CN1297426A - 含尿素肥料的造粒方法 - Google Patents
含尿素肥料的造粒方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
- C05C9/02—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds containing urea-formaldehyde condensates
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/12—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic in rotating drums
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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Abstract
将尿素直接结合至肥料粒子晶体的肥料制粒方法。本工艺包括引入液态尿素至晶体并快速冷却粒子混合剂,使尿素在粒子的晶体中再结晶。从而制成更坚固的粒子,得到坚固的预处理,缓释粒子和充分减少粉尘及制粒过程中控制的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制造粒状肥料产品方法,特别涉及一种将尿素注入肥料材料并造粒成为粒子的方法。
背景技术
将肥料混合经处理过(典型的是喷雾或气雾处理)的尿素的方法已经在实际中使用。这种处理方式最不利的方面是由于尿素可溶于水,由于其普遍应用,许多成分随着雨水和灌溉等流失。这是一个昂贵而低效的过程。将尿素混合或结晶在肥料内部的产品和工艺被用来解决这个浪费问题。本发明解决本问题。
工业应用
本发明适用于肥料工业。
发明内容
本发明的一实施例的目的之一是提供一种经改进的关于将尿素与源液结合并注入肥料的产品和方法。
本发明的一实施例的进一步的目的是提供一种肥料原料的制粒方法,包括的步骤有:
提供含尿素的混合物;
提供粒度分布为3目至大约10目的硫酸铵源液;
将硫酸铵和尿素引入一转鼓制粒器;
在转鼓制粒器中保持一定温度以充分保持混合物处于液态,以便于和硫酸铵混合形成混合剂;然后冷却该混合剂形成尿素硫酸铵颗粒。
为了促进微粒更易于在鼓中滚动,该鼓可以由橡胶、特氟纶、氯丁二烯橡胶和其他材料组成。
在看到粒状小球包含一由水晶结构的优点所造成的大量空隙空间事实后,该空间为尿素的再结晶提供一极为有用的容积。
与本发明的一实施例的进一步的目的相一致的是:提供一肥料颗粒,包含:
一钾粒子包含大约20%空的空隙空间;尿素处于该空间内。
根据可以用在本发明的实践中的尿素混合物的类型,例如包括甲醛尿素,尿素-正磷酸铵,尿素-多磷酸铵,等尿素形式。其他依化学适合的例子也可在本技术中使用。
本发明的一实施例的一更进一步的目的是提供一种肥料原料的制粒方法,包括的步骤有:
提供含尿素的混合物;
提供粒度分布为3目至大约10目的硫酸钾源液;
将硫酸钾和尿素引入一转鼓制粒器;
在转鼓制粒器中保持一定温度以充分保持混合物处于液态,以便于和硫酸钾混合形成混合剂;然后冷却该混合剂形成尿素硫酸钾颗粒。
为提高原料的亲水性,可以添加表面活性剂。该表面活性剂充分降低肥料产品的表面张力,以使尿素可以流入肥料中。尿素和肥料的混合剂被冷却到尿素的熔点以上是有重大价值的,其结果是:尿素在肥料的基体中再结晶。
本发明的一实施例的更进一步的目的是提供一种肥料原料的制粒方法,包括的步骤有:
提供含尿素的混合物;
提供粒度分布为3目至大约10目的氯化钾源液;
将硫酸钾和尿素引入一转鼓制粒器;
在转鼓制粒器中保持一定温度以充分保持混合物处于液态,以便于和氯化钾混合形成混合剂;然后冷却该混合剂形成尿素氯化钾颗粒。
尿素再结晶的内部基体被发现可以充分增加该种结构的粒子的可用的性质。有代表性的是:尿素支承的小球或粒子的破裂强度超过7千克。该特性的有益之处在于坚硬的粒子不产生大量的粉尘;不破裂,粉碎等。在发运过程中,提供一种在现有技术方法论基础上不可能有的可修改的溶度性和更容易使用的尿素。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种肥料原料的制粒方法,包括的步骤有:
提供含尿素的混合物;
提供粒度分布为3目至大约10目的硝酸钾源液;
将硝酸钾和尿素引入一转鼓制粒器;
在转鼓制粒器中保持一定温度以充分保持混合物处于液态,以便于和硝酸钾混合形成混合剂;然后冷却该混合剂形成尿素硝酸钾颗粒。
总体上描述本发明之后,下面将通过附图对较好实施例举例说明。
附图简述
图1是实现本方法的设备的示意图
图2是内含有尿素再结晶的硫酸铵微粒的照片。
相似的标号在文件中表示相似的部件。
实施本发明的模型
根据图1,标号10表示肥料原料,该肥料原料可以是氯化钾、硫酸钾、硫酸铵及其他物质。原料10是从源液中提取,例如,一盘式粒化循环(未画出)。
原料10的粒度分布为大约3目至大约10目之间,该材料被引入转鼓制粒器12,适当的转鼓制粒器对技术是有帮助的。除了原料10被引入转鼓12,尿素混合液14的源液也被引入。该尿素可以以液态形式引入制粒器12,或者制粒器12可以充分加热以使尿素混合液中的尿素是液态的。作为进一步可能的替换,初始的原料可以充分加热导致尿素在混合液中熔化。
作为一可选择的步骤,根据内部的化学性质,一适合的表面活性剂16可以被引入制粒器12以便容易将液态尿素输送到肥料原料基体。该混合剂,被指示为标号18被引入冷却装置20。该装置可以包含另一个转鼓制粒器,流态化床或其他适合的使产品容易移动的冷却装置。为了促使原料产品中尿素的结晶,冷却液通过入口22以逆流方式被引入制粒器20。在冷却装置20内的冷却液可以包括在化学上呈惰性的任何液体。例如,空气可以被引入装置20来冷却尿素。结晶发生在尿素熔化温度以上的任何温度(典型是110℃),装置20中的冷空气将温度降至接近65℃以生产出离开装置的产品24。
旋转和倾斜转鼓制粒器12和/或20已被上述技术披露。上述参数需要依照原料的不同因素的性质来设定。
附图2照片显示的是产品24,展示的粒子在横断面上处于充分的球形状态。从横断面的测试中可以清楚:尿素在肥料的基体中结晶。如知道的一样,肥料粒子典型地有15%-25%的空隙容积。这提供了一个理想的机会来引入液态尿素使其在原料基体中完全再结晶。
从与尿素的结合中被发现重大的优点,例如包括,增加粒子的破裂强度。硫酸铵的粒子的破裂强度典型地为2千克至大约3千克,然而当尿素在基体中结晶,处理过的粒子的破裂强度总体上超过7千克。在使用氯化钾和硫酸钾的情况下,粒子在处理前的的破裂强度是大约2千克至大约3千克,尿素处理过的粒子被证明破裂强度约为7千克至8千克。
如下表证明,尿素迅速地溶解。加入氯化钾后,溶解率明显降低,这样提供了一个持续时间长缓慢地释放的不衰弱、不分解的肥料产品,但是随着时间同时地溶解减少。
如上指出,与尿素的结合产生额外的重大的益处。本发明最有吸引力的益处之一是氮、磷、钾、硫的比率可以有效地定制出想要的比率。例如,如表2,氮、磷、钾、硫的比率为30∶0∶0∶20。
尽管本发明是通过上述实施例进行描述的。但是本发明并不仅限于此。本发明的技术人员可以在不背离本发明精神、性质和范围的情况下,对本发明进行各种各样的修改。
Claims (28)
1、一种肥料原料的制粒方法,包括的步骤有:
提供含尿素的混合物;
提供粒度分布为3目至大约10目的硫酸铵源液;
将硫酸铵和尿素引入一转鼓制粒器;
在转鼓制粒器中保持一定温度以充分保持混合物处于液态,以便于和硫酸铵混合形成混合剂;然后冷却该混合剂形成尿素硫酸铵颗粒。
2、如权利要求1所述的肥料,所述的粒子特别是指粒度分布为5目至10目。
3、如权利要求1所述的肥料,所述的尿素包括甲醛尿素(ureaformaldehyde)。
4、如权利要求1所述的肥料,所述的尿素包括正磷酸铵尿素(urea-ammonium)。
5、如权利要求1所述的肥料,所述的尿素包括多磷酸铵尿素(urea-ammonium polyphosphate)。
6、如权利要求1所述的肥料,所述的尿素包括尿素形式(ureaform)。
7、肥料粒子,包括:
一钾粒子包含20%空隙容积,尿素在所述的容积内。
8、如权利要求7所述的肥料,所述的粒子粒度分布为3目至10目。
9、如权利要求7所述的肥料,所述尿素包括甲醛尿素。
10、如权利要求7所述的肥料,所述的尿素包括正磷酸铵尿素。
11、如权利要求7所述的肥料,所述的尿素包括多磷酸铵尿素。
12、如权利要求7所述的肥料,所述的尿素包括尿素形式。
13、如权利要求7所述的肥料,所述的钾粒子包括氯化钾。
14、如权利要求7所述的肥料,所述的钾粒子包括硫酸钾。
15、如权利要求7所述的肥料,所述的钾粒子包括硝酸钾。
16、一种肥料原料的制粒方法,包括的步骤有:
提供含尿素的混合物;
提供粒度分布为3目至大约10目的硫酸钾源液;
将硫酸钾和尿素引入一转鼓制粒器;
在转鼓制粒器中保持一定温度以充分保持混合物处于液态,以便于和硫酸钾混合形成混合剂;然后冷却该混合剂形成尿素硫酸钾颗粒。
17、如权利要求16所述的方法,所述步骤还包括向转鼓制粒器内引入表面活性剂。
18、如权利要求16所述的方法,所述混合剂在第二转鼓制粒器用冷空气逆流接触冷却。
19、如权利要求16所述的方法,所述转鼓制粒器的所述温度至少是所述尿素溶液的温度。
20、如权利要求16所述的方法,所述混合剂在所述硫酸钾中充分冷却至固体所述尿素。
21、如权利要求16所述的方法,所述粒子的粒度分布为4目至10目。
22、一种肥料原料的制粒方法,包括的步骤有:
提供含尿素的混合物;
提供粒度分布为3目至大约10目的氯化钾源液;
将硫酸钾和尿素引入一转鼓制粒器;
在转鼓制粒器中保持一定温度以充分保持混合物处于液态,以便于和氯化钾混合形成混合剂;然后冷却该混合剂形成尿素氯化钾颗粒。
23、如权利要求22所述的方法,所述方法还包括向所述转鼓制粒器引入表面活性剂的步骤。
24、如权利要求22所述的方法,所述步骤还包括所述混合液在第二转鼓制粒器用冷空气逆流接触冷却。
25、如权利要求22所述的方法,所述转鼓制粒器的所述温度至少是所述尿素混合熔液的温度。
26、如权利要求22所述的方法,所述混合剂充分冷却至固体所述尿素在所述氯化钾中。
27、如权利要求22所述的方法,所述所述粒子的粒度分布为5目至10目。
28、一种肥料原料的制粒方法,包括的步骤有:
提供含尿素的混合物;
提供粒度分布为3目至大约10目的硝酸钾源液;
将硝酸钾和尿素引入一转鼓制粒器;
在转鼓制粒器中保持一定温度以充分保持混合物处于液态,以便于和硝酸钾混合形成混合剂;然后冷却该混合剂形成尿素硝酸钾颗粒。
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US09/061,265 | 1998-04-17 | ||
US09/061,265 US6293985B1 (en) | 1998-04-17 | 1998-04-17 | Fertilizer granulation method |
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US (1) | US6293985B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1071639B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2002512171A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20010024973A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1297426A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE272034T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU3134299A (zh) |
BG (1) | BG104858A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9909703A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2265924C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69918970T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK1071639T3 (zh) |
EA (1) | EA003865B1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2228026T3 (zh) |
HR (1) | HRP990308A2 (zh) |
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ID (1) | ID27318A (zh) |
IL (1) | IL139050A0 (zh) |
NO (1) | NO20005120L (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ507415A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL343759A1 (zh) |
SI (1) | SI20375A (zh) |
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-
1998
- 1998-04-17 US US09/061,265 patent/US6293985B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-04-08 KR KR1020007011523A patent/KR20010024973A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-04-08 ES ES99913041T patent/ES2228026T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-08 NZ NZ507415A patent/NZ507415A/en unknown
- 1999-04-08 AT AT99913041T patent/ATE272034T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-08 AU AU31342/99A patent/AU3134299A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-04-08 PL PL99343759A patent/PL343759A1/xx unknown
- 1999-04-08 EP EP99913041A patent/EP1071639B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-08 CN CN99805148A patent/CN1297426A/zh active Pending
- 1999-04-08 EA EA200001082A patent/EA003865B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-08 TR TR2000/03020T patent/TR200003020T2/xx unknown
- 1999-04-08 BR BR9909703-6A patent/BR9909703A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-08 DE DE69918970T patent/DE69918970T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-08 IL IL13905099A patent/IL139050A0/xx unknown
- 1999-04-08 JP JP2000544611A patent/JP2002512171A/ja active Pending
- 1999-04-08 ID IDW20002383A patent/ID27318A/id unknown
- 1999-04-08 WO PCT/CA1999/000298 patent/WO1999054267A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-04-08 SI SI9920032A patent/SI20375A/sl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-08 SK SK1542-2000A patent/SK15422000A3/sk unknown
- 1999-04-08 YU YU63100A patent/YU63100A/sh unknown
- 1999-04-08 CA CA002265924A patent/CA2265924C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-08 DK DK99913041T patent/DK1071639T3/da active
- 1999-04-08 HU HU0102199A patent/HUP0102199A3/hu unknown
- 1999-10-07 HR HR09/061,265A patent/HRP990308A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
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2000
- 2000-10-11 NO NO20005120A patent/NO20005120L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100413812C (zh) * | 2004-08-23 | 2008-08-27 | 徐耀武 | 复合硫基大颗粒尿素生产工艺 |
CN112624833A (zh) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-09 | 卡力(烟台)农业发展有限公司 | 一种硼镁肥及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DK1071639T3 (da) | 2004-11-22 |
CA2265924C (en) | 2000-07-11 |
DE69918970T2 (de) | 2005-08-11 |
NZ507415A (en) | 2003-09-26 |
SK15422000A3 (sk) | 2001-06-11 |
BR9909703A (pt) | 2001-01-30 |
IL139050A0 (en) | 2001-11-25 |
DE69918970D1 (de) | 2004-09-02 |
NO20005120L (no) | 2000-12-15 |
PL343759A1 (en) | 2001-09-10 |
JP2002512171A (ja) | 2002-04-23 |
YU63100A (sh) | 2003-01-31 |
WO1999054267A2 (en) | 1999-10-28 |
EP1071639A2 (en) | 2001-01-31 |
AU3134299A (en) | 1999-11-08 |
ES2228026T3 (es) | 2005-04-01 |
EA200001082A1 (ru) | 2001-04-23 |
EP1071639B1 (en) | 2004-07-28 |
BG104858A (en) | 2001-06-29 |
ATE272034T1 (de) | 2004-08-15 |
US6293985B1 (en) | 2001-09-25 |
TR200003020T2 (tr) | 2000-12-21 |
WO1999054267A3 (en) | 2000-01-27 |
ID27318A (id) | 2001-03-22 |
NO20005120D0 (no) | 2000-10-11 |
SI20375A (sl) | 2001-04-30 |
HRP990308A2 (en) | 2000-04-30 |
HUP0102199A2 (hu) | 2001-10-28 |
EA003865B1 (ru) | 2003-10-30 |
KR20010024973A (ko) | 2001-03-26 |
HUP0102199A3 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
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