CN1264398C

CN1264398C - Culturing method for sapling of Chinese pine or Chinese juniper by container in greenhouse

Info

Publication number: CN1264398C
Application number: CN 200310119170
Authority: CN
Inventors: 华利军; 刘守忠; 冯臣; 王志刚; 张文杰
Original assignee: 华利军
Priority date: 2003-12-19
Filing date: 2003-12-19
Publication date: 2006-07-19
Anticipated expiration: 2023-12-19
Also published as: CN1552184A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for culturing Chinese pines or junipers with containers in a greenhouse, which comprises the procedures: greenhouse building, water storage, cup taking, matrix soil preparation, matrix soil disinfection, cup filling, sowing, sufficient bottom water pouring before the sowing, once nitrofen spraying after the sowing and temperature and humidity control after the sowing, wherein the peripheries of the bottoms of cups are provided with holes for seed sprouting processing; farmland soil, raw clay and farmyard manure are prepared according to the proportion of (1 to 3): (1-3): 1, two to three kilograms can be added to per cubic meter, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are prepared according to the weight share proportion of (30 to 47): (15 to 20): (15 to 20); 5 to 15 grains are sowed in each container cup, and then, fine sand soil with the thickness of one to two centimeters fills the openings of the cups flat; the dosage is 1.2 to 1.5 grams/m<2>; temperature in the greenhouse is controlled between 5 DEG and 30 DEG, water is compensated with water in a reservoir according to soil moisture status, weeds are timely pulled out, and saplings are planted after 180 days to 210 days. The present invention has the advantages of short seedling culturing time, high land utilization rate, high rate of emergence, easy temperature and humidity control, light winter insect harm and easy management, and can reduce the sunscald of seedlings in summers and prevent damping-off from occurring.

Description

The booth container is cultivated the method for Chinese pine or arbor-vitae

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of booth container and cultivate the method for Chinese pine or arbor-vitae sapling.

Background technology

In northern China high mountain or mountainous region, the main forest plant arbor of afforestation is based on Chinese pine, arbor-vitae, because high mountain or mountainous region's soil property are poor, the no rain of arid has a strong impact on survival rate.Grow seedlings outdoor because northern area arid is serious, vegetation is few on the mountain, soil layer thin, one hundred days seedling is gone up a hill afforestation do not have protect, Miao Taixiao, the high temperature 1-2 days seedlings that are exposed to the sun are just dried more than 30 ℃.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to solve the problems referred to above that prior art exists, a kind of seedling raise period that shortens is provided, the land utilization rate height, the emergence rate height, temperature, humidity are easy to control, can reduce and burn nursery stock day in summer and prevent that damping off from taking place, winter, damage by disease and insect was lighter, and the booth container of being convenient to manage is cultivated the method for Chinese pine or arbor-vitae.

Technical solution of the present invention is: build canopy, retaining, at the distance water source, power supply, nearer place, native source build booth, and at the built-in 1-2 of a booth cistern, said cistern is evenly distributed in the booth; Get cup, the plastic containers cup that extracting waste or black base are porose, specification is 8 * 12 centimetres or 9 * 13 centimetres, at the bottom of cup around punching; Seed vernalization is handled, with the seed concentration of Chinese pine or arbor-vitae is ferrous sulfate sterilization 1-2 hour of 1-2%, be placed in 40-50 ℃ the warm water and soaked 16-24 hour, pull the container bag of packing into then out, be placed on heating installation, presprouting of seeds is carried out in the higher place of temperature, stir 1-2 every day, and the trickle maintenance is moistening, and seed splits and gets final product; Matrix soil preparation, get farmland soil, raw clay, farmyard manure with 1-3: 1-3: 1 ratio preparation, during preparation various raw material pulverizing are stirred, every cubic metre can add azophoska 2-3 kilogram, wherein nitrogen: phosphorus: the potassium weight ratio is 30-47: 15-20: 15-20; The matrix soil disinfection is after the copperas solution of 1-2% fully stirs, to stack 3-12 days with matrix soil and concentration; Dress cup is contained in matrix soil in the cup, and the compacting of native limit is put on the limit during dress cup, and the container cup that installs soil is uprightly neatly put by around the real seedbed and enclosed with plank, in case collapse; Vola water is watered in sowing before the sowing, sowing 5-15 grain in each container cup, it is equal with rim of a cup to cover 1-2 centimetre of thin sand and soil then, after planting sprays nitrofen one time, consumption be the 1.2-1.5 gram/square metre, sowing is end before January 12; After planting control temperature of shed and humidity, canopy temperature is 5 ℃-30 ℃, according to soil moisture content, carries out moisturizing with the water in the cistern, weeding in time, and through 180--210 days, sapling went out the garden.

Advantage of the present invention is:

1, shorten seedling raise period, 2 years grow seedlings is to grow seedlings in a season, prolongs container seedling vegetative period simultaneously, improve the nursery stock degree of lignification, and before January 12, finished sowing, think that northern area afforestation in rainy season provides sapling, guarantee seedling quality and quantity, improve survival rate.

2, winter labour's abundance, not with strive time, struggle for the work force between farming and nonfarming sectors farming season, strive water, strive electricity, the expense of growing seedlings reduces.

3, booth can be built water source, power supply, nearer place, native source in, and facility is complete, is convenient to management, and is nearer from planting site, and the transportation nursery stock is convenient.

4, temperature, humidity are easy to control, can reduce to burn and damping off nursery stock day in summer, and winter, damage by disease and insect was lighter.

Embodiment

1, Jian Peng, retaining, at the distance water source, power supply, nearer place, native source build booth, and at the built-in 1-2 of a booth cistern, said cistern is evenly distributed in the booth;

2, extracting container cup

Extracting waste or black plastic film container cup, specification is 8 * 12 centimetres or 9 * 13 centimetres, punching on every side at the bottom of cup.(these two kinds of bags are long-pending less, and floor space is little, yield per unit area is high, and are little with the soil amount, help the booth container nursery.)

3, presprouting of seeds is handled

With the seed concentration of Chinese pine or arbor-vitae is that the ferrous sulfate sterilization of 1-2% is after 1-2 hour, be placed in 40-50 ℃ the warm water and soaked 16-24 hour, pull the container bag of packing into then out, be placed on heating installation, presprouting of seeds is carried out in the higher place of temperature, stir 1-2 every day, and the trickle maintenance is moistening, and winter is for improving temperature, can be at seed upper cover plastics, seed splits and can sow.

4, matrix soil preparation

With farmland soil, raw clay (river silt soil or hillside soil), farmyard manure (can adopt the sheep excrement) with 1-3: 1-3: 1 ratio preparation, during preparation various raw material pulverizing are stirred, in order to increase fertility, every cubic metre of matrix soil can add azophoska 2-3 kilogram, wherein nitrogen: phosphorus: the potassium ratio of weight and number is 30-47: 15-20: 15-20.

5, matrix soil disinfection

Take place in order to reduce seedling stage diseases and pests, will carry out disinfection to matrix soil before the container bag of packing into, method is to be after the copperas solution of 1-2% fully stirs with matrix soil and concentration, stacks to get final product in 3-12 days.

6, dress cup

Matrix soil is contained in the container cup, and the compacting of native limit is put on the limit during dress cup, and the container cup that installs soil is uprightly neatly put by on the tangible seedbed, encloses with plank all around, in case collapse.In order to increase a dress cup quantity, make full use of booth, except that pavement on every side, middle pendulum brick pier is to increase the yield per unit area.

7, sowing

Water vola water before the sowing, sowing 5-15 grain in each container cup, it is equal with rim of a cup to cover 1-2 centimetre of thin sand and soil then.After planting spray nitrofen one time, consumption be 1.2-1.5 gram/square metre, sowing finished before January 12.

8, control temperature of shed, humidity

After planting control temperature of shed and humidity, canopy temperature remains on 5 ℃-30 ℃, can be controlled in 5 ℃-7 ℃ evening, if evening, greenhouse temperature was on the low side, can use the electric heater additional heat; According to soil moisture content, carry out moisturizing with the water in the cistern, through 180-210 days, sapling went out the garden, to be used for north afforestation in rainy season.

Claims

1, a kind of booth container is cultivated the method for Chinese pine or arbor-vitae, it is characterized in that:

1.1, Jian Peng, retaining, at the distance water source, power supply, nearer place, native source build booth, and at the built-in 1-2 of a booth cistern, said cistern is evenly distributed in the booth;

1.2, get cup, the plastic containers cup that extracting waste or black base are porose, specification is 8 * 12 centimetres or 9 * 13 centimetres, at the bottom of cup around punching;

1.3, seed vernalization handles, with the seed concentration of Chinese pine or arbor-vitae is that the ferrous sulfate sterilization of 1-2% is after 1-2 hour, be placed in 40-50 ℃ the warm water and soaked 16-24 hour, pull the container bag of packing into then out, be placed on heating installation, presprouting of seeds is carried out in the higher place of temperature, stir 1-2 every day, and the trickle maintenance is moistening, and seed splits and gets final product;

1.4, matrix soil preparation, get farmland soil, raw clay, farmyard manure with 1-3: 1-3: 1 ratio preparation, during preparation various raw material pulverizing are stirred, every cubic metre can add azophoska 2-3 kilogram, wherein nitrogen: phosphorus: the potassium ratio of weight and number is 30-47: 15-20: 15-20;

1.5, the matrix soil disinfection, be after the copperas solution of 1-2% fully stirs, to stack 3-12 days with matrix soil and concentration;

1.6, dress cup, matrix soil is contained in the cup, the compacting of native limit is put on the limit during dress cup, the container cup that installs soil is uprightly neatly put by around the real seedbed and is enclosed with plank, in case collapse;

1.7, sowing, water vola water before the sowing, sowing 5-15 grain in each container cup, it is equal with rim of a cup to cover 1-2 centimetre of thin sand and soil then, after planting sprays nitrofen one time, consumption be the 1.2-1.5 gram/square metre, sowing is end before January 12;

1.8, after planting control temperature of shed and humidity, canopy temperature is 5 ℃-30 ℃, according to soil moisture content, carries out moisturizing with the water in the cistern, weeding in time, through 180-210 days, sapling went out the garden.