CN1377352A - A2b腺苷受体的选择性拮抗剂 - Google Patents
A2b腺苷受体的选择性拮抗剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1377352A CN1377352A CN00813717A CN00813717A CN1377352A CN 1377352 A CN1377352 A CN 1377352A CN 00813717 A CN00813717 A CN 00813717A CN 00813717 A CN00813717 A CN 00813717A CN 1377352 A CN1377352 A CN 1377352A
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Abstract
本发明提供了式(I)化合物,其中R是脂族或环脂族氨基或其药学上可接受的盐和其药学上可接受的盐。式(I)化合物可用于治疗哮喘和腹泻等适应症。
Description
有关联邦政府赞助研究或开发的说明
本发明用US政府资金资助(NH Grant R29HL55596,N1H 1 PO1HL56693)进行,在本发明中US政府将拥有部分权利。
发明领域
本发明涉及用作A2B腺苷受体的选择性拮抗剂的新药物化合物,此外,本发明涉及用于治疗某些适应症,包括哮喘和腹泻的新药物组合物,本发明还涉及治疗某些适应症,包括哮喘和腹泻的新方法。
发明背景
明显的证据显示腺苷调控许多生理学的过程。它的作用通过与特定细胞膜受体的相互作用介导。现已确认4种类型的腺苷受体:A1、A2A、A2B和A3。所有4种亚型由人体组织克隆,腺苷受体有G蛋白质偶联的受体的7个跨膜域结构,腺苷受体广泛分布于整个人体,可能存在于任何细胞中。
腺苷受体最初由抑制(A1)或活化(A2A和A2B)腺苷酸环化酶的能力分类,A3受体也抑制腺苷酸环化酶。腺苷酸环化酶的调控通过偶联于Gs和Gi鸟嘌呤核苷酸调节蛋白质介导。人们还已知腺苷受体还偶联于其它细胞内信号途径。例如A1和A3受体可偶联于磷脂酶C;A1受体还偶联于K通道,A2B受体还偶联于Gq和介导PLC,Ras和MAP激酶的活化。
取代的黄嘌呤代表着至今报导的最有效种类的腺苷受体拮抗剂,参见Katsushima等,作为腺苷受体拮抗剂的8-环烷基-1,3-二丙基黄嘌呤的结构-活性关系,J.Med.Chem.,33:1906-1910(1900);和Martinson等,对于A1受体亚型选择性的有效腺苷受体拮抗剂,Molecular Pharmacology,31:247-252(1987)。
对A2B受体的研究受到缺乏选择性药理学的探针的阻碍,然而,A2B受体可通过其对激动剂的低亲和力和它们功效的不同排列次序辨别。NECA(5’-N-乙基羧酰胺腺苷)是最有效的A2B受体激动剂之一,但对A2A受体也是有效的。另一方面,激动剂CGS21680(4-((N-乙基-5’氨基甲酰基腺苷-2-基)-氨基乙基)-苯基丙酸)事实上对A2B受体是不活泼的,而它与NECA一样对A2A受体有效。CGS21680的缺乏效果被证明用于A2B受体的功能表征。A2B受体还对A3选择性激动剂IB-MECA和N6-苄基NECA具有非常低的亲和力。因此,这些激动剂可用于区别A2B和A3受体。总之,A2B受体可通过它们对激动剂的独特功效排列次序辨别,NECA>PIA≥IB-MECA>CGS-21689。
而A2B受体与其它受体亚型相比通常具有对激动剂的较低的亲和力,而对拮抗剂则不是这样。腺苷拮抗剂对A2B受体的结构活性关系未完全表征,但与其它亚型相比,至少某些黄嘌呤是A2B受体亚型的相同或更有效的拮抗剂。尤其DPSPX(1,3-二丙基-8-磺基苯基黄嘌呤)、DPCPX和DPX(1,3二乙基-苯基黄嘌呤)具有在中等至高nM范围的亲和力。
本发明人认识到A2B受体调控重要的生理学过程,如Feoktistov等,作为治疗靶的腺苷A2B受体,Drug Dev Res 45:198所述,A2B受体涉及肥大细胞活化过程、哮喘、血管舒张、细胞生长调节、肠功能和神经分泌的调控。
肥大细胞活化、治疗和/或预防哮喘和血管舒张、细胞生长和肠功能调节,和神经分泌的调控的方法是本发明的所有目的。
如上所述,A2B受体调控重要生理学过程,例如A2B受体在在肠上皮细胞的basolateral域中的结肠中被发现,并且增加氯化物分泌。具有差胃肠吸收的选择性A2B拮抗剂还可用于阻断肠内氯化物分泌。因此,本发明的目的是预防和/或治疗包括腹泻的炎性胃肠道疾病。
此外,还存在其中NECA产生深度血管舒张的血管床,基于A2B受体传递肺循环中的血管舒张的合理的证实,本发明的目的是预防和/或治疗心脏疾病。
A2B受体还存在于培养的血管平滑肌细胞中,被发现抑制其生长。由于损害的腺苷机理在动脉粥样硬化和高血压中观察的血管改造过程将起作用,本发明的目的是预防和/或治疗动脉粥样硬化和高血压。
A2B受体还存在于上皮细胞中,被发现刺激其生长。由于这将导致新血管的生长(血管生成),本发明的目的是预防和/或治疗以不正常血管生长为特征的疾病,例如糖尿病性视网膜炎和癌症。
现已证明A2B受体调控肥大细胞功能和A2B受体存在于小鼠骨髓来源的肥大细胞中,A2B受体已显示产生HMC-1细胞的直接活化,HMC-1细胞是一种具有人体肺肥大细胞的表型特征的细胞系。该过程包括通过Gq蛋白质的PLC的活化,和MAP激酶的活化,对于A2B受体先前未描述的细胞内过程。事实上,已报导了在狗肥大细胞瘤细胞系中的相同发现。基于本发明人采用特殊鸡抗人体A2B抗体的免疫荧光技术的研究证实,在通过支气管肺泡的灌洗细胞由气喘得到的人体肺细胞中存在A2B受体。因此,本发明的目的是预防和/或治疗哮喘。哮喘一直是影响约5-7%人口的重要医疗问题。尽管它的治疗得到进步,哮喘急症部门患者的普遍、住院、和与该疾病有关的死亡率,均显现上升。
此外,腺苷治疗,例如吸入腺苷刺激哮喘中的支气管缩小,但不能正常。由于该过程与肥大细胞介体,包括组胺、PGD2-β-己糖氨酶和类胰蛋白酶有关,和由于它可通过特异组胺H1阻断剂和chromolyn钠阻断,因此它与肥大细胞活化相关。此外,腺苷还显示纯人体肺肥大细胞的有效活化。该过程的低亲和力提示与A2B受体有关。假定吸入的腺苷在正常时没有效果,在腺苷与气喘的肥大细胞相互作用的方式显示内在差异。由于腺苷如哮喘中那样刺激在这些细胞系中肥大细胞活化,A2B受体在HMC-1细胞和在狗肥大细胞瘤细胞中产生的体外响应显示在哮喘中吸入腺苷模拟的体内响应。因此,本发明的目的是调控肥大细胞功能或活化人体肺细胞的方法。
茶碱仍然是有效的抗哮喘药,尽管它是弱的腺苷受体拮抗剂。然而,为了其有效,需要相当的血浆含量。此外,茶碱还有明显的副作用,大多数是由于它的CNS作用,它在哮喘中不产生有效效果,和由于它非特异阻断所有腺苷受体亚型。因此,茶碱的副效果可通过产生选择性和有效A2B拮抗剂,例如本发明的化合物明显改善。
人们已知腺苷经A2受体,显示神经递质抑制活性、支气管痉挛活性、再吸收促进活性等。因此腺苷A2受体拮抗剂预期用作由于腺苷A2受体活动力过强而导致的各种疾病的药物,例如用于帕金森疾病的治疗药、抗痴呆药、抗抑郁药、抗哮喘药和用于骨质疏松的治疗药。因此,本发明的目的是提供该治疗药。
如下文更完整描述的那样,本发明的化合物具有比恩丙茶碱高得多的功效,与A2A和A1相比仍有40-60倍的选择性。
现有技术的描述
如上所述,Kjellin等的US4325956和4804664公开的包括用于治疗心脏疾病和慢性阻塞性气管疾病的恩丙茶碱的黄嘌呤衍生物。
Diamond的US4089959公开了用于治疗支气管哮喘和其它支气管痉挛疾病的黄嘌呤衍生物,更具体地说,黄嘌呤衍生物,1,3,8-三烷基黄嘌呤。Diamond公开在黄嘌呤核的8位上引入烷基被发现产生具有长久活性的化合物。
Diamond的US4120947公开了用于治疗支气管痉挛和变应性疾病的1,3-二烷基-7-羧基甲氧基茶碱黄嘌呤衍生物,US4120947公开了其中在7位上带有羰基甲氧基取代基的黄嘌呤衍生物的实施例显示比茶碱大的活性。
Kufner-Muel等的US5461784公开了1,3-二烷基黄嘌呤衍生物,它可含有选择性地含有氧或硫作为其它杂原子的N-连接的饱和5或6元环。黄嘌呤化合物被公开用于中枢神经系统的变性疾病,例如老年性痴呆和早老性痴呆、帕金森疾病和外伤脑损伤的综合治疗。
Jacobson等的US4696932公开了以在茶碱环的1和3位上存在低级烷基,例如正丙基和在8-苯基环上的各种对位取代基为特征的黄嘌呤衍生物,化合物被公开具有作为抗抗变态反应药和抗哮喘药的明显活性以及用于治疗心脏疾病和肾衰竭、高血压和抑郁。
Jacobson等的Drug Rev Res 47:45-53(1999)公开了描述为A2B腺苷受体的拮抗剂的8-烷基或8-环烷基黄嘌呤衍生物。Jacobson等还公开A2BAR亚型被发现与细胞生长和基团表达、血管舒张和肠上皮的液体分泌物的控制有关。
Linden等的US5877180公开了有效用于治疗炎性疾病的A2腺苷受体的黄嘌呤衍生物拮抗剂,Linden等还公开了根据US5877180可治疗的炎性疾病的实例,包括,局部缺血、关节炎、哮喘、多发性硬化、脓毒病、败血症性休克、内毒素性休克、革兰氏阴性休克、毒性休克、出血性休克、成人呼吸窘迫综合症、TNF增强的HIV复制和AZT和DDI活性的TNF抑制、器官移植排斥(包括骨髓、肾、肝、肺、心脏、皮肤排斥)、恶病质继发性癌症、HIV和其它感染、骨质疏松、子宫内膜异位引起的不育症、脑型疟、细菌性脑膜炎、两性霉素B治疗引起的不良效果、白介素-2治疗引起的不良效果、OKT3治疗引起的不良效果和GM-CSF治疗引起的不良效果。
Suzuki等的US5670498和5703085公开了黄嘌呤衍生物A2受体拮抗剂,它用作治疗腺苷A2受体活动力过强而导致的各种疾病的药物,例如用于帕金森疾病的治疗药、抗痴呆药、抗抑郁药、抗哮喘药和用于骨质疏松的治疗药。
Reppert的US5516894公开了A2B拮抗剂,它们用作降低炎性胃肠道疾病或哮喘的药物。
发明概述
本发明的另一目的是提供预防和/或治疗哮喘、支气管痉挛以及其它阻塞性气管疾病的方法,包括给药如上所述式(I)化合物。本发明的另一目的是提供预防和/或治疗心脏疾病和帕金森疾病的方法,包括给药式(I)化合物。
本发明的另一目的包括拮抗A2B受体的方法,包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的式(I)化合物;治疗哮喘的方法,包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的权利要求1的化合物;治疗腹泻的方法,包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的式(I)化合物。
此外,本发明公开调节平滑肌紧张、细胞生长、肠功能和神经分泌的至少一种的方法。
本发明的另一目的是提供治疗炎性胃肠道疾病的方法,包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的式(I)化合物。
本发明的另一目的是提供治疗早老性痴呆、帕金森疾病、痴呆、抑郁或外伤脑损伤的方法,包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的式(I)化合物。
本发明的另一目的是提供治疗炎性疾病的方法,包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的式(I)化合物。炎性疾病包括哮喘、多发性硬化、脓毒病、败血症性休克、内毒素性休克、革兰氏阴性休克、毒性休克、出血性休克、成人呼吸窘迫综合症、TNF增强的HIV复制和AZT和DDI活性的TNF抑制、器官移植排斥、恶病质继发性癌症、HIV、骨质疏松、子宫内膜异位引起的不育症、脑型疟、细菌性脑膜炎、两性霉素B治疗引起的不良效果、白介素-2治疗引起的不良效果、OKT3治疗引起的不良效果和GM-CSF治疗引起的不良效果。
式(I)化合物的给药可以是以片剂、胶囊、溶液、酏剂、乳液、气溶胶等形式,例如口服、肠胃外或通过吸入装置。在人体中的典型有效剂量,根据给药途径,是例如每kg体重0.2-10mg,优选每kg0.4-5mg,更优选每kg0.6-2mg。然而,本领域技术人员需要进行实验可确定有效剂量。
附图说明
附图1:曲线图显示黄嘌呤衍生物对A2B受体的拮抗效果。Schild分析由用于在增加浓度的拮抗剂不存在或存在下在人体红白血病细胞中由NECA产生的cAMP的积累的剂量-响应曲线得到。Schild分析显示所有化合物的线性关系,暗示对A2B受体的竞争拮抗作用。在x轴上的截取是拮抗剂的Ki的评价,图比较了DPSPX、恩丙茶碱、茶碱和本发明的式(II)化合物。
发明的详细描述
其中R是脂族或环脂族氨基,R优选是C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二烷基氨基、哌啶子基、哌嗪基、吡咯啉基、吡咯烷基、吗啉代或氨基环己基衍生物。优选R基团在R基团的氮原子上键合黄嘌呤核,优选脂族或环脂族R基团是仲氨基。更优选R是如下式中所示的吡咯烷基:
本发明还提供作为预防和/或治疗哮喘方法的部分的给药的式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。本发明的其它实施方案提供作为预防和/或治疗腹泻方法的部分的给药的式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。本发明的其它实施方案提供作为调节平滑肌紧张、细胞生长、肠功能和神经分泌方法的部分的给药的式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
本发明的另一实施方案提供用于Suzuki等的US5670498所列的各种腺苷A2受体活动力过强而导致的疾病的治疗药的化合物(或其药学上可接受的盐)或组合物,例如帕金森疾病、痴呆、抑郁骨质疏松。
为公开的目的,式(I)化合物理解为包括其药学上可接受的盐。式(I)化合物的药学上可接受的盐包括,例如药学上可接受的酸加成盐、金属盐、铵盐、有机胺加成盐氨基酸加成盐。
优选的药学上可接受的酸加成盐包括无机酸的盐,例如盐酸、硫酸、硝酸等的盐;单价羧酸的盐,例如乙酸、丙酸等的盐;二价羧酸的盐,例如马来酸、富马酸、草酸等的盐;和三价羧酸的盐,例如羧基琥珀酸、柠檬酸等的盐。可用作本发明的式(I)化合物的形式的药学上可接受的盐的其它实例包括在Linden等的US5780481;Kjellin等的US4325956和Suzuki等的US5670498中公开的物质。
在本发明的方法中,本文描述的A2B腺苷受体拮抗剂构成活性组分,通常与有关给药所需形式(即口服片剂、胶囊、吸入剂、糖浆等)和常规药物实践相一致的合适选择的合适药物稀释剂、赋形剂或载体(统称为“载体”物质)混合。
式(I)化合物可制备如下:1-H-3-异丁基黄嘌呤化合物用作起始物料(参见K.R.H.Wooldrige和R.Slack,J.Chem.Soc.,1863(1962))。1-H-3-异丁基黄嘌呤如1-甲基-3-异丁基-8-溴黄嘌呤的制备方法所述被溴化(参见G.L.kramer,J.E.Garst和J.N.Wells,Biochemistry,16:3316(1977))。式(I)化合物通过将1-H-3-异丁基黄嘌呤与相应仲胺(即式(I)的R基团),如制备1,3-二丙基-8-吡咯烷基黄嘌呤的制备方法所述反应制备(参见T.Katsushima,L.Nieves和J.N.Wells,J.Med.chem.33:1906-1910(1990))。
在临床实践中,本发明的化合物和组合物将正常地口服、直肠、鼻内、舌下、通过注射或通过吸入给药。
例如,式(I)化合物和/或药学上可接受的盐可本身或以各种药物组合物的形式给药。本发明的药物组合物可通过均匀混合用作活性组分的有效量的式(I)化合物和/或其药学上可接受的盐与药学上可接受的载体制备。例如,如果需要口服给药,该药物组合物优选制备成适合于口服给药的单位剂量形式。
为制备用于口服给药的本发明的药物组合物,可使用任何有用的药学上可接受的载体。即,具体的药学上可接受的载体不是关键的。事实上,对用于制备本发明的组合物的物质的唯一限制是物质应是药物纯和在使用量时为无毒的。例如用于口服给药的液体制剂,例如悬浮液和糖浆可使用水、糖,例如蔗糖、山梨糖醇和果糖、二醇,例如聚乙二醇和丙二醇,油,例如芝麻油、橄榄油和大豆油,防腐剂,例如对羟基苯甲酸、香料,例如草霉香料和薄荷等。粉末、丸剂、胶囊和片剂可使用赋形剂,例如乳糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖和甘露糖醇、崩解剂,例如淀粉和藻酸钠,润滑剂,例如硬脂酸镁和滑石,粘结剂,例如聚乙烯基醇、羟基丙基纤维素和明胶,表面活性剂,例如脂肪酸酯、增塑剂,例如甘油等。由于给药的准备,片剂和胶囊将是最有用的口服剂量单位,为制备片剂和胶囊,优选使用固体药物载体。
式(I)化合物可例如与惰性稀释剂和可食用载体一起口服给药。它们可封闭在明胶胶囊中或压制成片剂。对用于口服治疗给药,化合物可与赋形剂混合,以片剂、锭剂、酏剂、悬浮液、糖浆、水、咀嚼胶等形式使用。这些制剂应优选含有按重量计至少0.5%的式(I)化合物,但可根据具体形式在约0.05%-约10%之间,更优选在按重量计0.1%-约5%之间变化。在该组合物中式(I)化合物的数量使得将获得合适剂量。
片剂、丸剂、胶囊、锭剂等还可含有如下成分:粘结剂,例如微晶纤维素、黄芪胶或明胶;赋形剂,例如淀粉或乳糖;崩解剂,例如藻酸、Primogel、玉米淀粉等;润滑剂,例如硬脂酸镁或Sterotes;glidant,例如胶体二氧化硅;增甜剂,例如蔗糖、糖精或天冬甜素;或香味剂,例如薄荷、水杨酸甲酯,或香料,例如橙味香料。当剂量单位形式是胶囊时,除式(I)化合物之外,它还可含有液体载体,例如脂肪油。
其它剂量单位形式还可包含改性剂量单位的物理形式的其它物质,例如涂层。因此,片剂或丸剂可用糖、虫胶或其它肠溶衣试剂涂覆。除活性化合物之外,糖浆可含有蔗糖作为增甜剂和防腐剂、染料、色素和香料。对于肠胃外治疗给药,式(I)化合物可与溶液或悬浮液混合,这些制剂优选将含有至少0.05%上述化合物,但可以0.01%-0.4%,最优选在0.8%-0.1%之间变化。在该组合物中活性化合物的数量使得将得到合适的剂量。
可注射的制剂可使用载体,例如稀释的水、盐溶液、葡萄糖溶液或盐溶液的混合物、悬浮液或分散液,根据常规方法使用合适增溶剂或分散剂。式(I)化合物的溶液或悬浮液还可包括如下组分:无菌稀释剂,例如用于注射的水、盐水溶液、脂肪油、聚乙二醇、甘油、丙二醇或其它合成溶剂;杀菌剂,例如苄醇或对羟基苯甲酸甲酯;抗氧化剂,例如抗坏血酸或亚硫酸氢钠;螯合剂,例如乙二胺四乙酸;缓冲剂,例如乙酸盐、柠檬酸盐或磷酸盐和用于调节紧张性的药物,例如氯化钠或葡萄糖。肠胃外制剂可包括在由玻璃或塑料制成的安瓶、一次性注射器或多剂量试管中。
式(I)化合物还可通过吸收以气溶胶、细粉末或喷雾溶液形式给药。在气溶胶给药的情况下,本发明的化合物溶解在合适药学上可接受的溶剂,例如乙醇或互溶溶剂的混合物中,得到的溶液与药学上可接受的推进剂混合。用于液体制剂的商业可获得的喷雾器,包括喷射喷雾器或超声喷雾器可用于该给药。液体制剂或直接喷雾,和冻干粉末可在重新构成后喷雾。对于通常吸入给药,拮抗剂方便地以气溶胶喷雾形式由加压包装或喷雾器输送。化合物还可作为配制的粉末输送,粉末组合物可借助于吹入粉末吸入器装置吸入。
有效剂量和给药制度根据给药方式、患者的年龄、体重和症状等变化,然而,通常式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐以6-800mg,优选12-约400mg,更优选18-160mg的日剂量给药。
根据如下实施例,本发明的其它特征将变得明显,给出实施例用于发明的举例说明,不用于对其进行限制。
实施例1
实施例说明如下将本发明的化合物加入药物组合物中。
用于吸入的气溶胶
活性物质“Miglyol”(注册商标)“Frigen”(注册商标)11/12/113/114 | 1.50g0.02g至100.0g |
“Frigen”用于表示卤代烃,“Frigen”114是1,2-二氯-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷,“Frigen”113是1,1-二氟-2,2-二氯三氟三氯乙烷,“Frigen”11是三氯单氟甲烷和“Frigen”12是二氯二氟甲烷。“Miglyol”表示饱和植物油的三甘油酯,或其中活性物质与乳糖混合的散剂气溶胶。
片剂
活性物质玉米淀粉乳糖明胶滑石硬脂酸镁 | 20.0mg25.0mg190.0mg1.5mg12.0mg1.5mg350.0mg |
悬浮液
活性物质抗坏血酸基棕榈酸盐悬浮液基料(ImhausenH) | 50.0mg1.0mg至2000.0mg |
注射溶液
活性物质氢氧化钠嘌呤硫酸钠依地酸二钠氯化钠用于注射的无菌水 | 2.000mg0.310mg0.500mg0.100mg8.500mg至1.00g |
实施例2
该实施例比较其中R是吡咯烷基的式(I)化合物对不同腺苷受体的功效和选择性与茶碱、DPSPX(1,3-二丙基-8-对磺基苯基黄嘌呤)和恩丙茶碱的功效和选择性。
拮抗剂功效(K1或KB,μM)
化合物 | A1受体 | A2A受体 | A2B受体 | A3受体 |
茶碱 | 8.51(r) | 252(r) | 53(h) | >1009(r) |
DPSPX | 0.141(r) | 0.792(r) | 0.143(h) | >1009(r) |
恩丙茶碱 | 1564(h) | 325(h) | 73.6(h) | 5610(h) |
式(I) | 317(h) | 208(h) | 0.5253(h) | 5311(h) |
1.大鼠脑膜结合的[3H]PIA置换。(参见A.S.Rovena等,Drug Dev.Res.39:243-252(1996)和Ukena等,Rebs Letters 209:122-128(1986))。
2.大鼠纹状体膜结合的[3H]CGS 21680置换。(参见I.Hide等,Mol.Pharmacol.41:352-359(1992))。
3.在HEL细胞中NECA刺激的cAmp的抑制。(参见I.Feoktistov和I.Biaggioni.Mol Pharmacol.43:909-914(1993))。
4.用人A1转染的HEK-293细胞的膜[3H]DPCPX置换。(参见J.Linden等,Life science.62:1519-1542(1998))
5.用人A2A转染的HEK-293细胞的膜[3H]CGS21680置换。(参见A.S.Rovena等,Drug Dev.Res.39:243-252(1996))。
6.用人A2A转染的HEK-293细胞的膜[3H]1,3-二乙基-8-苯基黄嘌呤的置换。(参见A.S.Rovena等,Drug Dev.Res.39:243-252(1996))。
7.用人A1转染的CHO细胞的膜[3H]DPCPX置换。(参见K.N.Klotz等,N-S Arch.Pharmacol.357:1-9(1998))
8.在HMC-1细胞中CGS 21680刺激的cAmp的抑制。(参见I.Feoktistov和I.Biaggioni.Biochem.Pharmacol.44:627-633(1998))。
9.用大鼠A3转染的CHO细胞的膜[125I]APNEA置换。(参见P.J.vanGalen等,Mol.Pharmacol.45:1101-1111(1994))。
10.用人A3转染的HEK-293细胞的膜[125I]ABA置换。(参见J.A.Auchampach,等,Mol.Pharmacol.52:846-850(1997))。
11.用人A3转染的CHO细胞的膜[3H]NECA置换。(参见K.N.Klotz等,N-S Arch.Pharmacol.357:1-9(1998))。
由上述可以看出,其中R是吡咯烷基的式(I)化合物具有比恩丙茶碱高得多的功效,例如与A2A和A1是40-60-倍选择性的。
在本申请中提到的所有引用的专利和出版物列为本文参考文献。
已描述了本发明,显然的是同样以可许多方式变化。该变化不违背本发明的精神和范围,所述该改性以本领域技术人员是显然的,包括在如下权利要求书的范围内。
Claims (21)
2、权利要求1的化合物,其中R是C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二烷基氨基、哌啶子基、哌嗪基、吡咯啉基、吡咯烷基、吗啉代或氨基环己基衍生物。
3、权利要求1的化合物,其中R是吡咯烷基。
4、药物组合物,含有式(I)化合物和药学上可接受的载体。
5、拮抗A2B受体的方法,其包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的权利要求1的化合物。
6、治疗哮喘的方法,包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的权利要求1的化合物。
7、治疗腹泻的方法,包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的权利要求1的化合物。
8、调节平滑肌紧张、细胞生长、血管生长、肠功能和神经分泌的至少一种的方法,包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的权利要求1的化合物。
9、治疗炎性胃肠道疾病的方法,包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的权利要求1的化合物。
10、治疗早老性痴呆、帕金森疾病、痴呆、抑郁或外伤脑损伤的方法,包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的权利要求1的化合物。
11、治疗炎性疾病的方法,包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的权利要求1的化合物。
12、治疗疾病的方法,所述疾病选自哮喘、多发性硬化、脓毒病、败血症性休克、内毒素性休克、革兰氏阴性休克、毒性休克、出血性休克、成人呼吸窘迫综合症、TNF增强的HIV复制和AZT和DDI活性的TNF抑制、器官移植排斥、恶病质继发性癌症、HIV、骨质疏松、子宫内膜异位引起的不育症、脑型疟、细菌性脑膜炎、两性霉素B治疗引起的不良效果、白介素-2治疗引起的不良效果、OKT3治疗引起的不良效果和GM-CSF治疗引起的不良效果,包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的权利要求1的化合物。
13、权利要求6的方法,其中所述化合物与惰性载体混合形成片剂,口服给药。
14、权利要求6的方法,其中所述化合物与推进剂和溶剂混合,通过吸入装置给药。
15、权利要求6的方法,其中所述化合物与药学上可接受的载体混合,注射到所述哺乳动物中。
16、权利要求7的方法,其中所述化合物与惰性载体混合形成片剂,口服给药。
17、权利要求7的方法,其中所述化合物与推进剂和溶剂混合,通过吸入装置给药。
18、权利要求7的方法,其中所述化合物与药学上可接受的载体混合,注射到所述哺乳动物中。
19、调控人体肥大细胞功能的方法,包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的权利要求1的化合物。
20、治疗心脏疾病的方法,包括向需要的哺乳动物给药有效量的权利要求1的化合物。
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AU8034800A (en) | 2001-03-26 |
HK1049835B (zh) | 2005-04-08 |
DE60001969T2 (de) | 2004-02-05 |
NO20020979L (no) | 2002-04-26 |
KR20020041419A (ko) | 2002-06-01 |
ATE236160T1 (de) | 2003-04-15 |
JP2003508398A (ja) | 2003-03-04 |
IL148366A0 (en) | 2002-09-12 |
EP1208100A1 (en) | 2002-05-29 |
HK1049835A1 (en) | 2003-05-30 |
BR0013673A (pt) | 2002-05-28 |
AR029178A1 (es) | 2003-06-18 |
TR200201132T2 (tr) | 2002-08-21 |
NO328489B1 (no) | 2010-03-01 |
NZ517546A (en) | 2003-10-31 |
PT1208100E (pt) | 2003-07-31 |
NO20020979D0 (no) | 2002-02-27 |
EP1208100B1 (en) | 2003-04-02 |
KR100502757B1 (ko) | 2005-07-22 |
MXPA02002262A (es) | 2002-09-30 |
DE60001969D1 (de) | 2003-05-08 |
CN1178940C (zh) | 2004-12-08 |
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