CN1243426A - 用于反折和基底打摺手术的柔性内窥外科设备 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种基底打摺的内窥外科设备,它包括一个柔性管子,一个与管子远端连接的抓紧和紧固用的端部操纵器,以及一个与管子近端连接的手动式致动器。通过管子延伸的许多柔性缆绳把手动式致动器与端部操纵器连接。管子包含一个容纳可操纵内窥镜的空腔,以及端部操纵器包括一条内窥镜远端的通道。端部操纵器具有一个许多公紧固件的贮存器,一个许多母紧固件的贮存器,一个转动抓紧件,一个用于把公紧固件和母紧固件对准它们之中器官组织的转动紧固头,以及一个发射件,它使公紧固件通过由抓紧件抓住的器官组织,并压入母紧固件中。
Description
发明背景
发明领域
本发明涉及了一种内窥外科设备。尤其是,本发明涉及了一种柔性设备,用于经过口腔把胃反折和基底打摺到食管上。
先有技术
胃与食管的基底打摺是治疗胃与食管倒流病(GERD)的一种手术,该病的症状是胃酸回流到食管中,引起食管炎、难以控制的呕吐、哮喘和呼吸性肺炎。基底打摺过程包括了折叠环绕食管下端处的胃的基底,并把它固定定位。在传统上,这种过程通过切开外科手术来完成,采用缝合术来固定围绕食管上已打摺的胃的基底,而不穿刺(切开)胃。
Harrison等的美国专利号5,403,326公布了一种进行内窥基底打摺的方法,它采用了U形外科钉或两件式的外科紧固件。Harrison等公布的方法包括进行两次通过皮肤的内窥胃切开术(通过皮肤进入胃的切口),并设置两个开口,通过它们插入打钉器、内窥镜和食管操纵器(反折装置)。在内窥镜的观察下,采用食管操纵器把食管内部拉入胃中。当食管定位时,把胃的基底打摺,把打钉器移到围绕食管下端的位置中,并把已打摺的基底钉到食管上。在不同的轴向和周向位置上重复这个过程直到达到所需的基底打摺。尽管Harrison等公布的方法是对切开外科术的重大改进,但它仍是相当侵入性的,需要通过胃的两个切口。此外,该方法需要操纵两种不同的工具来使基底定位和把基底固定到食管上。
Bolanos等的美国专利号5,571,116公布了一种治疗胃与食管倒流病的非侵入性治疗方法,它利用一种远程操作的反折装置和一种远程操作的外科打钉器,它们均经口腔插入食管。按照Bolanos等公布的方法,先插入反折装置,再用它来夹住胃与食管的连接区。然后使装置向远端移动,把已夹住的胃与食管连接区拉入胃中,由此反折连接区并卷起周围的基底壁。然后通过口腔插入打钉器,并送到已反折的连接区,用于钉住基底壁。
Bolanos等公布了几种不同的反折装置和几种不同的打钉器。一般说,Bolanos等公布的每种打钉器具有一个细长的本体和一个弹簧偏压的砧座,砧座可从本体向外转动约15°,以便在本体和砧座之间定位已反折的胃与食管连接区。本体包括一个保持着许多钉的钉匣,以及一个钉的发射刀口。Bolanos等公布的每个反折装置具有一个夹紧件,它至少要转动45°,有时要转动90°以上才能达到打开位置来夹紧胃与食管的连接区。Bolanos等公布的方法和设备的主要缺点之一是打钉器和反折装置必须同时放在食管中。对于某些公布的实施例,同时存放两种装置将因食管的尺寸而遇到很大的困难。在所有的实施例中,反折装置总是在侧向与打钉器隔开。因此,打钉器不能钉住已反折的器官组织本身,而仅能钉住在反折组织侧向附近的器官组织。打钉器砧座的相当小的转动又难以容纳反折组织附近的器官组织。另外,与其它紧固件相比,U形外科钉具有某些固有的缺点。相当小的外科钉面积使它们会在一定时间之后通过器官组织,从而未固定住器官组织,并使外科钉转移到了身体的其它部位。Bolanos等似乎承认了这个缺点,并建议在打钉之前对器官组织采用支承垫或保护物。Bolanos等没有说明如何能采用所公布设备通过口腔来完成这个过程。此外,尽管Bolanos等提到了可广泛采用其它类型的紧固件,但由于对通过口腔设备所强加的基本尺寸的约束,似乎除了Bolanos等所说明的外科钉外,限制了其它任何类型紧固件的使用。Bolanos等公布设备的致动机构在使用上有些不方便。尤其是,打钉器的砧座被压在打开位置,如果不是连续地压下杠杆,不清楚是否能把打钉器砧座锁定在闭合位置。另外,在砧座处于闭合位置之前,似乎可能会产生钉的发射触发装置的误操作。这将造成把钉意外地射入病人的胃或食管内。
发明概述
因此本发明的一个目的是提供一种内窥外科设备,用于把胃反折和基底打摺到食管上。
本发明还有一个目的是提供一种内窥外科设备,用于把胃反折和基底打摺到食管上,而其侵入性最小。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种内窥外科设备,用于把胃反折和基底打摺到食管上,它利用了不需要支承垫或保护物的紧固件。
本发明的又一个目的是提供一种内窥外科设备,用于把胃反折和基底打摺到食管上,它通过口腔送到外科手术位置。
本发明的再一个目的是提供一种内窥外科设备,用于把胃反折和基底打摺到食管上,它能打摺直接对准已反折的器官组织的组织。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种内窥外科设备,用于把胃反折和基底打摺到食管上,它使用方便,不会被意外地触发。
根据在以下将详细讨论的这些目的,本发明的内窥外科设备包括一条有扭转刚度、但是柔性的管子,它具有一个近端和一个远端,一个用于抓紧和固定的端部操纵器,它与管子的远端连接,以及一个手动式致动器,它与管子的近端连接。用于抓紧和固定的端部操纵器最好具有单独的抓紧件和固定装置。由通过柔性管子的许多柔性缆绳把手动式致动器与端部操纵器的抓紧件和固定装置相连接。管子最好具有一个空腔,用于容纳可操纵的内窥镜,端部操纵器最好包括一个内窥镜远端的通道。端部操纵器具有一个贮存许多公紧固件的贮存器,一个贮存许多母紧固件的贮存器,一个转动的紧固头,用于把公紧固件和母紧固件对准它们之间的器官组织,一个转动的发射件,用于把公紧固件通过器官组织压入母紧固件,以及一个位于紧固头和发射件之间的转动的抓紧件。
根据目前优选的实施例,柔性管子和端部操纵器的总直径(当紧固头转到打开位置和抓紧件转到闭合位置)不超过20mm(最好不超过16mm),由此可通过口腔把设备送到胃的基底上。端部操纵器最好包括一个基本上为圆柱形的不动件,它装有公紧固件贮存器和发射件。通过端部操纵器的圆柱形不动件中一个基本上为径向的开口,由发射件把公紧固件射出。转动的紧固头与端部操纵器不动件的远端铰接,并可从紧固头离开不动件向远端转动的第一位置(打开位置)转到紧固头朝着不动件向近端转动的第二位置(闭合位置)。母紧固件的贮存器最好放在紧固头内,当紧固头转到闭合位置时,在紧固头上的母紧固件传送器把母紧固件从贮存器移到与径向开口对准。
目前优选的公紧固件贮存器包括一个位于转动发射件近端的纵向导轨,其中放着一个接着一个的公紧固件。由第一偏压件使公紧固件沿导轨向远端移动。按照一个实施例,发射件包括一个法兰,它在一个公紧固件正在射出时阻止其它公紧固件向远端移动。按照目前优选的实施例,具有一对弯曲齿的叶片弹簧与导轨中下一个公紧固件的远端配合,使它避免从导轨移出。当发射件向下移动抓住另一个公紧固件时,叶片弹簧变形,容许下一个公紧固件进入发射件。目前优选的母紧固件贮存器包括一个矩形室,其中母紧固件一层叠一层地堆放,以及一个第二偏压件,把母紧固件移到母紧固件的传送器上。目前优选的母紧固件传送器是一个滑盘,它位于母紧固件贮存器附近。第二偏压件把母紧固件推入盘中,当转动紧固头从打开位置移到闭合位置时,滑盘沿侧向移动离开母紧固件的贮存器。
转动紧固头、发射件和抓紧件最好各由单独的缆绳来控制;近端的致动器包括三个杠杆,每个杠杆与相关的缆绳连接,以单独地操纵转动紧固头、发射件和抓紧件。根据目前优选的实施例,手动式致动器具有一个锁定特性,在紧固头转到适当位置之前,可防止公紧固件的意外发射。手动式致动器还包括一个可释放的锁定件,把抓紧件锁定在闭合位置。
按照一个实施例,公紧固件是一个具有中心直立倒刺形突起的圆盘,母紧固件是一个具有中心孔的圆盘,孔可与公紧固件的倒刺形突起配合。按照另一个目前优选的实施例,母紧固件为矩形,具有与公紧固件倒刺形突起配合的中心孔。母紧固件上最好设有许多弱的周边伸出物,它可使母紧固件保持在传送盘中,但在与公紧固件连接之后可被迫从盘中移出。
本发明的设备可有利地用于基底打摺手术。把可操纵的内窥镜插入设备的近端,穿过柔性管子的空腔,并从端部操纵器一端穿出,由此把设备准备好。在抓紧件为闭合和转动紧固头处于第一位置(打开位置)时,把端部操纵器插入病人的口中,并借助内窥镜通过食管导入胃中。当端部操纵器位于基底(或下面的食管刮约肌)的远端,打开抓紧件并抬起端部操纵器朝着基底,使得基底和食管下端均位于端部操纵器的不动件和抓紧件之间。然后闭合抓紧件,把围绕食管与基底连接区的器官组织夹在一起。随着抓紧件闭合,闭合转动紧固头,把它抬起朝着基底,并把基底提升到对着食管。采用在该状态下的设备,启动发射件,把一个公紧固件从径向开口射出,通过食管和基底,进入由转动紧固头内传送盘保持的母紧固件中。然后发射件回到其初始位置,把法兰或叶片弹簧移出公紧固件的贮存器,以容许把第二个公紧固件推到第二个转动的发射件上。转动紧固头移到打开位置,释放母紧固件,使传送盘回到母紧固件的贮存器,以容纳第二个母紧固件。打开抓紧件,然后重新把设备定位,重复上述过程,直到完成所需的基底打摺手术为止。
参照结合附图的详细说明,对于熟悉本技术人员来说,本发明的补充目的和优点将会很明显。
附图简述
图1是本发明柔性内窥外科设备第一实施例的放大的不完整透视图,其端部操纵器处于完全打开位置;
图2是图1设备远端的放大的不完整透视图,其端部操纵器的抓紧件处于闭合位置;
图3是图1设备远端的放大的不完整透视图,其端部操纵器处于闭合位置;
图4是从图1设备中取出的端部操纵器近端的放大视图;
图5是端部操纵器处于完全闭合位置时不完整的放大透明侧视图;
图6是端部操纵器处于完全闭合位置时不完整的放大透明侧视图,其中公紧固件射入母紧固件中;
图7是本发明公紧固件的放大侧视图;
图8是图7紧固件的放大顶视图;
图9是本发明母紧固件第一实施例的放大侧视图;
图10是图9紧固件的放大顶视图;
图11是在第一操作位置中,邻近于胃与食管连接区的图1设备远端的放大简图;
图12是在第二操作位置中,相似与图11设备的视图;
图13是在第三操作位置中,相似与图11设备的视图;
图14是在第四操作位置中,相似与图11设备的视图;
图15是在第五操作位置中,相似与图11设备的视图;
图16是在第一操作位置中(抓紧件闭合和紧固头打开)目前优选的手动式致动器一侧的侧视图,其中去除了外壳的相邻侧;
图17是图16致动器一侧的等角视图,其中去除了外壳的相邻侧;
图18是图16致动器另一侧的侧视图,其中去除了外壳的相邻侧;
图19是图16致动器另一侧的等角视图,其中去除了外壳的相邻侧;
图20是相似于图16的视图,其中致动器位于第二操作位置(抓紧件打开和紧固头打开);
图21是相似与图16的视图,其中致动器位于第三操作位置中间(抓紧件闭合和紧固头部分地打开);
图22是相似与图16的视图,其中致动器位于第四操作位置(抓紧件闭合和紧固头闭合);
图23是相似与图16的视图,其中致动器位于第五操作位置(抓紧件闭合,紧固头闭合和公紧固件发射);
图24是相似与图21的视图,为手动式致动器的另一侧;
图25是在第一操作位置中,端部操纵器的目前优选实施例的透视图;
图26是在第二操作位置中,端部操纵器的目前优选实施例的透视图;
图27是在第三操作位置中,端部操纵器的目前优选实施例的透视图;
图28是在第三操作位置中,端部操纵器的目前优选实施例的远端透视图;
图29是在第三操作位置中,端部操纵器的目前优选实施例的近端透视图;
图30是在第三操作位置中,端部操纵器的目前优选实施例的主要零部件透视图;
图31是在第四操作位置中,端部操纵器的目前优选实施例的主要零部件透视图;
图32是端部操纵器目前优选实施例的不动件和抓紧件的透视图;
图33是端部操纵器目前优选实施例的抓紧件和发射件的透视图;
图34是相似于图33的视图,为抓紧件和发射件的另一侧;
图35是母紧固件目前优选实施例的顶部透视图,母紧固件位于母紧固件的传送器中;
图36是目前优选的母紧固件的底部透视图;
图37是目前优选的母紧固件与公紧固件连接的透视图;
图38是另一个优选实施例的不完整、部分地切除的透视图,表示了容纳一个公紧固件的发射件;
图39是从不同方向透视的与图38相似的视图;
图40是相似于图39的视图,表示了抬起的发射件,以及防止公紧固件离开导轨的叶片弹簧;
图41是图38-40实施例的不完整透视图,表示了端部操纵器,其中发射件具有与之配合的公紧固件;
图42是发射件和公紧固件的透视图,其中用叶片弹簧把公紧固件配合在发射件中;
图43是发射件的透视图,其中叶片弹簧与公紧固件脱开来释放公紧固件;
图44是端部操纵器的透视图,其中发射件具有一个公紧固件,叶片弹簧与公紧固件脱开来释放公紧固件;
图45是图38-44实施例的不完整透视图,表示了母紧固件的贮存器,其中母紧固件处于接纳公紧固件的位置;
图46是图38-45实施例的不完整透视图,表示了母紧固件的传送器处于把母紧固件从母紧固件贮存器退出的位置;
图47是图38-46实施例的不完整透视图,表示了母紧固件的传送件器于中间位置,以及
图48是图38-47实施例的不完整透视图,表示了母紧固件和与弹出弹簧连接的公紧固件,弹出弹簧与公紧固件的倒刺配合。
优选实施例详述
现参照图1-4,内窥外科设备10的第一实施例包括了一条有扭转刚度但是柔性的管子12,它最好用聚乙烯制成并具有近端14和远端16,一个与管子12远端16连接的抓紧和固定用的端部操纵器18,以及一个与管子12近端14连接的手动式致动器20。依靠通过柔性管子12延伸的三根柔性缆绳22、24、26,把手动式致动器20与端部操纵器18连接。每根缆绳最好由外部螺旋包皮22a、24a、26a和内部拉丝22b、24b、26b形成。致动器20包括三个杠杆22c、24c、26c,它们与相关的拉丝22b、24b、26b连接。管子12还包含一个容纳可操纵内窥镜2的空腔28,以及端部操纵器18包括一个内窥镜2远端4的通道30。最好是,柔性管子12和端部操纵器18(处于图2所示位置)的总直径不超过20mm左右(最好不超过16mm),由此可从口腔通过食管把设备送到胃的基底上。
端部操纵器18具有一个基本上为圆柱形的不动件31,一个可转动的紧固头40,以及一个抓紧件42。不动件31具有相当柔性的近端区32和相当刚性的远端区34。远端区是刚性的,从而可把公紧固件贮存器和发射件放在其中。刚性区的长度与希望贮存的公紧固件数目有关。远端区34具有修平的区域36,它朝着不动件31的远端38向下倾斜。如以下参照图5和6作更详细的描述所示,转动紧固头40与修平区36的远端连接,并可朝着或离开修平区36作转动,如图2和3所示。可转动的抓紧件42在转动紧固头40近端与修平区36的远端连接,并可朝着和离开修平区36作转动,如图1和2所示。转动紧固头40与缆绳24连接,从而其运动受杠杆24c控制,抓紧件42与缆绳26连接,从而其运动受杠杆26c控制。
现参照图4-6,端部操纵器18的不动件31包括一个公紧固件46的贮存器44,以及一个基本上为径向的开口48,通过开口把公紧固件射出。如以下参照图7和8作更详细的描述所示,公紧固件具有基本上为T形的轮廓,贮存器44是基本上为T形的导轨,其尺寸可保持大约六个公紧固件。偏压弹簧50迫使公紧固件沿导轨向远端进入与开口48相邻的位置。可转动的发射件52位于导轨44远端附近,并与缆绳22连接。因此,杠杆22c的操作(图1)使可转动的发射件52转动,由此通过开口48射出一个公紧固件。在发射件52转回到其初始位置之前,在发射件52上的下法兰54可防止在导轨44中的紧固件向远端运动。
参照图1-6,转动紧固头40包括母紧固件57的贮存器56,以及把母紧固件移出贮存器56的滑盘58。由丝状连杆60自动地移动滑盘58,当转动紧固头40从打开位置(图1和2)转到闭合位置(图3-6)时,丝状连杆60使滑盘从贮存器56移出。如以下参照图9和10作更详细的描述所示,按照一个实施例,母紧固件一般为盘形,并成堆地保持在贮存器56中。当转动紧固头40处于打开位置时,弹簧62把母紧固件压入盘58中。当转动紧固头40从打开位置转到闭合位置时,盘58的尺寸使得单个紧固件可从贮存器中退出,并在盘中移到与开口48对着的位置。
现转到图7-10,目前优选的公紧固件46具有一个盘形底46a,一个中心直立的轴46b,以及在轴端的锥形倒刺46c。按照优选的实施例,底具有约0.3英寸的直径和约0.040英寸厚,直立件约0.140英寸高,倒刺约0.10英寸长。母紧固件57的第一实施例是基本上为平形盘57a,它具有一个中心孔57b和四个沿径向向外伸出的周边凸片57c-57f。最好在孔57附近提供四个径向的应变释放槽57g-57j。母紧固件具有约0.3英寸的直径和约0.040英寸厚。公紧固件和母紧固件均由双相容聚合物制成。倒刺46c、轴46b和孔57b的尺寸使得可迫使倒刺通过孔而把两个紧固件锁定在一起,但一旦被锁定在一起,两紧固件就不易分开。周边凸片57c-57f的尺寸使得在母紧固件与公紧固件锁定一起之前,可保持母紧固件在滑盘中,但在母紧固件与公紧固件锁定一起之后,它们可容许母紧固件从滑盘中拉出。例如,凸片很薄,足以在母紧固件从滑盘拉出时被弯曲或剪切。
如上所述,本发明的设备有利于应用在基底打摺手术中。现参照图1、2和11-15,把可操纵的内窥镜2插入设备的近端,穿过柔性管子12的空腔,并从端部操纵器18的一端穿出,从而准备好设备10。在抓紧件42为闭合和转动紧固头40处于第一(打开)位置(如图2和11所示)时,把端部操纵器18插入病人的口中,并借助内窥镜2通过食管3导入胃5中。当抓紧件42和转动紧固头40位于基底7的远端时,如图12所示打开抓紧件42并抬起端部操纵器18朝着基底7,使得基底和食管3的下端均位于端部操纵器的不动件31和抓紧件42之间。闭合抓紧件42,把食管与基底连接区保持成如图13所示。然后把转动紧固头40转到闭合位置,把它抬起朝着基底7,并把基底7提升到对着食管3,如图14所示。采用在该状态下的设备,启动可转动的发射件(在图5和6中的52),把一个公紧固件46从径向开口48射出,通过食管3和基底7,进入一个母紧固件57中,如图15所示。然后可转动发射件回到其初始位置,把法兰54移出公紧固件贮存器44,容许把第二个公紧固件推到第二个可转动发射件52上。转动紧固头40移到打开位置,释放母紧固件,把滑盘回到母紧固件贮存器,以容纳第二个母紧固件。打开抓紧件42,然后重新把设备定位,重复上述过程,直到完成所需的基底打摺手术为止。
图16到图24表示了目前优选的手动式致动器100,按照本发明,它具有一个锁定特性,在转动紧固头位于适当位置和抓紧件锁定杠杆处于闭合位置之前,可防止公紧固件的意外发射。现参照图16-20,并如图17和19所示,致动器100具有大致为手枪形的外壳101,它由两个相配的半壳102、104形成。由于大致为手枪形,这意味着外壳具有一个枪柄区108和一个枪管区109。三个杠杆(106、118、136)和带齿凸轮122均转动地装在外壳内。
第一杠杆106装在外壳的枪柄区108附近,并在其上端用销110转动连接到外壳上。开槽的通孔112容纳了缆绳26(它控制着抓紧件)的近端,并由插销114把缆绳联结在杠杆106上。在杠杆106的下端上设有一个弹簧偏压的锁定件116,它可与外壳中的缺口(图中未示)配合。
第二杠杆118在一端120上转动地与带齿凸轮122的近端连接。第二杠杆118上也设有一个开槽的通孔124,它容纳了缆绳22(它控制着紧固件的发射件)的近端。依靠在开槽通孔124中的插销126,把缆绳22的近端与杠杆118连接。开槽通孔124位于杠杆118的区域118a中,区域118a比紧相邻的区域118b宽。锁定挡块113设在半壳104(图18)中,它挡住了杠杆的宽区118a的运动,如以下更详细的描述所示。
由位于外壳枪柄区108和枪管区109之间的销128,把带齿凸轮122转动地与外壳的一部分102连接。该外壳区上设有一个开槽的壁111(图16),第一和第二杠杆106、118通过壁111伸出外壳。壁111上的槽尺寸容许杠杆118的118b区域通过,并且其尺寸可阻止通过较宽的118a区域。凸轮122具有一个远端的曲槽形通孔130,它容纳了缆绳24(它控制着转动紧固头)的近端。依靠在曲槽形通孔130中运行的插销132把缆绳24的近端与凸轮122连接。凸轮122上设有许多周向齿134,它们沿着曲形路线,从与杠杆118连接的凸轮近端开始,延伸到与曲槽形通孔相邻的一个点。
由销138把第三个杠杆136转动地装在凸轮122之上,并且杠杆136上设有许多径向齿140,它们与凸轮122的齿134配合。
在外壳101上,还设有在半壳102的枪管区109中的许多缆绳导向件142(图17),以及在半壳104的枪管区109中的一个内窥镜容纳管144(图18)。此外,半壳102、104上设有纵向导向槽146、148,它们与插销132配合,沿纵向引导销132的运动。
参照图16-24,以及参照图25-31的目前优选的端部操纵器构造(这将在以下将作更详细描述),来按顺序说明致动器100的操作。图19-31表示了当抓紧件闭合和紧固头打开时(也可参见图25)杠杆106和136的位置。在该杠杆136的位置中,杠杆118的位置使得不可能把杠杆118移动来发射一个公紧固件。尤其是,杠杆136的远端位置已使径向齿140向近端转动凸轮122,把杠杆118的枢轴点120移到在其宽区118a近端的位置。为了移动杠杆118,宽区118a需要通过阻止其运动的挡块113(图18)。此外,由于杠杆118必须绕枢轴点120转动,区域118a需要从外壳中槽111退出。但是,如上所述,槽的尺寸防止了这个运动。由于杠杆处于如图16-19所示的位置,设备能以适当的方位来送入食管。也可理解到,各杠杆的位置和方向很容易明白,它们提供了端部操纵器各部分的直观的位置指示。例如,与抓紧件108有关的杠杆106“闭合”时,就表示抓紧件为闭合。杠杆136向前约180°,就表示紧固头向前(向远端)转动了约180°。最象枪形致动器扳机的杠杆118被抬高并靠边,使它处于不能被拉动的位置。
在端部操纵器在外科手术点上定位之后,由于释放锁定件116和向远端移动杠杆106(如图20所示),抓紧件被打开(到图26所示的位置);由此移动与抓紧件206联结的缆绳26。在抓紧件已适当定位之后,杠杆106向后移动,锁定件116保持抓紧件锁定在闭合位置(图25所示的位置)上。
向近端转动杠杆136(在图21和22中表示成两个阶段),现在使转动紧固头闭合(到图27-30所示的位置)。与图20、21和22作比较,可看出当杠杆136向近端转动时,杠杆136上的齿140与凸轮122上的齿134配合,使凸轮122向远端转动。该动作使得曲槽130以这样方式转动:它迫使插销132在槽146、148中向远端移动。插销132的运动使缆绳24向远端移动,引起紧固头闭合。同时,杠杆118的枢轴点120在杠杆118宽区118a之上转动。使得在挡块113之上移动了宽区118a,并把杠杆118定在这样的位置:宽区118a不需要从槽111退出,而能靠在挡块113旁边自由地通过。如图22所示,现在杠杆118可用来发射公紧固件。可以理解到,在紧固头完全闭合之前,发射杠杆118拉动缆绳22的运动被挡块113所阻止。此外,可以理解到,当凸轮122使杠杆118绕插销126转动时,销126保持不动。
图23表示了移动到近端位置的杠杆118,它向近端拉动缆绳22,并发射公紧固件(如图31所示)。如图24所示,当发射杠杆处于近端位置时,挡块113位于宽区118a之下。可以理解到,该杠杆118位置阻止了杠杆136向远端移动。杠杆136向远端的运动将转动凸轮122成这样的方式:它沿着宽区118a必须通过挡块113的方向移动杠杆118。因此,在可以移动杠杆136来打开紧固头之前,发射杠杆118必须回到如图22所示的位置。如图23和24所示,杠杆118最好沿其近端一侧作成凹形,使得它可移过杠杆106。
现转到图25-37,目前优选的端部操纵器和紧固件均相似于上述参照图1-10的情形,通过以下描述有些差别将变得很明白。
端部操纵器200具有一个基本上为圆柱形的不动件202、一个转动紧固头204,以及一个抓紧件206。不动件202具有相当柔性的近端区208和相当刚性的远端区210。远端区210具有修平部分212,它朝着不动件202的远端214作向下倾斜。修平部分212上设有第一抓紧面216,抓紧件206上设有第二抓紧面218。一个公紧固件220位于修平部分212和近端区208之间。如图30和31所示,具有公紧固件的活动保持架224的发射件222位于不动件202之内。如图29所示,公紧固件227的贮存器226位于不动件202之内,在发射件222的近端。由于如图30所示的弹簧229的作用,把各个公紧固件227a均从贮存器压入公紧固件保持架224中。按照该实施例,在贮存器中可保持多到六个的公紧固件。如图28和29所示,在公紧固件贮存器226之下,一个内窥镜开口228设在不动件222中。如图29所示,三个缆绳开口230、232、234设在不动件202中,分别把控制缆绳联结到抓紧件206、紧固头204和发射件222。
转动紧固头204包括一个母紧固件237的贮存器236,以及一个活动盘238,用于把母紧固件移出贮存器,并进入如上所述的容纳公紧固件的位置。按照该实施例,多到六个的母紧固件保持在贮存器中。由法兰238a、238b把活动盘238与紧固头204连接,法兰238a、238b滑动地与紧固头中的槽204a、204b配合,如图27-30所示。枢轴240把活动紧固头204与不动件202的远端214连接,以及铰接连杆242(图28)把紧固头204连接到控制缆绳(图中未示)上。当连杆242向远端移动时,紧固头204移到如图28所示的闭合位置。在该位置上,连杆242中的铰链242a被移动通过枢轴240的中心,把紧固头锁定在闭合位置上。通过法兰238c和铰接连杆244,把滑盘238连接到枢轴240,如图25和26所示。当紧固头204闭合时,连杆244使得滑盘238从如图25和26所示的位置滑动到如图27和28所示的位置。
依靠与图25、26、30、33和34中紧固头相同的枢轴240,把发射件222与不动件202连接。依靠图30、33和34中所示的下法兰222a,把发射件222与控制缆绳(图中未示)连接。如图32所示,不动件202的远端区210上设有台阶式开口234,其中通过发射件的控制缆绳并截住缆绳的外皮。当控制缆绳向近端拉动法兰222a时,发射件222移向出口220。活动的公紧固件保持架224上设有近端法兰224a,由图30所示的铰接连杆246把该法兰与不动件202的侧向区210a连接。当公紧固件发射时,连杆246使得保持架224向远端滑动,如图31所示。保持架224的用途是防止当紧固头打开时公紧固件从开口220掉出,以及容许中断发射操作而同时保留公紧固件。
如图33和34所示,抓紧件206在枢轴250上与发射件222的远端转动地连接。抓紧件206也通过位于其枢轴连接之上的孔252与控制缆绳(图中未示)连接。如图31和32所示,在不动件202的远端区210上设有一个台阶式开口230,其中通过抓紧件的控制缆绳,并截住缆绳的外皮。当控制缆绳向近端拉动时,抓紧件移到如图25所示的闭合位置。
现转到图35-37,目前优选的公紧固件227(基本上与上述紧固件46相同)具有一个盘形底227a、一个中心直立轴227b、以及在轴端的锥形倒刺227c。目前优选的母紧固件237基本上为具有中心孔237b的平矩形件237a。孔237b具有锥形的入口237c和四个径向的应变释放槽237d。四个柔性或易断的周边凸片237e设在矩形件的周围。这些凸片把紧固件保持在如图35的盘中,但在母紧固件与公紧固件作如图37的连接之后,容许把母紧固件拉出盘外。
现转到图38-48,另一个优选的端部操纵器300与上述端部操纵器200相似,其相似的编号表示相似的部分。
端部操纵器300具有一个基本上为圆柱形的不动件302,一个转动的紧固头304,以及一个抓紧件306。不动件302具有修平部分312,它朝着不动件302的远端314作向下倾斜。修平部分312上设有第一抓紧面316,抓紧件306上设有第二抓紧面318。公紧固件出口320位于修平部分312的近端。如图38-44所示,具有公紧固件保持架324的发射件322位于不动件302之内。
如图41-44所示,保持架324具有一对带法兰的弹性臂324a、324b,它们保持着公紧固件327a的底部。臂324a、324b被向外偏压到如图43所示的位置。如图41和44所示,不动件302内部具有轮廓相应的壁303a、303b,它们使臂324a、324b相互靠近,由此卡住了公紧固件。当发射件322被抬起进入发射位置,如图40和44所示,弹性臂324a、324b向外移动,如图43所示,由此释放了公紧固件。
如图38-40所示,公紧固件327a、327b等的贮存器326位于不动件302之内,在发射件322的近端。各个公紧固件327a、327b等均被弹簧(图中未示)从贮存器压入公紧固件保持架324。按照该实施例,具有直立法兰325a和远端舌片325b(图40)的叶片弹簧325设在贮存器326中一排公紧固件之下。如图40所示,当发射件322位于发射位置时,法兰325a防止最远端紧固件脱离贮存器326。当发射件322从如图38和39所示发射位置返回,叶片弹簧的舌片325b被发射件322压下,由此法兰325a从下一个紧固件移出,容许它进入发射件322的保持架324。
如图41、44和48所示,在公紧固件贮存器326之下,一个内窥镜开口328设在不动件322中。三条缆绳330、332、334设在如图41和44所示的不动件302中,把控制缆绳分别联结到抓紧件306、紧固头304和发射件322上。
如图41-48所示,转动紧固头304包括一个母紧固件337的贮存器236和一个活动盘338,盘338用于把母紧固件移出贮存器,并进入如下所述的容纳公紧固件的位置。按照该实施例,多到六个的母紧固件保持在贮存器中。如图44所示,与紧固头中法兰304a、304b滑动配合的法兰338a、338b把活动盘338与紧固头304连接。通过法兰338c和铰接连杆344,把滑动盘338连接到枢轴340上,如图44、45和48所示。当紧固头304闭合时,该连杆344使得盘338从如图44所示位置滑动到如图45和46所示位置。
如图45-48所示,由双叉叶片弹簧305把母紧固件337a-337e压出贮存器336,并由如图46所示的支柱307把母紧固件沿侧向排齐,其中活动盘已除去,为了更好地露出弹簧305和支柱307。排出紧固件的弹簧309位于母紧固件贮存器336附近,并设有与公紧固件配合的表面311。当紧固头304从如图46所示的打开位置移到如图45所示的闭合位置时,活动盘338把最顶上的母紧固件337a移出贮存器,并越过排出弹簧309。图47表示了当紧固件337a移到容纳公紧固件的位置时,处于中间位置上的盘338。当公紧固件发射进入如图48所示的母紧固件,公紧固件端部将与弹簧309的表面311配合,并压缩弹簧。可以理解到,当发射件322从发射位置返回,弹簧309将推着公紧固件的端部,由此把母紧固件推出盘外,弯曲或折断母紧固件的凸片。
依靠与图39、40、42、43和48中紧固头相同的枢轴340,把发射件322与不动件302连接。由如图48所示的下法兰322a把发射件322与控制缆绳(图中未示)连接。当控制缆绳向近端拉动法兰322a时,发射件322移向出口320。
这里已经描述和说明了几个用于反折和基底打摺手术的柔性内窥外科设备实施例。尽管已经描述了本发明的特定实施例,但并不想把发明限于这些实施例,因为可以设想到,本发明具有在技术上容许的广泛范围,并同样可作出其技术说明。因此可以理解到,熟悉该技术的人员还可对本发明作出其它的修改,而不偏离权利要求所规定的本发明的精神和范围。
Claims (109)
1.一种内窥外科设备,用于展开具有公紧固件和母紧固件的两件式紧固装置,设备包括:
a)一个柔性管子,它具有近端和远端;
b)至少一条控制缆绳,它具有近端和远端并通过上述管子作延伸;
c)一个端部操纵器,它与上述管子远端连接,上述端部操纵器包括保持公紧固件和母紧固件在对着位置的装置;
d)一个活动的紧固装置,它与上述至少一条控制缆绳的上述远端连接,它把公紧固件或母紧固件移动得与另一个母紧固件或公紧固件成锁定关系;以及
e)一个致动装置,它与上述管子的上述近端和上述至少一条缆绳的上述近端连接,用于移动上述活动紧固装置。
2.按照权利要求1的内窥外科设备,还包括:
f)由上述保持装置保持的公紧固件;以及
g)由上述保持装置保持的母紧固件,上述母紧固件具有可变形或可断裂的部分,它容许上述母紧固件从上述保持装置上释放。
3.按照权利要求2的内窥外科设备,其中:上述可变形或可断裂部分包括许多周边凸片。
4.按照权利要求2的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述母紧固件是带有中心开口的圆盘,以及
上述公紧固件是带有倒刺状直立区的圆盘,上述倒刺状直立区的尺寸作成可进入上述中心开口。
5.按照权利要求2的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述母紧固件是带有中心开口的矩形件,以及
上述公紧固件是带有倒刺状直立区的圆盘,上述倒刺状直立区的尺寸可进入上述中心开口。
6.按照权利要求2的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述母紧固件是带有中心开口的矩形件,以及
上述公紧固件是带有倒刺状直立区的矩形件,上述倒刺状直立区的尺寸作成可进入上述中心开口。
7.按照权利要求1的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述柔性管子包括一个内窥镜的开口。
8.按照权利要求7的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述端部操纵器包括一个内窥镜的出口。
9.按照权利要求1的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述端部操纵器具有相对柔性区和相对非柔性区。
10.按照权利要求9的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述非柔性区具有锥形的第一抓紧面。
11.按照权利要求10的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述端部操纵器包括一个具有第二抓紧面的转动抓紧件。
12.按照权利要求1的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述端部操纵器包括一个贮存装置,它一个接一个地贮存许多公紧固件。
13.按照权利要求12的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述端部操纵器包括一个贮存装置,它一个叠一个地贮存许多母紧固件。
14.按照权利要求13的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述贮存许多母紧固件的装置包括一个转动紧固头。
15.按照权利要求14的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述转动紧固头包括一个传送装置,它把许多母紧固件之一从许多母紧固件上移出。
16.按照权利要求15的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述转动紧固头包括一个弹出弹簧,上述传送装置把许多母紧固件之一从许多母紧固件上移出,并越过上述弹出弹簧。
17.按照权利要求12的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述贮存装置包括一个偏压装置,它把公紧固件压向上述活动的紧固装置上。
18.按照权利要求17的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述活动紧固装置包括一个阻挡装置,当上述活动紧固装置把公紧固件移到与母紧固件锁定位置时,它阻挡公紧固件的偏压运动。
19.按照权利要求17的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述贮存装置包括一个释放装置,当上述活动紧固装置把公紧固件移到与母紧固件锁定位置时,它释放对公紧固件的偏压运动的阻挡。
20.按照权利要求19的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述活动紧固装置与上述阻挡的释放装置相配合。
21.按照权利要求1的内窥外科设备,还包括:
f)一个抓紧装置,它抓紧器官组织,并相对于上述活动紧固装置保持着器官组织。
22.按照权利要求21的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述至少一条控制缆绳包括与上述活动紧固装置连接的第一控制缆绳和与上述抓紧装置连接的第二控制缆绳。
23.按照权利要求22的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述致动装置包括与上述第一缆绳连接的紧固致动装置和与上述第二缆绳连接的抓紧致动装置。
24.按照权利要求17的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述活动紧固装置包括保持和释放公紧固件的活动装置。
25.按照权利要求24的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述保持和释放的活动装置包括一个滑动件。
26.按照权利要求24的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述保持和释放的活动装置包括一个弹性臂。
27.按照权利要求26的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述保持和释放的活动装置包括一对弹性臂。
28.一种外科设备,用于展开具有公紧固件和母紧固件的两件式紧固装置,设备包括:
a)一个管子,它具有近端和远端;
b)至少一个控制件,它具有近端和远端并通过上述管子作延伸;
c)一个端部操纵器,它与上述管子的远端连接,上述端部操纵器包括:
i)一个不动件,它具有一个近端,一个远端和一个保持公紧固件和母紧固件之一的装置,
ii)一个第一转动件,它转动地与上述不动件的上述远端连接,并具有保持公紧固件和母紧固件中另一个的装置,上述转动件与上述至少一个控制件的上述远端连接;以及
d)一个致动装置,它与上述管子的上述近端和上述至少一个控制件的上述近端连接,用于把上述第一转动件从第一打开位置转到第二闭合位置,在那里第一转动件从上述不动件的上述远端基本上向近端延伸。
29.按照权利要求28的外科设备,其中:
上述第一转动件当处于上述第一打开位置时,它从上述不动件向远端延伸。
30.按照权利要求28的外科设备,其中:
上述第一转动件从上述打开位置到上述闭合位置转动90°以上。
31.按照权利要求28的外科设备,还包括:
e)一个第二控制件,它具有一个近端和一个远端,并通过上述管子延伸,其中:
上述端部操纵器包括一个发射装置,当上述第一转动件处于上述闭合位置时,它把公紧固件推入母紧固件,
上述发射装置与上述第二控制件的上述远端连接,
上述致动装置与上述第二控制件的上述近端连接,以启动上述发射装置。
32.按照权利要求28的外科设备,还包括:
f)由上述保持装置之一保持的公紧固件;以及
g)由上述保持装置的另一个保持的母紧固件,上述母紧固件具有可变形或可断裂的部分,它容许上述母紧固件从上述保持装置上释放。
33.按照权利要求32的外科设备,其中:
上述可变形或可断裂部分包括许多周边凸片。
34.按照权利要求32的外科设备,其中:
上述母紧固件是带有中心开口的圆盘,以及
上述公紧固件是带有倒刺状直立区的圆盘,上述倒刺状直立区的尺寸可进入上述中心开口。
35.按照权利要求32的外科设备,其中:
上述母紧固件是带有中心开口的矩形件,以及
上述公紧固件是带有倒刺状直立区的圆盘,上述倒刺状直立区的尺寸作成可进入上述中心开口。
36.按照权利要求32的外科设备,其中:
上述母紧固件是带有中心开口的矩形件,以及
上述公紧固件是带有倒刺状直立区的矩形件,上述倒刺状直立区的尺寸作成可进入上述中心开口。
37.按照权利要求28的外科设备,其中:
上述管子包括一个内窥镜的开口。
38.按照权利要求37的外科设备,其中:
上述端部操纵器包括一个内窥镜的出口。
39.按照权利要求28的外科设备,其中:
上述端部操纵器具有相对柔性区和相对非柔性区。
40.按照权利要求39的外科设备,其中:
上述非柔性区具有锥形的第一抓紧面。
41.按照权利要求40的外科设备,其中:
上述端部操纵器包括一个具有第二抓紧面的转动抓紧件。
42.按照权利要求31的外科设备,其中:
上述端部操纵器包括一个贮存装置,它一个接一个地贮存许多公紧固件。
43.按照权利要求42的外科设备,其中:
上述端部操纵器包括一个贮存装置,它一个叠一个地贮存许多母紧固件。
44.按照权利要求43的外科设备,其中:
上述贮存许多母紧固件的装置位于上述第一转动件中。
45.按照权利要求44的外科设备,其中:
上述第一转动件包括一个传送装置,它把许多母紧固件之一从许多母紧固件上移出。
46.按照权利要求45的外科设备,其中:
上述第一转动件包括一个弹出弹簧,上述传送装置把许多母紧固件之一从许多母紧固件上移出,并越过上述弹出弹簧。
47.按照权利要求43的外科设备,其中:
上述贮存装置包括一个偏压装置,它把公紧固件压向上述发射装置。
48.按照权利要求47的外科设备,其中:
上述发射装置包括一个阻挡装置,当上述发射装置把公紧固件移到与母紧固件锁定位置时,它阻挡公紧固件的偏压运动。
49.按照权利要求47的外科设备,其中:
上述贮存装置包括一个释放装置,当上述活动紧固装置把公紧固件移到与母紧固件锁定位置时,它释放对公紧固件的偏压运动的阻挡。
50.按照权利要求49的外科设备,其中:
上述发射装置与上述阻挡的释放装置相配合。
51.按照权利要求28的外科设备,还包括:
h)一个抓紧装置,它抓紧器官组织,并相对于上述不动件和上述第一转动件保持着器官组织。
52.按照权利要求51的外科设备,其中:
上述至少一个控制件包括了与上述第一转动件连接的第一控制件和与上述抓紧装置连接的第二控制件。
53.按照权利要求52的外科设备,其中:
上述致动装置包括了与上述第一控制件连接的紧固致动装置和与上述第二控制件连接的抓紧致动装置。
54.按照权利要求47的外科设备,其中:
上述发射装置包括一个保持和释放公紧固件的活动装置。
55.按照权利要求54的外科设备,其中:
上述保持和释放的活动装置包括一个滑动件。
56.按照权利要求54的外科设备,其中:
上述保持和释放的活动装置包括一个弹性臂。
57.按照权利要求56的外科设备,其中:
上述保持和释放的活动装置包括一对弹性臂。
58.一种外科设备,包括:
a)一个管子,它具有近端和远端;
b)至少一个控制件,它具有近端和远端并通过上述管子作延伸;
c)一个端部操纵器,它与上述管子远端连接,上述端部操纵器包括:
i)一个不动件,它具有一个近端和一个远端,
ii)一个第一转动件,它转动地与上述不动件的上述远端连接,上述第一转动件与上述至少一个控制件的上述远端连接,上述不动件和上述第一转动件之一具有装载可展开紧固件的装置,以及
iii)一个抓紧装置,它与上述至少一个控制件连接;以及
d)一个致动装置,它与上述管子的上述近端和上述至少一个控制件的上述近端连接,用于把上述第一转动件从第一打开位置转到第二闭合位置,并用于打开和闭合上述抓紧装置。
59.按照权利要求58的外科设备,其中:
上述抓紧装置位于上述不动件和上述第一转动件之间。
60.按照权利要求58的外科设备,其中:
当上述第一转动件处于上述第一打开位置时,它从上述不动件向远端延伸,当上述第一转动件处于上述第二闭合位置时,它从上述远端基本上向近端延伸。
61.按照权利要求58的外科设备,其中:
上述至少一个控制件包括与上述第一转动件连接的第一控制件和与上述抓紧装置连接的第二控制件。
62.按照权利要求61的外科设备,其中:
上述抓紧装置包括与上述不动件连接的第二转动件。
63.按照权利要求62的外科设备,其中:
上述第二转动件具有第一抓紧面,上述不动件具有第二抓紧面。
64.按照权利要求63的外科设备,其中:
上述第二抓紧面是锥形。
65.按照权利要求58的外科设备,其中:
上述第一转动件和上述第二转动件绕同一轴转动。
66.按照权利要求58的外科设备,其中:
上述第一转动件和上述第二转动件绕不同轴转动。
67.按照权利要求61的外科设备,其中:
由一个铰接连杆把上述第一控制件与上述第一转动件连接。
68.按照权利要求58的外科设备,其中:
上述管子包括一个内窥镜的开口。
69.按照权利要求68的外科设备,其中:
上述端部操纵器包括一个内窥镜的出口。
70.一种外科设备,包括:
a)一个管子,它具有近端和远端;
b)至少一个控制件,它具有近端和远端并通过上述管子作延伸;
c)一个端部操纵器,它与上述管子远端连接,上述端部操纵器包括了保持带尖端的可展开紧固件的装置,以及弹射可展开紧固件的装置,上述弹射装置与上述至少一个控制件的上述远端连接:
d)一个第一转动件,它与上述端部操纵器的上述远端连接,并与上述至少一个控制件连接,上述第一转动件具有容纳可展开紧固件尖端的装置;以及
e)一个致动装置,它与上述管子的上述近端和上述至少一个控制件的上述近端连接,用于把上述第一转动件从第一打开位置(其中上述第一转动件从上述端部操纵器延伸)转到第二闭合位置(其中上述容纳装置与上述弹射装置对准),上述致动装置也启动了上述弹射装置,并包括一个锁定装置,当上述第一转动件未处于上述第二闭合位置时,它可防止上述弹射装置的启动。
71.按照权利要求70的外科设备,其中:
上述至少一个控制件包括与上述弹射装置连接的第一控制件和与上述第一转动件连接的第二控制件。
72.按照权利要求71的外科设备,其中:
上述致动装置包括与上述第一控制件连接的第一致动装置和与上述第二控制件连接的第二致动装置。
73.按照权利要求70的外科设备,其中:
上述锁定装置包括一个抬高的挡块。
74.按照权利要求70的外科设备,其中:
在上述弹射装置无动作之前,上述锁定装置也防止了上述第一转动件被打开。
75.按照权利要求70的外科设备,其中:
上述致动装置包括转动上述第一转动件的第一杠杆和启动上述弹射装置的第二杠杆。
76.按照权利要求75的外科设备,其中:
上述第一杠杆指示上述第一转动件的位置。
77.按照权利要求75的外科设备,其中:
上述第一杠杆和上述第二杠杆用配合齿相互连接。
78.按照权利要求77的外科设备,其中:
上述致动装置还包括一个转动的径向带齿件,
上述第二杠杆与上述转动的径向带齿件作转动地连接,以及
上述第一杠杆具有许多径向齿,它们与上述转动的径向带齿件配合。
79.按照权利要求78的外科设备,其中:
上述第二控制件与上述转动的径向带齿件连接。
80.按照权利要求79的外科设备,其中:
上述转动径向带齿件具有一个曲槽,上述致动装置还包括一个在上述曲槽中运行的插销,以及
上述第二控制件与上述插销连接。
81.按照权利要求70的外科设备,还包括:
f)一个与上述端部操纵器连接的转动抓紧件;以及
上述致动装置还包括转动上述转动抓紧件的装置。
82.一种内窥外科设备,包括:
a)一个柔性管子,它具有近端和远端;
b)至少一个控制缆绳,它具有近端和远端并通过上述管子作延伸;
c)一个端部操纵器,它与上述管子远端连接,上述端部操纵器包括:
i)一个不动件,它具有一个近端,一个远端和一个保持公紧固件和母紧固件之一的装置,
ii)一个第一转动件,它转动地与上述不动件的上述远端连接,并具有保持公紧固件和母紧固件中另一个的装置,上述转动件与上述至少一个控制件的上述远端连接,
iii)一个抓紧装置,它与上述至少一个控制件连接,以及
iv)一个活动紧固装置,它与上述至少一个控制件的上述远端连接,把上述公紧固件和上述母紧固件之一移入与上述公紧固件和上述母紧固件另一个的相互锁定的位置;以及
d)一个致动装置,它与上述管子的上述近端和上述至少一个控制件的上述近端连接,用于:
i)打开和闭合上述抓紧装置,
ii)把上述第一转动件从第一打开位置转到第二闭合位置,以及
iii)启动上述活动紧固装置,其中:
上述致动装置包括一个锁定装置,当上述第一转动件不处于上述第二闭合位置时,用于防止上述活动紧固装置的启动。
83.按照权利要求82的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述抓紧装置位于上述不动件和上述第一转动件之间。
84.按照权利要求82的内窥外科设备,其中:
当上述第一转动件处于上述第一打开位置时,它从上述不动件向远端延伸,
当上述第一转动件处于上述第二闭合位置时,它从上述远端基本上向近端延伸。
85.按照权利要求82的内窥外科设备,还包括:
e)由上述保持装置之一保持的公紧固件;以及
f)由上述保持装置的另一个保持的母紧固件,上述母紧固件具有可变形或可断裂的部分,它容许上述母紧固件从上述保持装置上释放。
86.按照权利要求85的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述可变形或可断裂部分包括许多周边凸片。
87.按照权利要求85的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述母紧固件是带有中心开口的圆盘,
以及上述公紧固件是带有倒刺状直立区的圆盘,上述倒刺状直立区的尺寸作成可进入上述中心开口。
88.按照权利要求85的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述母紧固件是带有中心开口的矩形件,以及
上述公紧固件是带有倒刺状直立区的圆盘,上述倒刺状直立区的尺寸作成可进入上述中心开口。
89.按照权利要求85的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述母紧固件是带有中心开口的矩形件,以及
上述公紧固件是带有倒刺状直立区的矩形件,上述倒刺状直立区的尺寸作成可进入上述中心开口。
90.按照权利要求82的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述柔性管子包括一个内窥镜的开口。
91.按照权利要求90的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述端部操纵器包括一个内窥镜的出口。
92.按照权利要求82的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述端部操纵器具有相对柔性区和相对非柔性区。
93.按照权利要求92的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述非柔性区具有锥形的第一抓紧面。
94.按照权利要求93的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述抓紧装置具有第二抓紧面。
95.按照权利要求82的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述端部操纵器包括一个贮存装置,它一个接一个地贮存许多公紧固件。
96.按照权利要求95的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述端部操纵器包括一个贮存装置,它一个叠一个地贮存许多母紧固件。
97.按照权利要求96的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述贮存许多母紧固件的装置位于上述第一转动件中。
98.按照权利要求97的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述第一转动件包括一个传送装置,它把许多母紧固件之一从许多母紧固件上移出。
99.按照权利要求98的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述第一转动件包括一个弹出弹簧,上述传送装置把许多母紧固件之一从许多母紧固件上移出,并越过上述弹出弹簧。
100.按照权利要求95的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述贮存装置包括一个偏压装置,它把公紧固件压向上述活动紧固装置。
101.按照权利要求100的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述活动紧固装置包括一个阻挡装置,当上述活动紧固装置把公紧固件移到与母紧固件锁定的位置时,它阻挡公紧固件的偏压运动。
102.按照权利要求100的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述贮存装置包括一个释放装置,当上述活动紧固装置把公紧固件移到与母紧固件锁定位置时,它释放对公紧固件的偏压运动的阻挡。
103.按照权利要求102的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述活动紧固装置与上述阻挡的释放装置相配合。
104.按照权利要求100的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述活动紧固装置包括一个保持和释放公紧固件的装置。
105.按照权利要求104的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述保持和释放的活动装置包括一个滑动件。
106.按照权利要求104的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述保持和释放的活动装置包括一个弹性臂。
107.按照权利要求106的内窥外科设备,其中:
上述保持和释放的活动装置包括一对弹性臂。
108.一种进行反折和基底打摺手术的方法,包括:
a)通过口腔和喉咙把抓紧和紧固设备插入胃中;
b)用设备抓住食管的基底;
c)用设备反折基底;
d)用设备来施加两个紧固件,使基底打摺。
109.一种进行反折和基底打摺手术的方法,包括:
a)通过口腔和喉咙把紧固设备插入胃中;
b)抓住食管的基底;
c)反折基底;
d)用设备来施加两个紧固件,使基底打摺。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US08/963,523 | 1997-11-03 | ||
US08/963,523 US6086600A (en) | 1997-11-03 | 1997-11-03 | Flexible endoscopic surgical instrument for invagination and fundoplication |
PCT/US1998/023190 WO1999022649A2 (en) | 1997-11-03 | 1998-11-02 | Flexible endoscopic instrument for invagination and fundoplication |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1243426A true CN1243426A (zh) | 2000-02-02 |
Family
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN98801657A Pending CN1243426A (zh) | 1997-11-03 | 1998-11-02 | 用于反折和基底打摺手术的柔性内窥外科设备 |
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US (7) | US6086600A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0969770B9 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2001507615A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1243426A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE334626T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU752372B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2274759C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69835420T2 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL130473A0 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1999022649A2 (zh) |
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CN100415177C (zh) * | 2001-07-16 | 2008-09-03 | 伊梅森公司 | 具有缆绳驱动的力反馈和四个接地致动器的接口装置 |
CN105852974A (zh) * | 2004-09-30 | 2016-08-17 | 直观外科手术操作公司 | 偏移遥控中心的操纵器 |
CN105852974B (zh) * | 2004-09-30 | 2019-01-08 | 直观外科手术操作公司 | 偏移遥控中心的操纵器 |
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US20020035370A1 (en) | 2002-03-21 |
US6312437B1 (en) | 2001-11-06 |
JP2001507615A (ja) | 2001-06-12 |
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ATE334626T1 (de) | 2006-08-15 |
IL130473A0 (en) | 2000-06-01 |
US7686819B2 (en) | 2010-03-30 |
EP0969770B9 (en) | 2007-10-03 |
CA2274759C (en) | 2007-04-10 |
US20140200595A1 (en) | 2014-07-17 |
CA2274759A1 (en) | 1999-05-14 |
AU752372B2 (en) | 2002-09-19 |
US6663640B2 (en) | 2003-12-16 |
US6086600A (en) | 2000-07-11 |
AU1295499A (en) | 1999-05-24 |
DE69835420D1 (de) | 2006-09-14 |
DE69835420T2 (de) | 2007-03-29 |
EP0969770B1 (en) | 2006-08-02 |
US20040010271A1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
WO1999022649A3 (en) | 1999-08-19 |
EP0969770A2 (en) | 2000-01-12 |
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