CN1302184C - 用于建造移动式建筑物的格构桁架的接头 - Google Patents

用于建造移动式建筑物的格构桁架的接头 Download PDF

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CN1302184C
CN1302184C CNB021220107A CN02122010A CN1302184C CN 1302184 C CN1302184 C CN 1302184C CN B021220107 A CNB021220107 A CN B021220107A CN 02122010 A CN02122010 A CN 02122010A CN 1302184 C CN1302184 C CN 1302184C
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lattice truss
building
hollow
lattice
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H·布鲁德
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Octanorm Vertriebs GmbH fuer Bauelemente
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    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
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Abstract

本发明建议一种用于建造移动式建筑的格构桁架的接头,其由一个管状接头(29)组成,在该管状接头的圆周上分布有轴向延伸的悬挂槽(50)用来悬挂格构桁架(42)的拉紧元件,其中,悬挂槽由环形槽(30)中断,环形槽用来径向插入与格构桁架(42)相连的悬挂头(31)。可以按简单的方式设置附加件或装饰板(17),这样格构桁架就成为美观的构件。

Description

用于建造移动式建筑物的格构桁架的接头
技术领域
本发明涉及一种建造移动式建筑物尤其是展览会或展台的建筑物用的格构桁架的接头,它由一个管状接头组成,在其圆周上分布有轴向延伸的槽,用来悬挂横梁的接紧元件。
背景技术
在建筑业中为了制作过度张紧或制作支柱或起重机的起重臂要使用格构桁架。一般格构桁架由与格架结构和其它的梁焊接或铆接的钢型材制成。这种格构桁架不仅由于其重量而且其本身而不适用于制作移动式建筑物,尤其是展览会和览台用的建筑物,因为它的安装和拆卸化费太多。
也已知使用带纵向延伸的槽的八角形支柱的建筑物来制作这种博览会展台和展览会展,借助于适当的拉杆可以很简单、快速和稳定地将横梁插入上述槽中(Octaworm Betrieb-Vertriebs构件公司的Octanorm系统)。这种系统适用于一定的支承范围。当然,这种系统对于移动式可快速建造和拆卸的建筑物过度张紧和对于一端固定的屋顶结构不是没有问题的。这里设有采用连接节的桁架结构(EP 039 309 0B1),在连接节中可以悬挂杆的带凸起的端部。
发明内容
由于格构桁架也可用于展览会和展台以便跨接较大的跨度或用作装饰构件,有必要在连接处加以加接,因此,本发明的任务在于设计一种上述类型的接头,使其可以用于补充已有的展览会建筑物,并具有尤其美观的效果。
上述任务的技术解决方案在于,这种用于建造移动式建筑的格构桁架的接头,其由一个管状接头组成,在该管状接头的圆周上分布有轴向延伸的悬挂槽用来悬挂格构桁架的拉紧元件,其中,悬挂槽由环形槽中断,环形槽用来径向插入与格构桁架相连的悬挂头。
按照本发明的一个优选实施例,管状接头的两个端面用圆形法兰封住。管状接头设有内槽,用作安装圆形法兰的螺钉的紧固孔。该接头设有一空心圆柱形接头,该空心圆柱形接头设有一端面封闭板,该端面封闭板被安装在圆形法兰上。
按照本发明的又一优选实施例,设有平行于悬挂槽和径向位于该悬挂槽内的其它的槽,用来安装其它的市售的拉杆。还设有槽块用来插入悬挂槽中并用来调节悬挂头的高度。
通过这种结构可以简单的方式将格构桁架横向于已知的设有这种接头的支柱布置。
因此,例如可以将具有用来连接在接头上的连接机构的三角板设置在格构桁架上。连接机构在第一结构型式中由两个插入加固筋的螺栓组成,螺栓的自由端具有带悬挂槽的柱式接头用的悬挂头。这种柱式接头例如可以安装在前述已知的支柱上。悬持过程因设置了环形槽而变得很简单,因为悬挂头不需要从端面插入到轴向槽中。因此,格构桁架可以按很简单的方式垂直于已知的支柱设置,或者可以按其它的方式与已知的系统连接。
附图说明
在附图中借助于实施例描述了本发明。其中:
图1表示在端侧设置有两个三角板的本发明格构桁架的示意透视图;
图2表示本发明格构桁架的端部,桁架的末端具有一个带连接结构的三角板,用于与柱形的连接件相连;
图3表示插入有装饰板和锁紧板的图1所示的格构桁架的横截面;
图4表示本发明构格桁架的部分示意图,在桁架上安装有带探照灯的电气安装板,
图5表示四周装有装饰板和整体的照明机构的本发明的格构桁架;
图6表示用作支架的本发明的格构桁架的结构型式,其具有相应设计的端侧三角板;
图7表示用作支架的图6的格构桁架,安装有一个柱状的图2的接头和两个安装在其上的、用作横梁的本发明的格构桁架,并且可以在轴向安装另一格构桁架;
图8表示类似于图7的结构型式,其中设有一已知的与用作支架的第一格构桁架同轴的支架来代替其它的格构桁架;
图9表示用于构建展台的本发明多个格构桁架使用示意图;
图10表示用于构建拱形屋顶的本发明格构桁架的使用示意图;
图11表示图2的部分放大示意图;
图12表示图11的接头的分解图;
图13表示图11和12的紧固头型材的部分放大剖视图。
具体实施方式
在图1-3中表示了本发明的格构桁架,它由三个例如可以由铝材作为挤压型材制成的空心型材1、2和3建成。这三个空心型材1、2和3相互平行,如图3的横截面所示。经由其间延伸的桁架式格架结构4组合成一横截面为等腰三角形的桁架。格架结构4是焊接成的,在本实施例中主要由与空心型材1-3的纵轴线倾斜放置的三角形结构组成。
从图3可以看出,两个空心型材2和3是相同的,但与在三角形横截面的等长边6的中央通过这两边6的交点的平面5成镜像对称。在三角形的顶点设置结构不同于空心型材2和3的空心型材1,空心型材2和3分别位于边6与三角形的底线7的交点上。
空心型材1具有一个圆形横截面的外壁,与该外壁同心地具有一个核心圆管8,从此圆管起由四个隔离壁构成四个空腔9、10、11和12,并从这些与边平行延伸的隔离壁起还设有其它的隔离壁,用来构成其它两个空腔13和14。其中,所有隔离壁均设置成与中央平面5对称。空腔13和14设有一个向外的、并分别向着型材3或2敞开的缝隙15,其中,在所示的实施例中,空腔3的缝隙15由异型板16封住,在空腔14的缝隙15中装入装饰板17的一条边缘。空腔12具有一条向外敞开的缝隙18,其纵向轴线与中央平面5重叠。
空心型材2和3同样具有一核心圆管8,从该圆管向外面的圆形管壁延伸出五个隔离壁,它们构成五个空腔19、20、21、22和23。这些空腔中的空腔20、21和23又设有向外敞开的缝隙15,其中,在空腔23的缝隙中分别类似于空腔13和14的结构装入一异型板16或装饰板17的一边缘。空腔21的缝隙同样设置成它们相互面对。它们可以有选择地用异型板16封住,如图3的左图所示,或者可以将装饰板17插入该缝隙中,类似于图3的右侧。空腔20的另一缝隙15向外敞开,其纵轴线分别位于与中央平面5对称的且平行于中央平面5延伸的平面内。
图1表示三个空心型材1-3的末端可以被三角板24盖住,后者例如可以用未进一步示出的螺钉固定在型材1-3的核心圆管8上。盖板24这样封住格构桁架的端面,即尤其如图5所示,通过在三角形侧面设置装饰板17而可以构成四周封闭的构件,该构件尤其用在展览会和展台上作为招眼之物。
图2表示三角板24上用螺钉固定有形式为两个插入相应加固筋26中的螺栓27的连接机构25。螺栓27的自由端设有较大直径的悬挂头31,它按照图2可以从上方这样挂入管状接头29的固定槽28中,即接头29本身八角形的横截面被两条连续的环形槽30中断,悬挂头31径向插入环形槽30中,然后轴向安装在槽28的后面。然后,两个可用手拧紧的翼形螺钉32用来将连接机构25和三角板24及其上悬挂的格构桁架紧固在一起。
图4和5首先表示按照本发明的图1所示实施例的格构桁架以及端侧安装的三角板24,在图4的实施例中,一个电气安装型材33经由未详细示出的拉杆悬挂在空腔13或14(图3)中,电气安装型材33再次可以被用来可移动地布置探照灯34,如示意所示。相反,图5所示了按未详细描述的方式向上固定带空心型材1的格构桁架的可能性,该格构桁架在端侧用三角板24封住,并且分别用装饰板17完全向外封闭,因此,格构桁架可以作为一种构件来使用,如图5所示,其中朝下的装饰板也可以配备整体的光源35。
图6-8首先表示的是图2的紧固方式。其中图7表示接头29,其上按图2所述的方式经由连接机构25和三角板24垂直安装两个本发明的格构桁架。现在将接头29的图2中所示的下插脚头36插入三角板24的图6中所示的安装孔37中,三角板24用作作为支架作用的本发明格构桁架的上侧终端。三个本发明的格构桁架按图7(或8)的方式构成一个空间角。当然还可以在接头29上连接其它的横梁。
图2还表示接头29在其背离插脚头36的一侧设有一圆形法兰39。该法兰具有一中心孔38,其中可以再插入一插脚头40并固定住,该插脚头安装在图6的三角板24的端侧。如图7所示,也可以轴向向上加长用作支架的格构桁架。
但是,也如图8所示,也可以为接头29设置前面已经所述的插脚头40;借助于该插脚头可以将横截面为八角形和带槽的已知的异型柱41安装在接头29的槽28中。在本例中,可以用本发明的格构桁架组合成展览会和展台用的已知的结构系统,如申请人所销售的。
如图3已知所示,当然也可以利用型材1空腔12中的缝隙18和型材2和3的两个空腔20中的缝隙15,以便借助于拉杆将市售的构件与格构桁架组合在一起。
图9和10表示这一新颖的格构桁架与已在市场上有售的其它展览会结构件组合使用的两个例子。在图9的展台中,使用了多个用标号42表示的本发明的格构桁架。三个格构桁架42固定在市售类型的支柱44上,在本实施例中,该支柱44的上方设有带面板的接头29。在该接头上悬挂连接机构25,并经由该连接机构和三角板24悬挂格构桁架42。格构桁架和支柱44通过补加市售的立柱41和相应的壁板45而成为图示的展台。
如图10所示,例如可以借助于三个格构桁架42来制造拱形的屋顶结构,这时相应的和市售的拱形件43安装在空心型材3或2的空腔20(图3)的敞开的缝隙中。新的格构桁架允许扩大展览会和展台构造中现有构件的使用可能性,这样这一格构桁架对这种展台结构作了补充,当然也可以将这种格构桁架作为组装容易、快速和稳定的展台构件来使用,而无需例如图7中所示型式的部件。
图11首先表示了接头29,如图12和13尚要进一步描述的,该接头由一个管状空心型材制成,在该型材的外圆周上设有轴向延伸的悬挂槽50(或图2中的槽28),这些缝隙通入同样是轴向延伸的空腔51中。空腔51被设计成可以装入螺栓27的悬挂头31。当然也可以安装其他梁的悬挂头31来代替带连接机构25的三角板24。在上述梁中例如使螺栓27与两个相互平行延伸的异型管对齐而将它们通过一平面的格架相互连接起来。按照这一方式可以形成扁平格构桁架的连接。
图11尤其是图12清楚地表示,接头29的柱状管段用两个相互间隔延伸的环形槽30中断,其轴向尺寸的大小足以将悬挂头31沿径向插入在接头29的管段的轴线上,然后可以沿轴向移入空腔51。图11和12也表示接头的管段的上方和下方分别用一圆形法兰39封闭,该法兰借助于螺钉53直接安装在管段的端面。螺钉53穿过圆形法兰的孔口54接合在管段的内槽55中并在那里拧紧。按相同的方式固定下圆形法兰39,并将一个端面具有封闭板56的空心圆柱形接头36固定在上述法兰39上,这里螺钉53也可以穿过相应的孔口54′。
尤其如图13所示,在空腔51的内侧设有另一槽57,而与悬挂槽50平行并在其径向内侧,该槽可以用来插入已知结构中的市售的拉杆,经由此拉杆又可以将同样是市售的横梁安装在接头29的管段上。因此,接头29是万用的。
最后,图11和12还表明,可以从环形槽30将槽块58装入悬挂槽50和空腔51中,它贴在下环形法兰39上,并按这一方式可以用作挂好的悬挂头31的高度调节。因此,通过更换槽块也可以按简单的方式改变图2的格构桁架在接头29上的高度。

Claims (6)

1.用于建造移动式建筑的格构桁架的接头,其由一个管状接头(29)组成,在该管状接头(29)的圆周上分布有轴向延伸的悬挂槽(50)用来悬挂格构桁架(42)的拉紧元件,其特征为,悬挂槽由环形槽(30)中断,环形槽用来径向插入与格构桁架(42)相连的悬挂头(31)。
2.按照权利要求1的用于建造移动式建筑的格构桁架的接头,其特征为,管状接头(29)的两个端面用圆形法兰(39)封住。
3.按照权利要求2的用于建造移动式建筑的格构桁架的接头,其特征为,管状接头(29)设有内槽(55),用作安装圆形法兰(39)的螺钉(53)的紧固孔。
4.按照权利要求1的用于建造移动式建筑的格构桁架的接头,其特征为,该接头设有一空心圆柱形接头(36),该空心圆柱形接头(36)设有一端面封闭板(56),该端面封闭板(56)被安装在圆形法兰(39)上。
5.按照权利要求1的用于建造移动式建筑的格构桁架的接头,其特征为,设有平行于悬挂槽(50)和径向位于该悬挂槽内的其它的槽(57),用来安装其它的市售的拉杆。
6.按照权利要求1的用于建造移动式建筑的格构桁架的接头,其特征为,设有槽块(58)用来插入悬挂槽(50)中并用来调节悬挂头(31)的高度。
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