CN111109072A - Breeding method of purple-yellow leaf ornamental type rape line - Google Patents
Breeding method of purple-yellow leaf ornamental type rape line Download PDFInfo
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- CN111109072A CN111109072A CN202010002449.7A CN202010002449A CN111109072A CN 111109072 A CN111109072 A CN 111109072A CN 202010002449 A CN202010002449 A CN 202010002449A CN 111109072 A CN111109072 A CN 111109072A
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- 240000000385 Brassica napus var. napus Species 0.000 claims 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of a purple and yellow leaf ornamental rape line. The method is characterized in that a first filial generation is obtained by taking a cabbage type rape radish cytoplasmic male sterile line with green-deficient heart leaves as a female parent and a purple red leaf cabbage type rape line as a male parent, and then the first filial generation is backcrossed with the purple red leaf cabbage type rape line to obtain the rape which is the purple yellow leaf ornamental type rape line. The purple-yellow leaf ornamental rape line has yellow heart leaves and purple-red other leaves, and is obviously different from novel ornamental rapes with other rape leaf colors. The rape can be used in tourist sightseeing and leisure places such as tourist attractions, parks, urban squares, urban road greening and the like, and has ornamental value when leaves and flowers are observed in seedling stage and flowering stage, and the ornamental value is more than six months.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a crop breeding method, in particular to a breeding method of a purple-yellow leaf ornamental rape line.
Background
Brassica plants of the brassicaceae family, which are one of the major oil crops in the world. The types of rape currently used in production are mainly cabbage type rape (Brassica napus L.), mustard type rape (Brassica juncea L.), and cabbage type rape (Brassica campestris L.). With the development of rape quality breeding, particularly the breeding and popularization of low-content (low erucic acid and low glucosinolate) rape varieties, the acquisition of high-quality rape oil and feed protein becomes the main purpose of rape production, and the development and progress of the world rape production are promoted.
The functions of rape are not limited to this, and in recent years, with the vigorous development of the tourism industry, the tourism functions of rape are revealed continuously. In the spring of recovering from everything, a brilliant rape field often attracts a large number of tourists. Chinese rapes are distributed throughout Yangtze river basin, Huang-Huai region, Qing-Tibetan plateau, Qinghai and other places, and provide extremely wide resources for tourism development all over the country. Only in Guizhou province of China, Ten major rape flower landscape tourist spots are launched in 2017, such as Yushui gold pot in Kaiyang county, Wanmu terrace rape flower sea in Guoka bay in Yupingcounty and Wanmu rape flower sea in Wankulin scenic spot in Xingyi city in Yuanjia county. Therefore, aiming at the development of rape tourism industry, more and more attention is paid to the cultivation of rape varieties (lines) with ornamental characters. By interspecific hybridization and quality improvement of cabbage and Chinese cabbage, the wild goose adult, etc. of academy of agricultural sciences, Henan province, invents a method for breeding a light yellow petal cabbage type rape line with excellent quality and purple stalks (Chinese patent application No. 201610548042.8), and the light yellow flower No. 1 bred by the method has two major requirements of appreciation and oil use of rape production. In addition, the invention of Zhanxi agricultural university Donghui et al provides a method for prolonging the flowering phase of rape and a method for producing seeds of sterile line rape (Chinese patent application No. 201610250303.8), which can be used for reserving the sowing of the next ornamental rape and solve the problem of short flowering time of rape. Currently, in existing rape lines, the color of the leaves is dominated by conventional green leaves. In 1997, the Guizhou oil-saving material research institute successfully developed a cabbage type rape line purple glycoside (Wangtong et al, 2007, the twelfth world rape congress statement). While yellow petals are most common in rape flower color, in recent years, white petals, deep yellow petals and color petals have been reported one after another, and color rape petals in the city of shiji 3702525of sichuan province in 2016 are favored by tourists. However, as tourist attractions such as scenic spots and parks, the selection of landscape rape should highlight the ornamental property of the whole growing season. Therefore, the color of the leaves makes the breeding method of the functional rape line which is watched with leaves in the seedling stage and flowers in the flowering stage more important in the cultivation of ornamental rape.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a purple yellow leaf cabbage type sightseeing rape line. The inventor utilizes the characteristics that the heart leaves of a cabbage type rape radish cytoplasmic male sterile line are green-lacking and yellow, and the leaves of the cabbage type purple red rape are purple red and dominantly inherited, transfers the purple red into the leaves of the radish cytoplasmic male sterile line through a sexual hybridization technology, and simultaneously retains the green-lacking and yellow characteristics of the heart leaves.
In order to realize the aim, the invention provides a breeding method of a purple-yellow leaf ornamental rape line, which is characterized in that a first filial generation is obtained by taking a cabbage type rape radish cytoplasmic male sterile line with green-lacking heart leaves as a female parent and a purple red leaf cabbage type rape line as a male parent, and then the purple red leaf cabbage type rape line is backcrossed to obtain the rape which is the purple-yellow leaf ornamental rape line.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of,
sowing: sowing the male parent and the female parent in a seedling transplanting mode or a direct seeding mode;
bagging: before buds and blossoms appear in the next year, a non-woven fabric bag is adopted, preferably the non-woven fabric bag is 20-30cm wide and 30-50cm long; bagging the male parent and the female parent respectively;
artificial pollination: after blooming, the flowers of the bagged male parent plant are taken, pollen is lightly smeared on flower stigmas of the bagged female parent plant in an artificial hybridization mode, and artificial pollination is completed;
uncovering the bag: after the rape withers flowers, non-woven fabric bags of male parent plants and female parent plants are uncovered in time;
harvesting: when male parent is bagged for selfing and female parentWhen the hybrid siliques turn yellow and the seeds are black brown or brown, the seeds can be harvested; wherein, the seeds harvested on the female parent are F hybridized by the female parent and the male parent1Generation of seed, the F1The seeds are sowed in the current year to show yellow heart leaves, purple red other leaves, 160cm-220cm of plant height and yellow petals;
backcrossing: using male parent strain as recurrent parent, and adding the obtained F1And (5) backcrossing the hybrids to obtain the stable purple-yellow leaf ornamental rape line.
Further, in the sowing step, the transplanting mode is to sow seeds from the bottom of August to the bottom of September; the direct seeding mode is to sow in the first ten days of September to the bottom of October.
Further, in the backcross step, backcross refers to backcross for more than 6 generations.
The invention makes full use of the yellowing of heart leaves of the cytoplasmic male sterile line of the green-deficient radish and the claret leaf characteristics (controlled by dominant genes), and introduces the color of the claret leaf into the cytoplasmic male sterile line of the green-deficient radish of the cabbage type rape through hybridization, thereby breeding the novel ornamental rape with yellow heart leaves and claret leaf colors which are obviously different from other rape leaf colors. The rape can be used in tourist sightseeing and leisure places such as tourist attractions, parks, urban squares, urban road greening and the like, and has ornamental value when leaves and flowers are observed in seedling stage and flowering stage, and the ornamental value is more than six months.
The cabbage type rape radish cytoplasmic male sterile line (the heart leaves are green-lacking) used by the invention has thorough fertility and is not influenced by climate factors. The purple red leaf cabbage type rape line is crossed with the sterile line and backcrossed and maintained to obtain the purple yellow leaf ornamental rape, namely the specific cabbage type rape radish cytoplasmic male sterile line. The seed production process simultaneously solves the problems that the fertility of the cytoplasmic sterile three lines is influenced by climate and 50 percent of fertile plants are extracted from the nuclear male sterile line, and has high seed production yield and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of the paternal red cabbage type rape "violbioside".
FIG. 2 is a photograph of cytoplasmic male sterile line of Brassica napus radish whose maternal heart leaves are green-deficient.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the ornamental type rape line purple yellow leaf rape No. 1 according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Example (b): breeding of purple yellow leaf rape No. 1
Male parent: purple red leaf cabbage type rape "violoside": the leaves of the cabbage type rape line bred by interspecific hybridization in the Guizhou province oil research institute are purple red from heart leaves, are dominant to conventional green leaves and are controlled by a pair of genes. See, tongjiang, w., h.zesu, t.zhuiing, y.xiaorong, d.wendong and s.mingbo (2007) Material weaving, feeding and analysis of push-red leaf marker in broadcast napus l. Proceedings of the 12th international patent conference, Wuhan, China, March 26-30,2007. (photograph is as shown in FIG. 1)
Female parent: brassica napus radish cytoplasmic male sterile line with green-deficient heart leaves, Ogu CMS. (see FIG. 2).
In the last ten days of September, a direct seeding mode is adopted to plant purple red leaf cabbage type rape purple glycosides and cabbage type radish cytoplasmic sterile line with green-lacking heart leaves. In the spring of the next year, non-woven fabric bags with the width of 20cm and the length of 50cm are adopted for respectively bagging and isolating the male parent and the female parent. And after the rape blooms, the non-woven fabric bag is uncovered, and the flowers on the male parent plants are picked up by using tweezers and placed into the pollen box. Then uncovering the non-woven fabric bag on the female parent plant, using forceps to hold the flowers of the male parent, and lightly pollinating the pollenLightly smearing on female stamen column head of female parent, and covering with non-woven bag to complete hybridization process. After the rape withers, the non-woven bag on the female parent is uncovered. When more than two thirds of rape plant siliques turn yellow, the seeds on the main inflorescence are black brown, and the seeds on the branches turn brown, F is harvested1Hybrid seed (this F)1The seeds are sowed in the current year to show yellow heart leaves, purple red other leaves, 160cm-220cm of plant height and yellow petals). Sowing the seeds in the next year1The hybrid seeds and the male parent are backcrossed by taking the male parent as a recurrent parent, and the backcrossed generation is 6, so that the ornamental rape line with purple and yellow leaves with stable characters is bred, and the inventor names the ornamental rape line with purple and yellow leaves as 'No. 1'. The rape line has yellow heart leaves in the seedling stage, purple red leaves in other leaves, gradually faded purple leaves before and after the initial flowering, yellow flower color, no pollen and plant height of 170-220cm (shown in figure 3). The purple yellow rape No. 1 blooms from the middle and late ten days of 2 months to the beginning of 4 months, leaves are observed in the seedling stage, flowers are observed in the flowering stage, and the ornamental period is more than six months.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A breeding method of purple-yellow leaf ornamental rape lines is characterized in that a first filial generation is obtained by using a cabbage type rape radish cytoplasmic male sterile line with green-deficient heart leaves as a female parent and a purple-red leaf cabbage type rape line as a male parent, and the purple-red leaf cabbage type rape line is backcrossed to obtain the rape which is the purple-yellow leaf ornamental rape line.
2. The method of breeding an ornamental canola line of claim 1, wherein the method comprises,
sowing: sowing the male parent and the female parent in a seedling transplanting mode or a direct seeding mode;
bagging: before buds and blossoms appear in the next year, a non-woven fabric bag is adopted, preferably the non-woven fabric bag is 20-30cm wide and 30-50cm long; bagging the male parent and the female parent respectively;
artificial pollination: after blooming, the flowers of the bagged male parent plant are taken, pollen is lightly smeared on flower stigmas of the bagged female parent plant in an artificial hybridization mode, and artificial pollination is completed;
uncovering the bag: after the rape withers flowers, non-woven fabric bags of male parent plants and female parent plants are uncovered in time;
harvesting: when the male parent is bagged for selfing and the female parent hybridized siliques turn yellow, and the seeds are black brown or brown, the seeds can be harvested; wherein, the seeds harvested on the female parent are F hybridized by the female parent and the male parent1Generation of seed, the F1The seeds are sowed in the current year to show yellow heart leaves, purple red other leaves, 160cm-220cm of plant height and yellow petals;
backcrossing: using male parent strain as recurrent parent, and adding the obtained F1And (5) backcrossing the hybrids to obtain the stable purple-yellow leaf ornamental rape line.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step of sowing, the seeds are sown from august to september in a transplanting manner; the direct seeding mode is to sow in the first ten days of September to the bottom of October.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step of backcrossing, the backcrossing is performed for more than 6 generations.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111149682A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-05-15 | 贵州省油料研究所(贵州省香料研究所) | Breeding method of colorful leaf dwarfing ornamental rape line |
| CN111789025A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-10-20 | 湖南省作物研究所 | Breeding method of ornamental special rape variety |
| CN112931193A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-06-11 | 贵州省油料研究所(贵州省香料研究所) | Field identification method for distinguishing Moli cytoplasm sterile plants and fertile plants of rape |
| CN112931194A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-06-11 | 贵州省油料研究所(贵州省香料研究所) | Breeding method of sterile line of Muli cytoplasmic male sterile system of rape |
| CN115211367A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-10-21 | 北京市农林科学院 | Application and method of pale yellow Chinese cabbage material in creating new color materials |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111149682A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-05-15 | 贵州省油料研究所(贵州省香料研究所) | Breeding method of colorful leaf dwarfing ornamental rape line |
| CN111149682B (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2022-10-04 | 贵州省油料研究所(贵州省香料研究所) | Breeding method of colorful leaf dwarfing ornamental rape line |
| CN111789025A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-10-20 | 湖南省作物研究所 | Breeding method of ornamental special rape variety |
| CN112931193A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-06-11 | 贵州省油料研究所(贵州省香料研究所) | Field identification method for distinguishing Moli cytoplasm sterile plants and fertile plants of rape |
| CN112931194A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-06-11 | 贵州省油料研究所(贵州省香料研究所) | Breeding method of sterile line of Muli cytoplasmic male sterile system of rape |
| CN115211367A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-10-21 | 北京市农林科学院 | Application and method of pale yellow Chinese cabbage material in creating new color materials |
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