CN1324129C - Multiple strain microorganism ferment production method and its uses in cow fine fodder - Google Patents
Multiple strain microorganism ferment production method and its uses in cow fine fodder Download PDFInfo
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- CN1324129C CN1324129C CNB2004100376139A CN200410037613A CN1324129C CN 1324129 C CN1324129 C CN 1324129C CN B2004100376139 A CNB2004100376139 A CN B2004100376139A CN 200410037613 A CN200410037613 A CN 200410037613A CN 1324129 C CN1324129 C CN 1324129C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing multiple strain microorganism ferment, and an application of the multiple strain microorganism ferment to milk cow concentrated feed, which belongs to the field of microorganism fermentation in biological engineering. The present invention adopts multiple microorganism strains which are proportionally combined to be made into ferment, and a finished product is prepared by that raw materials and straw are mixed evenly and blended with activated ferment to be put in a container for fermentation. Feed prepared from the ferment of the present invention raises the daily average milk yield of a milk cow by 0.5 to 1Kg, and extends a lactation period. By using the feed, a postpartum milk cow recovers fast so as to turn into lactation peak time in advance, digestive absorption is rapid, and the propagation of enteropathogenic bacteria is restrained. The leaven has unique sour fragrance which promotes the appetite of the milk cow, so that the eating speed of the milk cow is increased, the residue of feed is avoided, and a feed conversion rate is raised by 15%. Analysis of the feed shows that crude protein is raised by 20% to 25%, coarse fibers are lowered by 10% to 15%, feed cost is greatly reduced, and the benefit of an enterprise is obvious. A product of the present invention can accord with the requirements of green feed and realize safe feeding.
Description
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of making method of many bacterial classifications microbial starter culture, belong to microbial fermentation field in the biotechnology.
Two, background technology:
At present, research and development for cow concentrated feed, only limit to corn, wheat bran, the mixing of grouts and fish meal, meat meal tankage, feather meal, the ratio of zein, or adding zymin, mineral element and antibiotic formulating, cause in the prescription energy to have a surplus, protein feed single amino acid mismatch, mineral substance, trace element and VITAMIN famine, so that cause the transformation efficiency of feed low, milk yield, the protein ratio of milk fat content is low, the cow rumen oxypathy, the Nutrition and Metabolism complications is higher, and milk cow three fat mortalities are high and utilize the time limit short, influenced the performance of milk cow production potential.And feed cost height.
Three, summary of the invention:
The purpose of invention is to provide a kind of resistance against diseases strong, obviously reduces cow rumen oxypathy and diarrhoea phenomenon, prolongs the lactation time, has improved the making method of the low many bacterial classifications microbial starter culture of dairy fat content and cost and the application in cow concentrated feed thereof.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Many bacterial classifications microbial starter culture making step is as follows:
Spawn culture: (1) former slant strains: 1) 8 kinds of bacteriums: dinitrogen cellulomonas cartae (Cellulomonasbiazotea); Produce yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis (Cellulomonas flavigena); Subtilis 10264 (Bacillus subtilis); Bacillus coagulans (Bacillus coagulans); Lactobacterium acidophilum (Lactobacillus acidophilus); Starch milk bacillus (Lactobacillus amylopHllus); Propionibacterium freudenreichii (propionibacterium freudenreichii), subtilis TQ13055 (Bacillus subtilis);
2) 3 primary yeast bacterium: Candida utilis (Candida utilis); Saccharomyces diastaticus (Saccharomyces diastaticus); Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae);
3) 3 kinds of moulds: Penicillium decumbens (Penicillium decumbens); Rhizopus oryzae (Rhizopusoryzae); Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger);
(2) purebred separation: get 1 ring from former slant strains and put into and killed bacterium and granulated glass sphere was housed and the triangular flask of 100ml water shakes up, with aseptic technique, get the plate that 1ml puts into sterilization and substratum is housed with aseptic straw, with aseptic glass slicker with bacterium liquid drawout, and with this scraper scrape second, third continuously, the 4th, the 5th identical plate is different dilutions and separates plate, put into 25-38 ℃ of insulation can and cultivate, the single bacterium colony that grows in the plate is inserted slant medium continue to put into after cultivation grows up to 4 ℃ of refrigerators preservations;
(3) liquid and slant culture: the dinitrogen cellulomonas cartae, produce the yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis, with straw powder substratum: straw 3-5%, boil added in 10 minutes yeast powder a little, natural pH;
Subtilis 10264, subtilis TQ13055, beef-protein medium: extractum carnis 0.5%, peptone 1%, sodium-chlor 0.5%, pH7.2-7.6, not adding agar is liquid nutrient medium, adding 1.5-2% agar is slant medium, use after 125 ℃ of sterilizations, the rest may be inferred;
Bacillus coagulans: yeast powder 0.8%, peptone 1%, glucose 0.7%, potassium primary phosphate 0.18%, sal epsom 0.11%, pH 7.0-7.2;
Propionibacterium freudenreichii: yeast powder 0.8%, peptone 1%, sucrose 1.5%, ammonium phosphate 0.4-0.6%, pH 6.8-7.0;
Lactobacterium acidophilum: skim-milk 10%, sugar 5%, natural pH, temperature: 38-39 ℃, cultivated 4-8 hour;
Starch milk bacillus: yeast extract paste 1%, peptone 1.0%, (NH
4)
2SO
40.5%, sucrose 2.0%, pH 7.2-7.4;
Fermention medium: dinitrogen cellulomonas cartae, product yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis: grass meal 2%, wheat bran 0.5%, yeast powder 0.5%; PH 7.2-7.4, temperature: 28-30 ℃, cultivated 20-22 hour;
Subtilis 10264 TQ13055: beef-protein medium: extractum carnis 0.5%, peptone 1%, sodium-chlor 0.5%, glucose 0.2%, pH 7.2-7.6; Temperature: 25-30 ℃, time: 22-24 hour;
Bacillus coagulans: yeast extract paste 1.0%, peptone 1.0%, glucose 0.6%, potassium primary phosphate 0.2%, manganous sulfate 0.1%, sal epsom 0.11%, pH 7.0; Temperature: 25-30 ℃, time 22-24 hour;
Propionibacterium freudenreichii: corn steep liquor 0.5%, glucose 0.2%, ammonium phosphate 0.02%, K
2HPO
40.08%, getting concentration is 0.1% CoCl
20.04ml, aquae destillata 100ml, pH 6.8-7.0, temperature: 25-30, time: 24-28 hour;
Lactobacterium acidophilum: peptone 1.0%, extractum carnis 1.0%, yeast extract paste 0.5%, glucose 2%, K
2HPO
40.2%, sodium-acetate 0.5%, disodium citrate 0.2%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.2%, MnSO
44H
2O 0.1%, milk powder 1%, tween 80 .1%, pH 6.0-6.5, temperature: 38-39 ℃, cultivated 4-8 hour;
Starch milk bacillus: Zulkovsky starch 2.0%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.05%, KNO
30.1%, FeSO
40.001%, NaCl 0.05%, K
2HPO
40.05%, 7.2-7.4, temperature: 25-30 ℃, time: 26-28 hour;
Yeast: Candida utilis, saccharomyces diastaticus slant medium: peptone 1.0%, yeast powder 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, pH 6.5 or natural pH;
The yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae slant medium: 5% corn hydrolyzed solution adds MgSO
47H
2O 0.3%, K
2HPO
40.15%, CaCO
30.5%, yeast powder 0.5%, pH 5-6, time: 24 hours;
Mould: Penicillium decumbens slant medium: potato 20%, sucrose 2%, K
2HPO
40.3%, MgSO
47H
2O0.15%, agar 2.0%, pH 6.0;
Fermention medium: NaNO
30.3%, KCl 0.05%, K
2HPO
40.1%, FeSO
40.001%, sucrose 3%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.05%, pH 6.7, time: 48-56 hour;
The same Penicillium decumbens of Rhizopus oryzae slant medium:
Rhizopus oryzae fermention medium: Vogel ' s mother liquor 4%, hemicellulose 1%, trace element 0.01%, temperature: 28-30, time: 2 days, micro-component: 2NHCl 5ml, FeSO
40.25g, MnSO
4H
2O 0.98g, ZnCl
20.83g, CoCl
21.0g, aquae destillata 100ml;
Aspergillus niger slant medium: NaNO
30.3%, KCl 0.05%, K
2HPO
40.1%, FeSO
40.001%, sucrose 3.0%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.05%, agar 2.0%, pH 6.7, time: 28-32 hour;
Fermention medium: Vogel ' s mother liquor 4%, Microcrystalline Cellulose 1%, trace element 0.01%, micro-component: 2NHCl 5ml, FeSO
40.25g, MnSO
4H
2O 0.98g, ZnCl
20.83g, CoCl
21.0g, aquae destillata 100ml, its same Rhizopus oryzae of filling a prescription;
(4) shake pipe: get an articulating and go into sterilization and be equipped with in the 10ml liquid nutrient medium test tube from long good slant strains, shaking table was cultivated 1-2 days under 25-38 ℃ of condition, except that Lactobacterium acidophilum, the static cultivation of propionibacterium freudenreichii;
(5) triangular flask is cultivated: pack into after the fermention medium 100-120ml sterilization with the 500ml triangular flask, pour in the triangular flask the good test tube that shakes training into 25-38 ℃ under spirit lamp and shake and trained 1-2 days;
(6) go up a jar enlarged culturing: after the fermention medium preparation, autoclaving 0.1MPa, time: 20-50 minute, be cooled to 30-38 ℃ and use aseptic technique, cultured triangular flask bacterial classification is inserted in the jar, inoculum size is 2-10%, under 25-38 ℃ of condition, ventilate or stuffy cultivation, ventilate and cultivate 8-12m
3/ h, tank pressure 0.01-0.08Mpa, incubation time 18-24 hour, stuffy need stirred once every 4-5 hour.
The proportioning of each bacterial classification: with cultured bacterium by 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: fit in the fermentation using bacteria agent at 1: 1, cultured yeast is pressed 1: 1: 0.5 synthetic yeast starter, cultured mould was made the mold fermentation agent by 1: 1: 1, three kinds of starters were pressed 0.5: 1: 1; 0.5: 2: 1; 0.5: 3: 1; 1: 0.5: 1; 1: 1: 1; 1: 2: 1; 1: 3: 1; 2: 0.5: 1; 2: 1: 1; Be made into the starter of different ratio bacterial classifications at 2: 3: 1 as the concentrated feed fermentation;
With farm crop corn 400-600Kg, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers cake 150-200Kg, calabash fiber crops cake 50-150Kg, soya-bean cake 50-150Kg, wheat bran 30-80Kg, straw powder 30-50Kg, mineral substance 20-50Kg, after the urea 2.5-10Kg raw material pulverizing, after 20 orders sieve, cooperation is mixed thoroughly, amount of water is 40-50%, added behind the water material moistening 1 hour, the raw material that profit is good adds the starter that 100L mixes by 1000Kg, the blending ratio of raw material and water is 1: 0.5-1, mix back pack fermentation, every packed 20-40kg, fermentation time: decide according to bacterial classification, spontaneous fermentation 4-7 in summer days, in sky 12-17 days spring and autumn, in 1-2 month winter, be finished product after the fermentation.
The present invention has following characteristics: 1, produce organic acid and be mainly lactic acid, participate in organism metabolism directly, energize; 2, noresidue, toxicological harmless, do not develop immunity to drugs; 3, prevent and treat diarrhoea; 4, reduce pH value in the enteron aisle, suppress the spoilage organism growth, the activator enzyme; 5, improve immunizing power and keep enteron aisle ecological steadily; 6, increase the output and the quality of milk; 7, improve the feed local flavor; 8, whet the appetite, improve food-intake.
The invention effect:
Many bacterial classifications microorganism species rolls up the cow rumen probiotic bacterium.Make microbial fermentation milk cow concentrated feed have fragrance, suitability is good, does not have obviously to reload the phase, to the not significantly influence of milk yield of milk cow.Milk cow physique obviously improves, and shows as milk cow hair color gloss, and ight soil is normal, the lactation stable yield of milk cow, and the milk production of cow of feeding through general feeds daily improves 0.5-1Kg, and helps prolonging lactation period.Promote milk cow to recover postpartum, general milk cow needs could recover more than the two weeks postpartum, and the milk cow of many bacterial classifications microbial fermentation milk cow concentrated feed of feeding only needed 3-8 days can recover physique, entered milk secreting period in advance.
Many bacterial classifications microbial fermentation milk cow concentrated feed has reached the standard of nuisanceless green feed.All need add additives such as hormone and microbiotic in the general feeds, in the long-term accumulation milk cow body, have a strong impact on the edible safety of ox, and has the beneficial bacteria of intestinal tract group in the organism of fermentation flora, without any side effects to milk cow, and can absorb by promoting digestion, suppress pathogen enterobacteria and grow, reach and give epidemic prevention and strengthen milk cow resistibility and effect.In feeding experiment, though do not add additives such as microbiotic at many bacterial classifications microbial fermentation milk cow concentrated feed, edible experimental group milk cow never sees bloated tripe, diarrhoea phenomenon in experiment periods.And bloated tripe of ox and symptom of diarrhea often appear in control group.Mazoitis is the common disease of milk cow, and this disease can obviously influence the milk yield of milk cow, and needs to use microbiotic, and mazoitis does not take place the experiment milk cow during many bacterial classifications microbial fermentation milk cow concentrated feed of feeding.So product of the present invention can reach the requirement of green feed, realize safe feeding.
The raising efficiency of feed utilization of saving food.In many bacterial classifications microbial fermentation milk cow concentrated feed, substitute the grain of 3%-5% with the straw powder, realized the purpose of joint grain, and fermented feed has unique sour fragrance and flavour, increase the appetite of milk cow, eating speed obviously improves, the time of searching for food has shortened to 3-10 minute, can all fermented feed of feeding foods are clean, do not have residual, improve efficiency of feed utilization 15%, reduce feed waste, and through feed is analyzed: crude protein improves 20%-25%, and robust fibre reduces 10%-15%, feed cost reduces greatly, and the performance of enterprises is obvious.
Many bacterial classifications microbial fermentation milk cow concentrated feed has tangible economic benefit:
(1) for the user, the price of at present general concentrated feed is at 0.6-0.8 unit/500 grams, and the cost of many bacterial classifications microbial fermentation milk cow concentrated feed of the identical energy of feeding is at 0.5 yuan/500 grams.The on average edible 10Kg ferment essence feed of every cow head every day can be saved cost 2-6 unit.And many bacterial classifications microbial fermentation milk cow concentrated feed of feeding, milk cow day volume increase 0.5-1Kg fresh milk, 274.5-509 unit increases income in year.Two add up in every cow heads the 1004.5-2179 unit that can increase income every year, and economic benefit is very obvious.
(2) to the producer, but by ten thousand yuan of 100 tons of yield meter extra earnings 2-6 every day, if by dropping into 1,000 ten thousand yuan, the payback period, with the most conservative calculating less than 2 years, benefit was more obvious.
Four, embodiment: (most preferred embodiment of the present invention)
The making step of starter is as follows:
Former slant strains → purebred separation → access inclined-plane → shake pipe cultivations → triangular flask enlarged culturing → go up jar cultivates → with 14 kinds of strain fermentation products by different mixed even → starter.
The making step of starter is as follows:
Many bacterial classifications microbial starter culture making step is as follows:
Spawn culture: (1) former slant strains: 1) 8 kinds of bacteriums: dinitrogen cellulomonas cartae (Cellulomonasbiazotea); Produce yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis (Cellulomonas flavigena); Subtilis 10264 (Bacillus subtilis); Bacillus coagulans (Bacillus coagulans); Lactobacterium acidophilum (Lactobacillus acidophilus); Starch milk bacillus (Lactobacillus amylopHllus); Propionibacterium freudenreichii (propionibacterium freudenreichii), subtilis TQ13055 (Bacillus subtilis);
2) 3 primary yeast bacterium: Candida utilis (Candida utilis); Saccharomyces diastaticus (Saccharomyces diastaticus); Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae);
3) 3 kinds of moulds: Penicillium decumbens (Penicillium decumbens); Rhizopus oryzae (Rhizopusoryzae); Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger);
(2) purebred separation: get 1 ring from former slant strains and put into and killed bacterium and granulated glass sphere was housed and the triangular flask of 100ml water shakes up, with aseptic technique, get the plate that 1ml puts into sterilization and substratum is housed with aseptic straw, with aseptic glass slicker with bacterium liquid drawout, and with this scraper scrape second, third continuously, the 4th, the 5th identical plate is different dilutions and separates plate, put into 25-38 ℃ of insulation can and cultivate, the single bacterium colony that grows in the plate is inserted slant medium continue to put into after cultivation grows up to 4 ℃ of refrigerators preservations;
(3) liquid and slant culture: the dinitrogen cellulomonas cartae, produce the yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis, with straw powder substratum: straw 3-5%, boil added in 10 minutes yeast powder a little, natural pH;
Subtilis 10264, subtilis TQ13055, beef-protein medium: extractum carnis 0.5%, peptone 1%, sodium-chlor 0.5%, pH7.2-7.6, not adding agar is liquid nutrient medium, adding 1.5-2% agar is slant medium, use after 125 ℃ of sterilizations, the rest may be inferred;
Bacillus coagulans: yeast powder 0.8%, peptone 1%, glucose 0.7%, potassium primary phosphate 0.18%, sal epsom 0.11%, pH 7.0-7.2;
Propionibacterium freudenreichii: yeast powder 0.8%, peptone 1%, sucrose 1.5%, ammonium phosphate 0.4-0.6%, pH 6.8-7.0;
Lactobacterium acidophilum: skim-milk 10%, sugar 5%, natural pH, temperature: 38-39 ℃, cultivated 4-8 hour;
Starch milk bacillus: yeast extract paste 1%, peptone 1.0%, (NH
4)
2SO
40.5%, sucrose 2.0%, pH 7.2-7.4;
Fermention medium: dinitrogen cellulomonas cartae, product yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis: grass meal 2%, wheat bran 0.5%, yeast powder 0.5%; PH 7.2-7.4, temperature: 28-30 ℃, cultivated 20-22 hour;
Subtilis 10264 TQ13055: beef-protein medium: extractum carnis 0.5%, peptone 1%, sodium-chlor 0.5%, glucose 0.2%, pH 7.2-7.6; Temperature: 25-30 ℃, time: 22-24 hour;
Bacillus coagulans: yeast extract paste 1.0%, peptone 1.0%, glucose 0.6%, potassium primary phosphate 0.2%, manganous sulfate 0.1%, sal epsom 0.11%, pH 7.0; Temperature: 25-30 ℃, time 22-24 hour;
Propionibacterium freudenreichii: corn steep liquor 0.5%, glucose 0.2%, ammonium phosphate 0.02%, K
2HPO
40.08%, getting concentration is 0.1% CoCl
20.04ml, aquae destillata 100ml, pH 6.8-7.0, temperature: 25-30, time: 24-28 hour;
Lactobacterium acidophilum: peptone 1.0%, extractum carnis 1.0%, yeast extract paste 0.5%, glucose 2%, K
2HPO
40.2%, sodium-acetate 0.5%, disodium citrate 0.2%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.2%, MnSO
44H
2O 0.1%, milk powder 1%, tween 80 .1%, pH 6.0-6.5, temperature: 38-39 ℃, cultivated 4-8 hour;
Starch milk bacillus: Zulkovsky starch 2.0%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.05%, KNO
30.1%, FeSO
40.001%, NaCl 0.05%, K
2HPO
40.05%, 7.2-7.4, temperature: 25-30 ℃, time: 26-28 hour;
Yeast: Candida utilis, saccharomyces diastaticus slant medium: peptone 1.0%, yeast powder 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, pH 6.5 or natural pH;
The yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae slant medium: 5% corn hydrolyzed solution adds MgSO
47H
2O 0.3%, K
2HPO
40.15%, CaCO
30.5%, yeast powder 0.5%, pH 5-6, time: 24 hours;
Mould: Penicillium decumbens slant medium: potato 20%, sucrose 2%, K
2HPO
40.3%, MgSO
47H
2O0.15%, agar 2.0%, pH 6.0;
Fermention medium: NaNO
30.3%, KCl 0.05%, K
2HPO
40.1%, FeSO
40.001%, sucrose 3%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.05%, pH 6.7, time: 48-56 hour;
The same Penicillium decumbens of Rhizopus oryzae slant medium:
Rhizopus oryzae fermention medium: Vogel ' s mother liquor 4%, hemicellulose 1%, trace element 0.01%, temperature: 28-30, time: 2 days, micro-component: 2NHCl 5ml, FeSO
40.25g, MnSO
4H
2O 0.98g, ZnCl
20.83g, CoCl
21.0g, aquae destillata 100ml;
Aspergillus niger slant medium: NaNO
30.3%, KCl 0.05%, K
2HPO
40.1%, FeSO
40.001%, sucrose 3.0%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.05%, agar 2.0%, pH 6.7, time: 28-32 hour;
Fermention medium: Vogel ' s mother liquor 4%, Microcrystalline Cellulose 1%, trace element 0.01%, micro-component: 2NHCl 5ml, FeSO
40.25g, MnSO
4H
2O 0.98g, ZnCl
20.83g, CoCl
21.0g, aquae destillata 100ml, its same Rhizopus oryzae of filling a prescription;
(4) shake pipe: get an articulating and go into sterilization and be equipped with in the 10ml liquid nutrient medium test tube from long good slant strains, shaking table was cultivated 1-2 days under 25-38 ℃ of condition, except that Lactobacterium acidophilum, the static cultivation of propionibacterium freudenreichii;
(5) triangular flask is cultivated: pack into after the fermention medium 100-120ml sterilization with the 500ml triangular flask, pour in the triangular flask the good test tube that shakes training into 25-38 ℃ under spirit lamp and shake and trained 1-2 days;
(6) go up a jar enlarged culturing: after the fermention medium preparation, autoclaving 0.1MPa, time: 20-50 minute, be cooled to 30-38 ℃ and use aseptic technique, cultured triangular flask bacterial classification is inserted in the jar, inoculum size is 2-10%, under 25-38 ℃ of condition, ventilate or stuffy cultivation, ventilate and cultivate 8-12m
3/ h, tank pressure 0.01-0.08Mpa, incubation time 18-24 hour, stuffy need stirred once every 4-5 hour.
The proportioning of each bacterial classification: with cultured bacterium by 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: fit in the fermentation using bacteria agent at 1: 1, cultured yeast is pressed 1: 1: 0.5 synthetic yeast starter, cultured mould was made the mold fermentation agent by 1: 1: 1, three kinds of starters were pressed 0.5: 1: 1; 0.5: 2: 1; 0.5: 3: 1; 1: 0.5: 1; 1: 1: 1; 1: 2: 1; 1: 3: 1; 2: 0.5: 1; 2: 1: 1; Be made into the starter of different ratio bacterial classifications at 2: 3: 1 as the concentrated feed fermentation.
Embodiment one: produce the making method of many bacterial classifications of 1000kg microbial starter culture and the application in cow concentrated feed thereof: farm crop corn 410Kg, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers cake 160Kg, calabash fiber crops cake 135Kg, soya-bean cake 130Kg, wheat bran 70Kg, straw powder 50Kg, mineral substance 40Kg (being comprised: CaCO
340-60%, CaHPO
4.2H
2O15-25%, NaCl20-30%, MgSO
4.7H
2O0.3-0.8%, Se20-70PPm, I1000-150PPm, Co20-30PPm, Mn0.05-0.15%), after the raw material pulverizing such as urea 5Kg, after 20 orders sieve, amount of water is that 100Kg added behind the water material moistening 1 hour, the raw material that profit is good adds the starter that 100L mixes by 1000Kg, the blending ratio of raw material and water is 1: 0.5-1, mix back pack fermentation, every packed 20-40kg, fermentation time: can decide according to bacterial classification, as using spontaneous fermentation 4-7 in summer days, in sky 12-17 days spring and autumn, in 1-2 month winter, be finished product after the fermentation.
The finished product proterties: color golden yellow or raw material primary colors have sour fragrance quality softness;
Concentrated feed fermentation back: crude protein 18-22%, robust fibre 6-12%, ash content 7-8%, moisture 45-50%, phosphorus 0.7-0.9%, calcium 1.15-1.30%;
Various enzyme content: cellulase: 98-105% unit/g, hemicellulase 18-21 unit/g, polygalacturonase 50-93 unit/g, proteinase 8 50-950 unit/g, dextran glycosides enzyme 60-70 unit/g.
Embodiment two: produce the making method of many bacterial classifications of 1000kg microbial starter culture and the application in cow concentrated feed thereof: farm crop corn 500Kg, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers cake 170Kg, calabash fiber crops cake 100Kg, soya-bean cake 100Kg, wheat bran 50Kg, straw powder 40Kg, mineral substance 32Kg (being comprised: CaCO
340-60%, CaHPO
4.2H
2O15-25%, NaCl20-30%, MgSO
4.7H
2O0.3-0.8%, Se 20-70PPm, I 100-150PPm, Co20-30PPm, Mn0.05-0.15%), after the raw material pulverizing such as urea 8Kg, after 20 orders sieve, amount of water is that 100Kg added behind the water material moistening 1 hour, the raw material that profit is good adds the starter that 100L mixes by 1000Kg, the blending ratio of raw material and water is 1: 0.5-1, mix back pack fermentation, every packed 20-40kg, fermentation time: can decide according to bacterial classification, as using spontaneous fermentation 4-7 in summer days, in sky 12-17 days spring and autumn, in 1-2 month winter, be finished product after the fermentation.
Embodiment three: produce the making method of many bacterial classifications of 1000kg microbial starter culture and the application in cow concentrated feed thereof: farm crop corn 550Kg, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers cake 180Kg, calabash fiber crops cake 60Kg, soya-bean cake 73Kg, wheat bran 60Kg, straw powder 40Kg, mineral substance 30Kg (being comprised: CaCO
340-60%, CaHPO
4.2H
2O 15-25%, NaCl 20-30%, MgSO
4.7H
2O 0.3-0.8%, Se 20-70PPm, I1000-150PPm, Co20-30PPm, Mn0.05-0.15%), after the urea 3Kg raw material pulverizing, after 20 orders sieve, amount of water is that 100Kg added behind the water material moistening 1 hour, the raw material that profit is good adds the starter that 100L mixes by 1000Kg, the blending ratio of raw material and water is 1: 0.5-1, mix back pack fermentation, every packed 20-40kg, fermentation time: decide according to bacterial classification, spontaneous fermentation 4-7 in summer days, in sky 12-17 days spring and autumn, in 1-2 month winter, be finished product after the fermentation.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of making method of many bacterial classifications microbial starter culture is characterized in that: the making step of starter is as follows:
Spawn culture: (1) former slant strains: 1) 8 kinds of bacteriums: dinitrogen cellulomonas cartae (Cellulomonasbiazotea); Produce yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis (Cellulomonas flavigena); Subtilis 10264 (Bacillus subtilis); Bacillus coagulans (Bacillus coagulans); Lactobacterium acidophilum (Lactobacillus acidophilus); Starch milk bacillus (Lactobacillus amylopHllus); Propionibacterium freudenreichii (propionibacterium freudenreichii), subtilis TQ13055 (Bacillus subtilis);
2) 3 primary yeast bacterium: Candida utilis (Candida utilis); Saccharomyces diastaticus (Saccharomyces diastaticus); Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae);
3) 3 kinds of moulds: Penicillium decumbens (Penicillium decumbens); Rhizopus oryzae (Rhizopusoryzae); Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger);
(2) purebred separation: get 1 ring from former slant strains and put into and killed bacterium and granulated glass sphere was housed and the triangular flask of 100ml water shakes up, with aseptic technique, get the plate that 1ml puts into sterilization and substratum is housed with aseptic straw, with aseptic glass slicker with bacterium liquid drawout, and with this scraper scrape second, third continuously, the 4th, the 5th identical plate is different dilutions and separates plate, put into 25-38 ℃ of insulation can and cultivate, the single bacterium colony that grows in the plate is inserted slant medium continue to put into after cultivation grows up to 4 ℃ of refrigerators preservations;
(3) liquid and slant culture: the dinitrogen cellulomonas cartae, produce the yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis, with straw powder substratum: straw 3-5%, boil added in 10 minutes yeast powder a little, natural pH;
Subtilis 10264, subtilis TQ13055, beef-protein medium: extractum carnis 0.5%, peptone 1%, sodium-chlor 0.5%, pH7.2-7.6, not adding agar is liquid nutrient medium, adding 1.5-2% agar is slant medium, use after 125 ℃ of sterilizations, the rest may be inferred;
Bacillus coagulans: yeast powder 0.8%, peptone 1%, glucose 0.7%, potassium primary phosphate 0.18%, sal epsom 0.11%, pH 7.0-7.2;
Propionibacterium freudenreichii: yeast powder 0.8%, peptone 1%, sucrose 1.5%, ammonium phosphate 0.4-0.6%, pH 6.8-7.0;
Lactobacterium acidophilum: skim-milk 10%, sugar 5%, natural pH, temperature: 38-39 ℃, cultivated 4-8 hour;
Starch milk bacillus: yeast extract paste 1%, peptone 1.0%, (NH
4)
2SO
40.5%, sucrose 2.0%, pH 7.2-7.4;
Fermention medium: dinitrogen cellulomonas cartae, product yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis: grass meal 2%, wheat bran 0.5%, yeast powder 0.5%; PH 7.2-7.4, temperature: 28-30 ℃, cultivated 20-22 hour;
Subtilis 10264 TQ13055: beef-protein medium: extractum carnis 0.5%, peptone 1%, sodium-chlor 0.5%, glucose 0.2%, pH 7.2-7.6; Temperature: 25-30 ℃, time: 22-24 hour;
Bacillus coagulans: yeast extract paste 1.0%, peptone 1.0%, glucose 0.6%, potassium primary phosphate 0.2%, manganous sulfate 0.1%, sal epsom 0.11%, pH 7.0; Temperature: 25-30 ℃, time 22-24 hour;
Propionibacterium freudenreichii: corn steep liquor 0.5%, glucose 0.2%, ammonium phosphate 0.02%, K
2HPO
40.08%, getting concentration is 0.1% CoCl
20.04ml, aquae destillata 100ml, pH 6.8-7.0, temperature: 25-30, time: 24-28 hour;
Lactobacterium acidophilum: peptone 1.0%, extractum carnis 1.0%, yeast extract paste 0.5%, glucose 2%, K
2HPO
40.2%, sodium-acetate 0.5%, disodium citrate 0.2%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.2%, MnSO
44H
2O 0.1%, milk powder 1%, tween 80 .1%, pH 6.0-6.5, temperature: 38-39 ℃, cultivated 4-8 hour;
Starch milk bacillus: Zulkovsky starch 2.0%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.05%, KNO
30.1%, FeSO
40.001%, NaCl 0.05%, K
2HPO
40.05%, 7.2-7.4, temperature: 25-30 ℃, time: 26-28 hour;
Yeast: Candida utilis, saccharomyces diastaticus slant medium: peptone 1.0%, yeast powder 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, pH 6.5 or natural pH;
The yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae slant medium: 5% corn hydrolyzed solution adds MgSO
47H
2O 0.3%, K
2HPO
40.15%, CaCO
30.5%, yeast powder 0.5%, pH 5-6, time: 24 hours;
Mould: Penicillium decumbens slant medium: potato 20%, sucrose 2%, K
2HPO
40.3%, MgSO
47H
2O0.15%, agar 2.0%, pH 6.0;
Fermention medium: NaNO
30.3%, KCl 0.05%, K
2HPO
40.1%, FeSO
40.001%, sucrose 3%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.05%, pH 6.7, time: 48-56 hour;
The same Penicillium decumbens of Rhizopus oryzae slant medium:
Rhizopus oryzae fermention medium: Vogel ' s mother liquor 4%, hemicellulose 1%, trace element 0.01%, temperature: 28-30, time: 2 days, micro-component: 2NHCl 5ml, FeSO
40.25g, MnSO
4H
2O 0.98g, ZnCl
20.83g, CoCl
21.0g, aquae destillata 100ml;
Aspergillus niger slant medium: NaNO
30.3%, KCl 0.05%, K
2HPO
40.1%, FeSO
40.001%, sucrose 3.0%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.05%, agar 2.0%, pH 6.7, time: 28-32 hour;
Fermention medium: Vogel ' s mother liquor 4%, Microcrystalline Cellulose 1%, trace element 0.01%, micro-component: 2NHCl 5ml, FeSO
40.25g, MnSO
4H
2O 0.98g, ZnCl
20.83g, CoCl
21.0g, aquae destillata 100ml, its same Rhizopus oryzae of filling a prescription;
(4) shake pipe: get an articulating and go into sterilization and be equipped with in the 10ml liquid nutrient medium test tube from long good slant strains, shaking table was cultivated 1-2 days under 25-38 ℃ of condition, except that Lactobacterium acidophilum, the static cultivation of propionibacterium freudenreichii;
(5) triangular flask is cultivated: pack into after the fermention medium 100-120ml sterilization with the 500ml triangular flask, pour in the triangular flask the good test tube that shakes training into 25-38 ℃ under spirit lamp and shake and trained 1-2 days;
(6) go up a jar enlarged culturing: after the fermention medium preparation, autoclaving 0.1MPa, time: 20-50 minute, be cooled to 30-38 ℃ and use aseptic technique, cultured triangular flask bacterial classification is inserted in the jar, inoculum size is 2-10%, under 25-38 ℃ of condition, ventilate or stuffy cultivation, ventilate and cultivate 8-12m
3/ h, tank pressure 0.01-0.08Mpa, incubation time 18-24 hour, stuffy need stirred once every 4-5 hour.
2, the making method of a kind of many bacterial classifications microbial starter culture according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the proportioning of each bacterial classification: with cultured bacterium by 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: fit in the fermentation using bacteria agent at 1: 1, cultured yeast is pressed 1: 1: 0.5 synthetic yeast starter, cultured mould was made the mold fermentation agent by 1: 1: 1, three kinds of starters were pressed 0.5: 1: 1; 0.5: 2: 1; 0.5: 3: 1; 1: 0.5: 1; 1: 1: 1; 1: 2: 1; 1: 3: 1; 2: 0.5: 1; 2: 1: 1; Be made into the starter of different ratio bacterial classifications at 2: 3: 1 as the concentrated feed fermentation.
3, the making method of a kind of many bacterial classifications microbial starter culture according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: with farm crop corn 400-600Kg, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers cake 150-200Kg, calabash fiber crops cake 50-150Kg, soya-bean cake 50-150Kg, wheat bran 30-80Kg, straw powder 30-50Kg, mineral substance 20-50Kg, after the urea 2.5-10Kg raw material pulverizing, after 20 orders sieve, cooperation is mixed thoroughly, amount of water is 40-50%, added behind the water material moistening 1 hour, the raw material that profit is good adds the starter that 100L mixes by 1000Kg, the blending ratio of raw material and water is 1: 0.5-1, mix back pack fermentation, every packed 20-40kg, fermentation time: decide spontaneous fermentation 4-7 in summer days, sky 12-17 days spring and autumn according to bacterial classification, in 1-2 month winter, be finished product after the fermentation.
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| CN114532452B (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-07-15 | 北京挑战农业科技有限公司 | Method for preparing ruminal fermented feed by using defective fruits and application |
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