CN1274808C - 一种培养蜡蚧轮枝菌的方法 - Google Patents

一种培养蜡蚧轮枝菌的方法 Download PDF

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CN1274808C
CN1274808C CN 200410058017 CN200410058017A CN1274808C CN 1274808 C CN1274808 C CN 1274808C CN 200410058017 CN200410058017 CN 200410058017 CN 200410058017 A CN200410058017 A CN 200410058017A CN 1274808 C CN1274808 C CN 1274808C
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verticillium lecanii
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CN1587377A (zh
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张龙
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Shanghai Nong Le Biological Products Co ltd
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China Agricultural University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种培养蜡蚧轮枝菌的方法。该培养蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticilliumlecanii)Verle Bj085-1 CGMCC №1187的方法是将菌株接种到液体培养基中,在23-25℃下培养得到蜡蚧轮枝菌产品;所述液体培养基含有1-3%重量的蔗糖,2-4%重量的淀粉,2-4%重量的啤酒酵母,0.1-0.3%重量的碳酸钙,余量为水。该菌株液体发酵工艺生产中所用原料便宜、来源广、生产工艺较为简单,而且生产过程无污染性废料、废渣和废气产生,适用于大规模生产。

Description

一种培养蜡蚧轮枝菌的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种培养蜡蚧轮枝菌的方法,特别是涉及培养蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)Verle Bj085-1CGMCC №1187的方法。
背景技术
蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)既可寄生于白粉虱、蚜虫、蚧、鞘翅目、鳞翅目等害虫,还可以寄生于锈病、立枯病病菌、白粉病等植物病菌,并且遗传稳定性较好,对人、植物、畜、禽均未发现有毒害,对天敌昆虫安全,因此在防治保护地菜虫中具有重要潜力。
发明内容
本发明的发明人研究筛选到了一种新的蜡蚧轮枝菌。
本发明所提供的蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)Verle(Bj085-1)已于2004年07月12日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(简称CGMCC),保藏号为CGMCC №1187。
在光学显微镜(400倍)可以看到在该菌株的菌丝上长着分生孢子梗,分生孢子梗直立,锥形瓶梗轮生于菌丝体中间或顶部。分生孢子呈椭圆形,大小为2.3-6.4×1.5微米。在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂(PDA)培养基上菌株的菌落为圆形、白色,菌落中央隆起呈笠状。本发明的菌株Bj085-1与现有的已知菌株相比,更耐低温,温度范围在10-15摄氏度,分生孢子萌发率可达43-89%(24小时)。该菌株以5百万个孢子接种2龄温室白粉虱,7天后,致死率为87%以上,比未经单孢分离的原菌株致病力提高15-20%。
蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)Verle(Bj085-1)的培养方法,是将菌株接种到液体培养基中,在23-25℃下培养得到蜡蚧轮枝菌产品;所述液体培养基含有1-3%重量的蔗糖,2-4%重量的淀粉,2-4%重量的啤酒酵母,0.1-0.3%重量的碳酸钙,余量为水。
其中,优选液体培养基含有2%重量的蔗糖,3%重量的淀粉,3%重量的啤酒酵母,0.2%重量的碳酸钙,余量为水。优选培养温度为23℃。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种以本发明菌株为活性成分的杀虫剂。
将培养得到的蜡蚧轮枝菌产品可配制成浓度为10×109孢子/毫升的孢子悬浮液保存于0℃-15℃环境中,保存时间可达6个月左右。作为杀虫剂使用时,将该悬浮液稀释后喷雾使用。
本发明液体培养蜡蚧轮枝菌的工艺流程如图1所示。本发明的蜡蚧轮枝菌菌株对我国温室白粉虱和蚜虫有良好的防治效果。该蜡蚧轮枝菌液体发酵工艺生产中所用原料便宜、来源广、生产工艺较为简单,而且生产过程无污染性废料、废渣和废气产生,环保。用该产品防治温室白粉虱和蚜虫等害虫,可以减少化学农药对蔬菜和环境的污染,而且对人畜十分安全,保证蔬菜的无公害生产。温室白粉虱和蚜虫是我国蔬菜特别是保护地蔬菜生产中的主要害虫,发生面积广大、危害严重,因此本发明的杀虫剂产品具有广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为液体培养蜡蚧轮枝菌的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
实施例1、筛选蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)Verle(Bj085-1)CGMCC №1187
将患有蜡蚧轮枝菌病的温室白粉虱尸体经过70%酒精浸泡表面消毒后,放于100%相对湿度、23℃条件下培养,长出菌丝体后,用接种针挑出菌丝并接种在PDA培养基上,在23℃下继续培养15天-20天,按常规方法进行单孢分离、培养,得到纯的、致病力强的菌株蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)Verle(Bj085-1)CGMCC №1187。
对得到的菌株进行生物测定,在实验室种群中挑选3-4龄无病的温室白粉虱若虫作为试虫。把若虫接在番茄幼苗上,并用扎眼透气的塑料口杯罩住,防止试虫外逃。按生物测定的实验规则,将蜡蚧轮枝菌产品用无菌水稀释为5个浓度,分别为104、105、106、107、108;以无菌水为阴性对照。孢子悬浮液和对照溶液中均加入1%吐温-20。每个剂量进行3次重复,每次重复30头试虫,按下述方法进行接种:用微量注射器吸取0.1ml的蜡蚧轮枝菌孢子悬浮液,滴于虫体表面,待虫体表面干后,放回番茄苗上,盖好塑料口杯,放于相对湿度为90%以上的光照培养箱中,在23℃-25℃下每天光照培养12小时,暗培养12小时。每天记录观察试虫的死亡率。
结果表明,接种后9天校正死亡率分别为74.0%7±4.15;60.71%±4.75;55.71%±9.81;48.57%±8.21;38%±5.58。
实施例2、培养蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)Verle(Bj085-1)CGMCC №1187
采用液体发酵大量生产蜡蚧轮枝菌:首先将活化后的蜡蚧轮枝菌Verle(Bj085-1)用无菌水稀释至浓度为107孢子/毫升孢子悬浮液,然后以千分之一的比例接种到灭菌的装有5000L液体培养基的发酵罐中,液体培养基含有:2%重量的蔗糖,3%重量的淀粉,3%重量的啤酒酵母,0.2%重量的碳酸钙,其余为水。将培养基在0.15MPa下灭菌3个小时,然后用于接种。接种完成后调节搅拌器转速为140转/分钟,保持温度23℃培养3天后出罐。
将带有蜡蚧轮枝菌菌丝和分生孢子的液体培养基以3000转/分钟离心30分钟,去掉上清液,取出沉淀,以无菌水配置成10×109孢子/毫升的孢子悬浮液,在0℃-15℃环境中可保存6个月。
实施例3、培养蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)Verle(Bj085-1)CGMCC №1187
培养方式同实施例2,不同之处在于所用液体培养基为:1%重量的蔗糖,4%重量的淀粉,2%重量的啤酒酵母,0.3%重量的碳酸钙,其余为水,培养温度为23℃,培养3天后得到蜡蚧轮枝菌产品。
实施例4、培养蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)Verle(Bj085-1)CGMCC №1187
培养方式同实施例2,不同之处在于所用液体培养基为:3%重量的蔗糖,2%重量的淀粉,4%重量的啤酒酵母,0.1%重量的碳酸钙,其余为水,培养温度为23℃,培养3天后得到蜡蚧轮枝菌产品。
实施例5、蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)Verle(Bj085-1)CGMCC №1187防治温室白粉虱
在温室白粉虱发生时,将实施例2所得蜡蚧轮枝菌产品在室温下用水配置成5×107孢子/毫升孢子悬浮液,以清水为对照,分两次喷雾,间隔7天,每次喷雾1000ml/亩。第二次喷雾10天后进行统计,喷本发明杀虫剂的处理中害虫大量死亡,较对照高出70%。
实施例6、蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)Verle(Bj085-1)CGMCC №1187防治蚜虫
在蚜虫发生时,将实施例2所得蜡蚧轮枝菌产品在室温下用水配置成5×107孢子/毫升孢子悬浮液,以清水为对照,分两次喷雾,间隔7天,每次喷雾1000ml/亩。第二次喷雾10天后进行统计,喷本发明杀虫剂的处理中害虫大量死亡,较对照高出67%。

Claims (3)

1、一种培养蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)Verle Bj085-1 CGMCC №1187的方法,是将菌株接种到液体培养基中,在23-25℃下培养得到蜡蚧轮枝菌产品;所述液体培养基由1-3%重量的蔗糖,2-4%重量的淀粉,2-4%重量的啤酒酵母,0.1-0.3%重量的碳酸钙,余量为水组成。
2、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述液体培养基含有2%重量的蔗糖,3%重量的淀粉,3%重量的啤酒酵母,0.2%重量的碳酸钙,余量为水。
3、根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:所述培养温度为23℃。
CN 200410058017 2004-08-06 2004-08-06 一种培养蜡蚧轮枝菌的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1274808C (zh)

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CN101248799B (zh) * 2008-03-04 2011-10-19 云南农业大学 一种蜡蚧轮枝菌杀虫剂及其应用
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