CN1273610C - 一种祛除低聚糖中单糖成分的方法 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
- C07H1/06—Separation; Purification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H3/00—Compounds containing only hydrogen atoms and saccharide radicals having only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
- C07H3/06—Oligosaccharides, i.e. having three to five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/16—Yeasts; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
Abstract
本发明公开了一种祛除低聚糖中单糖成分的方法，依次由以下步骤组成：(1)酵母先经过麦芽汁斜面培养基活化，葡萄糖增殖培养基培养；(2)以重量百分比计，并以低聚糖为基准，在低聚糖中加入8～12%的酵母，再加入0.1～0.5%的尿素做氮源，调节pH值4.5～6.0；(3)将低聚糖在23～26℃下发酵20～30小时，间隙搅拌；步骤(1)中所使用的酵母为As 2.109酵母，所使用的低聚糖为含固量为75%的低聚异麦芽糖浆；本发明采用微生物代谢法祛除低聚糖中的单糖和双糖，从而提高低聚糖中三糖至五糖的含量；并且本发明的原料利用度高、工艺简单，设备投入和运作成本低，适合大规模生产、能够制备含量很高的低聚糖。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种祛除低聚糖中的单糖成分的方法。
背景技术
低聚糖是新一代功能性食品和保健品原料，内含的“双歧因子”具有独特的生理功能，在人体内能使有益的双歧杆菌增殖，具有抑制肠道有害菌生长、抗龋齿、促进钙铁等微量元素吸收，调节人体微循环的功效。低聚糖是一种难消化的糖，不被人体所吸收，热量很低，适合于肥胖人士或糖尿病人使用，能将副作用降低到最低限度。
低聚糖是由3～5个单糖分子连在一起组成的聚合体，其制备方法主要有两个途径：一是利用糖化酶的逆合作用，将单糖(葡萄糖)缩合为低聚糖，但产物中三糖至五糖含量一般只有20％～30％，且产物复杂；二是利用淀粉酶先将淀粉降解为多糖，然后靠α-葡萄糖转苷酶或其他酶的作用进一步发生水解而成为低聚糖。目前，低聚糖工业生产技术以酶解法为主，以淀粉为原料，经由两个主要的步骤。第一步是由α-淀粉酶水解淀粉得到麦芽糖浆，第二步是用各种酶共同作用，进行糖基转移，得到低聚糖，然后进行常规的过滤、脱色、脱盐、浓缩等，最后得到产品。
采用上述工艺，产品中低聚糖的含量通常约为50％～60％，其它成分主要是葡萄糖和麦芽糖等，含量接近一半。产品中具有保健生理功能的物质是低聚糖，大量葡萄糖和麦芽糖的存在对异麦芽低聚糖的“双歧因子”增殖和抗龋齿两大生理功能产生干扰，严重影响了低聚糖的功效和商业价值。
采用上述工艺得到的低含量低聚糖产品可以通过分离处理得到高纯度的低聚糖。
分离方法之一是膜分离法：使用超滤膜或纳滤手段，将其中低分子量的单糖和双糖成分透滤过去，留下分子量大的糖，可以将低聚糖的含量提高到80％。主要问题设备昂贵、效率低、成本高，尚难以工业化。
另一分离方法是吸附分离法：利用淀粉糖生产流程中原有的吸附分离工序，使用离子交换树脂柱吸附其中的单糖和双糖，单次操作可以将低聚糖的含量提高到60-70％。缺点是单循环吸附量少，要反复循环操作，步骤多，分离效果不理想。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对已有技术存在的缺点，提供一种用酵母来选择性祛除低聚糖中单糖成分的方法，采用微生物代谢法祛除低聚糖中的单糖和双糖，从而提高低聚糖中三糖至五糖的含量。本发明原料利用度高、工艺简单，设备投入和运作成本低，适合大规模生产、能够制备含量很高的低聚糖。
为达到上述目的，本发明采取了以下技术方案：
一种祛除低聚糖中单糖成分的方法，依次由以下步骤组成：
(1)酵母先经过麦芽汁斜面培养基活化，葡萄糖增殖培养基培养；
(2)以重量百分比计，并以低聚糖重量为基准，在低聚糖中加入8～12％的酵母，再加入0.1～0.5％的尿素做氮源，调节pH值4.5～6.0；
(3)将低聚糖在23～26℃下发酵20～30小时，间隙搅拌；
步骤(1)中所使用的酵母为As 2.109酵母；
步骤(1)中所使用的低聚糖为含固量75％的低聚异麦芽糖浆。
步骤(2)中用盐酸调节pH值。
同已有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
本方法采用微生物代谢法祛除低聚糖中的单糖和双糖，从而提高低聚糖中三糖至五糖的含量。并且本发明的原料利用度高、工艺简单，设备投入和运作成本低，适合大规模生产、能够制备含量很高的低聚糖。
具体实施方式
实施例1
含固量75％的低聚异麦芽糖浆操作：As 2.109酵母先经过麦芽汁斜面培养基活化，葡萄糖增殖培养基培养，然后按照10％(V酵母/V糖)的比例加入到糖液中，再加入0.2％(W尿素/W糖)的尿素做氮源，用盐酸调pH值5.2。在23℃室温下发酵22小时，间隙搅拌。取样用高效液相色谱法检测各种糖份的变化情况。产品中葡萄糖G1为0，麦芽糖G24.2％，异麦芽低聚糖为92.56％。
实施例2
含固量75％的低聚异麦芽糖浆操作：As 2.109酵母先经过麦芽汁斜面培养基活化，葡萄糖增殖培养基培养，然后按照11％(V酵母/V糖)的比例加入到糖液中，再加入0.3％(W尿素/W糖)的尿素做氮源，用盐酸调pH值4.8。在25℃下发酵25小时，间隙搅拌。取样用高效液相色谱法检测各种糖份的变化情况。产品中葡萄糖G1为0，麦芽糖G25.3％，异麦芽低聚糖为94.5％。
实施例3
含固量75％的低聚异麦芽糖浆操作：As 2.109酵母先经过麦芽汁斜面培养基活化，葡萄糖增殖培养基培养，然后按照9％(V/V)的比例加入到糖液中，再加入0.5％(W尿素/W糖)的尿素做氮源，用盐酸调pH值5.8。在26℃室温下发酵30小时，间隙搅拌。取样用高效液相色谱法检测各种糖份的变化情况。产品中葡萄糖G1为0，麦芽糖G23.10％，异麦芽低聚糖为93.35％。
Claims (2)
1、一种祛除低聚糖中单糖成分的方法，其特征在于依次由以下步骤组成：
(1)酵母先经过麦芽汁斜面培养基活化，葡萄糖增殖培养基培养；
(2)以重量百分比计，并以低聚糖为基准，在低聚糖中加入8～12％的酵母，再加入0.1～0.5％的尿素做氮源，调节pH值4.5～6.0；
(3)将低聚糖在23～26℃下发酵20～30小时，间隙搅拌；
步骤(1)中所使用的酵母为As 2.109酵母；
步骤(1)中所使用的低聚糖为含固量75％的低聚异麦芽糖浆。
2、根据权利要求1所述的一种祛除低聚糖中单糖成分的方法，其特征在于步骤(2)中用盐酸调节pH值。
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100151332A CN1273610C (zh) | 2004-01-15 | 2004-01-15 | 一种祛除低聚糖中单糖成分的方法 |
| CA2474999A CA2474999C (en) | 2004-01-15 | 2004-07-07 | A method for the removal of monosaccharide in oligosaccharides production |
| US11/035,685 US7906314B2 (en) | 2004-01-15 | 2005-01-14 | Method for the removal of monosaccharide in oligosaccharides production |
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| CNB2004100151332A CN1273610C (zh) | 2004-01-15 | 2004-01-15 | 一种祛除低聚糖中单糖成分的方法 |
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| CN1273610C true CN1273610C (zh) | 2006-09-06 |
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| WO2007003027A1 (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2007-01-11 | Advance Will Technology Ltd. | A method of the removal of monosaccharide in oligosaccharides production |
| CN101621801B (zh) * | 2009-08-11 | 2012-11-28 | 华为终端有限公司 | 无线局域网的认证方法、系统及服务器、终端 |
| IL207945A0 (en) | 2010-09-02 | 2010-12-30 | Robert Jansen | Method for the production of carbohydrates |
| WO2015061135A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 | 2015-04-30 | Danisco Us Inc. | Functional oligosaccharides composition and a method for reducing fermentable sugars |
| CN106256910A (zh) * | 2015-06-19 | 2016-12-28 | 河南工业大学 | 利用掷孢酵母发酵去除麦麸低聚糖中阿拉伯糖的方法 |
| CN105695528A (zh) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-06-22 | 江南大学 | 一种利用酵母培养物选择性去除单糖生产寡糖的方法 |
| CN106367448A (zh) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-02-01 | 天津农学院 | 一种提高金丝小枣中低聚糖的方法 |
| CN110066348A (zh) * | 2018-01-23 | 2019-07-30 | 天津科技大学 | 一种提取、精制菊苣低聚糖的方法 |
| CN108244419A (zh) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-07-06 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种低单双糖拐枣饮料及其制备方法 |
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| HU165381B (zh) * | 1972-06-20 | 1974-08-28 | ||
| US4081326A (en) | 1976-10-07 | 1978-03-28 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | A method for removing maltotetraose and lower saccharides from solution |
| US4071407A (en) * | 1976-11-16 | 1978-01-31 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Novel maltase enzyme produced by a new yeast strain |
| US4603110A (en) | 1983-10-21 | 1986-07-29 | Grain Processing Corporation | Starch hydrolyzates and preparation thereof |
| CA1208586A (en) | 1983-11-08 | 1986-07-29 | Alpha L. Morehouse | Low d.e. starch hydrolyzates |
| KR960006119B1 (ko) | 1986-07-09 | 1996-05-09 | 노보 노르디스크 아크티에 셀스카브 | 전분 액화용 알파-아밀라아제 혼합물 |
| US5180669A (en) | 1991-03-27 | 1993-01-19 | Genencor International, Inc. | Liquefaction of granular-starch slurries using alpha-amylase in the presence of carbonate ion |
| ATE155173T1 (de) | 1991-10-31 | 1997-07-15 | Genencor Int | Verflüssigung einer trocken gemahlenen aufschlämmung von stärkekörnern. |
| NZ250048A (en) | 1992-10-28 | 1994-10-26 | Enzyme Bio Systems Ltd | Production of maltodextrins by selective hydrolysation of starches by enzymatic methods |
| EP0608636B1 (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1997-03-05 | Kikkoman Corporation | Cycloisomaltooligosaccharides, an enzyme and process for producing said oligosaccharides, and a process for producing said enzyme |
| KR19980702782A (ko) | 1995-03-09 | 1998-08-05 | 혼 마가렛 에이. | 녹말 액화 방법 |
| US5652127A (en) | 1995-06-02 | 1997-07-29 | Genencor International, Inc. | Method for liquefying starch |
| US5736533A (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1998-04-07 | Neose Technologies, Inc. | Bacterial inhibition with an oligosaccharide compound |
| KR20010032497A (ko) * | 1997-11-26 | 2001-04-25 | 에이.이. 스테일리 매니팩츄어링 컴파니 | 막 분리 단계를 포함하는 효소성 전분 당화 |
| EP1109927A4 (en) | 1998-08-31 | 2004-05-12 | Penford Corp | DILUTED STARCHES BY ENZYME |
| CN1140630C (zh) | 1999-09-21 | 2004-03-03 | 广东原沣生物工程有限公司 | 一种酶解法生产低聚糖的工艺方法 |
| WO2001025262A1 (fr) | 1999-10-04 | 2001-04-12 | Ajinomoto Co., Inc. | Compositions d'edulcorants a fort pouvoir sucrant a pouvoir sucrant accru, correcteurs de gout et leur utilisation |
| CN1164600C (zh) | 2001-03-20 | 2004-09-01 | 黄京晨 | 一种利用中药泽兰的块根制取双歧因子低聚糖的方法 |
-
2004
- 2004-01-15 CN CNB2004100151332A patent/CN1273610C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-07-07 CA CA2474999A patent/CA2474999C/en active Active
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2005
- 2005-01-14 US US11/035,685 patent/US7906314B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2474999A1 (en) | 2005-07-15 |
| US20050181486A1 (en) | 2005-08-18 |
| CN1557956A (zh) | 2004-12-29 |
| CA2474999C (en) | 2010-06-15 |
| US7906314B2 (en) | 2011-03-15 |
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