CN1260252C - 一种控制淀粉糖分子量分布的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种通过在反应过程中控制超低DE值从而达到控制淀粉分子量分布的方法。该方法由以下步骤组成：(1)用水和淀粉调制淀粉浆，并加入干淀粉量0.01%～0.03%的CaCl2，搅拌均匀；(2)调节淀粉浆的pH值；(3)在淀粉浆中加入干淀粉量0.03～0.08%的耐高温α-淀粉酶，并搅拌均匀；(4)控制一定条件进行反应。本方法主要是对原有的三糖至五糖生产工艺进行改进，仍主要使用原来的生产工艺流程，只需要增添少量设备，用很低的代价进行技术改造，很容易实现工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种控制淀粉糖分子量分布的方法，具体是一种通过在反应过程中控制超低DE值从而达到控制淀粉分子量分布的方法。
背景技术
在现有技术中，主要含有三糖至五糖成分的淀粉糖应用于多个领域，如医药、保健品、食品等，专利申请96196047.7提供了一种淀粉糖化合物的细菌抑制方法。主要含有三糖至五糖成分的淀粉糖的其中一种方法是用有机化学方法从单糖和双糖合成，另一个途径是通过天然的淀粉、糖脂、糖肽的降解获得。人们还不断发明一些新的生产方法，专利申请99117102.0提供“一种酶解法生产低聚糖的工艺方法”，从含多糖物质的植物中酶解获得低聚糖；专利申请01109692.6，提供了“一种利用地瘤块根制取双歧因子低聚糖的方法”。
目前，主要含有三糖至五糖成分的淀粉糖的工业生产技术以酶解法为主，以淀粉为原料，经由两个主要的步骤。第一步是由α-淀粉酶水解淀粉得到麦芽糖浆，第二步是用α-葡萄糖转苷酶和α-淀粉酶共同作用，进行糖基转移，得到目标产物，然后进行常规的过滤、脱色、脱盐、浓缩等，最终得到产品。工艺流程如下所示：
采用上述工艺，产品中三糖至五糖成分的含量通常约为50％～60％，其它成分主要是葡萄糖和麦芽糖等，含量接近一半。产品中具有保健生理功能的物质是三糖至五糖，大量葡萄糖和麦芽糖的存在对产品的促进双歧因子增植和抗龋齿两大生理功能产生干扰，严重影响了功效和商业价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对已有技术存在的缺点，提供一种控制淀粉糖分子量分布的方法。
为达到上述目的，本发明采取了以下技术方案：
一种控制淀粉糖分子量分布的方法，依次由以下步骤组成：
(1)以重量份计，按照1份干淀粉加2～4份水的比例调制淀粉浆，加入干淀粉量0.01％～0.03％的CaCl2，搅拌均匀；
(2)调节淀粉浆的pH值5～7；
(3)以重量百分比计，在淀粉浆中加入干淀粉量0.03～0.08％的耐高温α-淀粉酶，并搅拌均匀；
(4)用喷射液化器进行液化，保持温度在100℃～130℃，控制DE值8～12；液化液在层流罐内停留20～60min；取样做碘色检验，待碘色检验合格后结束液化，灭酶处理。
在上述方法中，(2)步骤中用于调节pH值的物质为Na2CO3。
同已有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
本发明研究喷射液化过程的超低DE值(Dextrose equivalent，h还原糖当量值)控制技术，通过适当调整α-淀粉酶的用量，将二次喷射液化改为一次，控制层流时间为20-60min，取得明显效果。控制DE值8-12时可以将葡萄糖含量降低到接近10％，比普通工艺减少50％-65％。未经分离处理的三糖至五糖含量因此提高到几乎70％。比普通工艺提高15个百份点以上。
超低DE值控制技术实际上是控制淀粉的不完全水解，防止淀粉链在水解过程中过度裂解变成单糖。在控制量的淀粉酶存在的情况下进行喷射液化，淀粉链先断裂成比较大分子量的多糖，然后依靠控制层流时间让淀粉酶继续慢慢作用，将多糖进一步分解为合适分子量的糖。本液化工艺反应DE值和终点能够准确控制，对控制葡萄糖生成的效果十分显著。
本方法主要是对原有的三糖至五糖生产工艺进行改进，仍主要使用原来的生产工艺流程，只需要增添少量设备，用很低的代价进行技术改造，很容易实现工业化生产。
附图说明
图1为已有技术制备主要含有三糖至五糖成分的淀粉糖的工业生产步骤流程图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
操作：按照1份干淀粉加3份水(W/W)的比例调制淀粉浆，加入干淀粉量0.012％(W/W)的CaCl2。用Na2CO3调节pH值5.5。加入干淀粉量0.04(W/W)的耐高温α-淀粉酶，搅拌均匀。保持温度100℃，用喷射液化器进行液化，控制DE值9。液化液在层流罐内停留30min，取样做碘色检验。待碘色检验合格后结束液化，灭酶处理。以下按照一般工艺进行糖化、过滤、脱色、脱盐、浓缩等，最终得到产品。产品中葡萄糖含量为11.9％，三糖至五糖为70.1％，麦芽糖为18.0％，异麦芽糖为20.5％，麦芽三糖为4.0％，潘糖为25.2％，异麦芽三糖为9.2％，四糖及以上为11.2％。
实施例2
操作：按照1份干淀粉加2份水(W/W)的比例调制淀粉浆，加入干淀粉量0.02％(W/W)的CaCl2。用Na2CO3调节pH值6。加入干淀粉量0.05％(W/W)的耐高温α-淀粉酶，搅拌均匀。保持温度130℃，用喷射液化器进行液化，控制DE值10。液化液在层流罐内停留40min，取样做碘色检验。待碘色检验合格后结束液化，灭酶处理。以下按照一般工艺进行糖化、过滤、脱色、脱盐、浓缩等，最终得到产品。产品中葡萄糖含量为12.2％，三糖至五糖为70.9％，麦芽糖为16.9％，异麦芽糖为20.8％，麦芽三糖为3.8％，潘糖为24.8％，异麦芽三糖为9.6％，四糖及以上为11.9％。
实施例3
操作：按照1份干淀粉加3份水(W/W)的比例调制淀粉浆，加入干淀粉量0.015％(W/W)的CaCl2。用Na2CO3调节pH值6.5。加入干淀粉量0.07(W/W)的耐高温α-淀粉酶，搅拌均匀。保持温度130℃左右，用喷射液化器进行液化，控制DE值12。液化液在层流罐内停留60min，取样做碘色检验。待碘色检验合格后结束液化，灭酶处理。以下按照一般工艺进行糖化、过滤、脱色、脱盐、浓缩等，最终得到产品。产品中葡萄糖含量为11.4％，三糖至五糖为69.4％，麦芽糖为19.2％，异麦芽糖为19.7％，麦芽三糖为3，8％，潘糖为24.8％，异麦芽三糖为9.6％，四糖及以上为11.5％。
Claims (1)
1、一种控制淀粉糖分子量分布的方法，其特征在于依次由以下步骤组成：
(1)以重量份计，按照1份干淀粉加2-3份水的比例调制淀粉浆，加入干淀粉重量0.012％-0.02％的CaCl2；
(2)用Na2CO3调节pH值5.5-6；
(3)以重量百分比计，加入干淀粉量0.04-0.07％的耐高温α-淀粉酶，搅拌均匀：
(4)用喷射液化器进行液化，保持温度100℃-130℃左右，控制DE值9-12；液化液在层流罐内停留30-60min，取样做碘色检验；待碘色检验合格后结束液化，灭酶处理。
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| CA2475817A CA2475817C (en) | 2004-01-15 | 2004-07-13 | A method to control the distribution of the starch sugar`s molecular weight in oligosaccharides production |
| US11/036,181 US7582453B2 (en) | 2004-01-15 | 2005-01-14 | Method to control the distribution of the starch sugar's molecular weight in oligosaccharides production |
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| WO2007003026A1 (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2007-01-11 | Advance Will Technology Ltd. | A method to control the distribution of the starch sugar’s molecular weight in oligosaccharides promotion |
| CN101621801B (zh) * | 2009-08-11 | 2012-11-28 | 华为终端有限公司 | 无线局域网的认证方法、系统及服务器、终端 |
| CN106421710A (zh) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-02-22 | 广州御景食品有限公司 | 一种消脂化积中草药食用膏点及其生产工艺 |
| CN107586807A (zh) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-16 | 无锡甜丰食品有限公司 | 一种超高麦芽糖浆的协同制备方法 |
| CN107937456A (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-04-20 | 广州华汇生物实业有限公司 | 一种慢消化糖的制备方法 |
| CN110343729A (zh) * | 2018-04-02 | 2019-10-18 | 无锡甜丰食品有限公司 | 一种低de值葡萄糖浆的制备方法 |
| CN108841896B (zh) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-01-29 | 江南大学 | 一种高品质麦芽糊精的生产方法 |
| CN110819668A (zh) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-02-21 | 白城市隆盛实业科技有限公司 | 一种淀粉中低聚糖的提取方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4081326A (en) * | 1976-10-07 | 1978-03-28 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | A method for removing maltotetraose and lower saccharides from solution |
| US4603110A (en) * | 1983-10-21 | 1986-07-29 | Grain Processing Corporation | Starch hydrolyzates and preparation thereof |
| CA1208586A (en) | 1983-11-08 | 1986-07-29 | Alpha L. Morehouse | Low d.e. starch hydrolyzates |
| KR960006119B1 (ko) | 1986-07-09 | 1996-05-09 | 노보 노르디스크 아크티에 셀스카브 | 전분 액화용 알파-아밀라아제 혼합물 |
| US5180669A (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1993-01-19 | Genencor International, Inc. | Liquefaction of granular-starch slurries using alpha-amylase in the presence of carbonate ion |
| ATE155173T1 (de) | 1991-10-31 | 1997-07-15 | Genencor Int | Verflüssigung einer trocken gemahlenen aufschlämmung von stärkekörnern. |
| NZ250048A (en) | 1992-10-28 | 1994-10-26 | Enzyme Bio Systems Ltd | Production of maltodextrins by selective hydrolysation of starches by enzymatic methods |
| KR19980702782A (ko) * | 1995-03-09 | 1998-08-05 | 혼 마가렛 에이. | 녹말 액화 방법 |
| US5652127A (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1997-07-29 | Genencor International, Inc. | Method for liquefying starch |
| US5736533A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-04-07 | Neose Technologies, Inc. | Bacterial inhibition with an oligosaccharide compound |
| EP1109927A4 (en) | 1998-08-31 | 2004-05-12 | Penford Corp | DILUTED STARCHES BY ENZYME |
| CN1140630C (zh) | 1999-09-21 | 2004-03-03 | 广东原沣生物工程有限公司 | 一种酶解法生产低聚糖的工艺方法 |
| WO2001025262A1 (fr) * | 1999-10-04 | 2001-04-12 | Ajinomoto Co., Inc. | Compositions d'edulcorants a fort pouvoir sucrant a pouvoir sucrant accru, correcteurs de gout et leur utilisation |
| CN1164600C (zh) | 2001-03-20 | 2004-09-01 | 黄京晨 | 一种利用中药泽兰的块根制取双歧因子低聚糖的方法 |
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|---|---|
| CA2475817C (en) | 2011-02-22 |
| CN1557839A (zh) | 2004-12-29 |
| CA2475817A1 (en) | 2005-07-15 |
| US20050181487A1 (en) | 2005-08-18 |
| US7582453B2 (en) | 2009-09-01 |
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