CN1224424C - 粘膜吸附性的热凝性医药载体组合物 - Google Patents
粘膜吸附性的热凝性医药载体组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种医药载体组合物,其可用于药物传递或固定生物活性化合物的作用位置,其主要包含粘膜粘着性聚合物及热凝性(thermoresponsive)聚合物,此种医药载体组合物极适合用以局部传递生物活性化合物,尤其是可用于光动力诊断或治疗的化合物,例如5-氨基酮戊酸(简称ALA)。
Description
技术领域
本发明旨在研制一种可方便使用、药物传递效果好且几乎无副作用的医药载体组合物,其主要包含粘膜粘着性聚合物及热凝性聚合物,此种医药载体组合物极适合用以局部传递生物活性化合物,尤其是可用于光动力诊断或治疗的化合物,例如5-氨基酮戊酸(简称ALA),或用以固定生物活性化合物的作用位置。
背景技术
利用化学药物治疗或诊断疾病的最终目的是将适当浓度的药物分子或其衍生物传送至患者欲作用的部位,并在获得治疗或诊断效果的同时,避免不良副作用的发生,这一点对于局部性疾病患者,像皮肤癌、口腔癌、喉肿瘤、口腔粘膜白斑病及其它粘膜疾病,尤其需要。
药物的药学效应(包括毒性及治疗效果)通常与其在作用部位的浓度有关,不论药物的施用是采用全身性给药途径或局部用药方式,最主要的仍是依据药物活性成分本身的特性而定。对某些疾病治疗或治疗剂而言,全身性施用的方式可能较易达到治疗效果且此方式易获得患者的配合;但另一方面,对于一些必须在特定部位呈现较强效应的药物治疗而言,局部施药应是较好的用药途径。
为达到部位效果的用药途径通常包括口服途径及局部施药途径,有一些制剂剂型被设计成使药物的部位效应主要发生在皮肤或粘膜(包括眼、鼻、胃、直肠、阴道或呼吸道的皮肤或粘膜)上,例如活性炭吸附剂、抗菌剂及制酸剂等,可在口服施用后在胃肠道内发挥部位效应。
为了使药物能在特定粘膜部位成功地作用,必须将下列两项因素列入考虑:剂型必须具备足够的粘膜吸附性,以及药物在作用部位的滞留时间需足够将药物释放出。
光动力治疗(photodynamic therapy;以下简称PDT)以肿瘤组织优先吸收和/或保持光敏感化学品为基础,光敏感剂通常为惰性的,而且当其暴露于特定波长的光线时,其可刺激有毒物质产生,从而造成细胞伤害及死亡而达到杀死肿瘤细胞的目的。
1990年,Kennedy等人建议利用光敏感剂前体“5-氨基酮戊酸”(简称ALA)以配合PDT的用法(Fink-Puches R,Wolf P,Kerl H等:Photodynamic therapy of superficial basalcell carcinoma by instillation of aminolevulinicacid and irradiation with visible light.ArchDermatol 1997;133:1494-1495)。ALA为原卟啉(protoporphyrin IX,简称PpIX,为一种光敏感剂)在血红素生物合成路径中的代谢性前体(参见A.Kübler等,Treatment oforal leukoplakia by topical application of 5-aminolevulinic acid,Int.J.Oral Maxillofac.Surg.,1998;27:466-469);ALA的内生性合成是通过由血红素的合成经由回馈控制而调节;经由外生性施用ALA,该回馈机制会被越过而随后造成过度生产及累积卟啉的前体,其主要是PpIX(参见Peng等,5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy:clinical research and future challenges,Cancer1997,79:2282-2308;Fan等,Photodynamic therapy using5-aminolevulinic acid for premalignant and malignantlesions of the oral cavity,Cancer 1996,78:1374-1383;Fehr等,Selective photosensitizer localization in thehuman endometrium after intrauterine application of5-aminolevulinic acid,Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996,175:1253-1259;Svanberg等,Photodynamic therapy usingintravenous delta-aminolevulinic acid-inducedprotoporphyrin IX sensitization in experimentalhepatic tumours in rats,Br J Cancer 1996,74:1526-1533)。
当PpIX暴露于特定波长及能量的光线时,即发生光动力反应,最后会导致单线态氧及可能的过氧化物及羟基自由基形成(参见Peng等,5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamictherapy:clinical research and future challenges,Cancer 1997,79:2282-2308;Product Information:Levulan(R)Kerastick(TM),aminolevulinic acid.DUSAPharmaceuticals,wilmington,MA,USA,1999)。在外生性施用ALA后,已发现PpIX在肿瘤组织中有某种程度的选择性累积现象。
在过去十年内已有许多研究显示,不论是全身性或局部性施用ALA皆可引发光敏感剂PpIX在肿瘤细胞内累积(参见Loh CS.Vernon D.MacRobert AJ.Bedwell J.Bown SG.Brown SB.Endogenous porphyrin distribution induced by 5-aminolaevulinic acid in the tissue layers of thegastrointestinal tract.Journal of Photochemistry &Photobiology.B-Biology.20(1):47-54,1993)。ALA-介导的光动力治疗(简称ALA-PDT)在口腔及胃肠道的癌前/癌化损害、上泌尿道的移行细胞癌及其它情况的治疗效果已经公开,已知由ALA衍生的PpIX在快速增生的细胞内累积可作为临床诊断的生物学理论基础,因为在蓝光下,ppIX在波长约630nm下会散发砖红色荧光,藉此可诊断出是否有肿瘤细胞存在(参见Kriegmair等,Detection of early bladder cancer by 5-aminolevulinic acid induced porphyrin fluorescence,J Urol 1996,155:105-110;Peng等,5-aminolevulinicacid-based photodynamic therapy:clinical researchand future challenges,Cancer 1997,79:2282-2308;Stummer等,Intraoperative detection of malignantgliomas by 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced porphyrinfluorescence,Neurosurgery 1998,42:518-525),PpIX荧光作用已经证明可用于膀胱癌及恶性神经胶质瘤的诊断。
由于ALA的稳定性欠佳,为了较佳的临床效果及操作上的方便性,有一种用于治疗皮肤疾病的市售局部用产品采用两室(two-chamber)剂型(Levulan,Kerastick(TM),1999),其中一室含有干燥的ALA粉末,而另一室则含有混合的赋形剂,待施用至皮肤前才将两室混合,其经调配后的局部用溶液必须立即使用,并于调配经两小时后丢弃(Prod Info LevulanKerastick(TM),1999);为了安全起见,这种经混合的产品溶液不可接触眼睛或粘膜表面(Prod Info Levulan(R)Kerastick(TM),1999);在施用14至18小时后利用蓝光照射给药部位,完成ALA代谢产物PpIX的光活化作用。
除了皮肤方面的应用外,亦已有研究报告公开ALA的其它局部性应用,例如Michael Mehlmann等人试图利用含有0.6% ALA的0.9% NaCl溶液的喷雾器以将喉肿瘤染上荧光(Lasers inSurgery and Medicine 25:414-420,1999),但其必须对患者施用总共5毫升的含30毫克ALA的溶液,给予的体积大且剂型流动性高,大部分的ALA易流至肠胃道造成全身性吸收、分布,因此易导致不良的副作用产生;而且由于其必须在使用前方可调配该制剂且调配后须立即使用,因此实用性欠佳。V.Vonoxa等人试图将ALA调配至单一组成的生物粘着性胶中,并将此胶给予至鼠体内以提高ALA转化为PpIX的效应(J.Pharm.Pharmacol.1997,49:652-656 Potential efficacy of a delta 5-ALAbioadhesive gel formulation for the PDT of lesionsof the GI tract in mice),但其同意下述事实:“局部施用敏感剂远较全身性注射适合,因为标的处的浓度宜增加,而周围组织的浓度宜减低所致”,在此项研究中,V.Vonoxa等人企图设计出一种流体凝胶以便经口施用以达到粘膜粘着效果,其结论是1%Noveon AA-1(polycarbophil)凝胶系统在与其它三种系统(即2%黄原胶、10% carmellose钠盐、及15.5% poloxamer 407)相比,表现最佳。
在一个小型研究中发现经口服60毫克/千克ALA的PDT会引发上皮细胞坏死且可有效治疗口腔发育异常,在对12名感染口腔粘膜白斑病数年的患者局部施用ALA并配合PDT治疗时,有9名患者有反应(但其中仅5名患者显示完全反应);其是在治疗前一小时内,将ALA溶解成20%(重量)的优塞林酐(eucerin anhylic)溶液并添加5%阿拉伯胶及石蜡以增加粘着性;将3至5克如此获得的混合物施加至患部并覆以纱布垫,然后每隔30分钟,添加一次3至5克这种混合物并覆盖,经2小时后移除该乳胶物,然后以氩-染料(argon-dye)激光照射该经处理的患部一小时(参见A.Kübler等,Treatment of oral leukoplakia by topicalapplication of 5-aminolevulinic acid,Int.J.OralMaxillofac.Surg.,1998;27:466-469);在此项研究中,每位患者共施用1.2至2.0克ALA,相信在吞服至胃肠道后,有大量的制剂最后进入血液循环系统中;无论如何,此类治疗已发现胃肠道的副作用,像恶心及呕吐等,与ALA的使用剂量有关(Stummer等,Intraoperative detection of malignant gliomas by5-aminolevulinic acid-induced porphyrinfluorescence,Neurosurgery 1998;42:518-525),因此此方面的技术仍亟需有效的部位施用方式以减低副作用的发生。
Poloxamer是由环氧乙烷及环氧丙烷组成的具有式HO(C2H4O)a(C3H6O)b(C2H4O)aH(式中a=8~200,b=14~80)的嵌段共聚物,已知在医药制剂方面系作为乳化剂、助溶剂及润湿剂使用。目前市售的poloxamer其商品名主要为Pluronic(BASFCorp.)或Synperonics(ICI)。
综观此方面技术已公开的各种局部用药物传递系统,其使用的形式、便利性及药物传递效果都仍无法令人完全满意。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种可方便使用、药物传递效果好且几乎无副作用的医药载体组合物,其主要包含粘膜粘着性聚合物及热凝性聚合物,此种医药载体组合物极适合用以局部传递生物活性化合物,尤其是可用于光动力诊断或治疗的化合物,例如5-氨基酮戊酸(简称ALA),或用以固定生物活性化合物的作用位置。
本发明还涉及一种用于光动力诊断或治疗的组合物,其主要包含粘膜粘着性聚合物、热凝性聚合物及光敏感剂或其前体,例如5-氨基酮戊酸(简称ALA)。
附图说明
图l:不同浓度PF-127水溶液的升温点曲线图;
图2:不同浓度PF-127水溶液的降温点曲线图;
图3:不同浓度Carbopol 971P对PF-127 25%水溶液凝胶范围的影响;
图4:不同浓度Carbopol 941对PF-127 25%水溶液凝胶范围的影响;
图5a:PF-127与Carbopol 971p干粉以1∶1混合的红外光分析吸收光谱;
图5b:Carbopol 971P与Carbopol 971P干粉以1∶1混合的红外光分析吸收光谱;
图5c:PF-127与Carbopol 971p干粉以1∶1混合的红外光分析吸收光谱;
图6a:以10℃/分钟速率升温,以差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析PF-127在22-120℃之间的热谱;
图6b:以10℃/分钟速率升温,以差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析PF-127与Carbopol 971P等重量混合物在22-120℃之间的热谱;
图7a:以25%PF127胶体溶液系统涂抹10毫克ALA于仓鼠颊窝后的荧光光谱;
图7b:未涂抹ALA于仓鼠颊窝的荧光光谱(对照侧);
图8a:以1%Carbopol 941胶体溶液系统涂抹10毫克ALA于仓鼠颊窝后的荧光光谱;
图8b:未涂抹ALA于仓鼠颊窝的荧光光谱(对照侧);
图9a:以1% Carbopol 941+25% PF127胶体溶液系统涂抹10毫克ALA于仓鼠颊窝后的荧光光谱;
图9b:未涂抹ALA于仓鼠颊窝的荧光光谱(对照侧);
图10:不同的载体组合物涂抹5毫克ALA于仓鼠颊窝后的荧光光谱。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种医药载体组合物,其可用于药物传递或固定生物活性化合物的作用位置,其主要包含粘膜粘着性聚合物及热凝性聚合物,这种医药载体组合物极适合用以局部传递生物活性化合物;其中粘膜粘着性聚合物于组合物中的含量宜为0.5%~2%,而热凝性聚合物于组合物中的含量宜为15%~40%,其余主要为水。
所谓的“局部传递”在本文中意指一种剂型是经施用至覆盖体表的上皮层,以于施用部位释放部位效应,例如将制剂施用至皮肤、眼睛的角膜、或鼻部、直肠、阴道或呼吸道的粘膜。
适合用于本发明的医药载体组合物的粘膜粘着性聚合物包括各种已知的可附着在生物粘膜表面且能滞留一段时间的合成性或天然的聚合材料,可提及的粘膜粘着性聚合物例子包括:聚丙烯酸类,如聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸酯、羧乙烯基聚酯(即carbopol或carbomer)或丙烯酸与烯丙基蔗糖的交联共聚物、polycarbophil或丙烯酸与联乙烯基乙二醇的交联共聚物等;纤维素类,如:羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、羟乙基纤维素(HEC)、羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、甲基纤维素、壳聚糖等;天然胶类,如:瓜耳胶、阿拉伯胶、tracanth等;琼脂糖及藻朊酸盐等,其中以carbopol(或carbomer)、HPMC、HPC、CMC及瓜耳胶为优选,而以carbopol 971P及carbopol 941为特别优选。粘膜粘着性聚合物在粘膜部位可促进药物滞留,因此当药物与粘膜粘着性聚合物一起施用时可提高疗效,此种药物施用途径可应用至眼睛、鼻部、直肠、阴道或呼吸道。
本发明的药物传递组合物中粘膜粘着性聚合物含量宜为占总重量0.5%~2%,优选为1~1.5%。
适合用于本发明的药物传递组合物的热凝性聚合物为任何已知的在低温(例如低于约25℃,宜低于约33℃)时为溶液状态,在较高温时(例如在约25~60℃,宜约33~55℃时)为凝胶状态,而在更高温(例如高于约51℃,宜高于约53℃)时又呈溶液状态的聚合物。简而言之,适合用于本发明的药物传递组合物的热凝性聚合物是具两个临界点,于低温时为溶液状态,在历经第一临界点进入较高温时为凝胶状态,而在历经第二临界点进入更高温时又呈溶液状态的聚合物,其中第一临界点介于25℃及37℃之间,第二临界点介于45℃及55℃之间。可特别提及的热凝性聚合物例子包括:具有式HO(C2H4O)a(C3H6O)b(C2H4O)aH(式中a=8~200,b=14~80)的嵌段共聚物、聚烯酰胺类及其类似物,其中优选为Pluronic F-127(简称PF-127)及聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(简称PNIPAAM)及其类似物。
本发明的药物传递组合物中热凝性聚合物含量宜为占总重量15%~40%,优选为20~30%。
若适当,本发明的药物传递组合物亦可包含其它药学上常用的赋形剂或载体,例如乳糖、淀粉、葡萄糖、硬脂酸镁、磷酸二钙、甘露醇、水等惰性物质;且全部的赋形剂在需要时可与稀释剂、乳化剂、助溶剂及润湿剂等不会影响活性成分的吸附性及稳定性的已知添加剂并用,并使用本领域技术人员所已知的技术混合。
若适当,为了提高活性化合物穿透皮肤的效果,本发明的药物传递组合物亦可进一步包含已知的可干扰膜通透性的穿透性增强剂(penetration enhancer),例如聚乙二醇(PEG)、丙二醇(PG)等二醇类;此外,视需要,本发明的药物传递组合物亦可另外包含已知的可增加脂溶性(或降低HLB值)的物质,例如脂肪酸,以改善活性化合物在局部用药时的脂溶性。
可利用本发明的医药载体组合物传递的生物活性化合物包括任何已知可经人或动物的皮肤或粘膜施药的活性化合物,尤其是可用于光动力诊断或治疗的化合物,其中以5-氨基酮戊酸(简称ALA)为特别优选的;这些活性化合物可于使用前即混入本发明的医药载体组合物中呈产品型式贮放,或与本发明的医药载体组合物分开贮放,在需要使用时方一起混合。
本发明的医药载体组合物在与活性化合物混合前或混合时或混合后,可利用药学上已知的缓冲剂,例如磷酸盐、碳酸盐、醋酸盐等,视所使用的活性化合物种类而定,将混合物的pH值调至最适值,例如:若使用ALA时,混合物的pH值宜调至约2~4,各种活性化合物的最适pH值可依本领域技术人员的经验视情况需要而调整。
本发明者意外地发现,本发明的医药载体组合物在局部施用活性化合物,尤其是可用于光动力诊断或治疗的化合物(特别是ALA)时,兼具下列优点:
1.用药方便,因其在常温下呈液态且于体温下呈凝胶状态,所以用药时只需适当涂抹或喷洒即可;
2.药物滞留在粘膜表面的时间相当长,且无副作用;
3.贮存稳定性高;
4.使用的活性化合物剂量低,效果好,不易发生因活性化合物使用剂量过高而导致的副作用;
5.患者利用此种医药载体组合物接受ALA-PDT治疗后,较无怕光反应发生且可缩短需远离强光及阳光的时间。
本发明医药载体组合物的使用效果以ALA的临床实验为例,已有技术中局部使用ALA治疗口腔粘膜白斑病需使用30毫克ALA,且每一疗程必须涂覆多次,临床上平均约需五个以上的疗程,治疗效果尚且无法令人满意;至于口服使用者,甚至需使用60毫克/千克ALA,而且往往会伴随着不良的副作用发生。然而以本发明的医药载体组合物局部施用ALA,则每一疗程仅需使用约10毫克ALA,且疗程次数缩短至少1/2,疗效极佳亦无副作用发生,如此优异的医疗效果并未见诸任何已有技术,因此本发明堪称获致此方面技术实质的成功。
因此,本发明另外涉及一种用于光动力诊断或治疗的组合物,其主要包含粘膜粘着性聚合物、热凝性聚合物及光敏感剂或其前体,例如5-氨基酮戊酸(简称ALA)。当本发明的医药载体组合物与ALA合用时,由于ALA对碱性环境相当敏感,因此宜将组合物的pH值调至小于4。
除了在光敏感剂方面的应用外,本发明的医药载体组合物亦极适合用以施用各种已知可经人或动物的皮肤或粘膜施用的活性化合物,因为其施用时呈液态,极方便涂覆或喷洒,且一旦接触动物体温后又将自动凝结成凝胶状态而附着于体表,不易剥落,以利动物及人体吸收活性化合物或直接于患部作用而充份发挥活性化合物的处理或治疗效果;另一方面,在活性化合物作用相当时间后,只需将凝胶剥离体表即可,非常方便,因此不论是在医疗方面或是保健方面(例如敷面),皆属非常实用的载体组合物。
当本发明此种载体组合物应用在保健方面(例如敷面)时,亦可进一步与保健常用的成分混合,例如:已知的赋形剂、营养剂(如:维生素、灵芝、胶原蛋白等)、保湿剂等,这些方面的应用亦应属本发明的技术范围内。
本发明医药载体组合物的代表性优选实施例为采用下列组成:
约1% Carbopol 971P;
约20% Poloxamer PF127;
其余为水(百分比皆以重量/体积计)。
本发明的医药载体组合物的代表性优选应用实施例为采用下列组成:
约20% ALA HCl;
约1% Carbopol 971P;
约20% Poloxamer PF127;
其余为水(百分比皆以重量/体积计)
下列实例旨在说明本发明,而非限制本发明,其只是作为实施本发明的一种建议方法,很明显地,本领域技术人员可以从本申请说明书内容发现实施本发明的其它方法,但是这些均等替换的方法应视为包含在本发明的范围内。
实施例
对于赋形剂或载体(尤其是医药用的赋形剂或载体)而言,组合物的成分之间不宜发生交互作用,以便该组合物在添加生物活性成分之后的物化性质较容易预期。如果单一成分本身原来即符合人体摄取或植入标准,我们更不希望该成分因为不预期的交互作用而产生对人体的伤害。以下实验旨在证明本发明组合物中各成分的功能及基本性质不会因为与其它成分混合而发生改变。
实施例1.1
pluronic F-127(PF-127)是一种具有可逆式热凝胶化(reverse thermal gelation)的聚合物。依据Schmolka(Schmolka IR.Artificial skin.I.Preparation andproperties of pluronic F-127 gels for treatment ofburns,Journal of Biomedical Materials Research.6(6):571-82,l972)早期的报告及近期其它研究团队的结果(1.Morishita M.Barichello JM.Takayama K.Chiba Y.Tokiwa S.Nagai T.,Pluronic F-127 gels incorporatinghighly purified unsaturated fatty acids for buccaldelivery of insulin,International Journal ofPharmaceutics.212(2):289-93,2001;2.El-Kattan AF.Asbill CS.Kim N.Michniak BB.,Effect of formulationvariables on the percutaneous permeation ofketoprofen from gel formulations,Drug Delivery:Journal of Delivery & Targeting of Therapeutic Agents.7(3):147-53,2000;3.Onuki Y.Morishita M.TakayamaK.Tokiwa S.Chiba Y.Isowa K.Nagai T.,In vivo effectsof highly purified docosahexaenoic acid on rectalinsulin absorption,International Journal ofPharmaceutics.198(2):147-56,2000)均显示,在适当的水溶液浓度下(大多建议20-30%),PF-127水溶液能在低温时(例如4~5℃)呈液状,而在接近人体体温时呈不易流动的半固态胶蜡状,而温度再度升高到第二个临界点时,原本半固态的凝胶又恢复成流动的液状。
实验方法
定量样品于固定体积及控温条件下由低温4℃开始以2℃/分钟速率升温,以转速400rpm转动,观察转子停止转动(T1)及再转动时(T2)的温度,操作温度至90℃即停止。将PF-127配制成10%w/w,17.5%w/w,20%w/w,22.5%w/w,25%w/w五种浓度,依照实验步骤,各重复三次后取平均值,测试结果参见表1及图1。
表1
PF-127浓度(%,w/w) | 第一临界温度 | 第二临界温度 |
10 | 24.53 | 43.6 |
17.5 | 35.2 | 60.5 |
20 | 28.27 | 62.93 |
22.5 | 24.87 | 73.93 |
25 | 21.43 | 69.13 |
实施例1.2
样品及操作条件如实施例1.1所述,只是定量样品于固定体积及控温条件下由低温90℃开始以2℃/分钟速率降温,以转速400rpm转动,观察转子停止转动(T2)及再转动时(T1)的温度,操作温度至4℃即停止。将PF-127配制成10%w/w,17.5%w/w,20%w/w,22.5%w/w,25%w/w五种浓度,依照实验步骤,各重复三次后取平均值,测试结果参见表2及图2。
表2
PF-127浓度(%,w/w) | 第二临界温度 | 第一临界温度 |
10 | 28 | 13 |
17.5 | 60.47 | 34.3 |
20 | 62.93 | 26.33 |
22.5 | 73.23 | 24 |
25 | 70.7 | 23.67 |
实施例1.3
样品及操作条件如实施例1.1及实施例1.2所述。方形标记代表升温试验,三角形标记代表降温试验。PF-127浓度固定为25%w/w,加入不同浓度Carbopol 971P,各重复三次后取平均值,测试结果参见表3及图3。
表3
25%w/w PF-127+下列浓度的Carbopol 971P(%w/w) | 升温试验的第二临界温度 | 降温试验的第二临界温度 | 升温试验的第一临界温度 | 降温试验的第一临界温度 |
0 | 70.7 | 69.13 | 23.67 | 21.43 |
0.5 | 60.7 | 58.67 | 31.13 | 25.17 |
0.8 | 54.83 | 54.33 | 33.2 | 32.37 |
1 | 54.2 | 53.23 | 34.7 | 34.87 |
1.2 | 51.37 | 40.4 | 32.73 | 38.87 |
测试结果显示粘膜粘着性聚合物Carbopol 971P的添加并不会大幅影响热凝性聚合物PF-127的第一临界温度及第二临界温度,因而为极佳的载体组合物。
实施例1.4
样品及操作条件如实施例1.1及实施例1.2所述。方形标记代表升温试验,三角形标记代表降温试验。PF-127浓度固定为25%w/w,加入不同浓度Carbopol 941,各重复三次后取平均值,测试结果参见表4及图4。
表4
25%w/w PF-127+下列浓度的Carbopol 941(%w/w) | 升温试验的第二临界温度 | 降温试验的第二临界温度 | 升温试验的第一临界温度 | 降温试验的第一临界温度 |
0 | 70.7 | 69.13 | 21.43 | 23.67 |
0.5 | 54.87 | 52.8 | 32.43 | 38.63 |
0.8 | 50.17 | 52.8 | 36.83 | 38.63 |
1 | 55.97 | 54.53 | 34.07 | 33.37 |
1.2 | 48.27 | 48.43 | 36.03 | 38.93 |
测试结果显示粘膜粘着性聚合物Carbopol 941的添加并不会大幅影响热凝性聚合物PF-127的第一临界温度及第二临界温度,因而为极佳的载体组合物。
实施例1.5
图5所显示的红外光分析吸收光谱依序为PF-127、Carbopol971P、以及PF-127与Carbopol 971P干粉以1∶1混合。可看出PF-127与Carbopol 971P之间以固体形式混合后,并无新键合产生。
实施例1.6
图6a及6b显示以10℃/分钟速率升温,以差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析PF-127及Carbopol 971P在22-120℃之间的热谱。PF-127在热谱上出现一吸热峰,代表56℃左右为其熔点。在22-120℃之间的热谱区间内,Carbopol 971P则无明显的吸热或放热波峰。虽然在加入Carbopol 971P之后,PF-127的熔点略为下降,但由于下降的范围有限,应为正常的混合后,影响晶格排列所致,且因并无新波峰的产生,所以认为两者之间的混合并不影响其个别物化性质的表现。
药理试验
实施例2.1添加ALA后PpIX荧光作用的仓鼠颊窝测试
涂抹10毫克ALA后的荧光光谱,胶体溶液系统为25%PFl27,颊囊组织经DMBA(9,10-二甲基-1,2-苯并蒽)处理过。图7a为涂抹ALA侧;图7b为无涂抹ALA的对照侧。观察涂抹测的荧光强度变化可看出,荧光强度在第3小时达到最高峰。但是在其对应的未涂抹测,也有与涂抹测相当的荧光强度在5小时之内呈现;主要应该是因为PF-127未能有效将ALA控制于涂抹的部位所致。
实施例2.2添加ALA后PpIX荧光作用的仓鼠颊窝测试
涂抹10毫克ALA后的荧光光谱,胶体溶液系统为1%Carbopol 941,颊囊组织经DMBA处理过。图8a为涂抹ALA侧;图8b为无涂抹ALA的对照侧。观察涂抹测的荧光强度变化可看出,荧光强度在第3小时达到最高峰,但此荧光强度较实施例2.1涂抹测的结果较弱,可能因为Carbopol 941的聚分子架构(分子量约100万)阻碍ALA穿透进入组织所致。其对应的未涂抹测并未显现明显的荧光变化;主要应该是因为Carbopol 941具有较佳的粘膜吸附性,能将ALA控制于局部处释放。
实施例2.3添加ALA后PpIX荧光作用的仓鼠颊窝测试
涂抹10毫克ALA后的荧光光谱,胶体溶液系统为1% Carbopol941加上25%PF-127,颊囊组织经DMBA处理过。图9a为涂ALA侧;图9b为无涂抹ALA的对照侧。观察涂抹测的荧光强度变化可看出,荧光强度在第2小时达到最高峰,且最高荧光强度与实施例2.1所呈现的结果相当。其对应的未涂抹测虽呈现有荧光变化,但变化幅度较实施例2.1中单独使用PF-127为窄;主要应该是此凝胶基剂中同时使用具有粘膜吸附性的Carbopol 941及可在体温下呈现胶状的PF-127所致。因此本实施例证明所采用的粘膜粘着性聚合物与热凝性聚合物混合时并未明显影响彼此的原有效果,而整体呈现极有利于施药的结果。
实施例2.4添加ALA后PpIX荧光作用的仓鼠颊窝测试
利用不同的载体组合物涂抹5毫克ALA后的荧光光谱。图10中所呈现的是在分别涂抹各组合物且以410nm激发光激发之后,将涂抹测620-640nm荧光强度平均值与时间所做的关系图。其中HPMC为另一种粘膜吸附剂,Vit.C为1-抗坏血酸,Fe为硫酸亚铁。
由图10中可看出,由于ALA的给予量降低,其相对应的荧光强度也较高剂量ALA时为弱。以本浓度的ALA剂量而言,25%PF-127加上2%HPMC(Methocel K100M)的组成所呈现的结果最好,也就是说此组成所呈现的荧光强度的变化(0小时与其它时间点的差异)是最明显的。测试结果参见表5~9及图10:
表5
5毫克ALA(PF-127 25%+CP 1%)中,重复九次 | ||||||
620-640avg | 0hr | 1hr | 2hr | 3hr | 4hr | 5hr |
1 | 0.00026991 | 0.000296 | 0.000399 | 0.000391 | 0.000499 | 0.000609 |
2 | 0.00026045 | 0.000277 | 0.000323 | 0.000348 | 0.000424 | 0.00047162 |
3 | 0.00027374 | 0.000281 | 0.000352 | 0.00041 | 0.000598 | 0.00042619 |
4 | 0.00044023 | 0.000342 | 0.000317 | 0.000339 | 0.000354 | 0.0003801 |
5 | 0.00036744 | 0.000298 | 0.000318 | 0.000308 | 0.000347 | 0.00037301 |
6 | 0.00031429 | 0.000311 | 0.000336 | 0.000346 | 0.000371 | 0.00033327 |
7 | 0.0002831 | 0.000299 | 0.000269 | 0.000321 | 0.000305 | 0.00032559 |
8 | 0.00026535 | 0.000286 | 0.000265 | 0.000332 | 0.000329 | 0.00034685 |
9 | 0.00025987 | 0.000284 | 0.000268 | 0.000347 | 0.000336 | 0.00034764 |
平均值 | 0.0003038 | 0.0003 | 0.00032 | 0.00035 | 0.0004 | 0.0004015 |
标准偏差 | 6.179E-05 | 2E-05 | 4.5E-05 | 3.2E-05 | 9.6E-05 | 9.094E-05 |
表6
5毫克ALA于(PF-127 25%+CP 1%+Vit C 1%)中 | ||||||
620-640avg | 0hr | 1hr | 2hr | 3hr | 4hr | 5hr |
1 | 0.00037265 | 0.000449 | 0.000514 | 0.000534 | 0.000481 | 0.0003969 |
2 | 0.00039621 | 0.000448 | 0.000663 | 0.000716 | 0.000557 | 0.00046648 |
3 | 0.00038075 | 0.000423 | 0.000623 | 0.000544 | 0.000514 | 0.00042696 |
4 | 0.0003987 | 0.000388 | 0.000309 | 0.000557 | 0.000602 | 0.00060228 |
5 | 0.00039902 | 0.000411 | 0.00051 | 0.000566 | 0.000533 | 0.00058531 |
6 | 0.00045477 | 0.00036 | 0.000471 | 0.000431 | 0.000336 | 0.00058604 |
7 | 0.00035705 | 0.000458 | 0.000381 | 0.000446 | 0.000468 | 0.00048977 |
8 | 0.00031595 | 0.000304 | 0.000339 | 0.000385 | 0.000356 | 0.00036271 |
9 | 0.00032885 | 0.000345 | 0.000431 | 0.000414 | 0.00035 | 0.00046659 |
平均值 | 0.0003782 | 0.0004 | 0.00047 | 0.00051 | 0.00047 | 0.000487 |
标准偏差 | 4.159E-05 | 5.3E-05 | 0.00012 | 0.0001 | 9.8E-05 | 8.716E-05 |
表7
5毫克ALA于(PF-127 15%+CP 1.5%)中 | ||||||
620-640avg | 0hr | 1hr | 2hr | 3hr | 4hr | 5hr |
1 | 0.00064041 | 0.000684 | 0.00052 | 0.000625 | 0.000483 | |
2 | 0.00046 | 0.000537 | 0.000468 | 0.00056 | 0.000428 | |
3 | 0.00047975 | 0.000552 | 0.000372 | 0.000639 | 0.000423 | |
4 | 0.00055916 | 0.00054 | 0.000474 | 0.00057 | 0.000419 | 0.00038254 |
5 | 0.0004557 | 0.000476 | 0.000428 | 0.000461 | 0.000465 | 0.0004127 |
6 | 0.00041084 | 0.000403 | 0.00062 | 0.000594 | 0.000372 | 0.00045964 |
7 | 0.00047424 | 0.000389 | 0.000462 | 0.000458 | 0.000336 | 0.00034683 |
8 | 0.00034183 | 0.000441 | 0.000401 | 0.000383 | 0.000347 | 0.00033913 |
9 | 0.00036792 | 0.000409 | 0.000435 | 0.000383 | 0.000352 | 0.00037953 |
平均值 | 0.0004655 | 0.00049 | 0.00046 | 0.00052 | 0.0004 | 0.0003867 |
标准偏差 | 9.191E-05 | 9.6E-05 | 7.3E-05 | 0.0001 | 5.3E-05 | 4.454E-05 |
表8
5毫克ALA于(PF-127 25%+HPMC 2%)中 | ||||||
620-640avg | 0hr | 1hr | 2hr | 3hr | 4hr | 5hr |
1 | 0.00027073 | 0.000371 | 0.000553 | 0.00053 | 0.000648 | 0.0008071 |
2 | 0.00024045 | 0.000525 | 0.000864 | 0.000618 | 0.000659 | 0.00057107 |
3 | 0.00026333 | 0.000646 | 0.000585 | 0.000558 | 0.000567 | 0.00058643 |
4 | 0.00029227 | 0.000297 | 0.000418 | 0.000366 | 0.000425 | 0.00043304 |
5 | 0.00029632 | 0.000357 | 0.00054 | 0.000527 | 0.000562 | 0.00058348 |
6 | 0.00029642 | 0.000331 | 0.000406 | 0.000583 | 0.000452 | 0.00049384 |
7 | 0.00028966 | 0.00031 | 0.000652 | 0.000648 | 0.000622 | 0.00074632 |
8 | 0.000284 | 0.000479 | 0.00059 | 0.000728 | 0.000542 | 0.00075167 |
9 | 0.00038285 | 0.000404 | 0.000385 | 0.000644 | 0.000513 | 0.00057985 |
平均值 | 0.0002907 | 0.00041 | 0.00055 | 0.00058 | 0.00055 | 0.000617 |
标准偏差 | 3.917E-05 | 0.00012 | 0.00015 | 0.0001 | 8.2E-05 | 0.0001253 |
表9
5毫克ALA于(PF-127 25%+CP 1%+Vit C 1%+Fe)中 | ||||||
620-640avg | 0hr | 1hr | 2hr | 3hr | 4hr | 5hr |
1 | 0.00040509 | 0.000378 | 0.000348 | 0.000367 | 0.000456 | 0.00039485 |
2 | 0.00035162 | 0.000349 | 0.000402 | 0.000368 | 0.000367 | 0.00049108 |
3 | 0.00034912 | 0.000368 | 0.000436 | 0.000355 | 0.000354 | 0.00036006 |
4 | 0.00042917 | 0.000397 | 0.00037 | 0.000322 | 0.000373 | 0.00034619 |
5 | 0.00035238 | 0.000355 | 0.000375 | 0.000338 | 0.000355 | 0.00039839 |
6 | 0.00037471 | 0.000373 | 0.000323 | 0.000404 | 0.000393 | 0.00037743 |
7 | 0.0004043 | 0.000335 | 0.000317 | 0.000333 | 0.000339 | 0.00051095 |
8 | 0.00036154 | 0.000306 | 0.000347 | 0.000319 | 0.000325 | 0.00032704 |
9 | 0.00034233 | 0.000355 | 0.000346 | 0.000339 | 0.000343 | 0.00032848 |
平均值 | 0.0003745 | 0.00036 | 0.00036 | 0.00035 | 0.00037 | 0.0003927 |
标准偏差 | 3.097E-05 | 2.6E-05 | 3.8E-05 | 2.7E-05 | 3.9E-05 | 6.671E-05 |
Claims (2)
1.一种用于光动力诊断或治疗的组合物,其包含:
10%~30%(重量)供皮肤或粘膜治疗或诊断用的制剂5-氨基酮戊酸;
0.5%~2%(重量)选自羧乙烯基聚酯及纤维素类的粘膜粘着性聚合物;
15%~40%(重量)热凝性聚合物,其是具有两个临界点,于低温时为溶液状态,在历经第一临界点进入较高温时为凝胶状态,而在历经第二临界点进入更高温时又呈溶液状态的聚合物,其中第一临界点介于25℃及37℃之间,第二临界点介于45℃及55℃之间;
其余为水和/或药学上可接受的赋形剂,其中组合物的pH值为2~4。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,其包含:
10%~30%(重量)供皮肤或粘膜治疗或诊断用的制剂5-氨基酮戊酸;
1%~1.5%(重量)选自下列的羧乙烯基聚酯及纤维素类的粘膜粘着性聚合物:carbopol 941、carbopol 971P及HPMC;
20%~30%(重量)选自下列的热凝性聚合物:PoloxamerPF127及聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺);
其余为水和/或药学上可接受的赋形剂,其中组合物的pH值为2~4。
Priority Applications (8)
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CNB021032564A CN1224424C (zh) | 2002-02-01 | 2002-02-01 | 粘膜吸附性的热凝性医药载体组合物 |
DE60302676T DE60302676T2 (de) | 2002-02-01 | 2003-01-22 | Mucoadhäsive, wärmeaktivierbare Zubereitung als Träger für Medikamente |
AT03001453T ATE312626T1 (de) | 2002-02-01 | 2003-01-22 | Mucoadhäsive, wärmeaktivierbare zubereitung als träger für medikamente |
EP03001453A EP1332764B1 (en) | 2002-02-01 | 2003-01-22 | A mucoadhesive thermoresponsive medicament-carrier composition |
DK03001453T DK1332764T3 (da) | 2002-02-01 | 2003-01-22 | Mucoadhæsivt, termoresponsivt lægemiddel-bærer-præparat |
US10/350,045 US20040009212A1 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2003-01-24 | Mucoadhesive thermoresponsive medicament-carrier composition |
JP2003059191A JP4740524B2 (ja) | 2002-01-30 | 2003-01-29 | 熱応答粘膜接着性医薬−担体組成物 |
US11/525,837 US20070231352A1 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2006-09-25 | Mucoadhesive thermoresponsive medicament-carrier composition |
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CNB021032564A CN1224424C (zh) | 2002-02-01 | 2002-02-01 | 粘膜吸附性的热凝性医药载体组合物 |
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CN1224424C true CN1224424C (zh) | 2005-10-26 |
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EP (1) | EP1332764B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1224424C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE312626T1 (zh) |
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CN106714837A (zh) * | 2014-06-09 | 2017-05-24 | 克洛克斯科技公司 | 热固性生物光子组合物及其用途 |
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WO2006009764A1 (en) | 2004-06-17 | 2006-01-26 | Amano Enzyme Usa., Ltd. | Controlled release formulations of enzymes, microorganisms, and antibodies with mucoadhesive polymers |
WO2006039659A1 (en) * | 2004-10-02 | 2006-04-13 | Sri International | Bioadhesive delivery system for transmucosal delivery of beneficial agents |
US20070082048A1 (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2007-04-12 | Ronald Warner | Sleep aid formulations |
AU2012236493A1 (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2013-10-31 | University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Thermo-sensitive, mucoadhesive or dermoadhesive, and penetration-enhancing formulations for topical delivery of therapeutics |
CN103405769A (zh) | 2013-03-07 | 2013-11-27 | 北京亿仁赛博医疗科技研发中心有限公司 | 光敏剂在制备治疗疾病的病毒灭活药物中的应用 |
CN103432581A (zh) | 2013-03-22 | 2013-12-11 | 北京海思威科技有限公司 | 速立氧注射剂在制备治疗疾病的病毒灭活中的应用 |
ITUB20152862A1 (it) * | 2015-08-05 | 2017-02-05 | Teres Srl | Veicolo per terapia fotodinamica topica con acido delta-aminolevulinico in ambito dermatologico e metodo di preparazione del veicolo stesso. |
CN105534739A (zh) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-04 | 杭州惠康医疗器械有限公司 | 一种复合凝胶 |
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CN106714837A (zh) * | 2014-06-09 | 2017-05-24 | 克洛克斯科技公司 | 热固性生物光子组合物及其用途 |
CN106714837B (zh) * | 2014-06-09 | 2021-04-16 | 广东科洛克生物医药集团有限公司 | 热固性生物光子组合物及其用途 |
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EP1332764A1 (en) | 2003-08-06 |
CN1435261A (zh) | 2003-08-13 |
DK1332764T3 (da) | 2006-05-01 |
DE60302676D1 (de) | 2006-01-19 |
ATE312626T1 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
DE60302676T2 (de) | 2006-09-07 |
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