stoping from two ends to the central part of the bordroom via stepped continuous advance; drilling fanned holes with rock drill machine, breaking ore with rock explosive, charging with charging machine and combined elementary error detonation; filling finished stope via filling tunnel and filling dewatering device; and supporting crushed upper wall roof with deep anchor rod and steel fiber concrete. The present invention has high production capacity, high safety, less ore loss and low mining cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mining methods of metalliferous deposit underground mining, be applicable to that mainly the relatively fragmentation of back production ore body, unstable rock, ore value not high (grade is low), the face of land do not allow the gently inclined medium thick orebody of subsideing.
Background technology
The exploitation ore body built on the sand, in values is lower, the face of land does not allow to subside the gentle dip during thick above metalliferous deposit, in order to obtain favorable economic benefit, the necessary employing mining methods that mining cost is lower, production capacity is big.To the exploitation of this class ore body, what adopt usually is upward ut and fill stoping back production and quick-fried power haulage sublevel open stoping afterwards filling mining method.The slicing and filling mining methods of thick above ore body in the exploitation generally are divided into ore body mineral building, ore pillar, and ore pillar comprises studding, foundation and fore-set.Elder generation's rooming, back mining post.
The characteristics of " upward ut and fill stoping " are: up back production layer by layer from bottom to top, whenever adopted a layering (perhaps two layerings), and use filler charge stratifying dead zone immediately, and then a layering in the back production; The effect of obturation is the upper and lower armor rock of supporting, and as the working platform of upper strata stoping operation.When adopting this method back production, stope top board large tracts of land exposes, the support cost height, and dilution, loss are big, and personnel, equipment are risen under the top board exposure that reaches 5-7m at sky and are worked, and production security is poor.
The work cycle of above-mentioned traditional slicing and filling mining codes comprises: driling explosion, ore removal, filling and Hu Ding, finish a work cycle after, change the back production of another layering over to.Therefore, the process for stoping of this mining methods is very complicated, safety condition is bad, work plane labor productivity is lower, operating cost is high, nugget production capacity also is very limited, and in order to finish output, the nugget number of back production simultaneously is many, the underground work line length, the organism of production complex management.
In order to safeguard the stability of upper and lower dish of ore body and stope top board, traditional slicing and filling mining codes need stay a large amount of ore pillars in the process of back production, these ore pillars because the Blasting Damage when crushing bad and mineral building back production with being subjected to, cause that the production efficiency that the later stage reclaims is lower, safety is poorer, cost is higher, the ore resource loss amount is bigger; In addition, connect the bad problem in top, thereby stay major hidden danger for the production safety in mine owing to all exist in the stowing operation.
Quick-fried power haulage sublevel open stoping afterwards filling mining method is divided stope along orebody trend, and ore pillar becomes permanent loss.Stoping method is to utilize the drilling drift of arranging along the ore body tendency at ore body lower wall base plate to beat vertical fan shaped medium length hole, and gradation pinpoint blasting is then used the scraper ore removal, sublevel fill stoping.This kind mining methods production capacity is medium, is in bigger exposed area for a long time but go up the dish zone of fracture, and operation is dangerous, and depletion loss rate is big.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome poor, the problems such as work plane labor productivity is lower, operating cost height of the existing safety condition of thick low-grade ore body slicing and filling mining codes in the gentle dip, provide a kind of production capacity of mining field big, the operational security height, the ore losses dilution is little, and the staged segmentation squeezing mine collapse that cost of winning is low is followed the filling continuous mining
The technical scheme of mining codes of the present invention is as follows:
1. ore body is divided into the stage casing, divides little stage casing in the stage casing, in the little stage casing segmentation is set, per 3 are segmented into a little stage casing;
2. across pitch is divided the ore deposit section, arranges the sublevel drilling gallery along the pulse at the ore body lower wall, and each slice drift links by connecting taxiway and main ramp, supporting in Duan Shangpan top board position, ore deposit is arranged an arteries and veins that is used for stope roof timbering and filling along the pulse, filling gallery;
3. to central drawing back, the stope staged advances mineral building continuously from two ends, goes up to fan shaped medium length hole with 70 ° of hammer drill Drillings, adopts the rock explosive ore caving, explosive loader powder charge, detonating fuse, nonel tube associating millisecond detonating;
4. casting resin by the filling gallery through over packing dehydrator filling mined area;
5. for last dish breaking roof, use the above long-acting super dark anchor pole of anchorage depth 3m or 3m, and drill rod dimension sprayed mortar carries out supporting to zone of fracture.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the present invention adopts the tailing-filled mined area of no gelling agent, divides three fillings in the little stage casing; Described stage casing height can be 80～90 meters, and the segmentation height can be 8～10 meters; Described ore deposit segment length can be 120m.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a stope structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 1.
Among the figure: the 1-stage is transported 2-segmentation tunnel, lane 3-layering connecting taxiway 4-drainage sump 5-ore pass
7-sublevel drilling ore removal tunnel, 6-filling ventilation Hu Ding tunnel 8-obturation 9-long anchor cable
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
1. ore body is divided into the stage casing, high 80～90m is divided into three little stage casings in the stage casing, the high 30m in stage casing, and across pitch is divided into three segmentations in each little stage casing, the high 10m of segmentation.
2. across pitch is divided the ore deposit section, and the ore deposit segment length can be 120m, and each segmentation is arranged rock drilling ore removal tunnel along the pulse on the border of ore body lower wall, and its cross dimensions can be 4m * 3m; Arrange ventilation, filling, Hu Ding tunnel at the segmentation top by dish position on the ore body, the effect of visiting web boundary line on the clear ore body can also be played in this tunnel.
3. with the FC fan shaped medium length hole ore deposit that falls, lead quick-fried millisecond detonator with row with the non-electricity of section with elementary errors and detonate the common rocks explosive blasting.The steadiness situation of looking rock in the exploitation is determined big gun hole row's number of each explosion.
Exploitation from the end in little stage casing to the other end or two ends to pushed.Per 3 subsections spatially form the successive steps formula and advance, and rock drilling, explosion is parallel carries out continuously, simultaneously or the segmentation ore removal.
4. use the classified tailings primary filling of no gelling agent.The ore deposit amount that falls of the present invention is big, many places ore removal, and production capacity is big, and loading time is concentrated, and the secondary depletion loss is relatively low.
5. before exploitation, can in filling ventilation Hu Ding tunnel, carry out the supporting of New-type long-acting anchor pole or anchor cable, guarantee the work plane job safety according to the firm situation of balkstone.In the production, adopt the YGZ-90 rig to carry out perforating, electric remote control scraper ore removal.
Shown in accompanying drawing 1～3: the stage that at first excavates is transported lane 1, up tunnel a drainage sump 4 and ore pass 5 respectively according to certain angle again, lower wall direction at ore body is tunneled segmentation tunnel 2 along orebody trend according to certain height, vertical orebody trend tunnels layering connecting taxiway 3 up to ore body lower wall border in segmentation tunnel 2, and is communicated with drainage sump 4, ore pass 5 respectively.In order to safeguard coil on the ore body stable,, and in filling ventilation Hu Ding tunnel 6, adopt long anchor cable 9 and sprayed mortar that breaking roof is carried out supporting along web circle pick filling ventilation Hu Ding tunnel 6 on the ore body.In every layering connecting taxiway along ore body lower wall border pick sublevel drilling tunnel 7, in sublevel drilling tunnel 7, adopting the medium-length hole rig up to beat the inclination angle is 70 fanhole(s), with explosive loader powder charge in fanhole(s), with tailings is the inferior scope of freedom, and ore body is carried out the explosion back production, and the ore under quick-fried is transported to ore pass 5 with scraper and stored, by drop shaft ore is put in the mine car then, transports the face of land by stage transportation lane 1 or other link.Filling is carried out with the tailing-filled body 8 of non-gluing in space after the back production, safeguards the stable of ore body and has finished the integrality in big gun hole.
In the deposit mining process, to adopt cut, fall ore deposit, ore removal, packing job and carry out in that different segmentations is parallel in phase respectively, stope advances continuously, drawing back.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. production capacity of mining field is big
Ore deposit segment length 120m, miding level height 80～90m is divided into 3 little stage casings with the stope across strike during back production, and each little stage casing is divided into 3 segmentations of hanging down about high 8～10m again.The rock drilling of each segmentation is parallel to be carried out, 3 same separate explosions of segmentation, can be in 3 segmentation tunnels ore removal simultaneously.There are 3 segmentations in each little stage casing, if from two side direction pushed, simultaneously work plane number can reach 6 on little stage casing, so avalanche ore deposit amount is very big, adds that the ore removal passage is many, the efficient height, so production capacity of mining field is big;
2. operational security height
Rock drilling is carried out in the tunnel, job safety.In exploitation process, according to the firm situation of stope top board, to top board built on the sand ore body can ventilate protect in last dish filling and grow bolt support or long anchor cable supporting in the gallery of top.Its stope exposed area can be regulated according to the steadiness of balkstone, reasonably determines exposed area and open-assembly time.On the ore removal mode, can select, determine to adopt electric LHD ore removal or remote-controlled scraper ore removal according to safety.Because stope is adopted by force by force, cycle time for working is short, 3 segmentation primary fillings, and top board open-assembly time weak point, so operational security is good.
3. the ore losses dilution is little
Orebody mining adopts in the stage casing ascending mining order from bottom to top, classified tailings with no gelling agent carries out the goaf processing do casting resin, problem is pressed on the ground that can solve the goaf effectively, do not stay top-bottom pillar, studding and some post, thereby avoided to design the ample resources loss that a large amount of ore pillars cause because of the stope underground pressure management.Adopt the segmentation ore caving in the exploitation, segmentation or little stage casing primary filling, and the natural repose angle that makes full use of casting resin is supported oneself casting resin, and requirement is provided with a large amount of quadratic losses and the dilution that loss that the sand block rib causes and sublevel fill stoping back production cause when significantly reducing no gelling agent filling.
4. technology novelty, technology advanced person
Traditional filling mining method adopts tailing cemented filling technology and technology more, the filling cost height, and complex process, these mining methods adopt high skew wall not have adhesive material classified tailings filling technique, have both reduced filling cost, have reduced the secondary dilution that produces because of tailings again.
Traditional mining methods are in order to reach reasonable explosion and crushing effect, often before explosion, to form bigger explosion space, perhaps one or more scope of freedoms, these mining methods utilize tailings to have bigger compression deflection characteristics, adopt no scope of freedom squeezing mine collapse new technology, made full use of blasting energy, both can reach good explosion and crushing effect, can keep the stability of high skew wall tailings again, reduce mining cost.
5. cost of winning is low
The present invention adopts the down-hole tailing-filled; not only solved the stacking problem of exploitation waste material; safety hazard and disaster that down-hole pressure activity in large area brings have also been prevented; and the distortion and the sinking that have stoped the face of land to be brought because of exploitation; realized the mine exploration without waster; can save a large amount of environmental costs and exploitation investment, have important social benefit and economic benefit.Adopt the classified tailings filling technique of no gelling agent in the exploitation, saved a large amount of filling expenses.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of staged segmentation squeezing mine collapse is followed the filling continuous mining, it is characterized in that:
1. ore body is divided into the stage casing, divides little stage casing in the stage casing, in the little stage casing segmentation is set, per 3 are segmented into a little stage casing;
2. across pitch is divided the ore deposit section, arranges the sublevel drilling gallery along the pulse at the ore body lower wall, and each slice drift links by connecting taxiway and main ramp, supporting in Duan Shangpan top board position, ore deposit is arranged an arteries and veins that is used for stope roof timbering and filling along the pulse, filling gallery;
3. to central drawing back, the stope staged advances mineral building continuously from two ends, goes up to fan shaped medium length hole with 70 ° of hammer drill Drillings, adopts the rock explosive ore caving, explosive loader powder charge, detonating fuse, nonel tube associating millisecond detonating;
4. casting resin by the filling gallery through over packing dehydrator filling mined area;
5. for last dish breaking roof, use the above long-acting super dark anchor pole of anchorage depth 3m or 3m, and drill rod dimension sprayed mortar carries out supporting to zone of fracture.
2, staged segmentation squeezing mine collapse according to claim 1 is followed the filling continuous mining, it is characterized in that: adopt the tailing-filled mined area of no gelling agent, divide three fillings in the little stage casing.
3, staged segmentation squeezing mine collapse according to claim 1 is followed the filling continuous mining, it is characterized in that: described stage casing height is 80～90m, and the segmentation height is 8～10m.
4, staged segmentation squeezing mine collapse according to claim 1 is followed the filling continuous mining, it is characterized in that: described ore deposit segment length is 120m.
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| CNB031247202A CN1260461C (en) | 2003-08-08 | 2003-08-08 | Continuous mining method of stepped sectional extruding and ore caving followed by filling |
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| CNB031247202A CN1260461C (en) | 2003-08-08 | 2003-08-08 | Continuous mining method of stepped sectional extruding and ore caving followed by filling |
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| CN1260461C CN1260461C (en) | 2006-06-21 |
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