CN1328342C - 含有聚亚芳基硫化物和硅橡胶的复合型材部件 - Google Patents
含有聚亚芳基硫化物和硅橡胶的复合型材部件 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明说明了一种含有至少一种聚亚芳基硫化物和至少一种单组分或多组分硅橡胶的复合型材部件。本发明还说明了一种用于制备复合型材部件的工艺,其中成型在一步工艺中进行。本发明最后说明了复合型材部件在用作外壳,例如泵外壳或共振器方面的应用。
Description
本发明涉及一种含有至少一种聚亚芳基硫化物和至少一种弹性体的复合型材部件。
聚亚芳基硫化物具有高至240℃的持续的使用温度。聚亚芳基硫化物阻燃且具有抗氧化能力。聚亚芳基硫化物具有高硬度和高刚性。吸水性低。蠕变行为即使在高温下也低。聚亚芳基硫化物基于上述性能特别适用于制备具有优良机械性能和热稳定性的型材。聚亚芳基硫化物的特征为,耐化学性,耐热性以及刚性。
由聚亚芳基硫化物构成的型材的高表面硬度和聚亚芳基硫化物的低滑动摩擦系数会导致平放物体的滑落,限制了由聚亚芳基硫化物构成的开关元件和操作元件的操作安全性。
已知一种工艺,其分别制备密封和阻尼元件,然后通常在附加的加工步骤中机械固定,这引起了附加的劳动和巨大的附加成本。
已知通过向未交联的硅橡胶混合物中掺入的一种或多种添加剂来改善加成交联的硅酮弹性体的粘附力。在US-A-4,087,585中,通过加入两种添加剂,一种带有至少一种SiOH基的短链聚硅氧烷,一种含有至少一种环氧基和一种Si键接的烷氧基的硅烷,实现对铝具有良好的粘附力。
在EP-A-0 326 712中,借助由(a)一种含有至少一个醇OH基和至少一个亚烷基的无硅化合物与(b)一种含有至少一个烷氧基和至少一个环氧基的有机硅烷构成的混合物或生成的反应产物,实现了对不同塑料改善的粘附力,但是这里必须在120℃下反应相当长的时间(1小时)。长的反应时间经常是由同时起抑制作用的粘附添加剂引起的。
根据EP-A-0 503 975,这种添加剂的抑制作用即使通过选择最佳的SiH/SiVi的比值,也只能得以有限地改善。对铝基底的粘附力仅在2小时(100℃测试)的较长的硫化时间后才得到改善。通过升温尽可能缩短反应时间,特别对于许多的塑料基底,由于缺乏耐热性而不能进行。
EP-A-0 493 791介绍将已经熟知的粘附促进剂(增粘剂)与四价锆化合物一起使用,以实现硅橡胶与PPS之间的复合。
US 5 360 858中,介绍了使用烷氧基甲硅烷基化合物,与有机锌化合物结合作为粘附促进剂,但其中使用无填料的硅酮混合物。这里根据定性判断实现了对PPS的复合。
由EP-A-0 710 539已知,一种由聚缩醛和直接成型的功能元件组合而成的型材部件。功能元件由含有部分或完全氢化的腈橡胶,单组分或多组分硅橡胶或含硫的橡胶的一种或多种弹性体组成。
由EP-A-0 875 536已知加成交联的硅橡胶和一种用于制备复合型材部件的工艺。这里作为基底使用PA和PBT。
通常在一种工程高分子,如聚亚芳基硫化物和一种弹性体之间制备复合型材部件时,这种工程高分子或者通过用底剂的表面处理进行预处理,或者在喷射浇铸的情况下通过电晕,低压,等离子体处理或电火花处理来预处理。两种方法,预处理以及粘附改性都要求投资和劳动消耗。
本发明的主题在于,在制备时无需对聚亚芳基硫化物进行昂贵的预处理的情况下,提供一种由聚亚芳基硫化物和硅酮弹性体生成的复合型材部件,其中聚亚芳基硫化物和硅酮弹性体之间的粘附强度得到改善。
本主题是通过一种含有至少一种聚亚芳基硫化物和至少一种单组分或多组分硅橡胶的复合型材部件来解决,如EP-A-0 875 536或US-5998 515中所介绍。
聚亚芳基硫化物可以由双卤代芳香族化合物来制备。优选的双卤代芳香族化合物有对二氯苯,间二氯苯,2,5-二氯甲苯,对二溴苯,1,4-二氯代萘,1-甲氧基-2,5-二氯苯,4,4’-二氯联二苯,3,5-二氯苯甲酸,4,4’-二氯二苯基醚,4,4’-二氯二苯基砜,4,4’-二氯二苯基亚砜和4,4’-二氯二苯酮。
聚亚芳基硫化物如EP-A-0 259 984中所述,在两步用于预聚和主聚合的聚合工艺中得到,其中双卤代芳香族化合物与碱金属硫化物在一种对质子惰性的有机极性溶剂中聚合为聚亚芳基硫化物。
按本发明,优选使用聚亚苯基硫化物作为聚亚芳基硫化物,来制备复合型材部件。聚亚苯基硫化物(PPS),是一种通式如下的线性的部分结晶的聚合物:
其中n>1,
基于很好的耐化学物质的性能,也由聚亚苯基硫化物制备外壳。聚亚苯基硫化物具有低的机械阻尼因子,这在一此应用情况下需要使用软阻尼元件。此外在由聚亚苯基硫化物构成型材部件时,经常要求在结合点处进行密封。
目前发现,如EP-A-0 875 536或US-5 998 515中所述,硅橡胶对型材部件的聚亚苯基硫化物具有很好的粘接强度,而不用对聚亚苯基硫化物进行粘接改性或在喷射浇铸后进行预处理。
具有至少一种含有至少2个SiH基的氢硅氧烷和一种含有至少一个烷氧基的烷氧基硅烷或烷氧基硅氧烷,以及可能的一种过氧化物的加成交联的混合物,具有对基底的良好的粘附力和很低的反应性。这种混合物可以不用大量添加剂组分而进行加工。
加成交联的硅橡胶混合物含有
(a)100份至少一种含有至少2个烯基,粘度为0.01-30,000Pas的含烯基的线性或支化的有机聚硅氧烷,
(b)至少一种每个分子含有至少2个SiH官能团的氢硅氧烷,其用量为使得SiH基对Si键接的烯基的总量的摩尔比至少为1.5,
(c)至少一种Pt或Rh催化剂,也可能加入一种阻聚剂,
(d)0.1-10份至少一种含有至少一个环氧基的烷氧基硅烷和/或含有至少一个环氧基的烷氧基硅氧烷或如EP 902059,US 3730932和US 5998515中所述的硅烷,以及可能加入
(e)0-200,优选5-200份至少一种,可能表面改性的填料和可能加入
(f)其他助剂,如用于自润滑混合物的苯基硅油或染料膏,如含有10-70wt%颜料的硅油以及
(g)可能加入的过氧化物。
概念有机聚硅氧烷(a)包括所有目前为止在可交联的有机聚硅氧烷物料中使用的聚硅氧烷。优选(a)为由通式(I)的单元构成的硅氧烷
(R1)a(R2)bSiO(4-a-b)/2 (I),
其中
R1含有1-8个碳原子的一价脂肪族基团,优选指甲基和
R2含有2-8个碳原子的烯基基团,优选指乙烯基,
a=0,1,2或3,
b=0,1或2,
且总和a+b=0,1,2或3,而且要求每个分子平均含有至少两个基团R2。优选(a)是以二甲基乙烯基硅氧烷封端的。这里按份数的数据都是基于重量份数。有机聚硅氧烷(a)优选具有的粘度为0.01-200Pas,更优选0.2-200Pas。此粘度按照DIN 53 019,在20℃下测定。
受制备工艺的制约,特别是对于也可能是在溶剂中溶解的固体树脂(固体树脂份额为10-80wt%)的支化的聚合物,仍含有占所有Si原子总数的最多10mol%具有烷氧基或OH基。氢硅氧烷(b)优选为由通式(II)的单元构成的线性,环状或支化有机聚硅氧烷,
(R3)c(H)dSiO(4-c-d)/2 (II),
其中
R3含有1-8个碳原子的一价脂肪族基团,优选指甲基,
c=0,1,2或3,
d=0,1或2,
其中总和c+d=0,1,2或3,而且要求有平均至少20个Si键接的氢原子。
氢硅氧烷(b)优选具有的粘度为0.01-5Pas。氢硅氧烷(b)还可以额外含有其SiH基数x为2<x<20的有机聚硅氧烷。
用于交联反应的催化剂(c)优选为含有烯基硅氧烷作为配体的Pt(O)配合物,催化用量为1-100ppm。阻聚剂是所有目前为止用于此目的的常用化合物,例如烷基醇或乙烯基硅氧烷,用量为50-10,000ppm。
作为含有至少一个环氧基的烷氧基硅烷或烷氧基硅氧烷(d),优选其烷氧基官能团中含有最多5个C原子的那些,用量为0.1-10份,基于所有组分的总和,参见EP-A-0 691 364。
按本发明还设计一种复合型材部件,其中硅橡胶是加成交联的硅橡胶混合物,含有
(a)100份至少一种含有至少2个烯基,粘度为0.01-30,000Pas的含烯基的线性或支化的有机聚硅氧烷,
(b)至少一种每个分子含有至少2个SiH官能团的氢硅氧烷,其用量为使得SiH基对Si键接的烯基的总量的摩尔比至少为1.5,
(c)至少一种Pt或Rh催化剂,和也可能加入一种阻聚剂,
(d)0.1-10份至少一种含有至少一个环氧基的烷氧基硅烷和/或含有至少一个环氧基的烷氧基硅氧烷,以及可能加入,
(e)0-200,优选5-200份至少一种,可能表面改性的填料和可能加入,
(f)其他助剂,如用于自润滑混合物的苯基硅油或染料膏,如含有10-70wt%颜料的硅油以及
(g)可能加入的过氧化物。
填料(e)优选增强填料,例如也可能进行表面处理的BET表面积为50-400m2/g的火成或沉淀硅酸,用量优选10-50份,和/或增量填料,例如石英粉,硅藻土。填料的表面处理也可以原位通过加入硅氮烷,例如六甲基硅氮烷和/或二乙烯基四甲基二硅氮烷以及乙烯基烷氧基硅烷,例如乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和水或其他常用的填料处理剂,例如烷氧基硅烷或硅氧烷二醇来进行。
这种混合物可以含有其他助剂(f),例如提供自润滑硫化橡胶的苯基硅酮,例如由二甲基甲硅烷氧基和二苯基甲硅烷氧基或甲基苯基甲硅烷氧基生成的共聚物,以及含有甲基苯基甲硅烷氧基的,粘度优选为0.1-10Pas的聚硅氧烷,或染料膏。助剂的用量优选为0-10,更优选0.05-10重量份数。
硅橡胶混合物可以额外含有至少一种过氧化物(g),用量为0.1-2份,基于总混合物。作为过氧化物(g),优选芳酰基过氧化物。过氧化物的用量优选为0-1wt%,更优选0.1-0.5wt%。
这种复合型材部件是密封和/或阻尼元件和用于改善防滑性能的范围,例如啮合凹槽。
由聚亚苯基硫化物和硅酮弹性体构成的复合型材部件优选在一步工艺中通过嵌入技术或在多组分喷射浇铸工艺中或通过共挤出,浇铸,砑光等来制备。
通过使用上述硅酮弹性体,密封或阻尼元件可以直接成型在聚亚苯基硫化物构成的型材部件上,不需要进一步的安装步骤。通过取消目前为止必需的用于安装功能元件的加工步骤,达到了明显节省在按本发明的复合型材部件的生产和在其安装时的成本。
按本发明的复合型材部件的应用领域例如汽车制造中的外壳,例如共振器,阀门盖,阀门活塞,空气计量仪或卫生保健部件。
作为工程高分子,除了聚亚芳基硫化物以外,在本发明的意义上合适的还有聚亚苯基砜或聚亚苯基亚砜。
本发明根据实施例进一步阐述。粘附强度根据DIN 53 289或者对型材部件定性测定,或经剥落力定量测定。
实施例
实施例1
由聚亚苯基硫化物Fortron1140 L4构成的板放在模具中。把硅橡胶混合物LIM9070涂敷在板上。然后,将模具加热到175℃,在压床中将外壳压15min。测得有差的粘接粘附力。
实施例1a
由聚亚苯基硫化物Fortron4332 L6构成的板放在模具中。把硅橡胶混合物LIM9070涂敷在板上。然后,将模具加热到175℃,在压床中将外壳压15min。测得有差的粘接粘附力。
实施例2
由聚亚苯基硫化物Fortron1140 L4构成的板放在模具中。把硅橡胶混合物LSR2040+2%VP AI 3662涂敷在板上。然后,将模具加热到175℃,在压床中将外壳压15min。测得内聚粘附力。
实施例2a
由聚亚苯基硫化物Fortron4332 L6构成的板放在模具中。把硅橡胶混合物LSR2040+2%VP AI 3662涂敷在板上。然后,将模具加热到175℃,在压床中将外壳压15min。得有内聚粘附力。
实施例3
将由聚亚苯基硫化物Fortron1140 L4构成的板(2个试样)预热至150℃,放在模具中。把硅橡胶混合物LIM9070涂敷在板上。然后,将模具加热到175℃,在压床中将外壳压10min。根据DIN53 289测得剥落力为1.7N/mm。
实施例3a
将由聚亚苯基硫化物Fortron4332 L6构成的板(2个试样)预热至150℃,放在模具中。把硅橡胶混合物LIM9070涂敷在板上。然后,将模具加热到175℃,在压床中将外壳压10min。根据DIN53 289测得剥落力为2.2N/mm。
实施例4
将由聚亚苯基硫化物Fortron1140 L4构成的板(2个试样)放在模具中。把硅橡胶混合物LSR2040+2%VP AI 3662涂敷在板上。然后,将模具加热到175℃,在压床中将外壳压10min。根据DIN53 289测得剥落力为4.3N/mm。
实施例4a
将由聚亚苯基硫化物Fortron4332 L6构成的板(2个试样)放在模具中。把硅橡胶混合物LSR2040+2%VP AI 3662涂敷在板上。然后,将模具加热到175℃,在压床中将外壳压10min。根据DIN53 289测得剥落力为3.3N/mm。
在带有转盘模具的喷射浇铸机器上,其中在第一步制备聚亚苯基型材部件,在第二步与另一个聚亚苯基型材部件的制备的同时,可以将硅酮密封件喷射到第一个型材部件上,复合型材部件由下面的实施例来制备(模具温度150℃)。
实施例5
作为聚亚苯基硫化物使用Fortron1140 L4,作为硅橡胶使用LIM9070。测得有内聚粘附力。
实施例6
作为聚亚苯基硫化物使用Fortron1140 L4,作为硅橡胶使用LSR2040+2%VP AI 3662。测得有内聚粘附力。
Claims (12)
1.一种制备复合型材部件的工艺,包括在模具中将至少一种加成交联的硅橡胶混合物涂覆到至少一个聚亚芳基硫化物基底上,然后加热和压制,其中硅橡胶以包含下列组分的混合物涂覆:
(a)100重量份至少一种含有至少2个烯基,粘度为0.01-30,000Pas的含烯基的线性或支化的有机聚硅氧烷,
(b)至少一种每个分子含有至少2个SiH官能团的氢硅氧烷,其用量为使得SiH基对Si键接的烯基的总量的摩尔比至少为1.5,
(c)至少一种Pt或Rh催化剂和非必要的一种阻聚剂,
(d)0.1-10重量份至少一种含有至少一个环氧基的烷氧基硅烷和/或含有至少一个环氧基的烷氧基硅氧烷,以及非必要的,
(e)0-200重量份至少一种,可能表面改性的填料和非必要的
(f)其他助剂,以及
(g)非必要的过氧化物。
2.权利要求1的工艺,其中所述助剂包括用于自润滑混合物的苯基硅油或染料膏。
3.权利要求2的工艺,其中所述染料膏包括含有10-70wt%颜料的硅油。
4.权利要求1的工艺,包括一个通过嵌入技术的一步工艺。
5.权利要求1的工艺,包括一种多组分喷射浇铸工艺。
6.权利要求1-5之一的工艺,其中聚亚芳基硫化物是聚亚苯基硫化物。
7.按权利要求1-6之一的工艺制备的复合型材部件。
8.按权利要求7的复合型材部件在作为外壳方面的应用。
9.权利要求8的应用,其中所述外壳是泵外壳或共振器。
10.按权利要求7的复合型材部件在制备防滑操作元件方面的应用。
11.权利要求10的应用,其中所述防滑操作元件是铸模头或柄。
12.按权利要求7的复合型材部件在制备曲柄密封件,空气流量仪,换热器方面或在卫生保健范围内的应用。
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CN107109060A (zh) * | 2014-12-12 | 2017-08-29 | Dic株式会社 | 聚芳硫醚树脂组合物、成形品、复合成形品及复合成形品的制造方法 |
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EP1290098A1 (de) | 2003-03-12 |
US6875517B2 (en) | 2005-04-05 |
DE10025257A1 (de) | 2001-12-06 |
JP2003534438A (ja) | 2003-11-18 |
CN1437641A (zh) | 2003-08-20 |
AU2001274040A1 (en) | 2001-12-03 |
TW593600B (en) | 2004-06-21 |
WO2001090266A1 (de) | 2001-11-29 |
US20040028854A1 (en) | 2004-02-12 |
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