CN1388797A - 获得用于构筑生物芯片微阵列的固相支持体的表面活化的方法 - Google Patents
获得用于构筑生物芯片微阵列的固相支持体的表面活化的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1388797A CN1388797A CN01802639.7A CN01802639A CN1388797A CN 1388797 A CN1388797 A CN 1388797A CN 01802639 A CN01802639 A CN 01802639A CN 1388797 A CN1388797 A CN 1388797A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种获得微阵列的方法,包括以下步骤:对存在于所说固相支持体表面上的烯基进行氧化以在所说固相支持体的表面上形成醛官能团,在设计用于探测、识别、量化和/或回收感兴趣的互补靶生物或化学分子的醛官能团捕获分子上通过共价键进行偶合;所说的共价键偶合产生的阵列,在每平方厘米固相支持体表面上包括至少4个不连续区域,所说的不连续表面区域中的每一个与特定捕获分子结合。
Description
发明领域
[0001]本发明涉及一种获得固相支持体表面活化的方法,该方法通过所说固相支持体表面的官能化使分子(捕获核苷酸序列、捕获抗体、受体等)结合以改善微阵列的构筑。
现有技术状况
[0002]微阵列是同时探测存在于样品,优选的是像核苷酸序列、配体、抗体等生物分子中的多种不同靶分子的强有力工具。对于DNA生物芯片,存在于阵列上的分子的结合性能主要取决于捕获核苷酸序列的数量、序列和长度以及它们编址(addressed)到支持体上的方式。DNA生物芯片技术运用固定在固相支持体上的DNA分子的微观阵列。生物芯片微阵列申请众多,并用于生物医学分析,例如基因表达分析、多态性或突变检测、分子诊断、DNA测序以及发现基因(Ramsay等人,Nature Biotechnology 16,p.40(1998))。
[0003]可以通过许多方法制备这样的DNA微阵列。使用组合化学原理(Pease等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 91,p.5022(1994)),可以在玻璃表面上原地合成DNA。此方法制造的DNA微阵列由10-25个碱基的低聚核苷酸基团组成,而例如在通过多聚酶链式反应(PCR)扩增之后,用机器人微沉积制备的微阵列可以为从小低聚核苷酸到0.5-2kb核苷酸序列的任何长度(Zammatteo等人,Anal.Biochem.253,p.180(1997))。机械微量点样使用被动(针头)或主动(墨喷嘴)设备将少量DNA输送到已知区域上。
[0004]对于DNA生物芯片,玻璃是流行的基质,主要是由于其荧光性低、透明性、成本低以及抗高温和多种化学试剂的能力(Cheung等人,Nature Genetics supplement 21,p.15(1999))。它也比多孔膜和凝胶基垫有许多实用的优点。正如液体不能渗入支持体表面,靶核苷酸序列直接进入相应的捕获核苷酸序列而不扩散入气孔中(Southern等人,Nature Genetics supplements 21,p.5(1999))。目前,实验室中使用载玻片是因为它们易于操纵并适合于自动读出器。
[0005]已经有人建议,(通过加入聚赖氨酸(Schena等人,科学270,p.467(1995))或通过疏水性涂层(Allemand等人,Biophys.J.73,p.2064(1997))改变玻璃表面性质以获得DNA核苷酸序列的直接结合。然而,在这些情况下,在高盐或高温条件下,DNA链容易从表面上脱离。因此,优选的是共价键法。通过紫外辐射在DNA酸顺序中胸苷残留物和附在官能化载玻片上带正电的胺基之间形成共价键,可以使DNA交联(Duggan等人,Nature Genetics supplements 21,p.10(1999))。然而,DNA分子附着点的位置和数目不好限定,所以对杂交有用的长度和序列随固定条件的改变而变化。另一种方法是通过其末端的一端固定DNA分子。因此,羧化DNA(Joos等人,Anal.Biochem.247,p.96(1997))或磷酸化DNA(Rasmussen等人,Anal.Biochem.198,p.138(1991))可以偶合到胺化支持体上以及倒易的位置上(Ghosh等人,Nucleic Acids Res.15,p.5353(1987))。其它方法基是将胺基末端低聚核苷酸结合到异硫氰酸酯活化的玻璃(Guo等人,Nucleic Acids Res.22,p.5456(1999)),醛活化玻璃(Schena等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 93,p.10614(1996))或用环氧化物改性的表面(Lamture等人,Nucleic AcidsRes.22,p.2121(1994))上。硫醇改性或二硫化物改性的低聚核苷酸也通过异双功能(heterobifunctional)交联剂嫁接到胺基硅烷上(Chrisey等人,Nucleic Acids Res.24,p.3031(1996))或3-巯丙基硅烷上(Rogers等人,Anal.Biochem.266,p.23(1999))。然而,在这些情况下,结合在高温下是不稳定的。最近,对于在可以附着DNA的玻璃上粘结分子的结构,已经有人提出更精细的化学过程(Beier等人,Nucleic Acids Res.27,p.1970(1999))。
[0006]通过共价键附着到表面上的粘结单链核苷酸序列的可接近性与长核苷酸序列专一性结合的情况会在DNA生物芯片领域中产生可观的进步。
[0007]最近,Zammatteo等人(Analytical Biochemi stry 280,p.143(2000))比较了几个目前惯用的、通过共价键将DNA嫁接到玻璃表面上的偶合策略。他们测试了在羧酸或胺改性玻璃支持体上的胺化、羧化和磷酸化DNA中的碳二亚胺间接偶合。这些方法可与胺化DNA与醛活化玻璃的结合相比。它们断定,从没有偶联剂条件下的偶合产率、反应速率方面来看,胺化DNA固定到醛改性表面产生最好的构筑DNA微阵列的偶合程序。除玻璃之外,由于显微流态技术和“芯片上实验室”概念的发展,使得聚合物越来越多地用于微阵列和生物测定的小型化。为了进行测定,必须将生物分子或配体分子固定到聚合物的表面上,从而聚合物活化的简单方法的要求将是有价值的。
发明目的
[0008]本发明目的在于提供一种获得固相支持体表面活化(官能化或改性)的新方法,该方法容易且迅速地进行以向适于通过共价键结合生物或化学分子并适于构筑改进的生物芯片或化学芯片微阵列的所说的固相支持体上引入官能团。
[0009]本发明的一个优选目的是通过所说的方法提供一种改进的芯片微阵列,该微阵列会增加在所说的允许它们识别和/或量化和/或回收的芯片微阵列上的靶分子的探测灵敏度(增加耦合产率,反应速率等)。
发明概述
[0010]本发明涉及一种固相支持体表面活化(改性或官能化)的方法,该方法氧化存在于所说表面上的化学基团,以在所说固相支持体的表面上形成醛官能团,所说的醛官能团适于与生物或化学分子共价偶合(结合或键合)。
[0011]本发明的固相支持体是适用于微阵列,特别是“生物芯片”或“化学芯片”的固相支持体,包括在特定位置捕获分子(例如捕获核苷酸序列、捕获抗原或抗体、捕获配体或受体等),捕获分子特异于从样品中检测、确定数量和/或回收的互补分子(靶核苷酸序列、靶抗体或抗原结构、靶受体或配体等)。
[0012]微阵列也适用于基于相同检测、定量和/或回收特定化学分子的原理,例如通过组合化学过程获得的分子,制备化学芯片。
[0013]因此,本发明涉及一种获得微阵列的方法,包括以下步骤:
对存在于所说固相支持体表面上的化学基团进行氧化以在所说固相支持体的表面上形成醛官能团,和
在设计用于探测、识别、量化和/或回收感兴趣的互补靶生物或化学分子的醛官能团捕获分子上通过共价键进行偶合;所说的共价键产生(被制造以获得)的阵列,在每平方厘米固相支持体表面上包括至少4、10、16、20或更多不连续区域,所说的不连续表面区域中的每一个与特定捕获分子结合(连接)。
[0014]不连续区域(或斑点)的位置的直径优选的是10到500μm之间,它们间隔的距离为相似的数量级,所以在1平方厘米的表面上,固相支持体阵列包括10到250000个不连续的区域或斑点,但优选的是在1平方厘米的表面上有10到1000个斑点。
[0015]然而,也能够制备小于1微米或更小的不连续的区域或斑点,其上固定特定的“捕获分子”。
[0016]优选地,在本发明的方法中,可以使用预先氧化的玻璃固相支持体,先将烯烃硅烷嫁接到玻璃固相支持体上的羟基官能团上。
[0017]根据本发明的其它实施方案,固相支持体是(优选的是透明的)像含烯烃基团的聚碳酸酯、聚乙烯或PPMA聚合物这样的塑料聚合物,或一种固相支持体,在该固相支持体上通过化学(嫁接)反应或物理沉积一层带有烯烃分子的枝状化合物引入烯烃基,例如通过加入氯硅烷衍生物引入。
[0018]优选地,在缓冲水溶液中,在低浓度高锰酸盐和高碘酸盐存在下,形成醛官能团的固相支持体表面氧化步骤得以实现。
[0019]然而,通过所属技术领域人员选择的、形成相似醛氧化产物的其它温和的氧化剂也可以用于本发明的方法中。通过XPS技术或如实施例10中所描述的Tollens试验,在固相支持体上鉴别醛官能团。
[0020]根据本发明,在样品(生物样品)中,例如从血、尿、血管、唾液、脓、血清、组织、发酵溶液或培养基中,可能存在靶分子。在本发明的微阵列上探测和/或量化靶化合物之前,优选的是通过已知的方法,通过所属技术领域人员分离、裂解、提纯和/或扩增(如果需要的话)所说的靶化合物。
[0021]因此,存在于微阵列上的所说的捕获分子对所说的互补(complementary)靶分子是特异的,优选的是偶合对的部分,例如核苷酸序列互补链,抗体或,受体/配体,抗体/抗原结构或半抗原的活性变异度高部分,生物素/链霉抗生物素蛋白分子,能与其它化学或生化分子结合的或适用于识别、表示特性、筛分和回收生物或化学分子库,用于生物医学分析,例如基因表达分析、多态性或突变检测、分子诊断、DNA测序和基因表示特性的任何双重对结合体系。
[0022]本发明也涉及根据本发明方法获得的微阵列固相支持体,根据所属技术领域人员众所周知的方法,优选的是根据国际专利申请PCT/BE00/00054中所描述的方法将它们用于探测、量化和/或回收有利害关系的靶生物或化学分子的用途。
[0023]参考附图,在下面非限制的实施例中,将详细描述本发明。
附图简述
[0024]图1概要介绍了玻璃表面的官能化反应。
[0025]图2表示功能玻璃固定胺化DNA核苷酸序列的能力。
[0026]图3是在已经与A蛋白反应的功能玻璃上点样后,所捕获抗体的固定产率。
发明详述
[0027]对生物芯片的约束之一是或者通过比色法或者荧光法检测所说的生物芯片上的生物分子。通过使用有机溶剂容易改变塑料聚合物的物理性能,像透明性或荧光性。用于光盘支持体(CDs)中的聚碳酸酯塑料也存在此缺陷,即通过有机溶剂轻易地改变。
[0028]根据本发明,在可以有益地用于大多数塑料聚合物中,而不破坏聚合物的化学甚至是物理性能的缓冲水溶液中,在低浓度高锰酸盐和高碘酸盐的存在下,存在于所说的固相支持体表面上的烯烃基团会氧化成醛。
[0029]其它透明的聚合物,像PMMA或聚乙烯也很适合用作本发明方法的官能化。
[0030]如果支持体材料含烯烃基团,或通过化学反应或者物理沉积这样带有烯烃基团的分子在支持体表面上而将这些烯烃基团先引入到支持体表面上,那么本发明容易适用于大多数的支持体材料。
[0031]在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,通过使用氯硅烷衍生物,先使烯烃基团附着,然后将这些烯烃基团氧化成醛而以玻璃作为生物芯片微阵列结构的支持体(参看图1)。优选地,烯烃基团距固相支持体至少为2个原子的距离。实施例4表明,存在于4或6个碳原子链的极端处的烯烃基团比距玻璃上的羟基仅一个碳原子距离的烯烃基团产生好得多的杂交产率。
[0032]在本发明的另一个实施方案中,通过相同方法氧化丙烯酸-聚丙烯酸树脂。当存在于另一个支持体上,像CDs聚碳酸酯上时,这些丙烯酸-聚丙烯酸树脂已经被成功氧化。未使用有机溶剂的事实使得本方法很适于像聚碳酸酯这样的支持体。由于距表面的隔离非常有益于提高DNA杂交产率,所以本发明很适于存在于长或枝状分子上的烯烃基团的氧化(也参见实施例4)。
[0033]也可以用氧化法,例如臭氧分解将烯烃基团轻度氧化成醛。然而,得到的结果从数量说变小了。减少了约20%。将这样的方法转用到工业生产中,用臭氧分解法与用高锰酸盐/高碘酸盐相比较实施起来相当复杂。主要的原因是这样的事实:氧化毫无疑问要在有机溶剂中进行,与用高锰酸盐/高碘酸盐氧化相比,用臭氧分解处理要进行很好的低温控制。在本发明的优选实施方案中,带有醛的表面可以用于沉积DNA胺化的捕获核苷酸序列。氨基与醛的反应是快速反应,这使得本发明很适合用于通过使用少量溶液在室温下进行并蒸发的微阵列结构。斑点间距0.05到0.5毫米的微阵列结构以微滴的形式使用,或以0.1到5纳升的针沉积微滴的形式使用。在另一个实施方案中,用硼氢化钠或其它的还原剂培养来减少结合形成的亚胺以稳定结合并钝化过多游离醛。
[0034]在本发明的另一个实施方案中,束缚在醛表面上的分子是结合对(binding pair)的第一部件。第二部件是在生物或化学样品中检测或识别或定量的分子。
[0035]优选地,第一个部件是抗原(半抗原)或抗体、配体或受体、生物素或链霉抗生物素蛋白,但也可以是通过互补或其它结合分子识别的肽、蛋白质或DNA。例如,附着于支持体上的DNA特定序列可用于检测DNA结合蛋白质。一个具体应用是探测转录因子。
[0036]本发明尤其适用于在相同表面上构造大量结合分子及其自动化。因此,在这样的支持体上容易构造化学、肽、配体、抗原的库,该支持体通过机器人简化分子沉积。然后,固相支持体容易用作或者在生物学上(像克隆、质粒bank或噬菌体展示分子)或者在化学上建造起来的分子筛库。由于在分子组合或并行合成方面的发展,现在容易构造化学库。
实施例
材料
[0037]Merck(Darmstadt,德国)生产的乙醇、马来酸、NaCl和SDS(十二烷基硫酸钠)。Sigma(St Louis,MO,美国)生产的NaBH4、Tween20、链霉抗生物素蛋白-cy3和链霉抗生物素蛋白-金。Dupont de Nemours(Boston,MA,美国)生产的[α-32P]三磷酸脱氧胞苷(dCTP)。Eurogentec(Seraing,比利时)生产的低聚核苷酸。MJ Reasearch INC(Watertown,Ma,美国)生产的65微升杂交室。Gibco BRL(Paisley,英国))生产的低聚脱氧核苷酸序列、逆转录酶Superscrip II和核糖核酸酶H。Promega(Madisson,美国)生产的RNA酶抑制剂核糖核酸酶抑制剂。Cell Associates(Houston,TX,美国)生产的甲硅烷基(醛)载玻片。
[0038]使用Genetix(英国)250微米针头的WOW(Naninne,比利时)的阵列器和比色微阵列读出器。Beckman Instruments(Fullerton,CA,美国)生产的液体闪烁分析器LS 60001C;Lumac LSC(Groningen,荷兰)生产的Aqualuma。Boerhinger(Mannheim,德国)生产的高纯PCR产品提纯工具箱、dNTP、uracil-DNA-糖基化酶和生物素-16 dUTP。AAT(Namur,比利时)生产的杂交溶液和银蓝显色溶液。Biotools(西班牙)的Taq DNA聚合酶。Perkin Elmer(Foster City,CA,美国)生产的9600 thermocycler。微阵列荧光读出器是Genetic Microsystem(Woburn,MA,美国)生产的阵列扫描仪GSM 418。ABCR(德国,karlsruhe)生产的烯丙基三氯硅烷、5-己烯基三氯硅烷和7-辛烯基三氯硅烷。Aldrich chemical(Milwouka,Wi,美国)生产的高锰酸钾、高碘酸钠和甲苯。从Knittelglaser(德国)购买的未处理的载玻片。
实施例1:玻璃活化
[0039]先用烯硅烷偶联剂嫁接带有硅烷醇官能团的玻璃以用烯族基团覆盖此表面。将载玻片浸入10-3的7-辛烯基三氯硅烷的无水甲苯溶液中1小时。然后,在剧烈搅拌下,通过浸渍在新鲜的甲苯中清理样品以去掉过多物理吸附的分子,然后在120摄氏度的烘箱中干燥10分钟。
实施例2:烯烃氧化
[0040]通过下面的方法氧化存在于玻璃或聚合物上的烯烃官能团。在轻微搅拌下,将载玻片浸入pH值为7.5,含20毫摩尔NaIO4和0.5纳摩尔KMnO4的0.1M磷酸盐缓冲溶液中1小时,用水洗涤两次,在氮气流下干燥并在真空下储存。将这样活化的载玻片称为diaglass载玻片。
实施例3:Diaglass载玻片胺化DNA核苷酸序列的固定容量
[0041]以巨细胞病毒DNA顺序作为捕获核苷酸序列产品的模板。使用引物(primers)和其它处所描述的方法(Zammatteo等人,Anal.Biochem.253,pp.180-189(1997)),通过PCR合成捕获核苷酸序列。MIE4引物在其5’末端带有胺基,扩增子的长度是257bp。
[0042]在PCR扩增的过程中,通过结合[α-32P]dCTP进行放射性标记。在高纯PCR产品提纯试剂盒上,通过色谱法将扩增的DNA与非引入的核苷酸和引物分离。通过DNA在260纳米处的吸光率测量其浓度。用琼脂糖凝胶电泳检查片段的纯度。
[0043]在pH为5,0.01%SDS的SSC3X缓冲剂或者pH为5的SSC3X缓冲剂中,将胺化捕获核苷酸序列稀释至300纳摩尔和150纳摩尔的浓度。用阵列器将核苷酸序列分配在活化的载玻片上。或者如实施例2所描述的方法得到此玻璃或者从Telechem(Cell Associates,Houston,TX,美国)购买此玻璃。每个阵列由100个斑点(10×10)组成。斑点的直径为400微米,相邻两个斑点之间的距离为500微米。在23摄氏度下培育1小时后,用0.1%SDS洗涤玻璃样品一次,用水洗涤两次,然后用硼氢化钠溶液培养5分钟,用水洗一次,最后3分钟用沸水洗涤以在表面上得到单链核苷酸序列。
[0044]对照阵列(Controls arrays)(100%固定)不包括此洗涤步骤。切割含阵列的玻璃样品,并通过用液体闪烁计数器计量与玻璃支持体结合的32P-DNA的数量而确定结合的数量。
[0045]根据100%固定对照,计算每个阵列中结合DNA的数量(以摩尔计)。斑点直径是0.4毫米,计算每平方厘米固定的DNA核苷酸序列的数量;当分别用捕获核苷酸序列为150或300纳摩尔的溶液进行点样时,得到220和230fmole/cm2的值。相比而言,Telechem载玻片的值是20和30。
实施例4:ω-烯烃硅烷偶联剂的链长对DNA附着产率的影响
[0046]官能化的第一步是在具有不同链长的三ω-烯烃硅烷偶联剂的载玻片上进行嫁接。这些是烯丙基三氯硅烷(C3)、5-己烯基三氯硅烷(C6)和7-辛烯基三氯硅烷(C8)。
[0047]将它们固定到玻璃硅烷醇(silanal)基上以及将它们氧化成醛的实验程序如实施例1和2中所述。
[0048]合成捕获核苷酸序列并将其固定到载玻片上的方法如实施例3中所述。唯一的区别是,捕获核苷酸序列是多生物素化的并未进行放射性标记,且以200nM点样。
[0049]用800微升链霉抗生物素蛋白-cy5共轭物,在室温下培养载玻片45分钟。培育后,用缓冲剂1洗涤载玻片5次,共1分钟,然后用水漂洗两次。用阵列扫描仪GSM 418进行探测。然后,用自制的量化软件确定每个斑点的数量。C3荧光值的结果是2,C6的是234,C8ω-烯烃硅烷偶联剂的是242。
实施例5:探测固定在载玻片上的长捕获核苷酸序列上的靶核苷
酸扩增子
[0050]合成捕获核苷酸序列并将其固定到载玻片上的方法是在实施例3中所述的。用200纳摩尔溶液点样(spotted)捕获核苷酸序列。
[0051]以巨细胞病毒DNA顺序作为靶DNA产品的模板。用引物和其它处描述的方法(Zammatteo等人,(1997).Anal.Biochem.253,180-189),通过PCR合成靶。靶的长度是437 pb。在PCR扩增的过程中,通过以1∶1的比例引入生物素-16-dUTP与dTTP而进行标记。通过DNA在260纳米处的吸光率测量其浓度。用琼脂糖凝胶电泳检查片段的纯度。
[0052]杂交溶液由以下材料组成:pH为7的2×SSC,4%SDS,100微克/毫升鲑精DNA和10纳摩尔437pb生物素化的靶CMV,最终容积是70微升。通过杂交室将此溶液加入阵列结构上,然后用盖玻片密封杂交室。然后将载玻片放在98摄氏度的加热器上5分钟以使靶扩增子变性。在50摄氏度下进行杂交2小时。然后洗涤载玻片4次,并按实施例4中的方法测量荧光。在Diaglass载玻片上进行的杂交的结果是217,Telechem的是46。
实施例6:用于探测cDNA靶的捕获核苷酸序列浓度对固定在载玻
片上的长捕获核苷酸序列的影响
[0053]使用下列程序,用从原始培养的肝细中提取2ug mRNA进行逆转录。
[0054]在无菌、无核酸酶的微试管中,将1ug低聚dT核苷酸序列加入到从鼠的肝脏中提取的mRNA中。加入无核酸酶水以使最终容积为10微升。在70摄氏度下使混合物变性10分钟,然后在冰上冷冻5分钟。通过向退火的核苷酸序列/模板中加入下列组分而进行逆转录:4微升用逆transtriptase提供的First Strand Buffer(250毫摩尔三-HCl,pH 8.3,375毫摩尔KCl,15毫摩尔MgCl2),2ul DTT,0,1摩尔,40个单位Rnasin核糖核酸酶抑制剂,500微摩尔dATP,500微摩尔dCTP,500微摩尔dGTP,130微摩尔dTTP,70微摩尔生物素dUTP。通过轻弹试管而轻轻地混合反应混合物并在42摄氏度下培养混合物2分钟。向混合物中加入300个单位的逆transtriptaseSuperscript II,并在42摄氏度下培养试管一小时。在70摄氏度下加热15分钟后停止反应。用Rnase H在37摄氏度下进行处理20分钟以去掉互补cDNA的RNA。
[0055]合成捕获核苷酸序列并将其固定到载玻片上的方法如实施例3中所述。胺化捕获核苷酸序列为400个碱基长,并对CytochromeP450 3a1基因是特异的。
[0056]以实施例5中所描述的杂交方法,以总逆转录产物作为靶子和用2纳摩尔生物素化的CMV扩增子为正对照。阵列上包含相当于正对照的捕获核苷酸序列。在60摄氏度下进行杂交16小时。结果在荧光扫描中得到并示于图2中。获得最大杂交作用所使用的捕获核苷酸序列浓度,Diaglass的比Telechem的低6倍。
实施例7:探测固定在载玻片固定核苷酸序列上的短捕获核苷酸序
列上的靶核苷酸扩增子
[0057]捕获固定在载玻片上的核苷酸序列的方法是实施例3中所描述的。在3000纳摩尔的浓度下点样胺化捕获核苷酸序列。
[0058]靶DNA是用下列简并引物,通过PCR得到的金黄葡萄球菌的femA基因序列的片段:
Apcons3-1:5’TAAYAAARTCACCAACATAYTC 3’
Apcons3-2:5’TYMGNTCATTTATGGAAGATAC 3’
其中,Y是C或T,R是A或G,M是A或C,N是A、G、C或T)
[0059]在最终容积为50微升的溶液中进行PCR,该溶液包括:2.5毫摩尔MgCl2、75毫摩尔Tris-HCl、pH9.0、50毫摩尔KCl、20毫摩尔(NH4)2SO4、0.5微摩尔、0.1微摩尔引物、200微摩尔dATP、200微摩尔dCTP、200微摩尔dGTP、150微摩尔dTTP、50微摩尔生物素-16-dUTP、0.5U尿嘧啶-DNA-糖基化酶、1.25U Taq DNA聚合酶、5纳克含femA基因的原核质体。首先在94摄氏度下使反应变性5分钟,使用下列温度和循环次数在DNA 9600温度循环器中循环40次:94摄氏度30秒、49摄氏度45秒、72摄氏度30秒。在72摄氏度下进行最终延伸步骤10分钟。直接使用或冷冻PCR产品。以水对照作为扩增的负对照。
[0060]实施例5中描述了杂交方法。用800微升用在缓冲剂2中稀释1000X的胶体金标记的链霉抗生物素蛋白,在室温下培养载玻片45分钟。培养后,用缓冲剂1洗涤载玻片5次,1分钟,然后用水漂洗一次。用银蓝色显色溶液(AAT,Namur,比利时)使金催化银沉淀。用800微升显色混合物培养载玻片3次,10分钟,然后用水漂洗,干燥并用微阵列读出器分析。然后,用自制的量化软件确定每个斑点的量。diaglass载玻片杂交值的结果是181,Telechem的是111。
实施例8:探测固定在载玻片上的互补捕获核苷酸序列上的短靶核
苷酸
[0061]合成捕获核苷酸序列并将其固定到载玻片上的方法如在实施例3中所述。以1600纳摩尔的浓度点样27个碱基的胺化捕获核苷酸序列。
[0062]实施例5中描述了杂交方法。在50摄氏度下,用30分钟将30纳摩尔27个碱基的生物素化靶DNA杂交到阵列上,并按照实施例7进行探测。diaglass载玻片杂交值的结果是238,Telechem的是61。
实施例9:探测固定在载玻片上的抗体
[0063]通过促进抗体/抗原识别抗原的Fc片段使存在的A蛋白固定抗体。在A蛋白的自由胺和载玻片的醛官能团之间出现共价固定。
[0064]涂覆溶液由100微克/毫升PBS中的A蛋白和0.01%SDS(用于Diaglass载玻片而不用于Telechem载玻片)组成。在室温下,在此混合物(15毫升/载玻片)中培养载玻片1小时,然后用PBS/0.02%Tween20洗涤3次2分钟,用水漂洗两次2分钟。经过此处理之后,在室温下,在PBS/10%奶粉中用2小时使载玻片饱和。最后,用PBS洗涤载玻片5次1分钟,并用水漂洗。
[0065]用阵列器将抗体印刷到载玻片上。增加溶液中抗链霉抗生素蛋白抗体的浓度从1.5微克/毫升增加到1毫克/毫升,该溶液由pH为5的3×SSC(钠盐水柠檬酸盐)和0.01%SDS(用于Diaglass载玻片而不用于Telechem载玻片)组成,点样。用1×PBS/0.02%Tween 20洗涤两次1分钟和用水漂洗3次1分钟之前,在室温下,培养点样的载玻片1小时。用Cy5-链霉抗生物素蛋白,按实施例4中的方法一样进行探测。用0.4毫克/毫升抗体溶液的最大化固定而得到饱和曲线(图3)。
实施例10:改性玻璃表面的表征
用X射线光电子光谱学(XPS)和啮合角测量表征玻璃表面功能化的不同步骤。Diaglass和Telechem载玻片的C 1s线可以分解成两个分量,一个位于285.0eV,相当于脂肪族环境(CHx)中的碳,另外一个位于288.7eV,是醛官能团中羰基的特征。而且,Diaglass载玻片肯定会对Tollens试验有反应(脂族醛的特性试验),产生银镜。另一方面,在此试验中,载玻片本身或带羧酸或乙醇官能团的载玻片不产生肯定性的结果。
[0066]制备Tollen’s试剂如下:将3g硝酸银溶解在30ml水中(溶液A),3g氢氧化钠溶解在30ml水中(溶液B)。当需要试剂时,在清洁的试管中混合2ml两种溶液,并逐滴加入稀释的氨溶液直至正好溶解氧化银。
[0067]Tollens试验:将一小片Diaglass载玻片浸入装有2mltollen’s试剂的试管中,然后在60摄氏度的水浴中将试管加热几分钟。Diaglass表面上将出现银镜。
[0068]表面上醛的多少影响结合在芯片上捕获探针的产率。这已经在实施例3中阐明。固定在点样条件下的捕获DNA探针的此产率是表征玻璃中醛含量的好方法,因为最终结果准确评估了这些玻璃的预期用途。在本研究条件中,用150纳摩尔捕获探针溶液点样,目前得到67%固定的产率,而对于Telechem载玻片为10%。
Claims (10)
1.获得微阵列的方法,包括以下步骤:
对存在于所说固相支持体表面上的烯烃基团进行氧化以在所说固相支持体的表面上形成醛官能团,和
在设计用于探测、识别、量化和/或回收感兴趣的互补靶生物或化学分子的醛官能团捕获分子上通过共价键进行偶合;所说的共价结合产生的阵列,在每平方厘米固相支持体表面上包括至少4不连续区域,所说的不连续表面区域中的每一个与特定捕获分子结合。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中所说的氧化是在水溶液中进行的,优选的是在高锰酸盐和/或高碘酸盐水溶液中进行的。
3.根据权利要求1的方法,特征在于先通过向固相支持体表面上加入烯烃基团而改性固相支持体表面。
4.根据权利要求1的方法,特征在于固相支持体是玻璃固相支持体。
5.根据权利要求4的方法,特征在于通过加入烯烃硅烷而改性玻璃固相支持体的表面。
6.根据权利要求1的方法,特征在于捕获分子是生物捕获分子。
7.根据权利要求6的方法,特性在于生物捕获分子选自结合对的第一部件,其选自其抗体或变异度高的部分/抗原或半抗原,核苷酸序列互补链或受体/配体。
8.根据权利要求6的方法,其中捕获分子是化学的分子,它能特异地结合通过组合化学过程获得的靶化学分子。
9.至少一个表面带烯基的微阵列,氧化后烯基能形成适于结合捕获分子的醛官能团,该醛官能团被设计用于结合检测、识别、量化和/或回收感兴趣的互补靶生物或化学分子;所述共价结合产生阵列,每平方厘米固体支持体表面上至少包括4个不连续区域,每一个所述不连续区域与特定种类捕获分子结合。
10.根据在前权利要求1-8中任何一个的方法得到的权利要求9的微阵列。
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- 2001-04-06 CN CN01802639.7A patent/CN1388797A/zh active Pending
- 2001-04-06 AT AT01923415T patent/ATE276980T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-04-06 CA CA002389579A patent/CA2389579A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-04-06 EP EP01923415A patent/EP1313677B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-06 WO PCT/BE2001/000059 patent/WO2002018288A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-04-06 AU AU2001250187A patent/AU2001250187A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-04-06 JP JP2002523412A patent/JP2004506922A/ja active Pending
- 2001-04-10 US US09/833,030 patent/US7049064B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
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CN102292635A (zh) * | 2008-09-22 | 2011-12-21 | 霍夫曼-拉罗奇有限公司 | 微阵列底物上的生物材料的选择性处理 |
CN104328109A (zh) * | 2008-09-22 | 2015-02-04 | 霍夫曼-拉罗奇有限公司 | 微阵列底物上的生物材料的选择性处理 |
CN102292635B (zh) * | 2008-09-22 | 2015-04-01 | 霍夫曼-拉罗奇有限公司 | 微阵列底物上的生物材料的选择性处理 |
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DE60105828T2 (de) | 2005-11-10 |
JP2004506922A (ja) | 2004-03-04 |
US7049064B2 (en) | 2006-05-23 |
EP1184349A1 (en) | 2002-03-06 |
ATE276980T1 (de) | 2004-10-15 |
CA2389579A1 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
US20020076709A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
EP1313677B1 (en) | 2004-09-22 |
DE60105828D1 (de) | 2004-10-28 |
EP1313677A1 (en) | 2003-05-28 |
WO2002018288A1 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
AU2001250187A1 (en) | 2002-03-13 |
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