CN111903514A - Breeding method of sightseeing deep pink kale type rape - Google Patents
Breeding method of sightseeing deep pink kale type rape Download PDFInfo
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- CN111903514A CN111903514A CN202010975128.5A CN202010975128A CN111903514A CN 111903514 A CN111903514 A CN 111903514A CN 202010975128 A CN202010975128 A CN 202010975128A CN 111903514 A CN111903514 A CN 111903514A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the breeding selection of rape varieties, namely a breeding selection method of sightseeing deep pink kale type rape, 3 mutant strains are the kale type rape with the rape gene of 'Zhongshuang No. 11', after many generations of mixing, deep pink special color appears; the method for systematic breeding, purification and rejuvenation by selfing the variant strains is utilized to obtain a stable ornamental rape new variety with deep pink flowers, and the novel ornamental rape new variety with deep pink flowers has the following two characteristics: 1. large petals, bright dark pink, long flowering phase and many flowers; 2. more than 180.3 kilograms of rapeseed is produced per mu, the oil content of the rapeseed is 45.04 percent, the glucosinolate content of the cake is less than 13 mu mol/g, the erucic acid content is 0, the oleic acid content is 45 percent, and the linolenic acid content is 14 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the breeding of rape varieties, in particular to a breeding method of sightseeing deep pink kale type rape.
Background
Rape, also called as cabbage, sow thistle, Latin Wenyang: brassica campestris L, Brassicaceae, Brassica, native to China, has dark green stems and yellow flowers. The main types of rape cultivation (variety) at present are: brassica rapa (Brassica rapa L.), Brassica juncea (Brassica juncea L.), and Brassica napus (Brassica napus L.).
Rape is mainly distributed in Anhui, Henan, Sichuan, Hunan, etc. The rape is rich in nutrition, and the content of vitamin C in the rape is very high. Rape is generally grown in locations with a relatively humid climate, mainly in the south of china. The rape is mainly used for pressing oil by rapeseed; with the rise and development of the tourism industry, people find that rape can be used for pressing oil, also find that a large-area golden rape flower is a bright scenic line in spring, a plurality of rape flower viewing and tourism areas exist in Hunan province, and the rape flower attracts a plurality of tourists to go to sightseeing and touring when the rape flower is full.
However, at present, the rape flowers are still few in color, white, purple red, orange red and the like in the prior art, small in petal, short in flowering phase and prone to lodging in the presence of wind, and the rape flowers serving as sightseeing flower crops are a non-avoidable defect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for breeding sightseeing deep pink kale type rape, aiming at breeding rape which not only can extract oil, but also has sightseeing flower type crops.
The ornamental deep pink flower cabbage type rape is a deep red flower rape mutant strain found in 3 safflower-blooming ornamental rape planted in practical technical research institute in county and countryside 4.2013 by Fujian ecological agriculture science and technology Limited liability company in Hunan province; the 3 ornamental cabbage type rape variant strains with the safflower found in the rape varieties with the Chinese cabbage type and the Chinese cabbage type with the safflower planted in the county and rural practical technical research institute are harvested, threshed, seedlings are grown and transplanted, and bagged and selfed to prevent the variegated flowers, and the ornamental cabbage type rape varieties with the safflower are obtained after the systematic breeding of five generations, purification and rejuvenation; after planting for many years, in 2013 and 4 months, researchers find 3 deep pink rape variant plants for the first time in the field of the ornamental rape planting area, wherein the 3 variant plants are the safflower cabbage type rape with the 'Zhongshuang No. 11' rape gene, and the deep pink special flower color appears after multi-generation mixing; the method for systematic breeding, purification and rejuvenation by selfing the variant strains is utilized to obtain a stable ornamental rape new variety with deep pink flowers.
In the cultivation process, single plant harvesting, single plant threshing and single plant seedling transplanting are strictly adopted, each mutant strain is planted in a cell, each single plant planted in each cell is bagged to prevent mixed flowers, and management is carried out according to the conventional rape cultivation technical measures. Through systematic breeding, purification and rejuvenation, a stable ornamental new species of the brassica oleracea type rape can be obtained through four generations.
In the cultivation process, selection criteria of plants are as follows:
1. large petals, deep pink color, long flowering period, many flowers, more than 180 cm of plant height, more than 9 effective branches at one time, no plant diseases and insect pests and no lodging; 2. the pod resistance is better, the rape pod is full, and more rapeseeds are grown.
In the process of cultivation, the selected 'Zhongshuang No. 11' is successfully bred under the subsidies of the national '863' and '973' and scientific support plans and the national rape industry technical system, successfully passes the national regional test and variety approval, and overcomes the three contradictions of high oil and high yield, high oil and disease resistance and high oil and low oil in rape breeding. The average oil content of the rapeseeds of the variety reaches 49.04 percent, the maximum oil yield of the rapeseeds per mu is 180.3 kilograms, the double-low quality is excellent, and the erucic acid content is reduced to zero; in addition, the variety also has the characteristics of strong disease resistance and lodging resistance.
However, the variety is only popularized and planted in main winter rape production areas of south China of Huaihe river of Jiangsu province, south China of Huaihe river of Anhui province, Zhejiang province and Shanghai city, and is rarely planted in Hunan province.
In the process of cultivation, reasonable cultivation is carried out: 1, timely early sowing: the suitable seeding period for seedling culture in the middle and downstream areas of the Yangtze river is 9 months middle and last ten days, and the seedling culture is transplanted in 10 months middle and last ten days; 2, reasonably close planting: under the medium fertility level, the reasonable density of seedling transplantation is 1.2-1.5 ten thousand plants/mu, when the fertility is higher, the density is 1.2 ten thousand plants/mu, and when the fertility is lower, the density is 1.5 ten thousand plants/mu; and 3, scientific fertilization: applying base fertilizer again, and applying 50 kg of compound fertilizer per mu; topdressing seedling fertilizer, and applying 10-15 kg of urea per mu when 5-8 true leaves are applied; applying boric fertilizer, wherein the borax is applied at the bottom by 1-1.5 kg per mu, and the borax solution with the concentration of 0.2% is sprayed in the moss period; 4, disease control: in the serious disease area, sclerotinia preventing and treating is carried out, the dimethachlon is sprayed one week after the initial flowering period, and the using amount and the concentration of the dimethachlon are 100g per mu and 50 kg of water is added.
The novel sightseeing type deep pink kale type rape variety has the following two characteristics: 1. large petals, bright dark pink, long flowering phase and many flowers; 2. more than 180.3 kilograms of rapeseed is produced per mu, the oil content of the rapeseed is 45.04 percent, the glucosinolate content of the cake is less than 13 mu mol/g, the erucic acid content is 0, the oleic acid content is 45 percent, and the linolenic acid content is 14 percent.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the method for breeding sightseeing deep pink kale type rape of the invention is provided by the specific implementation mode:
the ornamental deep pink cabbage type rape is a deep 28583 pink flowering rape discovered by 3 deep pink flowering rape planted by Fujian ecological agriculture science and technology Limited liability company in Hunan, 4 months in 2013, county rural practical technical research institute; the 3 ornamental cabbage type rape variant strains with the safflower found in the rape varieties with the Chinese cabbage type and the Chinese cabbage type with the safflower planted in the county and rural practical technical research institute are harvested, threshed, seedlings are grown and transplanted, and bagged and selfed to prevent the variegated flowers, and the ornamental cabbage type rape varieties with the safflower are obtained after the systematic breeding of five generations, purification and rejuvenation; after planting for many years, in 2013 and 4 months, researchers find 3 deep pink rape variant plants for the first time in the field of ornamental rape planting areas, wherein the 3 variant plants are the safflower cabbage type rape with the rape gene 'Zhongshuang No. 11', and the deep pink special flower color appears after multi-generation mixing; the method for systematic breeding, purification and rejuvenation by selfing the variant strains is utilized to obtain a stable ornamental rape new variety with deep pink flowers.
In the cultivation process, single plant harvesting, single plant threshing and single plant seedling transplanting are strictly adopted, each mutant strain is planted in a cell, each single plant planted in each cell is bagged to prevent mixed flowers, and management is carried out according to the conventional rape cultivation technical measures. Through systematic breeding, purification and rejuvenation, five generations are carried out from 2014 to 2018, and a stable ornamental deep pink kale type rape new variety is achieved.
In the cultivation process, selection criteria of plants are as follows:
1. large petals, deep pink color, long flowering period, many flowers, more than 180 cm of plant height, more than 9 effective branches at one time, no plant diseases and insect pests and no lodging; 2. the pod resistance is better, the rape pod is full, and more rapeseeds are grown.
In the process of cultivation, the selected 'Zhongshuang No. 11' is successfully bred under the subsidies of the national '863' and '973' and scientific support plans and the national rape industry technical system, successfully passes the national regional test and variety approval, and overcomes the three contradictions of high oil and high yield, high oil and disease resistance and high oil and low oil in rape breeding. The average oil content of the rapeseeds of the variety reaches 49.04 percent, the maximum oil yield of the rapeseeds per mu is 180.3 kilograms, the double-low quality is excellent, and the erucic acid content is reduced to zero; in addition, the variety also has the characteristics of strong disease resistance and lodging resistance.
However, the variety is only popularized and planted in main winter rape production areas of south China of Huaihe river of Jiangsu province, south China of Huaihe river of Anhui province, Zhejiang province and Shanghai city, and is rarely planted in Hunan province.
In the process of cultivation, reasonable cultivation is carried out: 1, timely early sowing: the suitable seeding period for seedling culture in the middle and downstream areas of the Yangtze river is 9 months middle and last ten days, and the seedling culture is transplanted in 10 months middle and last ten days; 2, reasonably close planting: under the medium fertility level, the reasonable density of seedling transplantation is 1.2-1.5 ten thousand plants/mu, when the fertility is higher, the density is 1.2 ten thousand plants/mu, and when the fertility is lower, the density is 1.5 ten thousand plants/mu; and 3, scientific fertilization: applying base fertilizer again, and applying 50 kg of compound fertilizer per mu; topdressing seedling fertilizer, and applying 10-15 kg of urea per mu when 5-8 true leaves are applied; applying boric fertilizer, wherein the borax is applied at the bottom by 1-1.5 kg per mu, and the borax solution with the concentration of 0.2% is sprayed in the moss period; 4, disease control: in the serious disease area, sclerotinia preventing and treating is carried out, the dimethachlon is sprayed one week after the initial flowering period, and the using amount and the concentration of the dimethachlon are 100g per mu and 50 kg of water is added.
The novel sightseeing type deep pink kale type rape variety has the following two characteristics: 1. large petals, bright dark pink, long flowering phase and many flowers; 2. more than 180.3 kilograms of rapeseed is produced per mu, the oil content of the rapeseed is 45.04 percent, the glucosinolate content of the cake is less than 13 mu mol/g, the erucic acid content is 0, the oleic acid content is 45 percent, and the linolenic acid content is 14 percent.
Claims (5)
1. A method for breeding ornamental type deep pink flower cabbage type rape is characterized in that 3 deep pink flower rape mutant strains are found in ornamental type rape which is planted by Fujian ecological agriculture science and technology Limited liability company in Hunan at 4 months in 2013, and practical technical research institute in county and rural areas, wherein the ornamental type rape which is planted in the county is full of safflower; the 3 ornamental cabbage type rape variant strains with the safflower found in the rape varieties with the Chinese cabbage type and the Chinese cabbage type with the safflower planted in the county and rural practical technical research institute are harvested, threshed, seedlings are grown and transplanted, and bagged and selfed to prevent the variegated flowers, and the ornamental cabbage type rape varieties with the safflower are obtained after the systematic breeding of five generations, purification and rejuvenation; after planting for many years, in 2013 and 4 months, researchers find 3 deep pink rape variant plants for the first time in the field of the ornamental rape planting area, wherein the 3 variant plants are the safflower cabbage type rape with the 'Zhongshuang No. 11' rape gene, and the deep pink special flower color appears after multi-generation mixing; the method for systematic breeding, purification and rejuvenation by selfing the variant strains is utilized to obtain a stable ornamental rape new variety with deep pink flowers.
2. The method for breeding ornamental deep pink Brassica napus according to claim 1, wherein the steps of harvesting, threshing and seedling transplanting are strictly adopted, each mutant strain is planted in a cell, each single strain planted in each cell is bagged to prevent mixed flowers, the management is carried out according to the conventional rape cultivation technical measures, and the stable new ornamental deep pink Brassica napus variety can be obtained through systematic breeding, purification and rejuvenation and four generations.
3. A method for breeding ornamental deep pink kale type rape is characterized in that in the process of cultivation, the selection standard of plants is as follows: 1. large petals, deep pink color, long flowering period, many flowers, more than 180 cm of plant height, more than 9 effective branches at one time, no plant diseases and insect pests and no lodging; 2. the pod resistance is better, the rape pod is full, and more rapeseeds are grown.
4. A method for selectively breeding ornamental deep pink kale type rape is characterized in that in the breeding process, the selected 'Zhongshuang No. 11' is successfully bred under the subsidies of the national '863' and '973' and the technical support plan and the national rape industry technical system, the national regional test and variety approval are successfully passed, and the three contradictions of high oil and high yield, high oil and disease resistance, and high oil and low oil in rape breeding are overcome.
5. A method for breeding ornamental deep pink kale type rape is characterized in that in the process of cultivation, reasonable cultivation is carried out: 1, timely early sowing: the suitable seeding period for seedling culture in the middle and downstream areas of the Yangtze river is 9 months middle and last ten days, and the seedling culture is transplanted in 10 months middle and last ten days; 2, reasonably close planting: under the medium fertility level, the reasonable density of seedling transplantation is 1.2-1.5 ten thousand plants/mu, when the fertility is higher, the density is 1.2 ten thousand plants/mu, and when the fertility is lower, the density is 1.5 ten thousand plants/mu; and 3, scientific fertilization: applying base fertilizer again, and applying 50 kg of compound fertilizer per mu; topdressing seedling fertilizer, and applying 10-15 kg of urea per mu when 5-8 true leaves are applied; applying boric fertilizer, wherein the borax is applied at the bottom by 1-1.5 kg per mu, and the borax solution with the concentration of 0.2% is sprayed in the moss period; 4, disease control: in the serious disease area, sclerotinia preventing and treating is carried out, the dimethachlon is sprayed one week after the initial flowering period, and the using amount and the concentration of the dimethachlon are 100g per mu and 50 kg of water is added.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010975128.5A CN111903514A (en) | 2020-09-16 | 2020-09-16 | Breeding method of sightseeing deep pink kale type rape |
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| CN202010975128.5A CN111903514A (en) | 2020-09-16 | 2020-09-16 | Breeding method of sightseeing deep pink kale type rape |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113439624A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-09-28 | 湖南省作物研究所 | Method for screening cabbage type rape varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting and application thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105075853A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-11-25 | 临澧县祥云旅游开发有限公司 | Breeding method of sightseeing white flower brassica napus |
| CN105766617A (en) * | 2016-03-12 | 2016-07-20 | 临澧县祥云旅游开发有限公司 | Selection method of ornamental red cabbage oilseed rapes |
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2020
- 2020-09-16 CN CN202010975128.5A patent/CN111903514A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105075853A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-11-25 | 临澧县祥云旅游开发有限公司 | Breeding method of sightseeing white flower brassica napus |
| CN105766617A (en) * | 2016-03-12 | 2016-07-20 | 临澧县祥云旅游开发有限公司 | Selection method of ornamental red cabbage oilseed rapes |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113439624A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-09-28 | 湖南省作物研究所 | Method for screening cabbage type rape varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting and application thereof |
| CN113439624B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2022-05-03 | 湖南省作物研究所 | Method for screening cabbage type rape varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201110 |