CN104380991A - Planting method for Chinese pines - Google Patents
Planting method for Chinese pines Download PDFInfo
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- CN104380991A CN104380991A CN201410654827.4A CN201410654827A CN104380991A CN 104380991 A CN104380991 A CN 104380991A CN 201410654827 A CN201410654827 A CN 201410654827A CN 104380991 A CN104380991 A CN 104380991A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0231—Tunnels, i.e. protective full coverings for rows of plants
Abstract
The invention provides a planting method for Chinese pines. The planting method comprises the following steps of (1) collecting seeds, namely collecting seeds when cones of the Chinese pines turn into yellow green from green between September and October a year before planting, selecting the Chinese pines which are more than 20 years old in tree age, develop robustly and do not have diseases and pests as seed collecting parent trees, spreading and airing the collected cones in a ventilating way, turning once every day, beating and turning the cones back and forth by using a stick after the cones are aired for one week, making the seeds separated from the cones, collecting the seeds, rubbing to remove wings, screening to remove impurities, airing to dryness, and storing for standby use; (2) selecting land, namely selecting a north slope which is gentle in terrain and consists of sandy soils as a piece of planting land; (3) performing land preparation, namely deeply ploughing in rainy season a year before planting, shallowly ploughing in early spring in the planting year, and immediately hacking and levelling after shallow ploughing; (4) making a bed, namely taking a flat bed as the bed and ensuring the bed surface is flat; (5) accelerating germination of the seeds; (6) disinfecting; (7) sowing; (8) performing seedling management; (9) nurturing; (10) performing winter protection. According to the planting method, the survival rate is higher.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods, particularly relate to the implantation methods of a kind of Chinese pine.
Background technology:
Chinese pine, for heliophilous species, happiness light, anti-barren, wind resistance, well developed root system, sandy soil layer and the exposed rock seam of weathering can be penetrated, have good to conserve water and soil, performance of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, be the pioneer tree species of afforestation, can be used for the fields such as building, electric pole, ore pillar, shipbuilding, utensil, furniture and xylem fibre industry.Chinese pine is Chinese endemic tree, produces the provinces and regions such as northeast, Central Plains, northwest and southwest.The defect that existing Chinese pine implantation methods exists is: the plantation survival rate of Chinese pine is not good, causes waste.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the implantation methods of a kind of Chinese pine, and plantation survival rate is higher.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is:
An implantation methods for Chinese pine, comprises the following steps:
(1) collect seed: before planting between the September to October in 1 year, collect seed when the cone of Chinese pine becomes yellow green from green, select the age of tree to be more than 20 years, grow stalwartness, be seed collecting elite stand without the Chinese pine number of damage by disease and insect, spread airing out by adopting the cone ventilation of getting off, stir every day once, airing is beaten cone with waddy after one week and is stirred back and forth, seed is deviate from cone, collect seed and wing is removed in rubbing, screening impurity elimination, it is for subsequent use to dry rear storage;
(2) selection of land: select physical features north slope that is mild, that be made up of sandy loam to be planting site;
(3) wholely: deep plough the rainy season of 1 year before planting, plough shallowly early spring then in plantation, after shallow plowing, harrow a kind of farm tools immediately;
(4) make bed: make bed with level bed, bed surface is smooth, without stone, grass roots;
(5) presprouting of seeds: vernalization was carried out to seed in 10 days prior to seeding, soak seed 1 hour with the copperas solution of 2% concentration, soak seed 1 hour with the liquor potassic permanganate of 1% concentration again, 3 times are cleaned with water, by the water logging kind 24 hours of 50 DEG C, spread after pulling out on straw bag, watering every day after covering, turn each once, when seed grin reach more than 70% time sowing;
(6) sterilize: within 15 days, spray bed surface sterilization with 3% ferrous sulfate prior to seeding;
(7) sow: sow between early April at plantation late March then, with the sowing of bar broadcast mode, seed is evenly sowed at bed surface, earthing, within after planting 10 days, seed sprouting is unearthed;
(8) seedling management: thinning 3 times between plantation June to July then, thinning is carried out after the rain, adopts the mode thinning of hand-lifting, scissors or hand hoe; Seedling growth stage carries out 3 weedings, and topdresses, waters;
(9) foster: planting and carry out first time June to mid-July then and foster, fostering content for loosening the soil, weeding; Plantation August to mid-September is then carried out second time and is fostered, foster content for loosening the soil, weeding, ridging; Plantation Second Year, July to August of the 3rd year foster once respectively, foster content for loosening the soil, weeding;
(10) cold-proof: to carry out before freeze-up every year cold-proof, Chinese pine nursery stock is covered completely with soil, above seedbed, arched frame is made with reinforcing bar, bamboo chip, on arched frame, cover film makes shed, cover thick straw screen or mat at shed upper surface, thick straw screen or mat, shed, arched frame, earthing remove by Second Year late April.
Preferably, in step of the present invention (2), the gradient of north slope is less than or equal to 25 degree.
Preferably, in step of the present invention (3), the degree of depth of deep ploughing is 20 ~ 25cm.
Preferably, in step of the present invention (3), the degree of depth of shallow plowing is 15 ~ 20cm.
Preferably, in step of the present invention (4), the width of bed surface is 85 ~ 95cm.
Preferably, in step of the present invention (7), the sown scope of drilling is 4 ~ 7cm, and line-spacing is 16 ~ 22cm.
Preferably, in step of the present invention (7), the height of earthing is 1cm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) by the cold damage of fostering step effectively to prevent treelet to be subject to, frostbite, freeze injury, also can the terminal bud part of available protecting treelet make it exempt from gnawing of the animal such as goat, hare, thus improve plantation survival rate;
(2) cold-proof step adopts the mode that earthing and plastic film covering combine, and the effect of cold-proof heat insulation is fine, and can moisturizing, and Comparison of Management is convenient, makes treelet be able to safety and passes the winter, improve plantation survival rate further.
Embodiment:
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, be used for explaining the present invention in this illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
An implantation methods for Chinese pine, comprises the following steps:
(1) collect seed: before planting between the September to October in 1 year, collect seed when the cone of Chinese pine becomes yellow green from green, select the age of tree to be more than 20 years, grow stalwartness, be seed collecting elite stand without the Chinese pine number of damage by disease and insect, spread airing out by adopting the cone ventilation of getting off, stir every day once, airing is beaten cone with waddy after one week and is stirred back and forth, seed is deviate from cone, collect seed and wing is removed in rubbing, screening impurity elimination, it is for subsequent use to dry rear storage;
(2) selection of land: select physical features north slope that is mild, that be made up of sandy loam to be planting site, its gradient is 25 degree;
(3) wholely: carry out deep ploughing 20cm the rainy season of 1 year before planting, carry out shallow plowing 15cm early spring then in plantation, after shallow plowing, harrow a kind of farm tools immediately;
(4) make bed: make bed with level bed, bed surface is smooth, and without stone, grass roots, the width of bed surface is 95cm;
(5) presprouting of seeds: vernalization was carried out to seed in 10 days prior to seeding, soak seed 1 hour with the copperas solution of 2% concentration, soak seed 1 hour with the liquor potassic permanganate of 1% concentration again, 3 times are cleaned with water, by the water logging kind 24 hours of 50 DEG C, spread after pulling out on straw bag, watering every day after covering, turn each once, when seed grin reach more than 70% time sowing;
(6) sterilize: within 15 days, spray bed surface sterilization with 3% ferrous sulfate prior to seeding;
(7) sow: sow between early April at plantation late March then, with the sowing of bar broadcast mode, sown scope is 4cm, and line-spacing is 16cm, and seed is evenly sowed at bed surface, earthing 1cm, and within after planting 10 days, seed sprouting is unearthed;
(8) seedling management: thinning 3 times between plantation June to July then, thinning is carried out after the rain, adopts the mode thinning of hand-lifting, scissors or hand hoe; Seedling growth stage carries out 3 weedings, and topdresses, waters;
(9) foster: planting and carry out first time June to mid-July then and foster, fostering content for loosening the soil, weeding; Plantation August to mid-September is then carried out second time and is fostered, foster content for loosening the soil, weeding, ridging; Plantation Second Year, July to August of the 3rd year foster once respectively, foster content for loosening the soil, weeding;
(10) cold-proof: to carry out before freeze-up every year cold-proof, Chinese pine nursery stock is covered completely with soil, above seedbed, arched frame is made with reinforcing bar, bamboo chip, on arched frame, cover film makes shed, cover thick straw screen or mat at shed upper surface, thick straw screen or mat, shed, arched frame, earthing remove by Second Year late April.
Embodiment 2
An implantation methods for Chinese pine, comprises the following steps:
(1) collect seed: before planting between the September to October in 1 year, collect seed when the cone of Chinese pine becomes yellow green from green, select the age of tree to be more than 20 years, grow stalwartness, be seed collecting elite stand without the Chinese pine number of damage by disease and insect, spread airing out by adopting the cone ventilation of getting off, stir every day once, airing is beaten cone with waddy after one week and is stirred back and forth, seed is deviate from cone, collect seed and wing is removed in rubbing, screening impurity elimination, it is for subsequent use to dry rear storage;
(2) selection of land: select physical features north slope that is mild, that be made up of sandy loam to be planting site, its gradient is 24 degree;
(3) wholely: carry out deep ploughing 25cm the rainy season of 1 year before planting, carry out shallow plowing 20cm early spring then in plantation, after shallow plowing, harrow a kind of farm tools immediately;
(4) make bed: make bed with level bed, bed surface is smooth, and without stone, grass roots, the width of bed surface is 85cm;
(5) presprouting of seeds: vernalization was carried out to seed in 10 days prior to seeding, soak seed 1 hour with the copperas solution of 2% concentration, soak seed 1 hour with the liquor potassic permanganate of 1% concentration again, 3 times are cleaned with water, by the water logging kind 24 hours of 50 DEG C, spread after pulling out on straw bag, watering every day after covering, turn each once, when seed grin reach more than 70% time sowing;
(6) sterilize: within 15 days, spray bed surface sterilization with 3% ferrous sulfate prior to seeding;
(7) sow: sow between early April at plantation late March then, with the sowing of bar broadcast mode, sown scope is 7cm, and line-spacing is 22cm, and seed is evenly sowed at bed surface, earthing 1cm, and within after planting 10 days, seed sprouting is unearthed;
(8) seedling management: thinning 3 times between plantation June to July then, thinning is carried out after the rain, adopts the mode thinning of hand-lifting, scissors or hand hoe; Seedling growth stage carries out 3 weedings, and topdresses, waters;
(9) foster: planting and carry out first time June to mid-July then and foster, fostering content for loosening the soil, weeding; Plantation August to mid-September is then carried out second time and is fostered, foster content for loosening the soil, weeding, ridging; Plantation Second Year, July to August of the 3rd year foster once respectively, foster content for loosening the soil, weeding;
(10) cold-proof: to carry out before freeze-up every year cold-proof, Chinese pine nursery stock is covered completely with soil, above seedbed, arched frame is made with reinforcing bar, bamboo chip, on arched frame, cover film makes shed, cover thick straw screen or mat at shed upper surface, thick straw screen or mat, shed, arched frame, earthing remove by Second Year late April.
Embodiment 3
An implantation methods for Chinese pine, comprises the following steps:
(1) collect seed: before planting between the September to October in 1 year, collect seed when the cone of Chinese pine becomes yellow green from green, select the age of tree to be more than 20 years, grow stalwartness, be seed collecting elite stand without the Chinese pine number of damage by disease and insect, spread airing out by adopting the cone ventilation of getting off, stir every day once, airing is beaten cone with waddy after one week and is stirred back and forth, seed is deviate from cone, collect seed and wing is removed in rubbing, screening impurity elimination, it is for subsequent use to dry rear storage;
(2) selection of land: select physical features north slope that is mild, that be made up of sandy loam to be planting site, its gradient is 21 degree;
(3) wholely: carry out deep ploughing 24cm the rainy season of 1 year before planting, carry out shallow plowing 16cm early spring then in plantation, after shallow plowing, harrow a kind of farm tools immediately;
(4) make bed: make bed with level bed, bed surface is smooth, and without stone, grass roots, the width of bed surface is 90cm;
(5) presprouting of seeds: vernalization was carried out to seed in 10 days prior to seeding, soak seed 1 hour with the copperas solution of 2% concentration, soak seed 1 hour with the liquor potassic permanganate of 1% concentration again, 3 times are cleaned with water, by the water logging kind 24 hours of 50 DEG C, spread after pulling out on straw bag, watering every day after covering, turn each once, when seed grin reach more than 70% time sowing;
(6) sterilize: within 15 days, spray bed surface sterilization with 3% ferrous sulfate prior to seeding;
(7) sow: sow between early April at plantation late March then, with the sowing of bar broadcast mode, sown scope is 6cm, and line-spacing is 18cm, and seed is evenly sowed at bed surface, earthing 1cm, and within after planting 10 days, seed sprouting is unearthed;
(8) seedling management: thinning 3 times between plantation June to July then, thinning is carried out after the rain, adopts the mode thinning of hand-lifting, scissors or hand hoe; Seedling growth stage carries out 3 weedings, and topdresses, waters;
(9) foster: planting and carry out first time June to mid-July then and foster, fostering content for loosening the soil, weeding; Plantation August to mid-September is then carried out second time and is fostered, foster content for loosening the soil, weeding, ridging; Plantation Second Year, July to August of the 3rd year foster once respectively, foster content for loosening the soil, weeding;
(10) cold-proof: to carry out before freeze-up every year cold-proof, Chinese pine nursery stock is covered completely with soil, above seedbed, arched frame is made with reinforcing bar, bamboo chip, on arched frame, cover film makes shed, cover thick straw screen or mat at shed upper surface, thick straw screen or mat, shed, arched frame, earthing remove by Second Year late April.
Embodiment 4
An implantation methods for Chinese pine, comprises the following steps:
(1) collect seed: before planting between the September to October in 1 year, collect seed when the cone of Chinese pine becomes yellow green from green, select the age of tree to be more than 20 years, grow stalwartness, be seed collecting elite stand without the Chinese pine number of damage by disease and insect, spread airing out by adopting the cone ventilation of getting off, stir every day once, airing is beaten cone with waddy after one week and is stirred back and forth, seed is deviate from cone, collect seed and wing is removed in rubbing, screening impurity elimination, it is for subsequent use to dry rear storage;
(2) selection of land: select physical features north slope that is mild, that be made up of sandy loam to be planting site, its gradient is 18 degree;
(3) wholely: carry out deep ploughing 21cm the rainy season of 1 year before planting, carry out shallow plowing 18cm early spring then in plantation, after shallow plowing, harrow a kind of farm tools immediately;
(4) make bed: make bed with level bed, bed surface is smooth, and without stone, grass roots, the width of bed surface is 94cm;
(5) presprouting of seeds: vernalization was carried out to seed in 10 days prior to seeding, soak seed 1 hour with the copperas solution of 2% concentration, soak seed 1 hour with the liquor potassic permanganate of 1% concentration again, 3 times are cleaned with water, by the water logging kind 24 hours of 50 DEG C, spread after pulling out on straw bag, watering every day after covering, turn each once, when seed grin reach more than 70% time sowing;
(6) sterilize: within 15 days, spray bed surface sterilization with 3% ferrous sulfate prior to seeding;
(7) sow: sow between early April at plantation late March then, with the sowing of bar broadcast mode, sown scope is 5cm, and line-spacing is 20cm, and seed is evenly sowed at bed surface, earthing 1cm, and within after planting 10 days, seed sprouting is unearthed;
(8) seedling management: thinning 3 times between plantation June to July then, thinning is carried out after the rain, adopts the mode thinning of hand-lifting, scissors or hand hoe; Seedling growth stage carries out 3 weedings, and topdresses, waters;
(9) foster: planting and carry out first time June to mid-July then and foster, fostering content for loosening the soil, weeding; Plantation August to mid-September is then carried out second time and is fostered, foster content for loosening the soil, weeding, ridging; Plantation Second Year, July to August of the 3rd year foster once respectively, foster content for loosening the soil, weeding;
(10) cold-proof: to carry out before freeze-up every year cold-proof, Chinese pine nursery stock is covered completely with soil, above seedbed, arched frame is made with reinforcing bar, bamboo chip, on arched frame, cover film makes shed, cover thick straw screen or mat at shed upper surface, thick straw screen or mat, shed, arched frame, earthing remove by Second Year late April.
Embodiment 5
An implantation methods for Chinese pine, comprises the following steps:
(1) collect seed: before planting between the September to October in 1 year, collect seed when the cone of Chinese pine becomes yellow green from green, select the age of tree to be more than 20 years, grow stalwartness, be seed collecting elite stand without the Chinese pine number of damage by disease and insect, spread airing out by adopting the cone ventilation of getting off, stir every day once, airing is beaten cone with waddy after one week and is stirred back and forth, seed is deviate from cone, collect seed and wing is removed in rubbing, screening impurity elimination, it is for subsequent use to dry rear storage;
(2) selection of land: select physical features north slope that is mild, that be made up of sandy loam to be planting site, its gradient is 20 degree;
(3) wholely: carry out deep ploughing 22cm the rainy season of 1 year before planting, carry out shallow plowing 19cm early spring then in plantation, after shallow plowing, harrow a kind of farm tools immediately;
(4) make bed: make bed with level bed, bed surface is smooth, and without stone, grass roots, the width of bed surface is 92cm;
(5) presprouting of seeds: vernalization was carried out to seed in 10 days prior to seeding, soak seed 1 hour with the copperas solution of 2% concentration, soak seed 1 hour with the liquor potassic permanganate of 1% concentration again, 3 times are cleaned with water, by the water logging kind 24 hours of 50 DEG C, spread after pulling out on straw bag, watering every day after covering, turn each once, when seed grin reach more than 70% time sowing;
(6) sterilize: within 15 days, spray bed surface sterilization with 3% ferrous sulfate prior to seeding;
(7) sow: sow between early April at plantation late March then, with the sowing of bar broadcast mode, sown scope is 8cm, and line-spacing is 21cm, and seed is evenly sowed at bed surface, earthing 1cm, and within after planting 10 days, seed sprouting is unearthed;
(8) seedling management: thinning 3 times between plantation June to July then, thinning is carried out after the rain, adopts the mode thinning of hand-lifting, scissors or hand hoe; Seedling growth stage carries out 3 weedings, and topdresses, waters;
(9) foster: planting and carry out first time June to mid-July then and foster, fostering content for loosening the soil, weeding; Plantation August to mid-September is then carried out second time and is fostered, foster content for loosening the soil, weeding, ridging; Plantation Second Year, July to August of the 3rd year foster once respectively, foster content for loosening the soil, weeding;
(10) cold-proof: to carry out before freeze-up every year cold-proof, Chinese pine nursery stock is covered completely with soil, above seedbed, arched frame is made with reinforcing bar, bamboo chip, on arched frame, cover film makes shed, cover thick straw screen or mat at shed upper surface, thick straw screen or mat, shed, arched frame, earthing remove by Second Year late April.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof only, but not for limiting the present invention.Any person skilled in the art scholar all without prejudice under spirit of the present invention and category, can modify above-described embodiment or changes.Therefore, such as have in art usually know the knowledgeable do not depart from complete under disclosed spirit and technological thought all equivalence modify or change, must be contained by claim of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. an implantation methods for Chinese pine, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) collect seed: before planting between the September to October in 1 year, collect seed when the cone of Chinese pine becomes yellow green from green, select the age of tree to be more than 20 years, grow stalwartness, be seed collecting elite stand without the Chinese pine number of damage by disease and insect, spread airing out by adopting the cone ventilation of getting off, stir every day once, airing is beaten cone with waddy after one week and is stirred back and forth, seed is deviate from cone, collect seed and wing is removed in rubbing, screening impurity elimination, it is for subsequent use to dry rear storage;
(2) selection of land: select physical features north slope that is mild, that be made up of sandy loam to be planting site;
(3) wholely: deep plough the rainy season of 1 year before planting, plough shallowly early spring then in plantation, after shallow plowing, harrow a kind of farm tools immediately;
(4) make bed: make bed with level bed, bed surface is smooth, without stone, grass roots;
(5) presprouting of seeds: vernalization was carried out to seed in 10 days prior to seeding, soak seed 1 hour with the copperas solution of 2% concentration, soak seed 1 hour with the liquor potassic permanganate of 1% concentration again, 3 times are cleaned with water, by the water logging kind 24 hours of 50 DEG C, spread after pulling out on straw bag, watering every day after covering, turn each once, when seed grin reach more than 70% time sowing;
(6) sterilize: within 15 days, spray bed surface sterilization with 3% ferrous sulfate prior to seeding;
(7) sow: sow between early April at plantation late March then, with the sowing of bar broadcast mode, seed is evenly sowed at bed surface, earthing, within after planting 10 days, seed sprouting is unearthed;
(8) seedling management: thinning 3 times between plantation June to July then, thinning is carried out after the rain, adopts the mode thinning of hand-lifting, scissors or hand hoe; Seedling growth stage carries out 3 weedings, and topdresses, waters;
(9) foster: planting and carry out first time June to mid-July then and foster, fostering content for loosening the soil, weeding; Plantation August to mid-September is then carried out second time and is fostered, foster content for loosening the soil, weeding, ridging; Plantation Second Year, July to August of the 3rd year foster once respectively, foster content for loosening the soil, weeding;
(10) cold-proof: to carry out before freeze-up every year cold-proof, Chinese pine nursery stock is covered completely with soil, above seedbed, arched frame is made with reinforcing bar, bamboo chip, on arched frame, cover film makes shed, cover thick straw screen or mat at shed upper surface, thick straw screen or mat, shed, arched frame, earthing remove by Second Year late April.
2. the implantation methods of a kind of Chinese pine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2), and the gradient of north slope is less than or equal to 25 degree.
3. the implantation methods of a kind of Chinese pine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (3), and the degree of depth of deep ploughing is 20 ~ 25cm.
4. the implantation methods of a kind of Chinese pine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (3), and the degree of depth of shallow plowing is 15 ~ 20cm.
5. the implantation methods of a kind of Chinese pine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (4), and the width of bed surface is 85 ~ 95cm.
6. the implantation methods of a kind of Chinese pine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (7), and the sown scope of drilling is 4 ~ 7cm, and line-spacing is 16 ~ 22cm.
7. the implantation methods of a kind of Chinese pine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (7), and the height of earthing is 1cm.
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| CN105494008A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-04-20 | 青岛百瑞吉生物工程有限公司 | Breeding and cultivating method for Chinese pines |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105494008A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-04-20 | 青岛百瑞吉生物工程有限公司 | Breeding and cultivating method for Chinese pines |
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