CN1276149A - Two-line hybridization method for producing sorghum seeds - Google Patents
Two-line hybridization method for producing sorghum seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN1276149A CN1276149A CN 99115403 CN99115403A CN1276149A CN 1276149 A CN1276149 A CN 1276149A CN 99115403 CN99115403 CN 99115403 CN 99115403 A CN99115403 A CN 99115403A CN 1276149 A CN1276149 A CN 1276149A
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Abstract
A two-line hybridization method for breeding sorghum features that cultivating the dual-purpose sterile line having high origin temp from the sorghum seeds whose fertility has temp and light sensitivity by selecting layering object at 24.5-26.5 deg.C, obtaining purified and stable dual-purpose sterile line by creating the purifying and reproducing system of key seeds by controlling temp and light radiation in the sensitive period of fertility transform, and cultivating two-line hybridized seeds at proper ecological condition. Its advantages are wide range of production, high safety and high purity.
Description
The present invention relates to the production of sorghum seeds, be specially the production method of two line method hybrid sorghum seed.
The Chinese sorghum heterosis utilization after the fifties U.S. selects first cytoplasmic male sterile line TX3197A, mainly uses three line method in the world.Two line method Chinese sorghum heterosis utilization is on the basis of three line method, has saved maintenance line, relies on the dual-purpose male sterile line fertility of Chinese sorghum to the light activated characteristic of temperature, promptly shows under certain warm optical condition and can educate, and is used for self propagated and reserves seed for planting; And performance is sterile under another warm optical condition, and being used for recovering is hybridization production first-filial generation seed.India finds the temperature sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility material of Chinese sorghum light in report in 1993, and to produce two be sugar grass crossbreed SSH-1.Academy of agricultural sciences, Hunan Province Chinese sorghum research and development centre is in beginning two line method hybrid sorghum in 1988 breeding research, breeds glutinous fine strain of millet S-1 in the dual-purpose male sterile line of glutinous sorghum Hunan and double-line hybrid combination Hunan two excellent glutinous fine strains of millet No. one in 1992.The selection of the dual-purpose male sterile line of glutinous sorghum in the same year and the application of two line method seeding technique national patent.Yet utilizing the glutinous fine strain of millet S-1 in Hunan to produce two is in the process of sorghum hybrid, the problem that also has following two aspects: 1. owing to induce the origin temp of dual-purpose male sterile line stable sterile on the low side, make that the range of choice of ecosite of the safe production of hybrid seeds is narrow, only suitable Hainan winter seed production, large tracts of land production of hybrid seeds difficulty is big; 2. because the genetic shift phenomenon appears in the origin temp of dual-purpose male sterile line fertility conversion, make that the ratio that dual-purpose male sterile line can be educated strain rises to more than 50% under the production of hybrid seeds temperature optical condition, the hybrid seed purity of production is difficult to guarantee.
Purpose of the present invention is intended to solve the on the low side and genetic shift problem of origin temp of dual-purpose male sterile line stable sterile, thereby the production method of the safe and practical two line method hybrid sorghum seed of a cover is provided.
The technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is as follows: the dual-purpose male sterile line of the Chinese sorghum of the high origin temp of seed selection, with white glutinous sorghum in Hunan and TX3197B hybridization, again with the TX3197A transformation, or continuation and round-grained rice type Chinese sorghum RW, among the offspring of radiomutation sugar grass hybridization of short stem transformation, the strain that fertility has warm photaesthesia characteristic is a breeding material, by in suitable postponement sowing time to 4 month, the last ten-days period (normal early April sowing), on July, the flowering of earing the middle ten days, heading still showed sterile strain system when the screening daily mean temperature was 24.5-26.5 ℃ under higher temperature selection press strip spare, cut stalk regeneration, the regeneration Chinese sorghum is in 8 months, the flowering of earing the last ten-days period, its performance of earing when daily mean temperature is more than 27.5 ℃ can be educated, and selfing is set seeds.Stablize through many generation screenings, breed the dual-purpose male sterile line of Chinese sorghum of high origin temp.The purification of the dual-purpose male sterile line of Chinese sorghum is stable, is material with dual-purpose male sterile line list fringe, and temperature is controlled at the origin temp that fertility is changed, and intensity of illumination is controlled at 2-3 ten thousand LUX, when vine growth and development is handled during sensitive periods to the fertility conversion.The fertile plant that genetic shift takes place is removed by strain microscopy pollen development situation in the heading back, stays the pollen abortion rate and reaches 100% sterile plant, cuts stalk regeneration.Regeneration plant heading performance in 8 months, under the last ten-days period hot conditions can be educated, and through self-fertility, breeds core seeds, utilizes core seeds to breed breeder's stock and original seed in the land for growing field crops.Original seed after the purification is under production of hybrid seeds temperature optical condition, and sterile plant rate reaches more than 98%.The production of safe and practical two line method hybrid sorghum seed, key are to utilize high origin temp or the stable dual-purpose male sterile line of purifying, and select the ecosite of the suitable breeding and the production of hybrid seeds.Under the warm optical condition that satisfies sorghum plant normal growth, growth, maturation, select continuous more than 15 days daily mean temperature satisfy dual-purpose male sterile line and can educate the ecosite of warm optical condition and breed dual-purpose male sterile line, select the continuous ecosite that daily mean temperature satisfies the warm optical condition of dual-purpose male sterile line stable sterile more than 25 days to carry out the production of hybrid seeds.According to above-mentioned condition, breed dual-purpose male sterile line generally at 400 meters below the height above sea level, in 8 months, carry out on the ecosite that the last ten-days period, the heading performance can be educated.The production of hybrid seeds in summer generally at 600 meters more than the height above sea level, is eared still to show on the sterile ecosite and is carried out in dual-purpose male sterile line 7-8 month.The production of hybrid seeds in autumn is sterile in heading performance late September to mid-October with dual-purpose male sterile line, and it is the most suitable that later stage temperature does not influence the ripe ecosite of normal grouting.Winter seed production requires 1-2 month cryogenic conditions not influence the growth of Chinese sorghum normal growth, and general mid-December to late Febuary ears, and dual-purpose male sterile line performance is sterile, and the heading period of arrangement reached more than 60 days.
The dual-purpose male sterile line of the Chinese sorghum of the high origin temp of indication of the present invention is meant that low temperature is sterile based on temperature sensitive, and high temperature can be educated the dual-purpose male sterile line of type, and the critical origin temp of stable sterile is higher relatively, is more than 24.5 ℃.The sensitive periods of fertility conversion, be meant that temperature changes influence the most responsive period to dual-purpose male sterile line fertility, be that pollen mother cell broke up to meiosis stage, be judged as the boot leaf leaf joint from profile and exceed down 0-8 centimetre of 2 leaf leaf joint, also 4-10 days (autumn) or 3-7 days (summer) before the i.e. heading.The production of two line method hybrid sorghum seed comprises parent's breeding and hybrid seeding.Breeding the parent must carry out under the isolation condition of strictness, and the method for isolation mainly adopts distance isolation, promptly with apart about 1 kilometer in other sorghum fields.The breeding of dual-purpose male sterile line is made the sowing material with breeder's stock, the arrangement in sowing time is mainly according to determining heading stage, in general 8 months, the last ten-days period daily mean temperature the highest, heading this moment, dual-purpose male sterile line sterile degree height, thus go up June to be arranged in sowing time, be advisable the middle ten days.It is identical with common Chinese sorghum cultivation method that male parent is recovered the breeding of system, but note that the impurity elimination guarantor is pure, and two line method Chinese sorghum hybrid seeding is maternal with dual-purpose male sterile line breeder's stock do sowing material.According to the different ecological point, can be divided into three types of summer system, Qiu Zhihe winter systems.Summer system is generally sowed in late March to late April, the flowering of earing of early July to late August.Autumn system is generally sowed late July to mid-August, the flowering of earing late September to mid-October.Winter system is generally sowed in mid-September to late November, the flowering of earing of mid-December to late Febuary.Father and mother's one's own profession ratio is 1: 4-6, planting density is 2000 strains of every mu of plantation male parent, maternal 8000-10000 strain.Regulating the florescence mainly is according to father and mother's length of this breeding time, has determined that the date of seeding of father and mother's basis is poor.As find that flower synchronization is bad, seedling stage can to the fast parent that grows with slow thinning, stay seedling, suitably increase the way control growing of density, behind the jointing parent's getting fat of growing slow surged or short its growth of spray plant growth regulator.Adopt artificial supplementary pollination, can increase substantially ripening rate and hybrid seed yield, the method for supplementary pollination mainly is hand male parent, or the row rod strikes powder, and also available paper bag is got the pollination of powder writing brush.Strict impurity elimination is the key that guarantees hybrid seed purity, and the method for impurity elimination is, removes earlier before the heading and the inconsistent plant of this appearance of father and mother, removes the plant that can educate individually in the maternal male sterile line during heading flowering again.In time harvest-seed extraction is produced qualified hybrid seed.
The present invention has following advantage: 1. the origin temp of dual-purpose male sterile line fertility conversion is brought up to more than 24.5 ℃ by 23.8 ℃, has enlarged seed production, particularly the range of choice of production of hybrid seeds ecosite.Seed production way expands Xia Zhihe autumn system to by winter system, has improved the safety coefficient of the production of hybrid seeds.2. by setting up the purification breeding system of core seeds, overcome the genetic shift phenomenon of dual-purpose male sterile line fertility effectively.The sterile plant rate of dual-purpose male sterile line is brought up to more than 98% by 50% under production of hybrid seeds temperature optical condition, has guaranteed the purity of hybrid seed.
Embodiment:
1. with white glutinous sorghum in Hunan and TX3197B hybridization, with the TX3197A transformation, in separating the offspring, the white grain glutinous sorghum of selecting for use fertility to have warm photaesthesia characteristic is a breeding material again, in mid-April and sowing in the last ten-days period, the early July and the middle ten days, higher temperature was selected the heading flowering down of press strip spare respectively.The plant that can educate and partly educate is pulled out in observation fertility performance, stays sterile strain and plants and cut stalk and regenerate.The flowering of earing under the hot conditions in mid-August and the last ten-days period of regeneration Chinese sorghum, performance can be educated, self-fertility.Through how stablize, breed the glutinous fine strain of millet 2S in the dual-purpose male sterile line of glutinous sorghum Hunan (being 24.5 ℃) and the glutinous fine strain of millet 3S in Hunan (being 26.5 ℃) of high origin temp for seed selection.With the single fringe of the glutinous fine strain of millet 2S in Hunan is material, the early April sowing, mid-June, fertility was changed sensitive periods by 24.5 ℃ of artificial bio-membrane's climatic chamber temperature controls, control light 30,000 LUX handle, heading flowering period microscopy pollen development situation, pull out and to educate and partly educate plant, stay the pollen abortion rate and reach 100% sterile plant, cut stalk regeneration.Regeneration plant in 8 months, ear under the hot conditions last ten-days period, transfer to and can educate, go out core seeds by self propagated, core seeds is sowed mid-April in the land for growing field crops, early July heading flowering, it is many to continue to pull out pollen amount, can the high plant of degree of educating, stay sterile plant, cut stalk regeneration, regeneration plant equally in 8 months, last ten-days period heading, self-fertility breeds the breeder's stock and the original seed of purification of stable.With Hunan glutinous fine strain of millet 2S original seed be formed in 4 months in the ground summers such as Guidong, Hunan, last ten-days period sowings, being formed on late July to early August in the ground autumns such as Hunan Jiang Yong sows, be formed in Sanya, Hainan winter and sow late September to mid-November, all show stable sterile, sterile plant rate reaches more than 98.5%, and sterile degree reaches more than 99.2%.With recovering is that male parent and its combo are made in Hunan 10721, and father and mother sow this same period, 1: 4 capable ratio, and flower synchronization is good.Adopt artificial pollination, the outcrossing seed-setting rate height.The double-line hybrid generation seed of producing shows characteristics such as high yield, high-quality, comprehensive proterties are good.
2. be material with the single fringe of the glutinous fine strain of millet S-1 in Hunan, press embodiment 1 described core seeds purification breeding method, utilizing artificial bio-membrane's climatic chamber control temperature is 23.8 ℃, obtained the Hunan glutinous fine strain of millet S-1 original seed of purification of stable, through with recovery be Hunan 10721 in Sanya, Hainan winter seed production, sow for early October to mid-November, the flowering of earing early January to mid-February, the glutinous fine strain of millet S-1 performance in Hunan stable fertility, sterile plant rate reaches 99.5%, and sterile degree reaches 100%.
3. be female parent with the glutinous fine strain of millet S-1 in Hunan, round-grained rice type Chinese sorghum RW is a paternal hybrid, sterile strain is backcrossed with RW again among the F2, selecting the yellow grain non glutinous sorghum of tool temperature light sensitive characteristic in separating the offspring for use is breeding material, press the dual-purpose sterile line breeding method of embodiment 1 described high origin temp, breed the dual-purpose male sterile line of non glutinous sorghum Hunan round-grained rice fine strain of millet 1S, the origin temp of its fertility conversion is 24.8 ℃.Press embodiment 1 purification breeding method, under 24.8 ℃ of conditions of temperature control, obtain the original seed of purification of stable.This male sterile line is in the flowering of earing of Changsha mid-July to late August, and performance can be educated.In Sanya, Hainan winter system, sowing mid-October, the flowering of earing mid-January, the performance stable sterile, sterile plant rate reaches 98%, and sterile degree reaches 99.5%, is as No. 5 combos of Shanxi fine strain of millet with recovering, and produces the double-line hybrid non glutinous sorghum, and hybrid vigour is strong.
4. be female parent with the glutinous fine strain of millet 2S in Hunan, variant of short stem after the red grain sugar grass irradiation treatment is a paternal hybrid, select for use in F2 generation sterile strain again with sugar grass backcross transformation of short stem, selecting the sugar grass of tool temperature light sensitive characteristic for use from separate the offspring is breeding material, the same dual-purpose sterile line breeding method of embodiment 1 described high origin temp of pressing, breed the sweet fine strain of millet 1S in the dual-purpose male sterile line of sugar grass Hunan, its fertility conversion origin temp is 25.5 ℃.As purification breeding method as described in the embodiment 1, by 25.5 ℃ of temperature controls, the original seed that is obtained in the Changsha in 8 months, the flowering of earing in the last ten-days period, can reach more than 75% by degree of educating, in liuyang hunan summer system, the early April sowing, early July heading flowering, sterility is stable, and sterile degree reaches more than 98.5%.With recovering is as 115 hybridization that outcrossing seed-setting rate height, the seed of producing are double-line hybrid sugar grass kind.
Claims (1)
1. the production method of a two line method hybrid sorghum seed comprises the seed selection of dual-purpose male sterile line, and the stable and crossbreeding of the purification of dual-purpose male sterile line is characterized in that:
(1) the dual-purpose male sterile line of the high origin temp of seed selection, with white glutinous sorghum in Hunan and TX3197B hybridization, again with the TX3197A transformation, or with non glutinous sorghum RW, the separation offspring of radiomutation sugar grass transformation of short stem is a material, the strain system that selects for use fertility to have warm photaesthesia characteristic is in 4 months, sowing in the last ten-days period is on July, the flowering of earing the middle ten days, select under the press strip spare 24.5-26.5 ℃ of higher temperature, the plant that the screening performance is sterile is cut stalk regeneration, and the regeneration Chinese sorghum is in 8 months, the flowering of earing under the hot conditions more than 27.5 ℃ the last ten-days period, transfer to and can educate, self-fertility, stable through many generation screenings, breed the higher glutinous type of fertility conversion origin temp, the dual-purpose male sterile line of round-grained rice type and sugar grass;
(2) be material with dual-purpose male sterile line list fringe, change sensitive periods in fertility, the control temperature is the origin temp of dual-purpose male sterile line fertility conversion, intensity of illumination is 2-3 ten thousand LUX, in heading flowering period microscopy pollen development situation, screen, remove the fertile plant that genetic shift takes place, stay the not sterile plant of drift, cut stalk regeneration, the flowering of under the natural climate condition of high temperature, earing of regeneration Chinese sorghum, performance can be educated, self propagated goes out core seeds, utilizes core seeds to breed the breeder's stock and the original seed thereof of purification of stable in the land for growing field crops;
(3) reach the dual-purpose sterile parent of being who stablizes purifying with high origin temp, select continuous more than 15 days daily mean temperature satisfy dual-purpose male sterile line and can educate the ecosite of warm optical condition and breed dual-purpose male sterile line, select the continuous ecosite that daily mean temperature satisfies the warm optical condition of dual-purpose male sterile line stable sterile more than 25 days to carry out the production of hybrid seeds.
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| CN99115403A CN1102335C (en) | 1999-06-03 | 1999-06-03 | Two-line hybridization method for producing sorghum seeds |
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| CN99115403A CN1102335C (en) | 1999-06-03 | 1999-06-03 | Two-line hybridization method for producing sorghum seeds |
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Cited By (10)
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| CN102657074A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-09-12 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | Method selecting and breeding hybrid glutinous sorghum |
| CN103518620A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-22 | 林平 | Cultivation method of new triploid sugar broomcorn product |
| CN103535273A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-29 | 林平 | Breeding method for new triploid sorghum hybrid products |
| CN103651099A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-03-26 | 中兴能源(内蒙古)有限公司 | Sweet sorghum sterile line breeding method |
| CN104126502A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2014-11-05 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | High-altitude seed production method for two-line sorghums |
| CN105706707A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-29 | 甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所 | High-yield cultivation method of photoperiod sensitive low-lignin sorghum hybrid grass by plastic film mulching and bunch planting |
| CN105706697A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-29 | 甘肃省敦煌种业股份有限公司研究院 | Method for breeding sorgo seeds |
| CN106577261A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-04-26 | 山西省农业科学院高粱研究所 | Method for selecting and breeding photoperiod-sensitive sterile sweet sorghum hybrid variety by means of photoperiod-sensitive sterility |
| CN107372100A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-11-24 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | A kind of method of Sorghum Hybrid breeding |
| CN110679477A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-14 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Breeding method of photoperiod strong-sensitivity BMR sorghum sterile line |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1203019A (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 1998-12-30 | 辽宁熊岳农业高等专科学校 | Cross-breeding process for Chinese sorghum sterile line '21A' |
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1999
- 1999-06-03 CN CN99115403A patent/CN1102335C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102657074A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-09-12 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | Method selecting and breeding hybrid glutinous sorghum |
| CN102657074B (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-11-27 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | Method for selecting and breeding hybrid glutinous sorghum |
| CN103518620A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-22 | 林平 | Cultivation method of new triploid sugar broomcorn product |
| CN103535273A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-29 | 林平 | Breeding method for new triploid sorghum hybrid products |
| CN103651099B (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2015-04-15 | 中兴能源(内蒙古)有限公司 | Sweet sorghum sterile line breeding method |
| CN103651099A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-03-26 | 中兴能源(内蒙古)有限公司 | Sweet sorghum sterile line breeding method |
| CN104126502A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2014-11-05 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | High-altitude seed production method for two-line sorghums |
| CN105706697A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-29 | 甘肃省敦煌种业股份有限公司研究院 | Method for breeding sorgo seeds |
| CN105706707A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-29 | 甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所 | High-yield cultivation method of photoperiod sensitive low-lignin sorghum hybrid grass by plastic film mulching and bunch planting |
| CN106577261A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-04-26 | 山西省农业科学院高粱研究所 | Method for selecting and breeding photoperiod-sensitive sterile sweet sorghum hybrid variety by means of photoperiod-sensitive sterility |
| CN107372100A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-11-24 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | A kind of method of Sorghum Hybrid breeding |
| CN110679477A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-14 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Breeding method of photoperiod strong-sensitivity BMR sorghum sterile line |
| CN110679477B (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-06-01 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Breeding method of photoperiod strong-sensitivity BMR sorghum sterile line |
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