CN1262724A - 车辆轮毂的轴承组件 - Google Patents

车辆轮毂的轴承组件 Download PDF

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CN1262724A
CN1262724A CN98806994A CN98806994A CN1262724A CN 1262724 A CN1262724 A CN 1262724A CN 98806994 A CN98806994 A CN 98806994A CN 98806994 A CN98806994 A CN 98806994A CN 1262724 A CN1262724 A CN 1262724A
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sleeve
bearing unit
described bearing
mentioned arbitrary
internal support
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亨德里克斯·扬·卡潘
约翰内斯·弗朗西斯库斯·桑登
耶斯科－亨·坦克
诺贝特·许恩
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SKF Industrial Trading and Development Co BV
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/60—Raceways; Race rings divided or split, e.g. comprising two juxtaposed rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C25/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for wear or play
    • F16C25/06—Ball or roller bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/001—Hubs with roller-bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/07—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element
    • F16C35/073—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element between shaft and inner race ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/04—Preventing damage to bearings during storage or transport thereof or when otherwise out of use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/185—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with two raceways provided integrally on a part other than a race ring, e.g. a shaft or housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/186—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F16C19/383—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F16C19/385—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings
    • F16C19/386—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings in O-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F16C19/546—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing
    • F16C19/547—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two angular contact rolling bearings
    • F16C19/548—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two angular contact rolling bearings in O-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2226/00—Joining parts; Fastening; Assembling or mounting parts
    • F16C2226/30—Material joints
    • F16C2226/40—Material joints with adhesive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2229/00—Setting preload
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/005—Fluid passages not relating to lubrication or cooling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

车辆轮毂的轴承组件,包括与一内圈件和一外圈件的至少一个内滚道2和外滚道1滚动接触的滚动件9、10,这两个圈件之一包括两个支承圈3、4,这两个支承圈用一安装套筒14连接,以便对两滚道之间的滚动件在轴向上预加载。两支承圈3、4粘合在该套筒14上。

Description

车辆轮毂的轴承组件
本发明涉及车辆轮毂的一种轴承组件，包括与一内圈件和一外圈件的至少一个内滚道和至少一个外滚道滚动接触的滚动件，这两个圈件之一包括两个支承圈，这两个支承圈用一安装套筒连接，以便对滚道之间的滚动件在轴向上预加载和/或定位。
这类轴承组件见EP-A-623481。所述公知轴承组件包括一套筒，两锥形滚动轴承的内支承圈安装在该套筒上。该套筒包括一外凸缘和一可调节凸缘，所述内支承圈之一抵靠该外凸缘，该可调节凸缘压靠另一内支承圈而获得预定大小的预加载。
该轴承组件构成一可直接安装在一车辆的一轴头上的部件。由于该部件在装配时已预加载，因此在装到轴头上时无需预加载。
该轴承组件的预加载是否合适决定于装配精度。此外，预加载在长期使用过程中须保持不变，这就是说，该轴承组件的各部件不应发生松动。
在这方面须作出改进。因此，本发明的目的是提供轮毂的一种轴承组件，它可更精确地制造、预加载更可靠、使用中更便于安装和拆卸。为实现该目的，至少一个支承圈用粘胶粘合在套筒上。
用粘合的套筒获得预加载，这就是说，可长期可靠地保持预加载。此外，轴承组件由于无需使用锁定件，因此制造更简单。
套筒与内支承圈的内表面之间的粘胶承受剪切载荷。
此外，套筒与内支承圈的内表面之间的粘胶层呈与轴承组件轴线同轴的圆柱形。
套筒最好粘合在内圈的内表面上。这些表面的粘合面积足够大，从而提高所述圈的连接的可靠性。
按照本发明一实施例，两内圈的径向相对表面互相抵靠。在第一实施例中，两内圈的内径和壁厚相同，套筒的相应外径保持不变。在第二实施例中，两内圈的内径不同，但壁厚相同，套筒包括相应外径不同的两套筒部。
此外，外圈件可包括一轮毂，轮毂上有一与一车轮连接的凸缘；这些外圈件可与轮毂件制成一体。
本发明轴承组件的优点是，它可以合适预加载预装配；此外，该轴承组件可预先注入润滑剂后密封轴承中的空间。因此污物或其他污染粒子无法进入轴承中，确保长期使用。
由于该轴承组件为一完全独立部件，因此还可配备辅助装置。例如，内支承圈之一可有一轴向凹槽，以便供应一中心轮胎充气系统中的压缩空气。此外，套筒可有一凹槽，以便供应一中心轮胎充气系统中的压缩空气。
按照一实施例，每一凹槽与一与套筒连接的第一供气圈的一孔连通，该第一供气圈与第二供气圈相对并与之密封，而该第二供气圈与外圈件连接。
按照另一种可能性，内圈件之一或套筒可有一凹槽，其中有与一ABS传感器连接的信号线，该ABS传感器的各部件与内圈件和外圈件连接。
内圈件可有一向套筒内表面供油的管接头，外圈件可有一孔，该孔与该管接头相对，油管可插入该孔中与该管接头连接。
按照一实施例，可用一箔片生成粘胶层。所述箔片可装在两支承圈之一和套筒的一凹座中。
这类轴承组件的制作步骤如下：
—把由粘胶材料制成的箔片装在套筒与一支承圈之间的一切口中；
—加热该套筒和支承圈，使得该箔片熔化成流动粘胶；
—进一步加热套筒和支承圈使得该切口宽度减小，从而使得流动粘胶扩散到套筒与支承圈之间整个切口中；
—冷却套筒和支承圈，使得粘胶固化。
此外，如套筒为可膨胀的裂口套筒，也可用一可膨胀心轴压缩和扩散粘胶。可通过加热心轴而使心轴膨胀，同时加热套筒和箔片，使得粘胶熔化后扩散到套筒与支承圈之间的整个切口中。
下面结合附图所示的若干实施例说明本发明。
图1和图2示出具有锥形滚动轴承的轴承组件。
图3和图4示出具有滚珠轴承的轴承组件。
图5-11示出具有锥形滚动轴承的轴承组件的另一些例子。
图12示出一带切口的套筒的实施例。
图1所示轴承组件包括一整体式外圈件1和一内圈件2，该内圈件由两个内支承圈3、4构成。外圈件有滚道5、6，内支承圈3、4有滚道7、8。在这些滚道之间有两列锥形滚子9、10，各滚子之间用保持架11、12隔开。此外，外圈件1上有一凸缘13，凸缘中有孔，以便与一车轮和/或一刹车连接。
按照本发明，内支承圈3、4的相对表面互相抵靠而使轴承间隙最佳。它们在轴向预加载下与金属或非金属套筒14粘合而互相连接。套筒14粘合在内支承圈3、4的内圆周面15、16上，由于这些内表面15、16的粘合面积很大，因此粘得很牢。
在图2实施例中，两内支承圈3、4在其相对端部各有一由下凹内表面17、18形成的凹座。在这两个下凹表面17、18中，一有切口20的金属套筒19粘合在表面17、18上。下凹表面17、18处的直径比支承圈3、4的标称内表面21、22大。
金属套筒19先向里弯曲，然后膨胀，从而形成切口20。按照该实施例，轴承组件的标称内径由内支承圈3、4的标称内表面21、22确定。
虽然图2所示切口20伸展在套筒19的整个轴向长度上，但也可为不伸展在所述整个轴向长度上的局部切口。此外，切口可不止一个，例如两内支承圈位置上各有一切口。
图3示出一轴承组件的第一实施例，该轴承组件包括一外圈件23、一由两个内支承圈25、26构成的内圈件24和两列滚珠27、28。内支承圈24、25粘合在金属或非金属套筒27上。
外圈件23包括一与一车轮连接的凸缘28。一刹车鼓(或刹车盘)29用粘胶层30粘合在凸缘28的外周上。
在图4实施例中，轴承组件包括一整体式外圈件31以及一由两个内圈33和34构成的内圈件32。有两列滚珠27、28。
内圈件34的内径比内圈件33大。这两个部件靠粘合的金属或非金属套筒35互相连接。特别是，套筒35的套筒部36粘合在支承圈32的内表面上，而套筒35的凸缘件37粘合在支承圈33的径向表面38上。
图5示出一用于卡车轮毂的轴承组件。该轴承组件包括两个锥形滚动轴承39、40，与轮毂件43连接的外圈41、42和粘合在套筒46上的内圈44、45。圈44的内径比圈45的内径小，套筒46相应有直径不同的套筒部47、48。轮毂件43有一凸缘49，凸缘上有连接车轮与轮毂件43的螺栓。
该轴承组件可装在一卡车的轴头上，套筒46套在形状很窄的轴头上。
在图6实施例中，内圈45上有一凹槽51。该凹槽的外端与一管接头52连接，该管接头与一高压空气管线53连接。凹槽51的内端上装有第一供气圈54，该第一供气圈包括一与凹槽51连通的径向孔55。
轮毂件43上有第二供气圈56，第二供气圈中有一与孔58连通的孔57，孔58与一待充气的轮胎连接。
供气圈54、56用密封60互相密封。
图7实施例的套筒中有一轴向凹槽61。该凹槽中有一高压管线62，一轮胎充气系统的压缩空气可经该管线传送到供气圈55、56，然后经槽道58对轮胎充气。
图8所示轴承组件包括一锥形滚子轴承，其内圈45中有一凹槽51。该凹槽51中有ABS传感器64的信号线63。
为从车轮的轴上拆下轴承组件，图9所示轴承组件的套筒46中有一油压管接头65。外圈件43中有一与油压管接头65对齐的径向孔66，以便油压管线67与该油压管接头连接。
油可经油压管线67压入套筒46表面与轴表面之间，从而便于从轴上拆下该轴承组件。
尽管各附图所示轴承组件中有两列滚动件，但滚动件也可为一列或两列以上。
图10为图2实施例修正后的局部放大图。图10所示内支承圈3、4的下凹表面17、18上还有连接凹槽69。
金属套筒68有便于安装的一切口71和在该套筒上冲切而成的向外突起凸片70。相对的凸片70紧扣在相应相对的凹槽69中，从而紧紧锁定支承圈3、4。金属套筒68也埋置在粘胶中。
在图11所示实施例中，内支承圈80、81各有一连接圈82、83，这两个连接圈由一具有一切口85的钢制套筒84互相连接。
两连接圈82、83各有一凹座86，该凹座中有粘胶箔片。连接圈82、83与套筒84之间有一小切口88。
加热钢制套筒和使用一可膨胀心轴可获得两种结果。首先，粘胶箔片被加热而熔化，从而生成流动粘胶，流动粘胶因心轴膨胀、从而套筒膨胀而流入切口88中。
从而流动粘胶均匀分布在整个切口88中。
然后，冷却这些部件，粘胶固化在切口中，从而确保内圈80、81之间的抗剪切连接。
图12所示实施例带有一切口的套筒90。由于有该切口91，所述套筒90可用一受热心轴92膨胀，该心轴最好用铝制成。该膨胀使得熔化粘胶均匀分布。
该心轴有一与套筒切口91相对的凹槽94，防止所述心轴94被粘住。

Claims (26)

1、车辆轮毂的轴承组件，包括与一内圈件(4、24)和一外圈件(1、23)的各自的至少一个内滚道(7、8)和外滚道(5、6)滚动接触的滚动件(9、10；27、28)，这两个圈件之一包括两个支承圈(3、4；25、26；32、33；44、45)，这两个支承圈用一安装套筒(14、19、27、35、46)互连，以便对滚道(5、8)之间的滚动件(9、10；27、28)在轴向上预加载，其特征在于，至少一个支承圈(3、4；25、26；32、33；44、45)粘合在该套筒(14、19、27、35、46)上。
2、按权利要求1所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，套筒(14、19、27、35、46)与内支承圈(3、4、25、26、32、33、44、45)的内表面(15、16、17、18)之间的粘胶承受剪切载荷。
3、按权利要求1所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，套筒(14、19、27、35、46)与内支承圈(3、4、25、26、32、33、44、45)的内表面(15、16、17、18)之间的粘合层呈与轴承组件的轴线同轴的圆柱形。
4、按上述任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，套筒(14、19、27、35、46)粘合在内支承圈(3、4；25、26；32、33；44、45)的内表面(15、16；17、18)上。
5、按上述任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，内支承圈(3、4；25、26；32、33；44、45)的相对径向表面互相抵靠。
6、按上述任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，两内支承圈(3、4；25、26)的内径相同，套筒(14、19)的相应外径均匀。
7、按权利要求6所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，套筒(19)的至少一部分有一切口(20)。
8、按权利要求1-5中任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，两内支承圈(44、45)的内径不同，套筒(46)相应有两个外径不同的套筒部。
9、按权利要求1-5中任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，两内支承圈(32、33)的内径不同，套筒(35)有一管状部(36)和一径向凸缘部(37)，该管状部(36)粘合在内径较大的内支承圈(34)的内表面上，该凸缘部(37)粘合在另一内支承圈(33)的一径向表面(38)上。
10、按上述任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，套筒和/或内圈中的至少一个粘合表面经例如变糙处理，以便粘合得更牢。
11、按上述任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，外圈件包括一轮毂件(1、43)，该轮毂件上有一与车轮连接的凸缘(13、49)。
12、按权利要求11所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，外圈件与轮毂件(1)制成一体。
13、按上述任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，内支承圈之一(45)中有一基本上为轴向的凹槽(51)，用来供应一中心轮胎充气系统中的压缩空气。
14、按上述任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，套筒(46)中有一凹槽(61)，用来供应一中心轮胎充气系统中的压缩空气。
15、按权利要求13或14所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，每一凹槽(51、61)与一和套筒(64)连接的第一供气圈(54)的一孔连通，该第一供气圈(54)与一和外圈件(43)连接的第二供气圈(56)相对并用密封(60)与之密封。
16、按上述任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，内支承圈之一(45)或套筒(46)有一凹槽(51)，该凹槽中有与一ABS传感器(64)连接的信号线(63)，该传感器的各部件与内圈件(46)和外圈件(43)连接。
17、按上述任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，内圈件(46)有一向套筒(46)内表面供油的管接头(65)，外圈件(43)中有一与该管接头(65)相对的孔(66)，一高压油管(67)插入该孔中后与该管接头(65)连接。
18、按上述任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，该粘胶为液体粘胶。
19、按上述任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，该粘胶为触变粘胶。
20、按上述任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，该粘胶由一箔片生成。
21、按权利要求20所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，该箔片装在支承圈(3、4；25、26；32、33；44、45)和套筒(14、19、27、35、46)至少之一中的一凹座中。
22、按权利要求18、19、20或21所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，用高温和/或高压进行粘结。
23、按上述任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，该套筒用金属制成，例如冷拉焊接金属管。
24、按权利要求1-22中任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，该套筒用非金属制成，例如碳纤维。
25、按上述任一权利要求所述的轴承组件，其特征在于，套筒(68)具有互锁在支承圈(3、4)的一凹槽(69)中的锁定装置(70)。
26、按权利要求20或21所述的轴承组件的制作方法，包括下列步骤：
—把由粘胶材料制成的箔片装在套筒与一支承圈之间的一切口中；
—加热该套筒和支承圈，使得该箔片熔化成流动粘胶；
—进一步加热套筒和支承圈使得该切口宽度减小，从而使得流动粘胶扩散到套筒与支承圈之间整个切口中；
—冷却套筒和支承圈，使得粘胶固化。
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