CN1380828A - 弹性烯属嵌段共聚物在化妆品中的应用以及含有它们的组合物 - Google Patents
弹性烯属嵌段共聚物在化妆品中的应用以及含有它们的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1380828A CN1380828A CN01801371A CN01801371A CN1380828A CN 1380828 A CN1380828 A CN 1380828A CN 01801371 A CN01801371 A CN 01801371A CN 01801371 A CN01801371 A CN 01801371A CN 1380828 A CN1380828 A CN 1380828A
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- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/06—Preparations for styling the hair, e.g. by temporary shaping or colouring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/90—Block copolymers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q3/00—Manicure or pedicure preparations
- A61Q3/02—Nail coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F293/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
- C08F293/005—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule using free radical "living" or "controlled" polymerisation, e.g. using a complexing agent
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及弹性烯属嵌段共聚物在化妆品中的应用,所述共聚物包括至少一个玻璃化转变温度(Tg)大于或等于20℃的刚性嵌段和至少一个玻璃化转变温度小于20℃的柔性嵌段,所述共聚物使制备瞬间恢复为5%-100%的膜成为可能。本发明还涉及含有这些弹性烯属嵌段共聚物的化妆品组合物。
Description
本发明涉及弹性烯属嵌段共聚物在化妆品中的应用以及含有这些共聚物的化妆品组合物。
某些嵌段共聚物是热塑性弹性体,这一点是公知的,也就是说,这些聚合物结合了硫化橡胶的弹性和热塑性或热熔融性(热塑性弹性体(Thermoplastic Elastomers):Comprehensive Review,Legge N.R.,Holden G.,Hense Munich出版,1987)。
这种聚合物的弹性来自提供弹性性能的至少一个“柔性嵌段”和通过自缔合作用提供大分子链的可逆物理交联作用的至少一个“刚性”嵌段组合而成。
专利申请WO98/38981公开了基于烃的溶胶,包括热塑性弹性体,特别是Shell Chemical Company出售的商品名为Kraton的苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯、苯乙烯/异戊二烯/苯乙烯和苯乙烯/乙烯/丁烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物。在这些基于烃的介质中,共聚物作为增稠剂和胶凝剂,含量不能高。
这些聚合物另一个缺点是不溶于化妆品所用的大多数溶剂例如醇、醚、酯和/或水。此外,这些嵌段共聚物的合成是通过阴离子聚合实现的,该方法难以实施。
最近开发了新的自由基聚合技术,例如控制聚合(“New Method ofPolymer Synthesis”,Blackie Academic & Professional,London,1995,第2卷,第1页,或Trends Polym.Sci.4,第183页(1996),C.J.Hawker),特别是原子转移自由基聚合(JACS,117第5614页,(1995),Matyjasezwski等著)。目前,这些技术有可能实现非常多的嵌段共聚物的自由基聚合,使它们在比阴离子聚合或阳离子聚合物更易于工业化的操作条件下“排序”,因此可以根据聚合物的用途调整其物理化学性能。
通过将这些新型嵌段共聚物引入化妆品组合物中,申请人发现,下文中将更加详细描述的这些弹性嵌段共聚物具有非常优异的美容性能。通常,它们制成不粘连的体系。当用在发胶中时,它们既提高了发胶(hair lacquer)的定型性又提高了柔度。它们提高了指甲油的冲击强度,提高了许多种化妆品组合物的停留力而不引起使用者任何不舒服。
因此,本发明的目的之一是提供弹性烯属嵌段共聚物的化妆品应用,所述共聚物包括
(a)至少一个玻璃化转变温度(Tg)大于或等于20℃的刚性嵌段,由衍生自一种或多种烯属单体的单元组成,和
(b)至少一个玻璃化转变温度(Tg)小于20℃的柔性嵌段,由衍生自一种或多种烯属单体的单元组成,
所述共聚物使制备瞬间恢复为5%-100%的膜成为可能,并且该膜不包括具有全部由乙烯、丙烯、丁烯、丁二烯和/或异戊二烯单元组成的柔性嵌段的嵌段共聚物。
本发明的目的还在于提供含有这些弹性烯属嵌段共聚物的化妆品组合物。
本发明的另一个目的是弹性烯属嵌段共聚物在提高发胶的柔度和定型力、提高指甲油的冲击强度或提高化妆品组合物的停留力方面的应用,所述共聚物包括至少一个玻璃化转变温度(Tg)大于或等于20℃的刚性嵌段和至少一个玻璃化转变温度(Tg)小于20℃的柔性嵌段。
在阅读了说明书和下面的权利要求的基础上,其它目的将变得显而易见。
本发明中使用的术语“单体衍生的单元”表示通过聚合所述单体得到的聚合物的组成单元。
根据本发明,用于化妆品的烯属嵌段共聚物是含有至少两个玻璃化转变温度不同的单体嵌段的共聚物,一个的玻璃化转变温度大于或等于室温(20℃),另一个的玻璃化转变温度小于室温。第一类嵌段通常称作“刚性”嵌段,这是由于室温下这部分聚合物为玻璃态,而第二类嵌段由于室温下为塑性态被称作“柔性”嵌段。
如上所述,这些弹性烯属嵌段共聚物优选通过上述受控自由基聚合得到,其中特别是“New Method of Polymer Synthesis”,BlackieAcademic & Professional,London,1995,第2卷,第1页,或TrendsPolym.Sci.4,第183页(1996),C.J.Hawker。
受控自由基聚合能够减少生长的自由基的失活反应,特别是在终止步骤,在常规自由基聚合中终止步骤是以不可逆和失控方式干扰聚合物链生长的反应。
为了降低终止反应的可能性,有人提议通过以低离解能的键的形式形成“潜在”的活性种以暂时地可逆地将生长的自由基进行嵌段。
因此,聚合可以根据原子转移技术或与硝基氧化物反应或另外的根据“可逆的加成-破裂链转移”(”reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer”)技术实现。
原子转移自由基聚合技术,也被缩写为ATRP,在于以C-卤化物型键的形式嵌段生长的自由基种(在金属/配体配合物存在下)。这种聚合反映在控制形成的聚合物的质量和低的多分散指数上。
通常,原子转移自由基聚合是在下述前提下通过聚合一种或多种可自由基聚合单体实现的:
—存在一个具有至少一个可转移卤原子的前体,
—存在一个含有能够参与与前体和“潜在”的聚合物链发生的还原步骤的过渡金属的化合物,和
—存在一个配体,可以选自含有氮(N)、氧(O)、磷(P)、或硫(S)原子的化合物,能够通过σ键与所述含有过渡金属的化合物配合,所述含有过渡金属的化合物和形成的聚合物之间不用形成直接键。
卤原子优选为氯或溴原子。
该方法特别地公开在专利申请WO97/18247和Matyjasezwski等发表在JACS,117第5614页(1995)中的文献。
通过与硝基氧化物反应的自由基聚合技术在于以C-ONR1R2型键的形式嵌段生长的自由基种,其中R1和R2可以彼此独立地为含有2-30个碳原子的烷基或者与氮原子一起形成含有4-20个碳原子的环,例如2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶环。该聚合技术尤其是公开在文献“通过使用硝酰官能化的封端剂的阴离子聚合合成硝酰官能化的聚丁二烯”(”Synethesis of nitroxy-functionalized polybutadiene byanionic polymerization using a nitroxy-functionalizedterminator”),出版在Macromolecules 1997,第30卷,第4238-4242页和“通过活性自由基聚合的大分子工程”(“Macromolecularengineering via living free radical polymerizations”),出版在Macromol.Chem.Phys.1998,第199卷,第923-935页,或专利申请WO-A-99/03894。
RAFT(可逆加成一破裂链转移)聚合技术在于以C-S型键的形式嵌段生长的自由基种。二硫代化合物例如硫代苯甲酸盐、二硫代氨基甲酸酯或黄原胶二硫化物被用于此目的。该技术特别地公开在专利申请WO-A-98/58974和文献“A more versatile route to blockcopolymers and other polymers of complex architecture by livingradical polymerization:the RAFT process”,出版在Macromolecules,1999,第32卷,第2071-2074页。
单体、前体、含有过渡金属的化合物和配体的性能将由本领域技术人员根据所需结果的普通技术来选择。
本发明中使用的共聚物的刚性嵌段和柔性嵌段的玻璃化转变温度是根据ASTM标准D3418-97通过差示扫描量热计(DSC)测量的。
为了使上述定义的嵌段共聚物具有有利于化妆品应用的弹性,刚性嵌段和柔性嵌段必需是不相溶混的,也就是不相容的。这种热力学不相容性对于形成表现为聚合物网络的物理交联点的刚性嵌段微区是绝对基本条件。这些物理交联点给予大分子体系以弹性,也就是说,拉伸后至少部分地恢复到其原始状态。
表征上述嵌段共聚物的弹性的物理参数是拉伸恢复。该恢复是通过拉伸蠕变试验测试的,该测试在于快速拉伸一样品到一预定拉伸度,然后释放应力并测试样品的长度。
用于表征本发明嵌段共聚物弹性的蠕变试验是以下述方式进行的:
使用的样品是500±50μm厚的共聚物膜,切成80mm×15mm样条。该共聚物膜是这样得到的:室温22±2℃,相对湿度50±5%下干燥所述共聚物在水或乙醇中6wt%的溶液或分散体。
每个样条固定在间距50±1mm的两个钳口之间,并以20mm/min速度(在上述温度和湿度下)拉伸到伸长度为50%(εmax),也就是原长的1.5倍。然后通过产生等于拉伸速度即20mm/min的恢复速度的方式释放应力,并测试恢复到零负载后瞬间样品的伸长(εi)(用相对于原长的百分比表示)。
瞬间恢复(Ri)是通过下面公式计算的:
Ri(%)=((εmax-εi)/εmax)×100
瞬间恢复值依赖于多种因素例如刚性嵌段和柔性嵌段的性能、数目、排列和相对比例或者聚合物的摩尔质量。本发明的弹性嵌段共聚物在上述条件下测试的瞬间恢复(Ri)为5%-100%,优选5%-95%,更特别地为10%-90%,甚至更好地为20%-80%,理想地为55%-78%。
根据本发明,每个嵌段可以由一个或多个不同种单体组成,也就是说它可以是均聚型的嵌段,或交替共聚型的嵌段。尽管可能由几种不同单体组成,但是每个嵌段仅有一个玻璃化转变温度。
本发明中,这两种嵌段之间玻璃化转变温度的差别,也就是刚性嵌段和柔性嵌段之间玻璃化转变温度的差别优选至少等于20℃,特别是20-160℃,特别是大于或等于50℃,尤其是50-160℃,理想地大于或等于100℃,特别是100-160℃。
本发明的弹性烯属嵌段共聚物可选自
—通式为AB的二嵌段共聚物,
—通式为ABA或BAB的三嵌段共聚物,和
—通式为(AB)n,B(AB)n或(AB)nA的多嵌段共聚物,
其中A表示上述定义的刚性嵌段,B表示上述定义的柔性嵌段,n至少等于2,优选等于2或3,同一聚合物的嵌段A可能相同也可能不同,同一聚合物的嵌段B可能相同也可能不同。
本发明中,最特别优选地是使用结构为ABA的三嵌段共聚物,也就是说,由两个相同或不同的刚性嵌段(A)组成,每个的玻璃化转变温度大于或等于20℃,并围绕着玻璃化转变温度小于20℃的柔性中心嵌段(B)。
嵌段A(刚性)优选占最终嵌段共聚物的10-60wt%,特别是15-50wt%,因此,嵌段B(柔性)占最终嵌段共聚物的40-90wt%,特别是50-85wt%。
根据本发明,化妆品中使用的弹性烯属嵌段共聚物包括至少一个玻璃化转变温度(Tg)大于或等于20℃的刚性嵌段和至少一个玻璃化转变温度(Tg)小于20℃的柔性嵌段,由选自通式(I)的衍生自一种或多种烯属单体的单元组成,
(I)R1R2C=CR3R4
其中,每个R1,R2,R3和R4独立地表示
—氢原子或卤原子,
—可以被一个或多个卤原子或一个或多个OH基取代的C1-20烷基,
—含有2-10个碳原子并且可以被一个或多个卤原子取代的直链或支链α,β-不饱合链烯基或炔基,
—可以被一个或多个卤原子取代的C3-8环烷基,
—氰基,
—芳基,
—含有一个或多个N,O,S和P原子的4元-12元杂环基,
—-C(=Y)R5,-CH2C(=Y)R5,-C(=Y)NR6R7,-YC(=Y)R5,-NR6C(=Y)R5,-SOR5,-SO2R5,-OSO2R5,-NR8SO2R5,-PR5 2,-P(=Y)R5 2,-YPR5 2,-YP(=Y)R5 2或任选地被其它R8季胺化的-NR8 2,其中
Y表示NR8,S或O,
R5表示任选地羟基化C1-20烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷基,任选地酯化的单或多烯氧基,羟基,-OM(M=碱金属),芳氧基或杂环氧基,
R6和R7分别独立地表示氢原子或C1-20烷基或与它们连接的氮原子一起形成3元-8元环,和
R8表示氢原子或C1-20烷基或芳基,
—-C(=O)-X-R9-Z或-R9-Z,其中,
R9表示饱和或不饱和直链、支链或环状,任选卤化的C1-20基于烃的二价自由基,其中可以包括一个或多个杂原子,
X表示NR10或氧原子,
Z表示-N(R10)2,-S-R10或P(R10)2,其中每个R10独立地表示饱和或不饱和直链、支链或环状,任选地卤化的C1-20基于烃的基团,其中可以包括一个或多个杂原子,
X和Z中的氮原子可以被C1-20烷基质子化或季铵化,
—-R9-NR10-酸或-C(=O)-X-R9-NR10-酸,其中酸表示羧基、磺酸基或磷酸基,R9和R10与上面定义的相同,
—含有至少一个硅原子的自由基,特别是-R-硅氧烷,-CONHR-硅氧烷,-COOR-硅氧烷或-OCO-R-硅氧烷自由基,其中R是C1-20烷基,硫代烷基或烷氧基,芳氧基或杂环氧基。
然而,本发明排除了完全由乙烯、丙烯、丁烯、丁二烯和/或异戊二烯单元组成的柔性嵌段的嵌段共聚物。
优选的是,本发明的弹性烯属嵌段共聚物的刚性嵌段由一种或多种烯属单体的单元组成,所述单体选自:
—丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸,
—含有直链、支链或环状链的C1-20甲基丙烯酸烷基酯,例如甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸丙酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸异丁酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯和甲基丙烯酸环己酯,
—甲基丙烯酸羟C1-4羟烷基酯,例如甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯和甲基丙烯酸2-羟丙酯,
—某些乙烯基酯,例如醋酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯、苯甲酸乙烯酯和叔丁基苯甲酸乙烯酯,
—杂环单体,例如N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、乙烯基己内酰胺、乙烯基-N-(C1-6烷基)吡咯、乙烯基噁唑、乙烯基噻唑、乙烯基吡啶和乙烯基咪唑,
—(甲基)丙烯酰胺,
—某些脂族、环脂族或芳族甲基丙烯酰胺,例如叔丁基丙烯酰胺和二(C1-4烷基)甲基丙烯酰胺,
—苯乙烯,
—某些取代苯乙烯,
—含有一个氟基或全氟基的甲基丙烯酸或乙烯基单体,例如甲基丙烯酸全氟辛基乙基酯,或含有一个氟基或全氟基的甲基丙烯酰胺,
—甲基丙烯酸或乙烯基硅氧烷单体,例如甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三(三甲基硅氧基)硅烷或硅氧烷(甲基)丙烯酰胺,
—含有中和了的或者季铵化了的胺官能团的丙烯酸或乙烯基单体,例如(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基氨乙酯、甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨乙酯、乙烯基胺、乙烯基吡啶和二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵,
—烯属羧基甜菜碱或磺基甜菜碱,例如用含有不稳定卤原子的羧酸钠盐(例如氯乙酸钠)或环砜(例如丙磺酸内酯)季铵化含有氨基的不饱和烯属单体得到的。
可以提及的优选刚性嵌段的实例为聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)、聚苯乙烯和聚(甲基丙烯酸全氟辛基乙酯)嵌段。
优选的是,本发明的弹性烯属嵌段共聚物的柔性嵌段是由衍生自一种或多种烯属单体的单元组成,所述单体选自
—含有一个直链、支链或环状链的丙烯酸C1-20烷基酯,例如甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸丙酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、甲基丙烯酸异丁酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯,
—丙烯酸C6-20芳基酯,
—丙烯酸C1-4羟烷基酯,例如丙烯酸2-羟乙酯和丙烯酸2-羟丙酯,
—含有任选地醚化了的羟基末端的单,二或聚(乙二醇)的(甲基)丙烯酸酯,例如乙二醇、二聚乙二醇或多聚乙二醇的(甲基)丙烯酸酯,
—某些脂族、环脂族或芳族(甲基)丙烯酰胺,例如十一烷基丙烯酰胺或N-辛基丙烯酰胺,
—某些乙烯基醚,例如乙烯基异丁基醚,
—某些取代的苯乙烯,
—含有一个氟基或全氟基的丙烯酸或乙烯基单体,例如含有一个全氟烷基链的丙烯酸酯,例如丙烯酸全氟辛基乙酯,
—丙烯酸或乙烯基硅氧烷单体,例如丙烯酰氧基丙基聚二甲基硅氧烷。
可以提及的优选柔性嵌段的实例是聚(丙烯酸丁酯)和聚(丙烯酸2-乙基己酯)嵌段。
特别有利于本发明化妆品用的聚合物是:
—聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)三嵌段共聚物,
—聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸异丁酯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)三嵌段共聚物,
—聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯-苯乙烯)三嵌段共聚物。
本发明的目的还有提供含有上述弹性烯属嵌段共聚物的化妆品组合物。
这些化妆品组合物含有溶解或分散在合适的生理可接受溶剂介质中的弹性烯属嵌段共聚物。
可以提及的溶剂的实例是水,酮例如甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮、二异丁基酮、异佛尔酮、环己酮或丙酮,低级醇例如乙醇、异丙醇、双丙酮醇、2-丁氧基乙醇或环己醇,亚烷基二醇例如乙二醇、丙二醇或戊二醇,亚烷基二醇醚例如丙二醇单甲基醚、丙二醇单乙基醚、乙酸基或二丙二醇单丁基醚,醋酸C2-7烷基酯例如醋酸甲酯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丙酯、醋酸丁酯或醋酸异戊酯,醚例如二乙基醚、二甲基醚或二氯二乙基醚,烷烃例如癸烷、庚烷、十二烷或环己烷,芳烃例如甲苯和二甲苯,挥发胶例如环状或直链挥发性硅油,基于烃的挥发胶例如异链烷烃或氟油。
化妆品组合物中烯属弹性嵌段共聚物的浓度依赖于它们的化学结构,但首先取决于化妆品组合物的类型。通常,弹性嵌段共聚物的浓度为1-99wt%,优选5-50wt%,更好地为7-40wt%。
本发明的化妆品组合物还包括由油、胶和/或蜡组成的脂肪相。
室温(25℃)下为液体的化妆品可接受的油、脂肪物可以是烃基和/或硅氧烷和/或氟油。它们可以是来自于动物、植物、矿物或合成的。
特别可以提及的是下述物质或其混合物,
●动物的烃基油例如全氢化角鲨烯,
●烃基植物油例如葵花子油、棉籽油、豆油、豌豆油、葡萄籽油、花生油、甜杏籽油、beauty-leaf油、棕榈油、芝麻油、榛子油、杏籽油、macadamia油、蓖麻油、鳄梨油、霍霍巴油和烛果油,液态C4 -10脂肪酸的三甘油酯,例如庚酸或辛酸的三甘油酯,癸酸或辛酸的三甘油酯,例如Stearineries Dubois公司出售的那些或者DynamitNobel公司出售的商品名为Miglyol810,812和818的那些。
●直链或支链矿物烃或合成烃,例如液体石蜡和其衍生物,凡士林、聚十二烯、purcellin oil或氢化聚异丁烯例如parleam,
●合成酯,特别是
—脂肪酸酯例如通式为R3COOR4的油,其中R3表示含有7-29个碳原子的高级脂肪酸残基,R4表示含有3-30个碳原子的烃基链,例如肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、棕榈酸2-乙基己酯、硬脂酸2-辛基十二酯、芥酸2-辛基十二酯和异硬脂酸异硬脂酯,
—羟基化酯例如乳酸异硬脂酯、羟基硬脂酸辛酯、羟基硬脂酸辛基十二酯、马来酸二异硬脂酯和柠檬酸三异十六酯,
—多元醇酯,例如二辛酸丙二醇酯、二庚酸辛戊二醇酯、二异壬酸二乙二醇酯和季戊四醇酯,
●含有12-26个碳原子的脂肪醇,例如辛基十二醇、2-丁基辛醇、2-己基癸醇、2-十一烷基十五醇和油醇,
●部分氟化和/或硅烷化的烃基油,
●硅油,例如挥发性或非挥发性的直链或环状聚二甲基硅氧烷,烷基二甲基硅氧烷、任选地用氟化脂肪基和/或芳基,或官能团(例如羟基、硫代基和/或胺基)改性的硅氧烷,和苯基硅氧烷油例如聚苯基甲基硅氧烷或苯基三甲基硅氧烷。
使用的油可以是挥发性的和/或非挥发性的。术语“挥发性”是指能够在室温下从涂布了该油的载体上挥发的油,换句话说,25℃、1个大气压下可测试的蒸汽压大于0Pa,特别是为0.13-40000Pa。可以提及的特别是挥发性硅油例如环状或直链挥发性硅氧烷和环状共聚物。还可以提及的是基于烃的挥发性油例如异链烷烃和挥发性氟油。
在这些化妆品中使用的可接受的胶和/或蜡中,可以提及的是
●硅氧烷胶,
●动物、植物、矿物或合成蜡,例如微晶蜡、石蜡、矿脂、凡士林、地蜡、褐煤蜡、蜂蜡、羊毛脂及其衍生物、小烛树蜡、小冠巴西棕蜡、巴西棕榈蜡、日本蜡、可可油、软木纤维蜡、蔗糖蜡、25℃为固体的氢化油、室温下为固体的脂肪酯和甘油酯、聚乙烯蜡、通过Fischer-Tropsch合成的蜡和羊毛脂,
●硅氧烷蜡,和
●氟蜡。
本发明的化妆品组合物还可以包括一种或多种增稠剂,一种或多种成膜聚合物和/或一种或多种增塑剂。
本发明的化妆品组合物中还可以包括由颜料和/或珍珠母和/或填料组成的颗粒相。
术语“颜料”应当理解为指用于着色或遮盖组合物的白色或彩色,矿物或有机颗粒。举例说明,可以提及的是二氧化钛、二氧化锆或二氧化铈、氧化锌、氧化铁或氧化铬、铁蓝、水合铬、碳黑、群青(多硫铝硅)、焦磷酸锰和某些粉末例如银或铝粉。还可以提及的是某些漆例如钙、钡、铝或锆盐。这些颜料通常占最终组合物的0-15wt%,优选为8-10wt%。
本发明中,术语“填料”是指无色或白色的矿物或合成的层状或非层状颗粒,用于充当组合物的主体或给予组合物刚性和/或给予化妆品柔度、无光效果和均匀性。本发明化妆品组合物中可以使用的填料选自,例如滑石、云母、硅石、高岭土、尼龙粉、聚乙烯粉、Teflon、淀粉、氮化硼、聚合物微粒例如Nobel工业公司的Expancel或DowCorning公司的Polytrap、硅氧烷树脂微珠例如Toshiba公司的Tospearls,沉淀碳酸钙、碳酸镁、碳酸氢镁、和衍生自C8-22羧酸的金属皂。
相对于最终化妆品组合物的重量而言,填料的使用比例通常为0-80wt%,优选5-15wt%。
术语“珍珠母”应当理解为指反射光的虹彩颗粒。举例说明,可以提及的是天然珍珠母、涂覆了氧化钛、氧化铁、天然颜料或氯氧铋的云母,以及彩色钛云母。
珍珠母在最终化妆品组合物中的存在比例通常为0-20wt%,优选8-15wt%。
该组合物中还可以包括相当大量的化妆品中通常使用的添加剂,例如抗氧剂、香料、精油、防腐剂、亲油或亲水的化妆品活性剂、增湿剂、维生素、色料、必需脂肪酸、鞘脂类、自晒黑剂(self-tanningagents)、防晒剂、消泡剂、螯合剂、抗氧剂或自由基清除剂。
无需说明,本领域技术人员能够精心地选择非必需的添加化合物以使本发明组合物的有利性能没有,或实际上没有由于想象的添加而受到负面影响。
含有上述弹性嵌段共聚物的本发明化妆品组合物可以是化妆品通常采用的任何形式,也就是说,以洗剂(lotion)、悬浮液、分散体、任选地增稠或胶化的有机溶液、水溶液或水-醇溶液、摩丝、喷雾剂、水包油、油包水或多重乳状液、自由的,压实的或铸型粉末、固体或无水膏体的形式。
它更特别是护理品、卫生用品和/或化妆品。本发明化妆品组合物的优选实施方式是,护发组合物,特别是定型组合物例如定型油、胶或洗发液,指甲油和用于面部、身体或外皮(指甲、睫毛、眉毛或头发)的化妆品组合物,例如眼影、面霜、眼线、睫毛油、自由或压实粉、粉底、彩色面膏、唇膏、concealer stick等。
下面给出的实施例是用于说明本发明,而决不是要限制本发明。
实施例1
双官能团聚合前体的制备
双官能团前体是根据下面反应通式制备的:
为此,将18g(0.2mol)1,4-丁二醇与100g四氢呋喃混合,并将该混合物室温下平衡10分钟。然后在30分钟内缓慢加入40.4g(0.4mol)三乙胺,以使溶液温度不会突然增加。然后在3小时内非常缓慢地加入92g(0.4mol)2-溴异丁酰溴,并冷却到5℃。在此期间,反应溶液逐渐变黄。25℃下持续搅拌过夜,然后将温度缓慢恢复到室温。
通过蒸发THF浓缩反应溶液,残留物从水中沉淀出来。然后将水相用乙醚萃取3次,随后将醚相用硫酸镁干燥。
蒸发掉醚后,得到63g双(正丁基1,4-溴丁酯),对应的产率为80%。
实施例2
聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)的三嵌段共聚物的制备
步骤I:丙烯酸丁酯的聚合
在无氧条件下,将0.078g(2×10-4mol)实施例1制备的双官能团前体、2.9×10-4mol CuBr,5.7×10-4mol 2,2′二吡啶和30g丙烯酸丁酯在带有氮气入口的密闭反应器中混合。120℃下氮气气氛下加热该混合物,然后关闭氮气入口并将该温度持续5小时。
步骤II:甲基丙烯酸甲酯的聚合
然后将12g甲基丙烯酸甲酯加入到反应混合物中,120℃下反应3小时,然后冷却到室温。得到42g粘稠的绿色溶液并将其溶解在大约100ml二氯甲烷中。将该聚合物溶液通过中性三氧化二铝床,此时从5体积的甲醇/水混合物(80/20)中沉淀出澄清溶液。
此时得到37g膏状聚合物,对应产率为90wt%。
用热庚烷洗涤该膏状聚合物由此去掉任何残留单体。
通过凝胶渗透的液相色谱测试其重均分子量和数均分子量(THF作溶剂,用标准线性聚苯乙烯作校正曲线)。其数均分子量(Mn)等于51900,重均分子量(Mp)等于114500。
该共聚物出现两个玻璃化转变温度Tg,第一个-47℃归于聚丙烯酸丁酯嵌段。第二个70℃归于聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段。
该共聚物的瞬间恢复为75%。
实施例3
发胶的制备
用100g含有9wt%的实施例2制备的聚合物的乙醇溶液和75g二甲基醚作为推进气来制备气溶胶。
将该组合物喷涂在18cm长的棕栗色头发上,并由5人小组使用0(差)到5(优异)的分级方法评价发型的保持性和发束的柔度。得到的发型保持性为4,发束的柔度为4。
实施例4
指甲油的制备
将实施例2制备的聚合物以25wt%的浓度溶解在醋酸乙酯中。
将该溶液以常规方式涂布在指甲上。干燥了的指甲油具有好的耐老化性。它不会磨损,保持光泽。它可以容易地用标准丙酮基溶剂去除。
Claims (35)
1.弹性烯属嵌段共聚物在化妆品中的应用,所述共聚物包括:
(a)至少一个玻璃化转变温度(Tg)大于或等于20℃的刚性嵌段,所述嵌段由衍生自一种或多种烯属单体的单元组成,和
(b)至少一个玻璃化转变温度(Tg)小于20℃的柔性嵌段,所述嵌段由衍生自一种或多种烯属单体的单元组成,
所述共聚物使得可以制备瞬间恢复为5%-100%的膜,并且所述膜不包括具有全部由乙烯、丙烯、丁烯、丁二烯和/或异戊二烯单元组成的柔性嵌段的嵌段共聚物。
2.根据权利要求1的应用,其特征在于弹性烯属嵌段共聚物是通过受控自由基聚合得到的聚合物。
3.根据权利要求1或2的应用,其特征在于所述玻璃化转变温度(Tg)大于或等于20℃的刚性嵌段是由衍生自一种或多种烯属单体的单元组成,所述烯属单体选自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸、含有直链、支链或环化链的C1-20甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、甲基丙烯酸C1-4羟烷基酯、某些乙烯基酯、杂环单体、甲基丙烯酰胺、某些脂族、环脂族或芳族甲基丙烯酰胺、苯乙烯、某些取代苯乙烯、含有一个氟基或全氟基的(甲基)丙烯酸或乙烯基单体、或含有一个氟基或全氟基的(甲基)丙烯酰胺、(甲基)丙烯酸或乙烯基硅氧烷单体或硅氧烷(甲基)丙烯酰胺、含有或者中和了的或者季铵化了的胺官能团的丙烯酸或乙烯基单体、和烯属羧基甜菜碱或磺基甜菜碱。
4.根据上述任一项权利要求的应用,其特征在于所述玻璃化转变温度(Tg)小于20℃的柔性嵌段是由衍生自一种或多种烯属单体的单元组成,所述单体选自含有直链、支链或环化链的丙烯酸C1-20烷基酯、丙烯酸C6-20芳基酯、丙烯酸C1-4羟烷基酯、单,二或聚乙二醇、含有任选地醚化了的羟基末端的(甲基)丙烯酸酯、某些脂族、环脂族或芳族(甲基)丙烯酰胺、某些乙烯基醚、某些取代的苯乙烯、含有一个氟基或全氟基的丙烯酸或乙烯基单体、和丙烯酸或乙烯基硅氧烷单体。
5.根据上述任一项权利要求的应用,其特征在于烯属嵌段共聚物选自通式为AB的二嵌段共聚物、通式为ABA或BAB的三嵌段共聚物和通式为(AB)n,B(AB)n或(AB)nA的多嵌段共聚物,其中每一个A表示玻璃化转变温度大于或等于室温(20℃)的刚性嵌段,每一个B表示玻璃化转变温度小于室温(20℃)的柔性嵌段,n至少等于2,优选等于2或3,同一聚合物的嵌段A可能相同也可能不同,同一聚合物的嵌段B可能相同也可能不同。
6.根据权利要求5的应用,其特征在于所述烯属共聚物是通式为ABA的三嵌段共聚物,其中每个A独立地表示玻璃化转变温度大于或等于室温(20℃)的刚性嵌段,B表示玻璃化转变温度小于室温(20℃)的柔性嵌段。
7.根据上述任一项权利要求的应用,其特征在于嵌段烯属共聚物选自
—聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)三嵌段共聚物,
—聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸异丁酯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)三嵌段共聚物,和
—聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯-苯乙烯)三嵌段共聚物。
8.根据上述任一项权利要求的应用,其特征在于刚性嵌段A与柔性嵌段B是不相容的,换句话说是不能混溶的。
9.根据上述任一项权利要求的应用,其特征在于刚性嵌段和柔性嵌段的玻璃化转变温度之间的差值至少等于20℃,优选大于50℃,理想地大于100℃。
10.根据上述任一项权利要求的应用,其特征在于所述嵌段共聚物的瞬间恢复为5%-95%,优选10%-90%,特别是20%-80%,理想地为55%-78%。
11.根据上述任一项权利要求的应用,其特征在于嵌段A占最终嵌段共聚物的10-60wt%,特别是15-50wt%,嵌段B占最终嵌段共聚物的40-90wt%,特别是50-85wt%。
12.一种化妆品组合物包括,在生理可接受介质中,至少一种弹性烯属嵌段共聚物,所述共聚物包括:
(a)至少一个玻璃化转变温度(Tg)大于或等于20℃的刚性嵌段,其由衍生自一种或多种烯属单体的单元组成,和
(b)至少一个玻璃化转变温度(Tg)小于20℃的柔性嵌段,由衍生自一种或多种烯属单体的单元组成,
所述共聚物可以制备瞬间恢复为5%-20%,并且不包括具有全部由乙烯、丙烯、丁烯、丁二烯和/或异戊二烯单元组成的柔性嵌段的嵌段共聚物的膜。
13.根据权利要求12的化妆品组合物,其特征在于弹性烯属嵌段共聚物是通过受控自由基聚合得到的聚合物。
14.根据权利要求12或13的组合物,其特征在于所述玻璃化转变温度(Tg)大于或等于20℃的刚性嵌段是由衍生自一种或多种烯属单体的单元组成,所述烯属单体选自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸、含有直链、支链或环化链的甲基丙烯酸C1-20烷基酯、甲基丙烯酸C1-4羟烷基酯、某些乙烯基酯、杂环单体、(甲基)丙烯酰胺、某些脂族、环脂族或芳族甲基丙烯酰胺、苯乙烯、某些取代苯乙烯、含有一个氟基或全氟基的(甲基)丙烯酸或乙烯基单体、或含有一个氟基或全氟基的(甲基)丙烯酰胺、(甲基)丙烯酸或乙烯基硅氧烷单体或硅氧烷(甲基)丙烯酰胺、含有或者中和了的或者季铵化了的胺官能团的丙烯酸或乙烯基单体、和烯属羧基甜菜碱或磺基甜菜碱。
15.根据权利要求12-14中任一项的化妆品组合物,其特征在于所述玻璃化转变温度(Tg)小于20℃的柔性嵌段是由衍生自一种或多种烯属单体的单元组成,所述单体选自含有一个直链、支链或环化链的丙烯酸C1-20烷基酯、丙烯酸C6-20芳基酯、丙烯酸C1-4羟烷基酯、单,二或聚乙二醇、含有任选地醚化了的羟基末端的(甲基)丙烯酸酯、某些脂族、环脂族或芳族(甲基)丙烯酰胺、某些乙烯基醚、某些取代的苯乙烯、含有一个氟基或全氟基的丙烯酸或乙烯基单体、和丙烯酸或乙烯基硅氧烷单体。
16.根据权利要求12-15中任一项的化妆品组合物,其特征在于烯属嵌段共聚物选自通式为AB的二嵌段共聚物、通式为ABA或BAB的三嵌段共聚物和通式为(AB)n的多嵌段共聚物,其中每一个A表示玻璃化转变温度大于或等于室温(20℃)的刚性嵌段,每一个B表示玻璃化转变温度小于室温(20℃)的柔性嵌段,n至少等于2,优选等于2或3,同一聚合物的嵌段A可能相同也可能不同,同一聚合物的嵌段B可能相同也可能不同。
17.根据权利要求12-16中任一项的组合物,其特征在于所述烯属共聚物是通式为ABA的三嵌段共聚物,其中每个A独立地表示玻璃化转变温度大于或等于室温(20℃)的刚性嵌段,B表示玻璃化转变温度小于室温(20℃)的柔性嵌段。
18.根据权利要求12-17中任一项的组合物,其特征在于刚性嵌段A与柔性嵌段B是不相容的,换句话说是不混溶的。
19.根据权利要求12-18中任一项的组合物,其特征在于嵌段烯属共聚物选自
—聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)三嵌段共聚物,
—聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸异丁酯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)三嵌段共聚物,
—聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯-苯乙烯)三嵌段共聚物。
20.根据权利要求12-19中任一项的组合物,其特征在于刚性嵌段和柔性嵌段的玻璃化转变温度之间的差值至少等于20℃,优选大于50℃,理想地大于100℃。
21.根据权利要求12-20中任一项的组合物,其特征在于所述弹性嵌段共聚物的瞬间恢复为5%-95%,优选10%-90%,特别是20%-80%,理想地为55%-78%。
22.根据权利要求12-21中任一项的组合物,其特征在于嵌段A占最终嵌段共聚物的10-60wt%,特别是15-50wt%,嵌段B占最终嵌段共聚物的40-90wt%,特别是50-85wt%。
23.根据权利要求12-22中任一项的化妆品组合物,其特征在于其中含有1-99wt%,优选5-50wt%,最特别是7-40wt%的所述弹性嵌段共聚物。
24.根据权利要求12-23中任一项的组合物,其特征在于所述生理可接受的介质包括一种或多种选自水、酮、醇、亚烷基二醇、亚烷基二醇醚、醋酸C2-7烷基酯、醚、烷、芳烃、酸酐和挥发胶的适当溶剂。
25.根据权利要求12-24中任一项的化妆品组合物,其特征在于生理可接受介质还包括一种由室温下为液体或固体的来自于动物、植物、矿物或合成的脂肪物组成的脂肪相。
26.根据权利要求12-25中任一项的化妆品组合物,其特征在于所述生理可接受的介质还包括一种或多种增稠剂、一种或多种成膜聚合物和/或一种或多种增塑剂。
27.根据权利要求12-26中任一项的化妆品组合物,其特征在于所述生理可接受介质还包括由颜料和/或珍珠母和/或填料组成的颗粒相。
28.根据权利要求12-27中任一项的化妆品组合物,其特征在于所述生理可接受的介质还包括一种或多种添加剂例如抗氧剂、香料、精油、防腐剂、亲油或亲水的化妆品活化剂、增湿剂、维生素、色料、必需脂肪酸、鞘脂类、自晒黑剂(self-tanning agents)、防晒剂、消泡剂、螯合剂、抗氧剂或自由基清除剂。
29.根据权利要求12-28中任一项的化妆品组合物,其特征在于它的形式为洗剂(lotion),悬浮液,分散体,任选地增稠或胶化的有机溶液、水溶液或水-醇溶液,摩丝,喷雾剂,水包油、油包水或多重乳状液,自由的、压实的或铸型粉末,固体或无水膏体。
30.根据权利要求12-29中任一项的化妆品组合物,其特征在于它是发胶(hair lacquer)。
31.根据权利要求12-29中任一项的化妆品组合物,其特征在于它是指甲油。
32.根据权利要求12-29中任一项的化妆品组合物,其特征在于它是化妆组合物。
33.权利要求1-11中任一项在提高发胶定型能力和柔度方面的应用。
34.权利要求1-11中任一项在增加指甲油的冲击强度中的应用。
35.权利要求1-11中任一项在提高化妆组合物持久性方面的应用。
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DE69942703D1 (de) * | 1998-12-30 | 2010-10-07 | Lubrizol Advanced Mat Inc | Verzweigte blockcopolymere für die behandlung der oberfläche des keratins |
US6391409B1 (en) * | 1999-02-12 | 2002-05-21 | Allegiance Corporation | Powder-free nitrile-coated gloves with an intermediate rubber-nitrile layer between the glove and the coating and method of making same |
ES2317838T3 (es) * | 1999-05-26 | 2009-05-01 | Rhodia Inc. | Polimeros en bloque, composiciones y metodos de utilizacion de espumas, detergentes para la lavanderia, agentes de aclarado para ducha y coagulantes. |
-
2000
- 2000-05-23 FR FR0006534A patent/FR2809306B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-05-18 BR BR0106661-7A patent/BR0106661A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-05-18 MX MXPA02000626A patent/MXPA02000626A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-05-18 HU HU0302198A patent/HUP0302198A3/hu unknown
- 2001-05-18 JP JP2001585716A patent/JP2003534264A/ja active Pending
- 2001-05-18 RU RU2002104716/15A patent/RU2223742C2/ru active
- 2001-05-18 CN CNB018013716A patent/CN1229108C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-18 AU AU62454/01A patent/AU766061B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-05-18 EP EP01936573A patent/EP1283698B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-18 DE DE60121937T patent/DE60121937T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-18 AT AT01936573T patent/ATE334720T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-05-18 PT PT01936573T patent/PT1283698E/pt unknown
- 2001-05-18 PL PL01359524A patent/PL359524A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-05-18 KR KR10-2002-7000853A patent/KR100459637B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-05-18 ES ES01936573T patent/ES2264689T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-18 CA CA002377854A patent/CA2377854A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-18 US US10/031,233 patent/US6805872B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-18 WO PCT/FR2001/001525 patent/WO2001089470A1/fr active IP Right Grant
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2007
- 2007-04-11 JP JP2007104203A patent/JP2007191723A/ja not_active Abandoned
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104684949A (zh) * | 2012-12-13 | 2015-06-03 | 东丽先端材料研究开发(中国)有限公司 | 多嵌段共聚物及聚合物电解质 |
CN104684949B (zh) * | 2012-12-13 | 2016-12-21 | 东丽先端材料研究开发(中国)有限公司 | 多嵌段共聚物及聚合物电解质 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MXPA02000626A (es) | 2002-07-02 |
AU6245401A (en) | 2001-12-03 |
FR2809306B1 (fr) | 2004-02-06 |
JP2003534264A (ja) | 2003-11-18 |
CN1229108C (zh) | 2005-11-30 |
PT1283698E (pt) | 2006-11-30 |
FR2809306A1 (fr) | 2001-11-30 |
EP1283698B1 (fr) | 2006-08-02 |
PL359524A1 (en) | 2004-08-23 |
ATE334720T1 (de) | 2006-08-15 |
DE60121937T2 (de) | 2007-03-01 |
RU2223742C2 (ru) | 2004-02-20 |
AU766061B2 (en) | 2003-10-09 |
JP2007191723A (ja) | 2007-08-02 |
DE60121937D1 (de) | 2006-09-14 |
WO2001089470A1 (fr) | 2001-11-29 |
KR100459637B1 (ko) | 2004-12-03 |
BR0106661A (pt) | 2002-04-02 |
HUP0302198A3 (en) | 2005-10-28 |
CA2377854A1 (fr) | 2001-11-29 |
EP1283698A1 (fr) | 2003-02-19 |
US20020115780A1 (en) | 2002-08-22 |
US6805872B2 (en) | 2004-10-19 |
HUP0302198A2 (hu) | 2003-10-28 |
KR20020015386A (ko) | 2002-02-27 |
ES2264689T3 (es) | 2007-01-16 |
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